金秀(xiu)八角(jiao),主產于廣西來賓市金秀(xiu)瑤族(zu)自(zi)治縣的(de)羅香、金秀(xiu)、長垌、忠良、六(liu)巷、大(da)樟(zhang)等鄉(xiang)鎮,以色(se)紅味香而著稱。民國2年(nian)(1913年(nian))李子端、李子其、李喬(qiao)云等人(ren)由外(wai)地(di)引進(jin)縣內種(zhong)植。
八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)屬(shu)于雙子葉(xie)植物(wu),喬木,葉(xie)革質(zhi)或(huo)厚革質(zhi),倒卵狀橢(tuo)圓形(xing)或(huo)倒披(pi)針形(xing),葉(xie)面深(shen)綠色(se),有光(guang)(guang)澤,在陽光(guang)(guang)透視(shi)下(xia)可(ke)見密布小(xiao)油點。花粉紅(hong)或(huo)深(shen)紅(hong)色(se),具(ju)不明(ming)顯的半透明(ming)腺點。聚合果多為八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing),很少(shao)為五角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)或(huo)六角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing),飽滿平直,先(xian)端鈍(dun)或(huo)鈍(dun)尖,種子棕色(se),有光(guang)(guang)澤。
1、八(ba)角(jiao)果實(shi)為(wei)調味香(xiang)(xiang)料(liao),葉、果可(ke)(ke)蒸芳香(xiang)(xiang)油,稱八(ba)角(jiao)茴香(xiang)(xiang)油,可(ke)(ke)用(yong)于制(zhi)造甜香(xiang)(xiang)酒、啤酒、牙(ya)膏、香(xiang)(xiang)皂、香(xiang)(xiang)水、化妝品的香(xiang)(xiang)料(liao),也是(shi)合成雌(ci)(ci)激素己烷雌(ci)(ci)酚的原料(liao)。還可(ke)(ke)用(yong)于采水晶礦工業上。
2、中國八角出口占世界(jie)市場的80%以上。八角木材(cai)紅褐色(se),紋理(li)直,結構細致,質輕軟,有香(xiang)味,抗蟲害,供作家具、箱板、玩具、細木工(gong)用材(cai)。
3、八角油又稱(cheng)茴油,是從(cong)枝葉或果實中(zhong)經(jing)(jing)水蒸汽蒸餾提取的芳香油,其主要成分是茴香腦(nao)(nao),約占85%—95%,是制甜香酒及(ji)食品工業的重要原料,再經(jing)(jing)深加(jia)工可得茴香腦(nao)(nao)、茴香醇和(he)茴香精等系列(lie)產(chan)品,可作香料和(he)藥品的原料及(ji)工業上的添(tian)加(jia)劑、涂料填充(chong)劑。
提高八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)單位(wei)產(chan)量(liang),促進農(nong)村經濟產(chan)業化發展和增(zeng)加農(nong)民收入,金秀(xiu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)組織質(zhi)監(jian)、林業、科技(ji)(ji)等部門的技(ji)(ji)術人員編寫八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)地方標(biao)(biao)準《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)育苗(miao)技(ji)(ji)術規(gui)程》《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)栽培技(ji)(ji)術規(gui)程》《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)病蟲害防治規(gui)程》《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)果采收及加工技(ji)(ji)術規(gui)程》,并通(tong)過自治區專(zhuan)家組評審通(tong)過,截至(zhi)目前(qian),金秀(xiu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)實施八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)標(biao)(biao)準化面(mian)積達1.91萬公(gong)(gong)頃,占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)總面(mian)積的80%。同(tong)時,該(gai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)還加強了技(ji)(ji)術跟(gen)蹤服(fu)務,大面(mian)積進行八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)低產(chan)改造(zao)。金秀(xiu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)已實施八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)低林改造(zao)6670多(duo)公(gong)(gong)頃。實施標(biao)(biao)準化生產(chan)和低產(chan)林改造(zao)后,八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)鮮果每公(gong)(gong)頃產(chan)量(liang)達到了7455公(gong)(gong)斤,較以(yi)前(qian)提高了2700多(duo)公(gong)(gong)斤,經濟效益明(ming)顯提高。