芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

特定的(de)地(di)理環(huan)境和(he)資源(yuan)優勢(shi)及特殊種(zhong)植模式決(jue)定了莒(ju)(ju)(ju)縣綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍的(de)獨(du)特、優良(liang)(liang)品質(zhi)。莒(ju)(ju)(ju)縣綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍粗細(xi)均勻、顏色嫩綠(lv)、包頭緊實(shi)、風味獨(du)特、口味鮮美、營養豐富含有(you)(you)人(ren)體必需的(de)多種(zhong)氨基酸(suan)、組織蛋(dan)(dan)白、蘆(lu)丁、膽(dan)堿、葉酸(suan)等物(wu)質(zhi)以及硒(xi)、鉬、鉻、錳(meng)等微量素。據醫學專家論證硒(xi)、錳(meng)具有(you)(you)抑(yi)制和(he)抗癌作用組織蛋(dan)(dan)白可(ke)控制癌細(xi)胞生長蘆(lu)筍對(dui)多種(zhong)癌變、心(xin)臟(zang)病、高(gao)血壓(ya)、水腫、心(xin)動過速、疲勞癥(zheng)、支氣管炎、膀胱炎等多種(zhong)疾病具有(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)好的(de)療效(xiao)。食(shi)用蘆(lu)筍可(ke)提高(gao)免疫(yi)力增強食(shi)欲有(you)(you)利于(yu)增強體質(zhi)蘆(lu)筍深(shen)受國(guo)內外(wai)客戶的(de)歡迎莒(ju)(ju)(ju)縣綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍憑借(jie)優良(liang)(liang)產品品質(zhi)在經初(chu)加(jia)工后已多年遠(yuan)銷歐(ou)盟、、韓國(guo)、新(xin)加(jia)坡、香港等多個國(guo)家和(he)地(di)區廣受消費(fei)者青睞。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）光(guang)(guang)熱情況(kuang)：莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)緯(wei)度(du)(du)(du)(du)地(di)(di)(di)帶，屬(shu)于暖溫(wen)(wen)帶季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風區(qu)大(da)陸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)，四季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)明，光(guang)(guang)照充(chong)足(zu)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)適宜。主要(yao)特征是：春(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)和，風多(duo)雨(yu)(yu)少(shao)；夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)炎熱，雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；秋季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)涼(liang)爽，少(shao)雨(yu)(yu)干旱(han)；冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)寒(han)冷，雨(yu)(yu)雪(xue)稀少(shao)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)作物(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節，光(guang)(guang)照充(chong)足(zu)，熱量(liang)(liang)(liang)和降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)都(dou)較豐(feng)富(fu)；但(dan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)個(ge)(ge)別(bie)年(nian)(nian)(nian)份，也(ye)出現旱(han)澇、低(di)溫(wen)(wen)等(deng)災(zai)害性(xing)天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。據統(tong)計資(zi)料顯(xian)示(shi)，莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)12.1℃，全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照時數2485.6小(xiao)時，無霜(shuang)期184天(tian)(tian)，農耕期280.6天(tian)(tian)，大(da)于0℃的(de)積溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)4664.2℃，大(da)于10℃的(de)積溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)4181.8℃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)901.33mm，多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)面溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)14.3℃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓為(wei)(wei)(wei)1004.6百帕(pa)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)風速為(wei)(wei)(wei)2.7m/s，境內年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)相(xiang)對(dui)濕度(du)(du)(du)(du)72%，歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)蒸發(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1617.9mm，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)凍(dong)(dong)結(jie)期為(wei)(wei)(wei)57天(tian)(tian)，最大(da)凍(dong)(dong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)深度(du)(du)(du)(du)37cm，能(neng)(neng)夠滿足(zu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植業不同(tong)輪(lun)作制度(du)(du)(du)(du)生(sheng)產的(de)需要(yao)。 （2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang)：莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)屬(shu)淮河(he)流域，境內有(you)沭(shu)河(he)和濰河(he)兩(liang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)10km以上的(de)有(you)鶴河(he)、小(xiao)店河(he)等(deng)26條主要(yao)支流，境內水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利條件(jian) 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人民共(gong)和國農業部(bu)(bu)(bu) 公布(bu)(bu) 優越，地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)豐(feng)富(fu)，地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)2.25億m3，清(qing)潔無污(wu)染。農田排灌(guan)設施配(pei)套，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)清(qing)澈，達到(dao)了旱(han)能(neng)(neng)澆(jiao)、澇能(neng)(neng)排。符(fu)合莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)綠(lv)蘆筍(sun)生(sheng)產基地(di)(di)(di)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)標(biao)準(zhun)。 （3）土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌情況(kuang)：莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)四周(zhou)山丘環繞，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)和洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)交接，南(nan)北長(chang)75.6km，大(da)小(xiao)山頭450余座(zuo)，大(da)多(duo)呈南(nan)北走向，東有(you)屋樓崮、嶠子山，海拔600m左(zuo)右(you)，西有(you)洛山、浮來(lai)山，海拔200m，南(nan)有(you)馬亓(qi)山老營(ying)頂，海拔都(dou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)600m左(zuo)右(you)，北有(you)棋山、金華山等(deng)，海拔400m以上，天(tian)(tian)然形成四周(zhou)高、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間低(di)，南(nan)北狹長(chang)的(de)長(chang)槽地(di)(di)(di)形，沿沭(shu)河(he)兩(liang)岸為(wei)(wei)(wei)沖積平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)區(qu)。莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、塘壩(ba)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)四周(zhou)山丘地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)，山區(qu)、丘陵(ling)、平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)各占(zhan)三分(fen)之一(yi)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)共(gong)有(you)棕壤(rang)、褐土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮(chao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和砂姜黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)5個(ge)(ge)大(da)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類、12個(ge)(ge)亞類、13個(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬(shu)、93個(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。域內平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)主要(yao)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)且(qie)境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)沿沭(shu)河(he)及(ji)其支流兩(liang)側(ce)的(de)狹長(chang)地(di)(di)(di)帶，面積495平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里(li)，占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)總(zong)面積的(de)25.4%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)沖積洪積層，表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)多(duo)系壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。地(di)(di)(di)勢平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)坦，坡(po)度(du)(du)(du)(du)小(xiao)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)屬(shu)河(he)潮(chao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)儲量(liang)(liang)(liang)豐(feng)富(fu)，埋(mai)深1-3米。低(di)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)低(di)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)大(da)都(dou)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)于莒城周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)城陽、陵(ling)陽、浮來(lai)山、閻莊、劉家官莊、嶠山、招賢、店子集(ji)、墩頭等(deng)鄉鎮(zhen)的(de)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)帶，為(wei)(wei)(wei)沖積物(wu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬(shu)，面積46.25平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里(li)，占(zhan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)源(yuan)面積的(de)9%，占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)總(zong)面積的(de)2.3%。根據《小(xiao)店鎮(zhen)志》記載在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上世(shi)紀80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)就有(you)栽(zai)植綠(lv)蘆筍(sun)的(de)歷史。建國以來(lai)，莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)人民發(fa)揮地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)優勢，從(cong)綠(lv)蘆筍(sun)的(de)引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、栽(zai)培到(dao)貯(zhu)藏加工等(deng)一(yi)系列生(sheng)產過程，積累了豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)實踐(jian)經驗。

三.地域范圍

莒縣綠蘆筍主要分布在莒縣小店(dian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、嶠山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、閻莊鎮(zhen)(zhen)、龍山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、店(dian)子集(ji)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、洛(luo)河鎮(zhen)(zhen)、招賢鎮(zhen)(zhen)、劉官莊鎮(zhen)(zhen)、城陽街道等(deng)十二個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)（街道），地理坐(zuo)標為東經118°42′～119°15′，北緯(wei)35°21′～35°34′；地域保(bao)護(hu)總面(mian)積(ji)9000公(gong)頃(qing)。年總產量(liang)4.5萬噸(dun)。

四.產品品質特性特征

（1）外在感(gan)官特(te)(te)征(zheng)：具有本(ben)地(di)綠(lv)蘆筍(sun)的(de)自然特(te)(te)征(zheng)，粗細均勻、顏色嫩綠(lv)、包頭緊實、營養豐(feng)富(fu)等特(te)(te)定品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)。 （2）內在品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao)：莒縣綠(lv)蘆筍(sun)嫩莖，每100g中蛋白(bai)質(zhi)≥2.5g%，粗纖維≦1.3%，Vc≥18mg/100g，Se≥0.006mg/kg,Mg≥13mg/100g,Ca≥13mg/100g,k≥205mg/100g。素有“蔬(shu)菜之王”的(de)美譽(yu)。 （3）質(zhi)量安(an)全要(yao)求：莒縣綠(lv)蘆筍(sun)種植生(sheng)產(chan)應嚴格執行日照市(shi)《綠(lv)蘆筍(sun)無公害(hai)生(sheng)產(chan)技術(shu)規程》( DB 3711/T 68—2015)。

五.特定生產方式

（1）產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)要(yao)求與特(te)殊內(nei)容規(gui)定 莒(ju)縣綠蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)于(yu)莒(ju)縣小店鎮(zhen)(zhen)，地(di)(di)域分(fen)(fen)布北(bei)至(zhi)洛河鎮(zhen)(zhen)，南至(zhi)小店鎮(zhen)(zhen)，東至(zhi)龍(long)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)，西至(zhi)劉官(guan)莊鎮(zhen)(zhen)，共涉及(ji)12個鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境質量(liang)符合(he)(he)無公害食(shi)品(pin)環(huan)境技術(shu)條(tiao)件(jian)要(yao)求。 （2）品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇與特(te)性(xing)要(yao)求 根據莒(ju)縣土壤條(tiao)件(jian)、氣候條(tiao)件(jian)、技術(shu)條(tiao)件(jian)及(ji)市場要(yao)求，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)著眼于(yu)供需關系(xi)，并(bing)考慮到綠蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)的(de)加工、儲藏、運輸、出口燈(deng)性(xing)質要(yao)求，在(zai)(zai)原(yuan)有(you)二代綠蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)基礎上(shang)，選(xuan)育(yu)引(yin)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)批適(shi)(shi)宜(yi)我縣自(zi)然條(tiao)件(jian)，具有(you)豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、質優和抗逆性(xing)強等特(te)點的(de)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。通過近幾年的(de)引(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)、試驗 示(shi)范，適(shi)(shi)宜(yi)的(de)優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)：國產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)雜交一(yi)(yi)代品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)等。 （3）生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) ①土壤管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)園(yuan)的(de)土壤管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)措施(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)包括：栽植前(qian)深耕(geng)改土、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)期隴上(shang)培土、春夏(xia)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)中耕(geng)松土等措施(shi)。 ②科學(xue)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。重點推廣(guang)冬春行間施(shi)用(yong)(yong)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，畝(mu)施(shi)5000公斤。春季(ji)采前(qian)、留(liu)(liu)夏(xia)田莖(jing)(jing)(jing)之前(qian)及(ji)留(liu)(liu)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)田莖(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)，三次追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)及(ji)生(sheng)物(wu)菌(jun)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，并(bing)于(yu)留(liu)(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)之后適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)行葉面追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 ③適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灌溉(gai)、及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)排(pai)澇(lao)(lao)。蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耐旱怕澇(lao)(lao)，根據其生(sheng)長特(te)性(xing)及(ji)降水情況(kuang)，結(jie)合(he)(he)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，每年春秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)各澆(jiao)水一(yi)(yi)次，干(gan)旱年份可(ke)(ke)多澆(jiao)，保持田間持水量(liang)60-70%。夏(xia)季(ji)降水多時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應注意(yi)排(pai)澇(lao)(lao)，以(yi)防(fang)止死株(zhu)或(huo)造成病(bing)害蔓延。 ④適(shi)(shi)期留(liu)(liu)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)。適(shi)(shi)度(du)摘心打(da)頂(ding)。莒(ju)縣綠蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)采取(qu)春筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)和夏(xia)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)，全年分(fen)(fen)兩次留(liu)(liu)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)，夏(xia)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)宜(yi)在(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)20日到6月(yue)(yue)1日間留(liu)(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)，每墩留(liu)(liu)2-3株(zhu)，留(liu)(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)打(da)頂(ding)高度(du)宜(yi)在(zai)(zai)1.2米(mi)；秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)宜(yi)在(zai)(zai)8月(yue)(yue)底到9月(yue)(yue)初，每墩留(liu)(liu)4-5株(zhu)，留(liu)(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)打(da)頂(ding)高度(du)1.2-1.5米(mi)。 ⑤病(bing)蟲害防(fang)治。積極貫(guan)徹“預(yu)防(fang)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、綜合(he)(he)防(fang)治”的(de)植保方(fang)針，多采用(yong)(yong)人工、物(wu)理(li)(li)、生(sheng)物(wu)措施(shi)控制(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)蟲害，減少(shao)化學(xue)農藥(yao)用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)次數，充分(fen)(fen)保護天敵，嚴禁使用(yong)(yong)高毒(du)、高殘留(liu)(liu)農藥(yao)，推廣(guang)使用(yong)(yong)殺蟲燈(deng)、粘蟲板，使用(yong)(yong)低(di)毒(du)、低(di)殘留(liu)(liu)農藥(yao)或(huo)生(sheng)物(wu)農藥(yao)，生(sheng)長季(ji)節噴(pen)藥(yao)次數控制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)8次左(zuo)右(you)。 ⑥產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)采割及(ji)運輸。綠蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)采割使用(yong)(yong)刀(dao)具在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)下(xia)1-5厘(li)米(mi)處(chu)割斷嫩莖(jing)(jing)(jing)，一(yi)(yi)般在(zai)(zai)上(shang)午10時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)到下(xia)午4時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，嫩莖(jing)(jing)(jing)長度(du)一(yi)(yi)般在(zai)(zai)20-25厘(li)米(mi)，采收之后，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)頭進(jin)行初步分(fen)(fen)級，經(jing)分(fen)(fen)級后可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)稻(dao)草或(huo)尼龍(long)繩(sheng)捆扎(zha)，站立(li)于(yu)塑料筐內(nei)，12小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之內(nei)運到加工廠(chang)進(jin)行加工。 （4）生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記錄要(yao)求 莒(ju)縣綠蘆(lu)(lu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)全過程要(yao)建立(li)田間生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)檔案，肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料、農藥(yao)使用(yong)(yong)檔案、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷情況(kuang)記錄檔案，全面記載(zai)并(bing)妥善保存，以(yi)備查閱(yue)。