漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極數選擇不(bu)對(dui)而(er)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)誤(wu)(wu)動作(zuo)。如在(zai)三相(xiang)四線(xian)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路中，照明和(he)動力合用(yong)電(dian)(dian)路，錯誤(wu)(wu)地選用(yong)三極漏電(dian)(dian)保護器，單相(xiang)負荷零線(xian)直接接在(zai)保護器電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)側所引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的誤(wu)(wu)動作(zuo)。

2、接地不當

如零(ling)線重(zhong)復接地(di)、自耦(ou)變壓器(qi)接地(di)點分流、零(ling)序電流互感器(qi)回(hui)路中有金(jin)屬(shu)管(guan)電纜時(shi)其金(jin)屬(shu)管(guan)接地(di)不當等引起(qi)誤動作(zuo)。

3、內外過電壓

當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中發生雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和操作過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時，由于過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)頻(pin)率很(hen)(hen)高，對(dui)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)阻抗很(hen)(hen)小，以(yi)致充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)(hen)大，往往引起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器誤動作。為了防止出現這(zhe)種情況，應換上(shang)延時型或沖擊(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不動作型漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器，或者在觸點之間(jian)并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻以(yi)抑制過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。此(ci)外，也(ye)可在線路中接入過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)吸收裝(zhuang)置。

4、電磁干擾

當(dang)漏(lou)(lou)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)附近有磁性設備接(jie)(jie)通或大功率電器(qi)(qi)開(kai)合時(shi)，所產生的(de)磁場(chang)(chang)會(hui)(hui)引(yin)起(qi)漏(lou)(lou)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)誤動(dong)作。在這種情況下，漏(lou)(lou)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)安裝位(wei)置應遠離這種類型的(de)設備。此(ci)外，當(dang)漏(lou)(lou)電繼(ji)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)零序電流互感器(qi)(qi)和繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)脫扣線(xian)圈分開(kai)裝在兩處(chu)時(shi)，如果二者的(de)連接(jie)(jie)導線(xian)過長，又(you)位(wei)于強電場(chang)(chang)或強磁場(chang)(chang)附近，漏(lou)(lou)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)發生誤動(dong)作。此(ci)時(shi)應使(shi)連接(jie)(jie)導線(xian)盡量短些(xie)，并絞合在一起(qi)穿入鐵管，或者采用屏蔽導線(xian)，而(er)屏蔽部分再行接(jie)(jie)地。

5、環流影響

當兩(liang)臺(tai)配電(dian)變壓(ya)器(qi)并(bing)聯(lian)運行時，如果每臺(tai)變壓(ya)器(qi)的中(zhong)性點各(ge)有接地線(xian)(xian)，由(you)于兩(liang)臺(tai)變壓(ya)器(qi)的內阻抗不可能(neng)完(wan)全相(xiang)同，接地線(xian)(xian)中(zhong)會出現環(huan)(huan)流(liu)。若(ruo)環(huan)(huan)流(liu)很大，就會引起漏(lou)(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤(wu)動作。為(wei)避免出現這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，應拆去(qu)一(yi)(yi)根接地線(xian)(xian)，使兩(liang)臺(tai)變壓(ya)器(qi)共用一(yi)(yi)個接地極。此外，當同一(yi)(yi)變壓(ya)器(qi)通過兩(liang)條并(bing)聯(lian)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)對同一(yi)(yi)負載供電(dian)時，由(you)于兩(liang)個分(fen)支的電(dian)流(liu)不會完(wan)全相(xiang)等，在回(hui)(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)也(ye)會形成環(huan)(huan)流(liu)，引起回(hui)(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)的漏(lou)(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤(wu)動作。在這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)下，應將負荷分(fen)成兩(liang)組，分(fen)別由(you)兩(liang)個支路(lu)供電(dian)，盡量(liang)避免兩(liang)臺(tai)漏(lou)(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)并(bing)聯(lian)運行。

6、水銀燈和熒光(guang)燈回(hui)路的影響(xiang)

當水(shui)銀燈(deng)(deng)或熒光燈(deng)(deng)與其鎮(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)分開(kai)安裝時，由于燈(deng)(deng)與鎮(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)的(de)距離大(da)，對(dui)地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容較大(da)，而(er)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓又是高頻波，對(dui)地(di)容抗小(xiao)，因此充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流增大(da)。若回(hui)路中這種燈(deng)(deng)較多(duo)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流就會引(yin)起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)誤(wu)動作。此時應減少回(hui)路中水(shui)銀燈(deng)(deng)或熒光燈(deng)(deng)的(de)數(shu)量，縮短燈(deng)(deng)與鎮(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)的(de)距離，或者采用(yong)一、二次側絕(jue)緣的(de)鎮(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)，而(er)不采用(yong)自耦式鎮(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)。

7、過載和短(duan)路的影響

當漏電保護器兼有過(guo)電(dian)流保(bao)護(hu)、短(duan)路(lu)保(bao)護(hu)時，常因過(guo)電(dian)流短(duan)路(lu)保(bao)護(hu)脫扣器的(de)電(dian)流整定不當(dang)而引起漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器誤(wu)動作。為(wei)此，應(ying)重(zhong)新整定過(guo)電(dian)流保(bao)護(hu)裝置的(de)動作電(dian)流，使其與工(gong)作電(dian)流相匹配。