貢(gong)(gong)山(shan)八角(Illicium wardii A. C. Sm.)五味(wei)子科八角屬植物。貢(gong)(gong)山(shan)八角是(shi)哪里產的?貢(gong)(gong)山(shan)八角主要產于云南(nan)西北部貢(gong)(gong)山(shan)、瀘水。生于海(hai)拔1 800-2 700米的山(shan)地林內或溝邊。緬甸也有分布(bu)。貢(gong)(gong)山(shan)八角密(mi)集(ji)生于葉(xie)柄之間,果梗長8-15毫米,蓇(gu)葖12-13枚,漸尖頭明顯(xian)變狹,花(hua)期3月(yue),果期7-9月(yue)。
小喬木(mu),高(gao)可達(da)10米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。芽(ya)鱗長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。葉(xie)近對生或(huo)3-4片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)簇生,革質(zhi),狹長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)狀(zhuang)橢圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)8-12厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)2.5-5厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端驟尖(jian)(jian)或(huo)短漸尖(jian)(jian),基部急(ji)尖(jian)(jian);中脈在(zai)葉(xie)面(mian)下(xia)(xia)陷,在(zai)葉(xie)下(xia)(xia)面(mian)突起(qi),側脈每邊8-13條,在(zai)上面(mian)下(xia)(xia)陷或(huo)平坦,在(zai)葉(xie)下(xia)(xia)面(mian)隆起(qi)或(huo)稍突起(qi);葉(xie)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)12-20毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直徑(jing)1-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。花(hua)(hua)淡(dan)黃色到(dao)白色,也有略帶粉紅色的,芳香,腋生,密集生于葉(xie)柄之間。花(hua)(hua)梗(geng)在(zai)花(hua)(hua)期長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)6-10毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直徑(jing)通常(chang)1.8-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);花(hua)(hua)被(bei)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)27-30片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),外面(mian)1-2枚(mei),薄(bo)紙質(zhi),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)10-11毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)6-8毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。最大的花(hua)(hua)被(bei)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)膜(mo)質(zhi),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)狀(zhuang)舌(she)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)14-17(-21)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)2.5-4.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),內層花(hua)(hua)被(bei)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)15-17片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian),舌(she)狀(zhuang)披針形(xing)(xing)(xing);雄蕊常(chang)3輪,28-35枚(mei),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3.5-4.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),花(hua)(hua)絲舌(she)狀(zhuang),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1.5-2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),花(hua)(hua)藥長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1.9-2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),藥隔鈍,驟尖(jian)(jian);心皮12-13枚(mei),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4-6毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),子(zi)房(fang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1.5-2毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),花(hua)(hua)柱(zhu)鉆形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.3-4毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。果梗(geng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)8-15毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),蓇葖12-13枚(mei),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)25-28毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)10-11毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),厚(hou)2-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),漸尖(jian)(jian)頭明顯變狹,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)10-15毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。花(hua)(hua)期3月,果期7-9月。
通過對采自于云南怒江高黎貢山八角果實進行分(fen)離純化,得到了(le)7個(ge)化合物(wu),并(bing)采用理化性質分(fen)析和光譜分(fen)析等手段確定其化學結構。
貢山八角(jiao)果實中的7個化合物是β-谷甾醇、胡蘿卜苷、烏(wu)索(suo)酸、4,12-Di-O-methylillicinone C、11-Epi-illicinoneE、槲皮素、莽草(cao)酸。
該研究為進一步開發云南省的野生植物資源,尋找(zhao)野生八角更(geng)多具有(you)生物活性的化(hua)學(xue)成分(fen)提(ti)供了依據。