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一.產品介紹

特(te)定的(de)(de)地(di)理環境(jing)和資源優(you)勢及特(te)殊種(zhong)植模式(shi)決定了莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)綠(lv)蘆(lu)(lu)(lu)筍(sun)的(de)(de)獨特(te)、優(you)良品質(zhi)。莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)綠(lv)蘆(lu)(lu)(lu)筍(sun)粗細均勻、顏色嫩(nen)綠(lv)、包頭緊實、風味獨特(te)、口味鮮美、營(ying)養(yang)豐富含有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)體必需的(de)(de)多種(zhong)氨基(ji)酸、組織(zhi)蛋(dan)(dan)白、蘆(lu)(lu)(lu)丁、膽堿、葉(xie)酸等物質(zhi)以及硒(xi)、鉬、鉻、錳(meng)(meng)等微量素(su)。據醫學專家論(lun)證硒(xi)、錳(meng)(meng)具有(you)(you)(you)抑制和抗癌作用(yong)組織(zhi)蛋(dan)(dan)白可控制癌細胞生長蘆(lu)(lu)(lu)筍(sun)對多種(zhong)癌變、心(xin)(xin)臟病、高(gao)(gao)血壓、水腫、心(xin)(xin)動過速、疲(pi)勞癥(zheng)、支氣管(guan)炎、膀(bang)胱炎等多種(zhong)疾病具有(you)(you)(you)良好的(de)(de)療效(xiao)。食用(yong)蘆(lu)(lu)(lu)筍(sun)可提高(gao)(gao)免疫力(li)增(zeng)強食欲有(you)(you)(you)利于增(zeng)強體質(zhi)蘆(lu)(lu)(lu)筍(sun)深(shen)受國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外(wai)客戶的(de)(de)歡迎莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)綠(lv)蘆(lu)(lu)(lu)筍(sun)憑借(jie)優(you)良產(chan)品品質(zhi)在經初加工(gong)后已多年遠(yuan)銷(xiao)歐盟、、韓國(guo)(guo)(guo)、新(xin)加坡、香港等多個國(guo)(guo)(guo)家和地(di)區廣受消(xiao)費者青睞。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）光熱情(qing)況：莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處中緯(wei)度(du)(du)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，屬(shu)于暖溫帶季(ji)風區大(da)陸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)明(ming)，光照(zhao)充(chong)(chong)足(zu)，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)適宜。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)特征是：春季(ji)溫和(he)，風多雨少；夏季(ji)炎熱，雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)集中；秋季(ji)涼爽(shuang)，少雨干(gan)旱；冬季(ji)寒冷(leng)，雨雪稀少。全(quan)年(nian)在(zai)作物生(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)節(jie)，光照(zhao)充(chong)(chong)足(zu)，熱量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)都(dou)較豐富；但在(zai)個別年(nian)份，也出(chu)現旱澇(lao)、低(di)(di)溫等(deng)災害性(xing)天氣(qi)(qi)。據統計資(zi)料顯示(shi)，莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)多年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫12.1℃，全(quan)年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時數2485.6小時，無霜期(qi)184天，農耕(geng)期(qi)280.6天，大(da)于0℃的(de)積(ji)(ji)(ji)溫為(wei)4664.2℃，大(da)于10℃的(de)積(ji)(ji)(ji)溫為(wei)4181.8℃，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)901.33mm，多年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)溫度(du)(du)為(wei)14.3℃，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)壓為(wei)1004.6百帕，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)風速為(wei)2.7m/s，境(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)相對濕度(du)(du)72%，歷(li)年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)蒸發量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)1617.9mm，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)凍(dong)結期(qi)為(wei)57天，最大(da)凍(dong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)37cm，能(neng)夠滿(man)足(zu)種(zhong)植業(ye)不同(tong)輪(lun)作制度(du)(du)生(sheng)產的(de)需要(yao)(yao)。 （2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況：莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)屬(shu)淮河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)域，境(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)有(you)沭(shu)河(he)(he)(he)和(he)濰河(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系。其中長(chang)10km以(yi)上(shang)的(de)有(you)鶴河(he)(he)(he)、小店(dian)河(he)(he)(he)等(deng)26條(tiao)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)支流(liu)，境(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)條(tiao)件 中華(hua)人民共和(he)國農業(ye)部 公(gong)布(bu)(bu) 優(you)越，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)豐富，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)2.25億m3，清潔無污染。農田(tian)排灌設施配套(tao)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)清澈，達到(dao)了旱能(neng)澆、澇(lao)能(neng)排。符合莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)綠蘆筍生(sheng)產基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)標準。 （3）土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情(qing)況：莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)四周(zhou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘環(huan)繞(rao)，中部平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)洼地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)交(jiao)接，南北(bei)長(chang)75.6km，大(da)小山(shan)(shan)(shan)頭450余座，大(da)多呈南北(bei)走向(xiang)，東有(you)屋樓崮、嶠子(zi)(zi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔(ba)600m左右，西(xi)有(you)洛山(shan)(shan)(shan)、浮(fu)來山(shan)(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔(ba)200m，南有(you)馬亓山(shan)(shan)(shan)老營頂，海(hai)拔(ba)都(dou)在(zai)600m左右，北(bei)有(you)棋(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、金華(hua)山(shan)(shan)(shan)等(deng)，海(hai)拔(ba)400m以(yi)上(shang)，天然(ran)形成四周(zhou)高、中間(jian)低(di)(di)，南北(bei)狹(xia)長(chang)的(de)長(chang)槽地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形，沿沭(shu)河(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)岸為(wei)沖(chong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區。莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)部分(fen)(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、塘壩分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)在(zai)四周(zhou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區，山(shan)(shan)(shan)區、丘陵、平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)各占三分(fen)(fen)之一。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)共有(you)棕(zong)壤、褐(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)砂姜(jiang)黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)5個大(da)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類、12個亞類、13個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬(shu)、93個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong)。域內(nei)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)在(zai)且境(jing)(jing)(jing)中部沿沭(shu)河(he)(he)(he)及其支流(liu)兩(liang)側的(de)狹(xia)長(chang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)495平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里，占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)總面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)25.4%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深(shen)(shen)厚，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)為(wei)沖(chong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)洪(hong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)，表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)多系壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平(ping)(ping)坦，坡度(du)(du)小。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤屬(shu)河(he)(he)(he)潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)儲量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)豐富，埋(mai)深(shen)(shen)1-3米。低(di)(di)平(ping)(ping)洼地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)低(di)(di)平(ping)(ping)洼地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)都(dou)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)于莒(ju)(ju)城周(zhou)圍的(de)城陽(yang)、陵陽(yang)、浮(fu)來山(shan)(shan)(shan)、閻(yan)莊、劉家官莊、嶠山(shan)(shan)(shan)、招(zhao)賢、店(dian)子(zi)(zi)集、墩頭等(deng)鄉鎮(zhen)的(de)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，為(wei)沖(chong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)物土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬(shu)，面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)46.25平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里，占縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)內(nei)平(ping)(ping)源(yuan)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)9%，占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)總面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)2.3%。根據《小店(dian)鎮(zhen)志》記載在(zai)上(shang)世紀80年(nian)代莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)就(jiu)有(you)栽植綠蘆筍的(de)歷(li)史。建國以(yi)來，莒(ju)(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人民發揮地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區優(you)勢，從綠蘆筍的(de)引(yin)種(zhong)、栽培到(dao)貯藏加工等(deng)一系列生(sheng)產過(guo)程，積(ji)(ji)(ji)累了豐富的(de)實踐(jian)經驗。

三.地域范圍

莒縣綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍主要分布在(zai)莒縣小(xiao)店鎮(zhen)、嶠山鎮(zhen)、閻莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)、龍山鎮(zhen)、店子集鎮(zhen)、洛河(he)鎮(zhen)、招賢鎮(zhen)、劉官莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)、城(cheng)陽街道等十二個鄉鎮(zhen)（街道），地(di)理坐標為東(dong)經118°42′～119°15′，北緯35°21′～35°34′；地(di)域保(bao)護總面積9000公頃。年總產量4.5萬噸。

四.產品品質特性特征

（1）外在感官特征：具(ju)有本地綠(lv)(lv)蘆筍的自(zi)然特征，粗細(xi)均勻、顏色嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)、包頭緊實、營養豐富(fu)等特定品質(zhi)。 （2）內在品質(zhi)指(zhi)標：莒縣(xian)綠(lv)(lv)蘆筍嫩(nen)莖，每100g中蛋白質(zhi)≥2.5g%，粗纖維≦1.3%，Vc≥18mg/100g，Se≥0.006mg/kg,Mg≥13mg/100g,Ca≥13mg/100g,k≥205mg/100g。素(su)有“蔬菜之王”的美譽(yu)。 （3）質(zhi)量安全要(yao)求：莒縣(xian)綠(lv)(lv)蘆筍種植生(sheng)產應嚴格執行日照市《綠(lv)(lv)蘆筍無公害生(sheng)產技術規(gui)程(cheng)》( DB 3711/T 68—2015)。

五.特定生產方式

（1）產(chan)(chan)地(di)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)與特殊內容(rong)規(gui)定 莒(ju)縣(xian)綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍(sun)主(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)于(yu)(yu)莒(ju)縣(xian)小店鎮(zhen)，地(di)域分布(bu)北至(zhi)洛河鎮(zhen)，南至(zhi)小店鎮(zhen)，東至(zhi)龍山(shan)鎮(zhen)，西至(zhi)劉官莊鎮(zhen)，共涉(she)及(ji)12個鄉鎮(zhen)，產(chan)(chan)地(di)環(huan)(huan)境質(zhi)(zhi)量符合無(wu)公(gong)(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)環(huan)(huan)境技術條(tiao)件(jian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。 （2）品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選擇與特性(xing)(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu) 根(gen)據莒(ju)縣(xian)土(tu)壤(rang)條(tiao)件(jian)、氣候(hou)條(tiao)件(jian)、技術條(tiao)件(jian)及(ji)市場(chang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)著眼于(yu)(yu)供需(xu)關系，并(bing)考慮到(dao)(dao)(dao)綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍(sun)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工、儲藏、運輸(shu)、出口(kou)燈(deng)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，在(zai)原有二代綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍(sun)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基礎上，選育引進(jin)一(yi)批(pi)適(shi)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)我縣(xian)自然條(tiao)件(jian)，具有豐產(chan)(chan)、質(zhi)(zhi)優和抗逆性(xing)(xing)強等(deng)特點的(de)(de)新品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。通過近(jin)幾(ji)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、試(shi)驗(yan) 示(shi)范(fan)，適(shi)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)優良品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)為：國產(chan)(chan)雜交一(yi)代品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)。 （3）生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程管(guan)理(li) ①土(tu)壤(rang)管(guan)理(li)。蘆(lu)筍(sun)園的(de)(de)土(tu)壤(rang)管(guan)理(li)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包括：栽(zai)植前(qian)(qian)深耕改土(tu)、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)期隴上培土(tu)、春(chun)夏(xia)(xia)秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)中耕松土(tu)等(deng)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)。 ②科學施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。重點推廣冬(dong)春(chun)行間施(shi)用(yong)有機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，畝施(shi)5000公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。春(chun)季(ji)(ji)采(cai)前(qian)(qian)、留(liu)夏(xia)(xia)田(tian)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)前(qian)(qian)及(ji)留(liu)秋(qiu)田(tian)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)，三次(ci)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)及(ji)生(sheng)物(wu)菌肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為主(zhu)(zhu)，并(bing)于(yu)(yu)留(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)后(hou)適(shi)時(shi)(shi)進(jin)行葉(xie)面追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 ③適(shi)時(shi)(shi)灌(guan)溉、及(ji)時(shi)(shi)排澇。蘆(lu)筍(sun)耐旱怕(pa)澇，根(gen)據其(qi)生(sheng)長特性(xing)(xing)及(ji)降水情(qing)(qing)況，結(jie)合追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，每(mei)年(nian)(nian)春(chun)秋(qiu)各澆水一(yi)次(ci)，干旱年(nian)(nian)份可(ke)多(duo)澆，保持田(tian)間持水量60-70%。夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)(ji)降水多(duo)時(shi)(shi)，應注意排澇，以防止死株(zhu)或(huo)造成病(bing)害(hai)蔓延。 ④適(shi)期留(liu)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)。適(shi)度摘心打頂(ding)。莒(ju)縣(xian)綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍(sun)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)采(cai)取春(chun)筍(sun)和夏(xia)(xia)筍(sun)，全年(nian)(nian)分兩次(ci)留(liu)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)，夏(xia)(xia)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)5月20日(ri)(ri)到(dao)(dao)(dao)6月1日(ri)(ri)間留(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)，每(mei)墩留(liu)2-3株(zhu)，留(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)打頂(ding)高度宜(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)1.2米；秋(qiu)母莖(jing)(jing)(jing)選留(liu)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)8月底到(dao)(dao)(dao)9月初，每(mei)墩留(liu)4-5株(zhu)，留(liu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)打頂(ding)高度1.2-1.5米。 ⑤病(bing)蟲害(hai)防治(zhi)。積極貫徹“預防為主(zhu)(zhu)、綜合防治(zhi)”的(de)(de)植保方針，多(duo)采(cai)用(yong)人工、物(wu)理(li)、生(sheng)物(wu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)病(bing)蟲害(hai)，減少化學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)次(ci)數(shu)，充分保護天敵，嚴禁使(shi)用(yong)高毒、高殘留(liu)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，推廣使(shi)用(yong)殺蟲燈(deng)、粘(zhan)蟲板，使(shi)用(yong)低(di)毒、低(di)殘留(liu)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)或(huo)生(sheng)物(wu)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，生(sheng)長季(ji)(ji)節(jie)噴藥(yao)(yao)次(ci)數(shu)控(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)8次(ci)左右。 ⑥產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)割及(ji)運輸(shu)。綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍(sun)采(cai)割使(shi)用(yong)刀具在(zai)地(di)下1-5厘米處割斷嫩莖(jing)(jing)(jing)，一(yi)般在(zai)上午10時(shi)(shi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)下午4時(shi)(shi)，嫩莖(jing)(jing)(jing)長度一(yi)般在(zai)20-25厘米，采(cai)收之(zhi)后(hou)，可(ke)在(zai)地(di)頭(tou)進(jin)行初步(bu)分級(ji)，經(jing)分級(ji)后(hou)可(ke)用(yong)稻草(cao)或(huo)尼龍繩捆扎，站立(li)于(yu)(yu)塑料筐內，12小時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)內運到(dao)(dao)(dao)加(jia)(jia)工廠進(jin)行加(jia)(jia)工。 （4）生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記(ji)(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu) 莒(ju)縣(xian)綠(lv)蘆(lu)筍(sun)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)全過程要(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)立(li)田(tian)間生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)檔(dang)案，肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料、農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)檔(dang)案、產(chan)(chan)銷情(qing)(qing)況記(ji)(ji)錄檔(dang)案，全面記(ji)(ji)載并(bing)妥善保存，以備(bei)查(cha)閱(yue)。