一、電池管理系統為什么要進行均衡管理
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理(li)系(xi)統是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)甚至是整個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車的核心電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控部件(jian),對提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的安全性,延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用壽命,提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組的有效儲能,估算電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)具有重要意義。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理(li)系(xi)統一般要求均衡管理(li),這是為什么(me)呢(ni)?
其(qi)(qi)實,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池管理系統之(zhi)所以(yi)需要進行均衡管理,是(shi)(shi)因(yin)為(wei)BMS是(shi)(shi)遵循短板效(xiao)應的,因(yin)為(wei)某(mou)一節電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓比較低會(hui)導致(zhi)SOX的估(gu)算(suan)直接不準,明(ming)明(ming)其(qi)(qi)他電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯還(huan)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian),但是(shi)(shi)確有(you)勁無處使,對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池包的影(ying)響(xiang)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)非常大的。
動(dong)力電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)制作過程(cheng)中,各(ge)個(ge)電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部存在(zai)不一致性,在(zai)使(shi)用過程(cheng)中很容易造成電(dian)池(chi)的過快損(sun)耗,所(suo)以在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)的內(nei)部需要均(jun)衡管理系統。
二、電池管理系統均衡管理方法有哪些
電池管理系統均衡(heng)管理方法主要有被動(dong)均衡(heng)和主動(dong)均衡(heng)兩種:
1、被動均衡
一般采用旁路(lu)放(fang)電(dian)阻(zu)實現(xian)對(dui)高(gao)能量(liang)的(de)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)使(shi)其跟模(mo)塊中(zhong)具有最(zui)小(xiao)電(dian)量(liang)的(de)單體保持一致,該方案結構簡單,容易實現(xian),但由于(yu)每(mei)個單體并(bing)聯一個放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)阻(zu),從而(er)損耗電(dian)能并(bing)產生熱(re)量(liang),給(gei)電(dian)池(chi)系(xi)統熱(re)管(guan)理(li)提出了更高(gao)的(de)要求(qiu)。
2、主動均衡
通過儲(chu)能原(yuan)件實現不(bu)均衡電池間(jian)的能量(liang)轉移。該類方案普遍結構復雜(za),硬(ying)件成本高(gao)(gao),對系(xi)統的可靠(kao)性設計也提出了較高(gao)(gao)的要求;但其能量(liang)利(li)用率較高(gao)(gao),是目(mu)前(qian)電池單體均衡研究的一個熱點。