漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極(ji)(ji)數選擇不(bu)對而引起誤(wu)動(dong)作(zuo)。如(ru)在(zai)三相四線制電(dian)路中(zhong)，照明和動(dong)力合用電(dian)路，錯誤(wu)地選用三極(ji)(ji)漏電(dian)保護(hu)器(qi)，單相負荷(he)零線直接接在(zai)保護(hu)器(qi)電(dian)源(yuan)側所引起的誤(wu)動(dong)作(zuo)。

2、接地不當

如零(ling)線重復接地、自耦變(bian)壓器接地點分(fen)流(liu)、零(ling)序電(dian)流(liu)互(hu)感器回路中有金屬管電(dian)纜時其金屬管接地不當等(deng)引(yin)起誤動作。

3、內外過電壓

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中發生雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和操作(zuo)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時，由于(yu)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)頻率(lv)很(hen)(hen)高，對地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容阻(zu)抗很(hen)(hen)小(xiao)，以(yi)致充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)(hen)大，往往引起(qi)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器(qi)誤動作(zuo)。為(wei)了防止出現這(zhe)種情況(kuang)，應換上延時型或沖擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不(bu)動作(zuo)型漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器(qi)，或者在(zai)觸點之間(jian)并聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)以(yi)抑制過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。此外，也可(ke)在(zai)線路中接入(ru)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)吸收裝置。

4、電磁干擾

當漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器附(fu)近有磁性設備接(jie)(jie)通(tong)或大(da)功率電(dian)器開合(he)時(shi)，所產生的(de)(de)磁場會引起(qi)漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器誤動作。在(zai)這種(zhong)情(qing)況下，漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器的(de)(de)安裝位置應遠離這種(zhong)類型的(de)(de)設備。此外，當漏(lou)電(dian)繼電(dian)保(bao)護器的(de)(de)零序電(dian)流互感器和繼電(dian)器脫扣線圈(quan)分開裝在(zai)兩處(chu)時(shi)，如果二者的(de)(de)連接(jie)(jie)導線過長，又位于強電(dian)場或強磁場附(fu)近，漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器也會發生誤動作。此時(shi)應使連接(jie)(jie)導線盡量短些，并絞合(he)在(zai)一起(qi)穿入鐵管，或者采用屏蔽(bi)導線，而屏蔽(bi)部分再行(xing)接(jie)(jie)地。

5、環流影響

當兩(liang)(liang)臺配電(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器并聯(lian)(lian)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)時(shi)，如果每(mei)臺變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器的中性點各有接地線(xian)，由于兩(liang)(liang)臺變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器的內阻(zu)抗不(bu)(bu)可能完全(quan)相(xiang)同(tong)，接地線(xian)中會(hui)出現環(huan)流(liu)。若環(huan)流(liu)很大，就會(hui)引(yin)起(qi)(qi)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu)器誤(wu)動作(zuo)。為避免(mian)出現這(zhe)種(zhong)情況(kuang)，應(ying)拆去一根接地線(xian)，使兩(liang)(liang)臺變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器共用(yong)一個接地極(ji)。此外(wai)，當同(tong)一變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器通過兩(liang)(liang)條并聯(lian)(lian)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)(lu)對同(tong)一負載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，由于兩(liang)(liang)個分(fen)(fen)支的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)完全(quan)相(xiang)等(deng)，在回(hui)(hui)路(lu)(lu)中也(ye)會(hui)形成環(huan)流(liu)，引(yin)起(qi)(qi)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)(lu)中的漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu)器誤(wu)動作(zuo)。在這(zhe)種(zhong)情況(kuang)下，應(ying)將負荷分(fen)(fen)成兩(liang)(liang)組，分(fen)(fen)別由兩(liang)(liang)個支路(lu)(lu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，盡量避免(mian)兩(liang)(liang)臺漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu)器并聯(lian)(lian)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)。

6、水銀(yin)燈(deng)和熒光燈(deng)回(hui)路的影響

當水(shui)銀燈(deng)或(huo)熒(ying)光燈(deng)與其(qi)鎮流(liu)器(qi)分開安裝時，由于燈(deng)與鎮流(liu)器(qi)的(de)距離大，對地電(dian)(dian)容(rong)較(jiao)大，而燈(deng)管電(dian)(dian)壓又是高頻波，對地容(rong)抗小，因此(ci)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)增大。若回路中這(zhe)種燈(deng)較(jiao)多，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)就會引起漏電(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器(qi)誤動作。此(ci)時應減少回路中水(shui)銀燈(deng)或(huo)熒(ying)光燈(deng)的(de)數(shu)量，縮短燈(deng)與鎮流(liu)器(qi)的(de)距離，或(huo)者采用(yong)一、二次(ci)側絕緣(yuan)的(de)鎮流(liu)器(qi)，而不采用(yong)自耦式鎮流(liu)器(qi)。

7、過載和短路的(de)影響

當漏電保護器兼有過(guo)電流(liu)保護、短路(lu)(lu)保護時，常因過(guo)電流(liu)短路(lu)(lu)保護脫扣器的電流(liu)整定不當(dang)而引起漏電保護器誤動(dong)作(zuo)。為此，應重(zhong)新(xin)整定過(guo)電流(liu)保護裝置的動(dong)作(zuo)電流(liu)，使其與工作(zuo)電流(liu)相匹配。