燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池汽(qi)車(che)(che)(FCV)是一種用車(che)(che)載(zai)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池裝置(zhi)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)作(zuo)為動(dong)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)車(che)(che)。車(che)(che)載(zai)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池裝置(zhi)所(suo)(suo)使用的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)為高純(chun)度(du)氫氣(qi)或含氫燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)經重整所(suo)(suo)得(de)到的(de)(de)(de)高含氫重整氣(qi)。與(yu)通常的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)比較，其動(dong)力(li)(li)方面的(de)(de)(de)不同在(zai)于FCV用的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)來自車(che)(che)載(zai)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池裝置(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)所(suo)(suo)用的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)來自由電(dian)(dian)(dian)網充電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。因此(ci)，FCV的(de)(de)(de)關鍵是燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)而(er)(er)直接以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)方式將燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置(zhi)。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本原理是:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)(燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)極(ji)(ji))輸(shu)入(ru)氫(qing)氣(qi)(燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao))，氫(qing)分子(zi)(zi)(H2)在(zai)(zai)陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)催化(hua)劑作用(yong)下被離解成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)氫(qing)離子(zi)(zi)(H+)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(e-)，H+穿(chuan)(chuan)過燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質層向(xiang)陰極(ji)(ji)(氧(yang)化(hua)極(ji)(ji))方向(xiang)運動(dong)，e-因通不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質層而(er)(er)由一(yi)個外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)流(liu)(liu)向(xiang)陰極(ji)(ji);在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)陰極(ji)(ji)輸(shu)入(ru)氧(yang)氣(qi)(O2)，氧(yang)氣(qi)在(zai)(zai)陰極(ji)(ji)催化(hua)劑作用(yong)下離解成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)氧(yang)原子(zi)(zi)(O)，與(yu)通過外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)流(liu)(liu)向(xiang)陰極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)e-和(he)(he)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)穿(chuan)(chuan)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質的(de)(de)(de)(de)H+結合生成(cheng)(cheng)穩(wen)定結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(H2O)，完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)放(fang)出熱量。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)與(yu)氫(qing)氣(qi)在(zai)(zai)氧(yang)氣(qi)中發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)劇烈(lie)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)是完(wan)全(quan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)，只要陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)輸(shu)入(ru)氫(qing)氣(qi)，陰極(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)輸(shu)入(ru)氧(yang)氣(qi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)就會連續(xu)(xu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)地(di)進行下去，e-就會不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)通過外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)流(liu)(liu)動(dong)形成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，從而(er)(er)連續(xu)(xu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)地(di)向(xiang)汽(qi)車提供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力。與(yu)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體切割磁力線的(de)(de)(de)(de)回轉(zhuan)機械發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原理也完(wan)全(quan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同，這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)屬于一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)沒(mei)有物體運動(dong)就獲得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜態發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式。因而(er)(er)，燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)具(ju)有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率高(gao)、噪音低、無污染物排出等優點，這(zhe)確保了FCV成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)真(zhen)正意義(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、清潔(jie)汽(qi)車。

為(wei)滿足汽車的(de)(de)使用(yong)要求，車用(yong)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池還必須具有高(gao)比(bi)能量(liang)、低工(gong)作溫度、起(qi)動(dong)快、無泄漏等特性(xing)，在(zai)眾(zhong)多類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池中，質子交換膜燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(PEMFC)完(wan)全具備這(zhe)些特性(xing)，所以FCV所使用(yong)的(de)(de)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池都(dou)是PEMFC。