定安(an)(an)鵝(e)因產自海南省定安(an)(an)縣(xian),以(yi)一年四(si)季(ji)(ji)都能產蛋、自孵而(er)得名。定安(an)(an)四(si)季(ji)(ji)鵝(e)適(shi)應性好、抗病力強(qiang)、體型大、增重快,覓食力強(qiang),消(xiao)化率高,能充分利用野草、秸稈、遺落稻穗,甚(shen)至深埋(mai)污泥中的草根(gen)、塊莖等,飼養耗糧少,成本低,年產蛋量高,肉質好,深受百姓歡迎(ying),是定安(an)(an)農家(jia)的當(dang)家(jia)家(jia)禽品種(zhong)。
定(ding)安鵝(e)的特點是(shi)體型中等,外貌清秀,體態呈(cheng)橢圓形。喙長(chang)。虹彩黃(huang)褐色。頸(jing)較細(xi)長(chang),稍呈(cheng)弓形,后軀發達。產蛋期腹下單褶或雙(shuang)褶,垂(chui)皮明顯。通常鵝(e)群分兩(liang)大(da)類型:羽毛全白(bai),喙橘黃(huang)色,跖、蹼、趾橙(cheng)黃(huang)色頸(jing)羽、翼(yi)羽、尾(wei)羽灰褐色,腹下乳白(bai)色。
1、生長速度與產肉性能
平(ping)均體重(zhong):初(chu)生95克(ke)(ke);30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡1110克(ke)(ke);60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡2750克(ke)(ke);90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡3830克(ke)(ke);120日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡4060克(ke)(ke);成(cheng)年(nian)公(gong)(gong)母(mu)鵝(e)(e)分別為(wei)5240克(ke)(ke)、4410克(ke)(ke)。仔鵝(e)(e),35日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡時開始(shi)長(chang)粗(cu)毛(mao),45日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡時腹、翼、尾部長(chang)出粗(cu)羽(yu),60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡時長(chang)主翼羽(yu),75~80日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡長(chang)齊翅羽(yu)。90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡公(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)平(ping)均半(ban)凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)(zai)率(lv)81.94%,母(mu)鵝(e)(e)83.48%;90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡公(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)平(ping)均全(quan)凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)(zai)率(lv)74.09%,母(mu)鵝(e)(e)76.58%。成(cheng)年(nian)公(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)平(ping)均半(ban)凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)(zai)率(lv)86.16%,母(mu)鵝(e)(e)87.46%;成(cheng)年(nian)公(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)平(ping)均全(quan)凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)(zai)率(lv)79.69%,母(mu)鵝(e)(e)79.11%。
2、產蛋性(xing)(xing)能與繁殖性(xing)(xing)能
母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)平均(jun)開產(chan)(chan)(chan)日齡(ling)185天(最早的為162天)。每(mei)年(nian)從(cong)9~10月產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)開始至翌年(nian)3~4月結束,年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)2~4窩,平均(jun)年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)37枚(mei),平均(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)重160克。平均(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)殼厚度(du)0.42毫米,平均(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)形(xing)指數1.38。蛋(dan)(dan)殼乳白色。公鵝(e)性成(cheng)熟(shu)期140~160天,適(shi)宜配種(zhong)(zhong)年(nian)齡(ling)在(zai)200天以上。公母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)配種(zhong)(zhong)比(bi)例(li)1:(4~5)。平均(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)蛋(dan)(dan)受精(jing)率(lv)84.2%,平均(jun)受精(jing)蛋(dan)(dan)孵化(hua)率(lv)94.4%。母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)就巢(chao)性強,有(you)97%的母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)有(you)就巢(chao)性,年(nian)就巢(chao)2~3次。公鵝(e)利用年(nian)限4~6年(nian),母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)6~8年(nian)。