芒果视频下载

黃草壩上的黃草

興義(yi)，原(yuan)名(ming)黃(huang)(huang)草(cao)壩(ba)（金釵石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)），因盛產(chan)(chan)(chan)黃(huang)(huang)草(cao)而得名(ming)。解放(fang)前，興義(yi)市(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)收購(gou)的(de)最高年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)達35擔（每(mei)擔約(yue)50kg）。黃(huang)(huang)草(cao)，在(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)學上(shang)屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)蘭科(ke)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)屬(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)屬(shu)(shu)是蘭科(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)一個大家族，全(quan)世界約(yue)產(chan)(chan)(chan)1000種(zhong)，廣(guang)泛分(fen)(fen)(fen)布于(yu)亞洲熱帶和亞熱帶地區至(zhi)大洋洲。中(zhong)(zhong)國產(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)屬(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)75種(zhong)2變(bian)種(zhong)，主產(chan)(chan)(chan)秦嶺以南諸省區，尤以云南南部種(zhong)類(lei)最多(duo)。貴州省經過多(duo)年(nian)的(de)調查研究統計，全(quan)省產(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)屬(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)22種(zhong)1變(bian)種(zhong)，黔西(xi)南產(chan)(chan)(chan)19種(zhong)，興義(yi)市(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)16種(zhong)以上(shang)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)是細葉石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、羅河石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、疊(die)鞘(qiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、流蘇石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、束花(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、紫(zi)瓣(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、美花(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、齒瓣(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、兜唇石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、玫瑰(gui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、鐵皮(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、盤江石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、鉤狀石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、勐海石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、重唇石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)、細莖(jing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)等種(zhong)類(lei)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)屬(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)按照莖(jing)的(de)粗細不同被加工(gong)成中(zhong)(zhong)藥材后(hou)，民間常分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)大黃(huang)(huang)草(cao)、中(zhong)(zhong)黃(huang)(huang)草(cao)和小黃(huang)(huang)草(cao)，每(mei)一類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)都有(you)多(duo)種(zhong)原(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)。

解放(fang)后(hou)，1951年收購的黃(huang)草達30多(duo)擔(dan)，1964年上升到(dao)50多(duo)擔(dan)，“文化(hua)大(da)革命”期間年收購量(liang)(liang)為(wei)20多(duo)擔(dan)。在二(er)(er)十(shi)世(shi)紀的六、七十(shi)年代，據有(you)關人(ren)士介(jie)紹興(xing)義的石斛(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)隨(sui)處可(ke)見，到(dao)二(er)(er)十(shi)世(shi)紀八十(shi)年代石斛(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)在自然(ran)(ran)界(jie)中仍然(ran)(ran)可(ke)以(yi)找(zhao)到(dao)，并(bing)有(you)初步的人(ren)工栽(zai)培，進入二(er)(er)十(shi)世(shi)紀八十(shi)年代后(hou)期，由于石斛(hu)用途的拓展，新藥的開發，石斛(hu)的市場(chang)需求量(liang)(liang)加大(da)，各地(di)均在市場(chang)經濟的沖擊下(xia)進行(xing)大(da)量(liang)(liang)收購，由于帶兜(dou)采(cai)集等(deng)不(bu)合理(li)的采(cai)收方式，野(ye)生石斛(hu)資(zi)源急(ji)劇下(xia)降，造成資(zi)源快(kuai)速瀕危，首先是黑節草（鐵皮石斛(hu)）告急(ji)，其(qi)次是金釵石斛(hu)（石斛(hu)）在興(xing)義消失蹤(zong)跡，再就是小黃(huang)草（美花石斛(hu)、粉花石斛(hu)）罕(han)見。黃(huang)草原植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)一種一種地(di)變為(wei)瀕危植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)種，以(yi)至被列入國(guo)際(ji)瀕危植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)（禁止貿(mao)易）的名單及(ji)“國(guo)家重點保護野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)名錄”中。