建(jian)窯(yao)，宋代名窯(yao)之一，亦稱(cheng)(cheng)“建(jian)安(an)窯(yao)”、“烏泥窯(yao)”，分布在南平(ping)(ping)建(jian)陽水吉窯(yao)、南平(ping)(ping)茶洋窯(yao)、武夷(yi)山(shan)遇林亭窯(yao)，三(san)處窯(yao)址統稱(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)窯(yao)系。以燒(shao)(shao)黑(hei)釉(you)瓷聞(wen)名于世。小碗最多，胎(tai)骨烏泥色(se)，釉(you)面多條狀結晶紋，細如兔毛(mao)，稱(cheng)(cheng)“兔毫盞(zhan)”。也有燒(shao)(shao)成“鷓鴣斑”，“銀星斑”的，別致(zhi)美觀。釉(you)下(xia)毫紋，是利用酸性釉(you)料所后(hou)成的酸化痕(hen)跡作裝飾，因建(jian)窯(yao)瓷皆仰(yang)燒(shao)(shao)，釉(you)水下(xia)垂，成品(pin)口緣(yuan)釉(you)色(se)淺。由于器(qi)壁斜度不同，流速快，成纖細毫紋，流速稍慢則粗，就成兔毫之狀。有的器(qi)底，刻有“供御(yu)”和“進(jin)”琖(zhan)等字樣，為貢(gong)瓷。
建窯(yao)所(suo)產(chan)的黑(hei)釉“建盞”影響(xiang)十分廣泛，深(shen)受(shou)日、韓(han)、臺等地區茶道的重視(shi)。其中，“曜(yao)變天目”、“油滴建盞”等南宋曠世珍品被(bei)日本視(shi)為國寶級文物，飲譽四方。
圖示兔(tu)毫(hao)茶碗文(wen)獻記載：建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)生產創燒(shao)于(yu)晚唐五代時期(qi)，興盛于(yu)兩(liang)宋，元代中后期(qi)趨于(yu)衰落，明(ming)代停(ting)燒(shao)。數(shu)百(bai)年(nian)來(lai)，“建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)”的(de)恢復(fu)和研(yan)究，一(yi)直為陶瓷(ci)界所關注、研(yan)究者所追(zhui)求。1979年(nian)開(kai)始，離休干部栗金旺領著女(nv)婿(xu)孫(sun)建(jian)興和女(nv)兒栗云及外(wai)孫(sun)女(nv)孫(sun)莉，運用現代科學技術與(yu)傳(chuan)統技藝(yi)相結合，歷經艱辛，不懈(xie)探索，分析了數(shu)千片建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)殘(can)片的(de)燒(shao)成(cheng)規律，經過數(shu)萬次坯釉配方調試，以(yi)及數(shu)千次燒(shao)成(cheng)工藝(yi)的(de)改進，來(lai)努力提高制品成(cheng)功率。試制出兔(tu)毫(hao)、油滴、曜變(bian)等系列(lie)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)，恢復(fu)了建(jian)窯(yao)系列(lie)傳(chuan)統技藝(yi)，終(zhong)于(yu)使失傳(chuan)的(de)“建(jian)窯(yao)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)”系技藝(yi)復(fu)原，重現人間，讓國之瑰(gui)寶重煥光彩。
2008年(nian)以來，星(xing)(xing)辰(chen)、建(jian)(jian)窯兩所(suo)(suo)向國(guo)家文化部、省(sheng)文化廳申報研制發掘的(de)“建(jian)(jian)窯建(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)制作（燒制）技藝”，分(fen)別(bie)于2009年(nian)5月、被列入第三(san)批省(sheng)級(ji)非(fei)(fei)(fei)物質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)名(ming)(ming)錄(lu)。栗金旺(wang)、孫(sun)建(jian)(jian)興入選福(fu)建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)第二批非(fei)(fei)(fei)物質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)項(xiang)目(mu)代表性(xing)(xing)傳承人(ren)名(ming)(ming)單福(fu)建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)文化廳授(shou)予“南平市星(xing)(xing)辰(chen)天目(mu)陶瓷研究所(suo)(suo)”（建(jian)(jian)窯建(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)燒制技藝）為福(fu)建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)第一批非(fei)(fei)(fei)物質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)生產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)保護示范基(ji)地。2011年(nian)5月被列入國(guo)家級(ji)非(fei)(fei)(fei)物質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)名(ming)(ming)錄(lu)，孫(sun)建(jian)(jian)興入選國(guo)家級(ji)第四批非(fei)(fei)(fei)物質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)項(xiang)目(mu)代表性(xing)(xing)傳承人(ren)名(ming)(ming)單。
在歷史(shi)上，建(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)以黑(hei)(hei)釉(you)瓷(ci)(ci)器(qi)著稱。依據(ju)釉(you)面紋理的不同，建(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)黑(hei)(hei)瓷(ci)(ci)大(da)(da)致可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)烏金(jin)、兔毫、油滴、鷓鴣斑、曜變(bian)和雜色(se)六大(da)(da)類。建(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)黑(hei)(hei)瓷(ci)(ci)中(zhong)碗類占絕大(da)(da)多數，宋代文(wen)獻稱之為(wei)(wei)“甌”或“盞(zhan)(zhan)”，俗稱建(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)。其(qi)胎質厚實堅硬，截面呈黑(hei)(hei)色(se)或灰黑(hei)(hei)、黑(hei)(hei)褐色(se)，叩擊可聞金(jin)屬之聲。建(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)大(da)(da)多口(kou)(kou)大(da)(da)底小、形(xing)如漏(lou)斗，多為(wei)(wei)淺(qian)圈足(zu)，足(zu)根多見修(xiu)刀。其(qi)造(zao)型古樸(pu)渾厚，手(shou)感壓沉，從形(xing)態上可以分(fen)為(wei)(wei)敞口(kou)(kou)、撇口(kou)(kou)、斂口(kou)(kou)和束口(kou)(kou)四(si)類。建(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)都用正燒，因建(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)黑(hei)(hei)釉(you)普遍(bian)釉(you)汁肥厚，為(wei)(wei)避免在燒制過(guo)程中(zhong)底部發生粘連，其(qi)外(wai)壁多施半釉(you)，且口(kou)(kou)沿釉(you)層較(jiao)薄，而器(qi)內(nei)底聚釉(you)較(jiao)厚。建(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)對土(tu)壤(rang)有著嚴格要求。建(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)之所以會誕(dan)生在閩(min)北(bei)，是因為(wei)(wei)閩(min)北(bei)有著得(de)天獨厚的資源，建(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)所產的黑(hei)(hei)釉(you)“建(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)”，就是采用閩(min)北(bei)地產含鐵質較(jiao)多的紅、黃壤(rang)土(tu)等粉碎加工(gong)(gong)后制成(cheng)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)的傳統手(shou)工(gong)(gong)制作(zuo)技藝(yi)流(liu)程，要經過(guo)選(xuan)瓷(ci)(ci)礦、瓷(ci)(ci)礦粉碎、淘(tao)洗、配(pei)料、陳腐、練泥、揉泥、拉坯、修(xiu)坯、素燒、上釉(you)、裝窯(yao)(yao)(yao)、焙燒等13道(dao)工(gong)(gong)序。“建(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)”的制坯成(cheng)型，是采用手(shou)工(gong)(gong)拉坯成(cheng)型的。將雙手(shou)將泥拉成(cheng)器(qi)坯，要成(cheng)足(zu)在胸，一氣呵成(cheng)。靈活運用，推(tui)、拉、收、放等手(shou)法，在準確適度的內(nei)外(wai)兩個力的調合中(zhong)，找到(dao)器(qi)壁最佳形(xing)式成(cheng)型。
宋(song)時(shi)建(jian)窯(yao)產(chan)出的(de)(de)黑釉瓷產(chan)品(pin)，主要以(yi)曜(yao)變、金(jin)兔毫、銀(yin)兔毫、油滴(di)、鷓鴣斑紋(wen)為主。“建(jian)盞”是在(zai)窯(yao)內高(gao)溫(wen)焙燒的(de)(de)過程(cheng)中，通(tong)過火的(de)(de)藝(yi)術，使釉面產(chan)生各種(zhong)自然奇特的(de)(de)斑紋(wen)。在(zai)古時(shi)，這些(xie)斑紋(wen)人(ren)工(gong)難以(yi)控制，形成(cheng)的(de)(de)各種(zhong)變幻莫測的(de)(de)釉色，讓(rang)人(ren)感(gan)覺象(xiang)宇宙星(xing)空的(de)(de)景色，精美絕倫，給人(ren)以(yi)質樸、典雅(ya)的(de)(de)美感(gan)。屬于我國古代結晶藝(yi)術釉，是宋(song)時(shi)建(jian)窯(yao)的(de)(de)杰出成(cheng)就。有關(guan)專家認(ren)為，南平(ping)市星(xing)辰天目陶瓷研究所燒制出以(yi)往所沒(mei)有的(de)(de)天目瓷，其制作的(de)(de)建(jian)盞，在(zai)器形、釉色和本質結構上均達(da)到“形似(si)(si)、神(shen)似(si)(si) 、質似(si)(si)”的(de)(de)藝(yi)術水平(ping)。
由于這類結晶釉(you)在窯爐高(gao)溫中(zhong)(zhong)易變(bian)，難以(yi)控制(zhi)(zhi)，加上(shang)氧化(hua)(hua)鐵含量高(gao)的(de)坯體難以(yi)承受高(gao)溫變(bian)化(hua)(hua)，要燒制(zhi)(zhi)一件(jian)外觀沒有缺陷(xian)的(de)，又(you)具(ju)有美(mei)麗(li)斑(ban)紋的(de)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是很困難的(de)，即使運用現代科(ke)技手段(duan)所產出(chu)的(de)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，成品幾率(lv)低，優秀的(de)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)在市面(mian)上(shang)更少。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)曜(yao)(yao)(yao)變(bian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斑(ban)紋光彩(cai)奪目(mu)，異(yi)常絢麗(li)，在建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)為珍貴。在當時人工傳(chuan)統(tong)燒制(zhi)(zhi)幾千(qian)(qian)萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)，才(cai)能(neng)偶然得到(dao)一兩件(jian)曜(yao)(yao)(yao)變(bian)斑(ban)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。燒制(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)百萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)，得到(dao)一兩件(jian)油滴斑(ban)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，“目(mu)前世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)僅存的(de)三(san)件(jian)曜(yao)(yao)(yao)變(bian)斑(ban)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，分(fen)別珍藏在日本(ben)靜嘉堂(tang)文(wen)庫(ku)、藤田美(mei)術館(guan)和龍光院，被該國視(shi)為國寶。據公元1511年(nian)出(chu)版的(de)日本(ben)《君臺(tai)觀左右賬記》史(shi)冊里記載：曜(yao)(yao)(yao)變(bian)斑(ban)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)乃無上(shang)神品，值(zhi)(zhi)萬(wan)(wan)匹絹；油滴斑(ban)建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是第二重寶，值(zhi)(zhi)五千(qian)(qian)匹絹；兔毫盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)值(zhi)(zhi)三(san)千(qian)(qian)匹絹。從這里不難看出(chu)，建(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)燒制(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)的(de)黑(hei)釉(you)碗盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，其(qi)價值(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)得令人瞠(cheng)目(mu)。”
建盞的(de)工藝(yi)特點表(biao)明，燒(shao)成(cheng)一件完(wan)美作(zuo)品，必然(ran)伴隨著大量(liang)的(de)廢(fei)品和次品，從我們走進古窯(yao)遺址，就會看到那漫山遍野(ye)地瓷片，說明了宋代(dai)(dai)建窯(yao)藝(yi)人，要燒(shao)制難度(du)大，成(cheng)功(gong)率低的(de)茶碗，是因流(liu)行于宋代(dai)(dai)的(de)斗(dou)茶文化藝(yi)術，也充分說明了建窯(yao)的(de)歷(li)史(shi)與斗(dou)茶歷(li)史(shi)息(xi)(xi)息(xi)(xi)相關。
作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)壇明(ming)珠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，自(zi)元代(dai)初中(zhong)(zhong)期以(yi)后卻逐漸被歷(li)史的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)土所(suo)(suo)(suo)掩埋，一(yi)度(du)陷(xian)入(ru)沉寂。為(wei)使失傳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)茶(cha)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)重見(jian)人(ren)(ren)間(jian)，栗金(jin)(jin)旺、孫(sun)(sun)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)興(xing)和(he)栗云及孫(sun)(sun)莉(li)(li)一(yi)家(jia)三代(dai)人(ren)(ren)，歷(li)經(jing)三十多年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)努力，在(zai)原有(you)研(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)黑(hei)釉(you)(you)、金(jin)(jin)（銀）兔(tu)(tu)毫(hao)(hao)制(zhi)品傳統(tong)風格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)，不(bu)斷(duan)創(chuang)(chuang)新和(he)發(fa)(fa)展。陸(lu)續挖掘研(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)出建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)黃(huang)（紅(hong)、藍、虹(hong)(hong)彩）兔(tu)(tu)毫(hao)(hao)、金(jin)(jin)（銀、紅(hong)、藍、虹(hong)(hong)彩）油(you)滴(di)(di)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)寶油(you)滴(di)(di)（星(xing)）建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、白點（藍點、黑(hei)點、銀點、虹(hong)(hong)彩）鷓鴣(gu)斑、曜變(bian)(bian)、異毫(hao)(hao)、毫(hao)(hao)變(bian)(bian)、窯(yao)(yao)(yao)變(bian)(bian)、黃(huang)天(tian)(tian)目(mu)、蓼冷汁、灰被、金(jin)(jin)（銀）彩文字(zi)天(tian)(tian)目(mu)、鐵繡斑、木葉、玳瑁、柿紅(hong)釉(you)(you)等三十種系列“建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”制(zhi)品，經(jing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)、省(sheng)(sheng)級專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)組織評審檢測分(fen)(fen)析和(he)鑒定，主要(yao)性能指標均達(da)到(dao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內領(ling)先和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)先進水平(ping)(ping)。這(zhe)些拙樸雋永、形神兼備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿宋建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)產品，無(wu)論(lun)胎釉(you)(you)、造型、花紋都可與(yu)(yu)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)相媲(pi)美(mei)，再(zai)現(xian)了千年(nian)古窯(yao)(yao)(yao)之盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術魅力。孫(sun)(sun)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)興(xing)，曾為(wei)德(de)化紅(hong)旗瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)廠配(pei)方(fang)試(shi)制(zhi)組技術員，后進入(ru)西北輕工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)學院(yuan)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)（現(xian)為(wei)陜(shan)西科(ke)(ke)技大(da)學）學習，為(wei)恢(hui)復(fu)與(yu)(yu)挖掘我國(guo)(guo)(guo)宋代(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)技藝(yi)，1979年(nian)，借調(diao)福(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)輕工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)，參加(jia)由中(zhong)(zhong)央工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)美(mei)術學院(yuan)、福(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)輕工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)組織恢(hui)復(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)（建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)兔(tu)(tu)毫(hao)(hao)釉(you)(you)）科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)組，主要(yao)負(fu)責配(pei)方(fang)和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，經(jing)過(guo)(guo)一(yi)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)試(shi)驗(yan)，初步試(shi)制(zhi)出仿宋建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)兔(tu)(tu)毫(hao)(hao)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。這(zhe)期間(jian)，孫(sun)(sun)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)興(xing)認識了在(zai)福(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)輕工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)栗云。為(wei)了全面(mian)地(di)恢(hui)復(fu)失傳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)技藝(yi)，1981年(nian)，孫(sun)(sun)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)興(xing)栗云夫妻先后從省(sheng)(sheng)城調(diao)到(dao)閩北工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)之余，他們在(zai)幫助建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽燒制(zhi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)兔(tu)(tu)毫(hao)(hao)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、油(you)滴(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)，1982年(nian)，幫助南(nan)平(ping)(ping)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)廠仿制(zhi)燒出油(you)滴(di)(di)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，該(gai)制(zhi)品經(jing)有(you)關專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)鑒定，確(que)認是成(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。為(wei)了更(geng)全面(mian)、系統(tong)地(di)挖掘建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)技藝(yi)，1991年(nian)，孫(sun)(sun)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)興(xing)岳父栗金(jin)(jin)旺領(ling)頭創(chuang)(chuang)辦了民營(ying)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)機構—福(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)南(nan)平(ping)(ping)星(xing)辰(chen)天(tian)(tian)目(mu)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)，任所(suo)(suo)(suo)長，2008年(nian)，孫(sun)(sun)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)興(xing)與(yu)(yu)岳父栗金(jin)(jin)旺、妻子栗云以(yi)及女兒孫(sun)(sun)莉(li)(li)創(chuang)(chuang)辦了南(nan)平(ping)(ping)市建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)，一(yi)家(jia)三代(dai)人(ren)(ren)投入(ru)到(dao)系列“建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)中(zhong)(zhong)，使建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技藝(yi)得(de)以(yi)完善并傳承、發(fa)(fa)展。孫(sun)(sun)莉(li)(li)受家(jia)庭環境薫陶(tao)(tao)，大(da)學畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)后跟(gen)著外公和(he)父母癡(chi)迷于建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。用近(jin)10年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青春時光與(yu)(yu)泥(ni)相伴(ban)，現(xian)已掌握了建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)技藝(yi)，尤其(qi)是曜變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)成(cheng)型及燒成(cheng)技藝(yi)，作(zuo)(zuo)品‘油(you)滴(di)(di)天(tian)(tian)球瓶’入(ru)選(xuan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)第二屆(jie)新秀陶(tao)(tao)藝(yi)家(jia)作(zuo)(zuo)品雙年(nian)展。2008年(nian)，孫(sun)(sun)莉(li)(li)擔任了南(nan)平(ping)(ping)市建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)長。她覺得(de)“通過(guo)(guo)努力地(di)去塑(su)造著自(zi)己所(suo)(suo)(suo)希望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完美(mei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，不(bu)斷(duan)地(di)在(zai)實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)，去提高技藝(yi)水平(ping)(ping)而(er)得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那種成(cheng)就感，是最快樂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事情了。”現(xian)今(jin)，她的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)盞(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)作(zuo)(zuo)品，分(fen)(fen)別在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)、省(sheng)(sheng)級有(you)關會議及參展上(shang)，獲得(de)金(jin)(jin)獎，銀、銅獎和(he)優秀獎，并獲國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)利兩項。 ?
隨(sui)著人(ren)民生活水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)不斷(duan)提高，人(ren)們對精神文化生活的(de)(de)(de)需求越迫切(qie)，建(jian)盞文化重新(xin)被(bei)人(ren)們所認識。日(ri)本人(ren)把中國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)飲茶(cha)習(xi)俗發展(zhan)成(cheng)其(qi)獨(du)有的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)道文化，長期以來，優(you)秀的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)盞，是日(ri)本國(guo)上(shang)層階級所珍藏(zang)和使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)寶物。如(ru)今(jin)，武夷茶(cha)正強勁崛起，建(jian)盞與茶(cha)緊密結合，必(bi)將也隨(sui)之興(xing)盛。
一只質(zhi)樸、典雅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“建盞”就是(shi)充分(fen)利用了(le)釉料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)質(zhi)，把固有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美表現(xian)出來，它所給予人們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)僅是(shi)大自然(ran)和(he)宇宙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壯觀美，還有視覺(jue)(jue)和(he)觸(chu)覺(jue)(jue)所不(bu)(bu)能覺(jue)(jue)察到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，一種靠心靈(ling)才(cai)能感(gan)受到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美。建窯建盞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)作工藝，將(jiang)流暢、簡煉、實用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)造型、精光內蘊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)釉色和(he)匠心獨到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斑紋和(he)諧地統一于建窯珍品(pin)中，使之(zhi)無庸置疑(yi)地屹立(li)于中國古代黑(hei)釉瓷(ci)制(zhi)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巔峰(feng)，成為一朵(duo)富有詩意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瓷(ci)壇奇葩(pa)。
“建窯建盞”是我(wo)(wo)國古(gu)代黑釉(you)瓷的巔峰之作(zuo)，對其技藝的保護、傳承與發展(zhan)有(you)著重要(yao)的現實(shi)意義。它對認(ren)識我(wo)(wo)國悠久(jiu)的歷史文(wen)明，促進我(wo)(wo)國對外交流，弘揚中華(hua)民(min)族傳統文(wen)化都有(you)著無可替(ti)代的重要(yao)作(zuo)用(yong)。
2011年(nian)3至5月，一家三代(dai)傳承人受福建(jian)省非物質文(wen)化遺產博(bo)覽(lan)苑(yuan)特(te)邀，舉辦(ban)了“建(jian)窯(yao)建(jian)盞(zhan)燒制技(ji)藝(yi)成果展”。當我們走(zou)進非遺博(bo)覽(lan)苑(yuan)，靜靜品味建(jian)窯(yao)建(jian)盞(zhan)的科(ke)技(ji)含量、文(wen)化底蘊和藝(yi)術魅力(li)，將(jiang)會為這鳥語花(hua)香(xiang)的光陰倍添一份(fen)春情春趣(qu)。
2016年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)22日(ri)下午，“天(tian)工(gong)開物——非物質文化遺(yi)產全國精(jing)品邀請展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”在(zai)上海(hai)灘大美術館盛大開幕（展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)期從3月(yue)(yue)22日(ri)持續(xu)至4月(yue)(yue)15日(ri)），“不為”建(jian)盞(zhan)作為建(jian)窯建(jian)盞(zhan)燒(shao)制技藝(yi)受邀參加本次展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽。此(ci)次展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽匯聚五湖四海(hai)著(zhu)名非遺(yi)技藝(yi)及其傳承(cheng)人，向觀眾展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現全國非遺(yi)精(jing)品。
巧笑倩兮
】編(bian)輯(ji)(ji)上(shang)傳(chuan)(chuan)提供，當前(qian)頁面所展示的詞條(tiao)介(jie)紹(shao)涉及宣傳(chuan)(chuan)內(nei)容屬于注冊(ce)用戶(hu)個人編(bian)輯(ji)(ji)行為，網站不(bu)完全保證內(nei)容信息的準確性、真(zhen)實性，也不(bu)代(dai)表本(ben)站立場。
