一、煤礦必須用礦用電纜嗎

礦用電纜一般都是阻燃防爆(bao)的(de)，礦井上使用(yong)的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)都必(bi)須(xu)是防爆(bao)電(dian)纜(lan)，而且電(dian)纜(lan)必(bi)須(xu)有(you)相應的(de)煤(mei)(mei)礦安全(quan)證書(shu)，如煤(mei)(mei)礦安全(quan)中心頒發的(de)MA煤(mei)(mei)安標證書(shu)。選(xuan)購煤(mei)(mei)礦用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)必(bi)須(xu)從具備煤(mei)(mei)礦防爆(bao)資質(zhi)證書(shu)的(de)廠家直接(jie)選(xuan)購。

二、煤礦用電纜怎么敷設

礦(kuang)用電纜的(de)(de)敷設必須符(fu)合《煤礦(kuang)安全規(gui)程》的(de)(de)有關規(gui)定。具體要(yao)求(qiu)如(ru)下：

1、電纜敷設路徑的選擇

為降(jiang)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的投資(zi)和線路(lu)上(shang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、功(gong)率損失，電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的路(lu)徑應(ying)盡(jin)可能短(duan)。但是為安全(quan)起見，在總回風(feng)巷(xiang)(xiang)和專(zhuan)用回風(feng)巷(xiang)(xiang)中，由于瓦斯和煤(mei)(mei)塵(chen)濃度較高不(bu)應(ying)敷設(she)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，以(yi)防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)短(duan)路(lu)或漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)火花(hua)引(yin)燃引(yin)爆瓦斯、煤(mei)(mei)塵(chen)；在溜放(fang)煤(mei)(mei)、矸石、材料(liao)的溜道(dao)中嚴禁敷設(she)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，以(yi)防止(zhi)溜放(fang)物砸傷電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)；在機械(xie)提升的進風(feng)斜井(jing)（不(bu)包(bao)括輸送機上(shang)、下山）和使用木(mu)支(zhi)架的立(li)井(jing)井(jing)筒中，敷設(she)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)時(shi)必(bi)須(xu)有可靠的安全(quan)措施，以(yi)防提升機械(xie)掉道(dao)軋(ya)傷電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)引(yin)燃木(mu)支(zhi)架。

2、電纜的敷設方式及要求

在水平巷道和傾角在30度以下的井巷中電纜應用吊鉤懸掛（與手持式和移動式設備聯結的電纜除外）。電纜的懸掛間距不得超過3米，并保證電纜的懸(xuan)掛(gua)有適當(dang)的松(song)馳度(du)，在意外受(shou)力時有緩沖(chong)作(zuo)用且能自(zi)由(you)墜(zhui)落(luo)。電(dian)纜(lan)的懸(xuan)掛(gua)高度(du)應保證礦車掉道時不(bu)(bu)受(shou)撞擊(ji)，電(dian)纜(lan)墜(zhui)落(luo)時不(bu)(bu)落(luo)在軌道和(he)輸(shu)送機(ji)上。電(dian)纜(lan)穿(chuan)墻部分應用套管保護(hu)并嚴密封堵管口(kou)。

在立井井筒和傾角在30度及(ji)其以上(shang)的(de)井巷中，應用夾(jia)子、卡(ka)箍或(huo)其它夾(jia)持裝(zhuang)置固定電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。夾(jia)持裝(zhuang)置應承受電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)重量，但不得(de)損傷電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)懸掛間距在平巷或(huo)斜巷內不得(de)超過(guo)3米(mi)，在立井井筒內不得(de)超過(guo)6米(mi)。

立井(jing)井(jing)筒中所用(yong)的(de)電(dian)纜中間(jian)不得有接(jie)(jie)頭。因(yin)井(jing)筒太深需要設置(zhi)接(jie)(jie)頭時，應(ying)(ying)(ying)將接(jie)(jie)頭設置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)中間(jian)水(shui)平巷(xiang)道內。無中間(jian)水(shui)平巷(xiang)道可(ke)利用(yong)時，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)井(jing)筒中設置(zhi)接(jie)(jie)線盒(he)(he)，接(jie)(jie)線盒(he)(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)放置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)托架(jia)上，不應(ying)(ying)(ying)使接(jie)(jie)頭承受重力。

沿鉆孔敷設的電纜必須綁緊在鋼絲繩上，鉆孔必須加裝套管。向采(cai)掘機組等(deng)移(yi)動工作設備(bei)供(gong)電的電纜(lan)可盤圈或(huo)盤８字形帶電，放在電纜(lan)車上隨設備(bei)的移(yi)動而收(shou)放。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)不得(de)(de)遭受淋(lin)水，應(ying)(ying)懸掛(gua)在(zai)風管(guan)和水管(guan)的上(shang)方(fang)，并保持0.3米以(yi)上(shang)的距離。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)必(bi)須與瓦(wa)斯(si)抽放管(guan)路(lu)分放在(zai)巷(xiang)(xiang)道(dao)兩側，以(yi)防止瓦(wa)斯(si)管(guan)路(lu)破損(sun)同(tong)時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)故障產生的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)火花引爆(bao)瓦(wa)斯(si)。通訊和信(xin)號電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)應(ying)(ying)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)分掛(gua)在(zai)井(jing)巷(xiang)(xiang)兩側，以(yi)防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的強磁場(chang)對通訊信(xin)號的干(gan)擾，如果受條件限(xian)制(zhi)：在(zai)井(jing)筒(tong)內應(ying)(ying)敷(fu)設(she)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)0.3米以(yi)外的地方(fang)；在(zai)巷(xiang)(xiang)道(dao)內應(ying)(ying)敷(fu)設(she)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)上(shang)方(fang)0.1米以(yi)上(shang)的地方(fang)。高(gao)、低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)敷(fu)設(she)在(zai)巷(xiang)(xiang)道(dao)同(tong)一(yi)側時，高(gao)、低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)之(zhi)間的距離應(ying)(ying)大(da)于0.1米，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)之(zhi)間、低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)之(zhi)間不得(de)(de)小(xiao)于50毫米。

電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)上嚴禁懸(xuan)掛任何物件，但井下巷(xiang)道內(nei)的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，沿線(xian)每隔一(yi)定距(ju)離、拐(guai)彎或分支點以(yi)及(ji)連(lian)接不同(tong)直徑(jing)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)接線(xian)盒兩端、穿(chuan)墻(qiang)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)墻(qiang)的(de)兩邊都應設置注有編(bian)號、用途、電(dian)壓和截面的(de)標志牌。