相傳很久以(yi)前,天(tian)和(he)(he)(he)地(di)還沒分(fen)開,就象很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)雞蛋一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang),里(li)(li)面有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)叫(jiao)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)類祖先。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)八千年(nian)以(yi)后,盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)心里(li)(li)憋悶,渾(hun)身像繩子捆著一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)不好受,想活動(dong)活動(dong)筋骨(gu)(gu),胳膊一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)伸腿一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)蹬,“咔嚓”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聲,大雞蛋被蹬碎了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。蛋殼里(li)(li)輕的(de)(de)(de)(de)東西慢(man)(man)(man)慢(man)(man)(man)上(shang)(shang)升為天(tian),重的(de)(de)(de)(de)東西慢(man)(man)(man)慢(man)(man)(man)下(xia)沉為地(di),天(tian)和(he)(he)(he)地(di)裂(lie)開了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條縫。他(ta)想站(zhan)起來走一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)走,可覺得天(tian)離地(di)太低,就手撐天(tian),腳蹬地(di),使勁把天(tian)往上(shang)(shang)拖。盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)手拖著天(tian)站(zhan)起來,身子一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)長一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丈(zhang),天(tian)也(ye)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)高(gao)(gao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丈(zhang)。又(you)過了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)八千年(nian),盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)身高(gao)(gao)九萬(wan)里(li)(li),天(tian)也(ye)升高(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)九萬(wan)里(li)(li)。盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)開天(tian)辟地(di),流盡(jin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)汗(han)水(shui),耗盡(jin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)力氣,不久就累死(si)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)死(si)后,身體上(shang)(shang)所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切轉(zhuan)化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)世(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)萬(wan)事萬(wan)物,嘴里(li)(li)呼出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)風和(he)(he)(he)云彩,聲音變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)雷霆,左眼變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)太陽,右眼變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)月亮,胳膊變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)山岳,骨(gu)(gu)頭(tou)變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)地(di)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)寶藏(zang),血液變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)江河(he),經脈變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)地(di)理,肌肉變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)田土,發髭變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)草木(mu),汗(han)流變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)雨……后人(ren)為紀念盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu),在(zai)邵原(yuan)東修建了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)寺。盤(pan)(pan)(pan)古(gu)出(chu)世(shi)(shi)掙破的(de)(de)(de)(de)蛋殼,埋(mai)在(zai)太行山下(xia),慢(man)(man)(man)慢(man)(man)(man)變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)細膩的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)頭(tou)。后來,人(ren)們(men)用這種(zhong)石(shi)頭(tou)制成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)不滲水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硯(yan)(yan)臺(tai),這就是著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)“盤(pan)(pan)(pan)硯(yan)(yan)”。 [4]
女媧摶土造人
傳說女(nv)媧從西(xi)邊天經邵原,走到黃(huang)(huang)河邊洗臉,黃(huang)(huang)河水里映照(zhao)出了(le)她(ta)(ta)的身影,她(ta)(ta)若有所(suo)思(si),能有一(yi)(yi)個和自(zi)己(ji)一(yi)(yi)樣的物種多好(hao)呀(ya)!她(ta)(ta)順手(shou)抓起一(yi)(yi)把(ba)黃(huang)(huang)土,摻上(shang)(shang)黃(huang)(huang)河水摶了(le)一(yi)(yi)塊黃(huang)(huang)泥(ni),照(zhao)著自(zi)己(ji)的影子揉(rou)捏(nie)了(le)一(yi)(yi)個和自(zi)己(ji)一(yi)(yi)樣的小(xiao)(xiao)東西(xi)。她(ta)(ta)越揉(rou)捏(nie)越像自(zi)己(ji),心里一(yi)(yi)高興(xing),小(xiao)(xiao)東西(xi)失手(shou)掉到地(di)上(shang)(shang),她(ta)(ta)趕忙去抓,抓掉了(le)小(xiao)(xiao)龍尾。正(zheng)在(zai)遺憾(han)之間(jian),掉到地(di)上(shang)(shang)的小(xiao)(xiao)精靈一(yi)(yi)沾土地(di),竟活(huo)了(le)起來,并沖著她(ta)(ta)喊叫“媽媽”,歡(huan)蹦(beng)亂跳的慶(qing)祝自(zi)己(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)生命(ming)的誕(dan)生,她(ta)(ta)給這個小(xiao)(xiao)生靈起了(le)個名字叫“人”。
女(nv)媧在(zai)(zai)歡喜之中,就不(bu)停手的(de)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)不(bu)斷地(di)揉捏,伏羲又來幫助小生(sheng)(sheng)靈(ling)生(sheng)(sheng)出陰(yin)陽,分為男女(nv)。他們(men)這樣揉來捏去,時間久了(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)覺得(de)太過(guo)勞神(shen),就用藤(teng)條抖甩黃泥,沒想到(dao)泥點(dian)子落到(dao)地(di)上,竟然也(ye)(ye)變成了(le)(le)活(huo)蹦歡跳的(de)小人。女(nv)媧一(yi)高(gao)興,用力過(guo)大(da),將泥點(dian)子濺(jian)到(dao)待落嶺上的(de)石(shi)崖上。因娃(wa)(wa)(wa)娃(wa)(wa)(wa)的(de)腳踏不(bu)到(dao)黃土地(di)上,也(ye)(ye)就沒有生(sheng)(sheng)命,形成了(le)(le)光滑的(de)雕(diao)塑(su)圖案(an)。這些圖案(an)極似(si)嬰兒之臂、臀、腿、后腦(nao),憨態(tai)可掬,酷似(si)無(wu)數(shu)個(ge)(ge)(ge)形態(tai)各異的(de)淺黃色(se)娃(wa)(wa)(wa)娃(wa)(wa)(wa)爬滿(man)崖壁,栩(xu)栩(xu)如生(sheng)(sheng),人們(men)叫它“娃(wa)(wa)(wa)娃(wa)(wa)(wa)崖”。后人也(ye)(ye)一(yi)直在(zai)(zai)這里燒香祈子,所以也(ye)(ye)有人叫她(ta)“祈子崖”。
女(nv)媧親手(shou)摶(tuan)造的小人聰明富(fu)貴,用藤條抽出的小人平(ping)凡(fan)貧窮。女(nv)媧看著周圍(wei)的小生(sheng)命(ming)高興地說:“我創造了(le)(le)(le)你(ni)們,給了(le)(le)(le)你(ni)們生(sheng)命(ming),你(ni)們要結成伴侶(lv)繁衍(yan)生(sheng)息,使生(sheng)命(ming)永存。”從此,便(bian)有了(le)(le)(le)人類,男女(nv)聯姻,繁衍(yan)生(sheng)息不(bu)斷。
傳說黃帝(di)與(yu)(yu)蚩(chi)尤大(da)戰邵原之后(hou),這里又發(fa)生(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)共工(gong)(gong)與(yu)(yu)顓頊(xu)爭帝(di)大(da)戰。共工(gong)(gong)久(jiu)戰不(bu)勝,憤怒之下用頭撞向不(bu)周山(shan)。只(zhi)聽得“轟隆”一(yi)(yi)聲巨(ju)響,霎時(shi)間(jian),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)昏地(di)(di)暗,地(di)(di)動山(shan)搖,不(bu)周山(shan)頂天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)柱峰被撞倒。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)柱倒了(le)(le)(le)(le),東南方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)陷下去(qu)了(le)(le)(le)(le),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)像(xiang)西(xi)北(bei)倒去(qu),日月星(xing)星(xing)也不(bu)照(zhao)位(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le),銀河水流下人(ren)間(jian)。毒蛇猛(meng)獸也趁機(ji)傷害(hai)人(ren),特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)黑龍(long)山(shan)那條殘(can)暴的(de)(de)(de)(de)黑龍(long),更(geng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)乘(cheng)機(ji)興風作(zuo)浪,毀(hui)壞田壟,掀翻(fan)房屋(wu),吞(tun)噬人(ren)和牲畜。于是(shi)(shi)(shi),女媧(wa)要煉石(shi)(shi)(shi)補天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。女媧(wa)撿來各種顏(yan)色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)頭,堆積在銀洞河旁(pang),又用她(ta)那無(wu)限伸(shen)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)蛇尾,卷來了(le)(le)(le)(le)黃河泥(ni)漿,把(ba)(ba)石(shi)(shi)(shi)頭粘合(he)在一(yi)(yi)起(qi),并從(cong)山(shan)上(shang)采來柴(chai)(chai)草,從(cong)昆侖山(shan)上(shang)取(qu)來火(huo)種,點燃柴(chai)(chai)草,開始冶煉補天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。熊(xiong)熊(xiong)大(da)火(huo)整(zheng)整(zheng)燒了(le)(le)(le)(le)九九八(ba)十一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),土石(shi)(shi)(shi)融合(he),光亮透明,五色(se)石(shi)(shi)(shi)煉成了(le)(le)(le)(le)。女媧(wa)娘娘用力吹出一(yi)(yi)口真氣,于是(shi)(shi)(shi)在鰲背山(shan)和待落(luo)嶺上(shang)空(kong)(kong)升(sheng)起(qi)五彩祥云。又伸(shen)開無(wu)限伸(shen)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)蛇尾,卷來煉好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)五色(se)石(shi)(shi)(shi),放(fang)在云團上(shang),然后(hou)雙手托起(qi)云朵,直(zhi)向天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)空(kong)(kong)。她(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)軀體在增長,胳膊在伸(shen)長,一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)舉到天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)空(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)裂縫,隨即(ji)咬破舌頭,朝著裂縫口噴出鮮血。轟隆一(yi)(yi)聲巨(ju)響,震(zhen)得山(shan)搖地(di)(di)動,一(yi)(yi)道(dao)閃電劃破了(le)(le)(le)(le)長空(kong)(kong),把(ba)(ba)整(zheng)個宇宙照(zhao)得通亮。霎時(shi),風停了(le)(le)(le)(le),雨住了(le)(le)(le)(le),一(yi)(yi)切平靜(jing)了(le)(le)(le)(le),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)空(kong)(kong)終(zhong)于補好(hao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)!
媧(wa)娘(niang)(niang)補(bu)好天后,又(you)捉來一(yi)只東海(hai)巨鰲(ao),砍去四(si)只腳(jiao),頂(ding)住(zhu)了補(bu)好的(de)天空。那條盤踞(ju)黑(hei)龍山(shan)興風作(zuo)浪的(de)黑(hei)龍見勢不妙,急忙逃向析城山(shan),見無處(chu)躲(duo)藏,便在(zai)地下拱出(chu)七十二個洞,但還是被媧(wa)娘(niang)(niang)抓個正著,栓在(zai)石柱上斬了。女(nv)媧(wa)又(you)將煉石所遺留的(de)灰燼堵(du)塞(sai)洪水。
軒轅祭(ji)天與戰神蚩尤
傳說古時候,黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)與蚩(chi)尤從(cong)山(shan)(shan)西一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)打(da)到邵(shao)(shao)原(yuan),在(zai)(zai)(zai)邵(shao)(shao)原(yuan)東(dong)面的(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)坡村打(da)了一(yi)(yi)(yi)場惡仗。蚩(chi)尤特別兇猛,不但會使用(yong)金屬制(zhi)作的(de)武器,還(huan)(huan)會使用(yong)法術,能(neng)吞云吐霧(wu),呼風喚雨。黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)與蚩(chi)尤九戰九敗(bai)(bai),最后(hou)被蚩(chi)尤使洪水彌霧(wu)圍困(kun)。黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)苦想沒有(you)(you)辦法,仰天(tian)長嘆,正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)他憂愁(chou)的(de)時候,眼前忽然(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)亮,云霧(wu)中(zhong)露出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)山(shan)(shan)峰,氣(qi)勢非凡,像(xiang)王者的(de)宮殿,還(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)兩座(zuo)山(shan)(shan)峰左右護衛(wei),這山(shan)(shan)就是(shi)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)王屋山(shan)(shan)。黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)非常高興,以(yi)為圣母在(zai)(zai)(zai)此,于(yu)是(shi)就帶(dai)領隨從(cong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)坡淌水過東(dong)陽(yang)河,在(zai)(zai)(zai)王屋山(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)下的(de)十方(fang)院(yuan)齋(zhai)戒三日,沐浴凈身后(hou)登上天(tian)壇(tan)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),以(yi)牛頭(tou)、羊(yang)頭(tou)為供品,壘(lei)石設壇(tan)祭天(tian)數日,誠(cheng)心誠(cheng)意地祈求(qiu)上天(tian)保(bao)佑,打(da)敗(bai)(bai)蚩(chi)尤。黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)真(zhen)誠(cheng)和正(zheng)義感動了天(tian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di),王母娘(niang)娘(niang)派九天(tian)玄女下凡,給黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)九鼎符(fu)。黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)九鼎符(fu)造指南車,不再迷(mi)失方(fang)向,蚩(chi)尤施雨,黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)女魃止雨。……又是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)番惡戰后(hou),黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)終于(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)太(tai)行(xing)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)側的(de)冀州將(jiang)蚩(chi)尤捉住并殺了。邵(shao)(shao)原(yuan)人說,砍頭(tou)山(shan)(shan)是(shi)蚩(chi)尤的(de)化(hua)身,尤顱寨是(shi)蚩(chi)尤的(de)頭(tou),人們為紀念蚩(chi)尤,在(zai)(zai)(zai)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)坡還(huan)(huan)建有(you)(you)蚩(chi)尤觀。
傳說(shuo),伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)(xi)在青龍(long)腰發現(xian)鰲(ao)背山南(nan)端石(shi)(shi)崖上(shang)(shang)有一(yi)(yi)塊大石(shi)(shi)頭(tou),像金(jin)(jin)雞啄米(mi)形(xing)狀。他便到南(nan)洼找到了一(yi)(yi)塊形(xing)狀像魚(yu)的(de)大石(shi)(shi)頭(tou),仔細觀(guan)察后,心想石(shi)(shi)內一(yi)(yi)定有金(jin)(jin)魚(yu)。伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)(xi)舉手開石(shi)(shi),果真(zhen)魚(yu)從石(shi)(shi)中一(yi)(yi)躍逃出,只在石(shi)(shi)內留下魚(yu)狀石(shi)(shi)紋。伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)(xi)琢磨,石(shi)(shi)開一(yi)(yi)分(fen)為二,魚(yu)有陰陽兩個,天(tian)地(di)(di)未分(fen)之(zhi)前,不也(ye)像大石(shi)(shi)頭(tou)一(yi)(yi)樣混(hun)混(hun)沌(dun)沌(dun)?天(tian)地(di)(di)分(fen)離,也(ye)應有陰陽,上(shang)(shang)則為陽,下則為陰。伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)(xi)坐在金(jin)(jin)魚(yu)石(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang),耳聽八方之(zhi)風,仰觀(guan)天(tian)象,采天(tian)地(di)(di)萬(wan)物(wu)的(de)靈氣,一(yi)(yi)口氣畫(hua)了八卦,又將二龍(long)圖形(xing)畫(hua)在石(shi)(shi)頭(tou)上(shang)(shang)。
很(hen)早(zao)(zao)很(hen)早(zao)(zao)以前,炎帝(di)(di)與黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)征戰(zhan)(zhan)數年,在販泉戰(zhan)(zhan)敗,于是(shi)就在黃(huang)(huang)河北(bei)岸中(zhong)條山(shan)、太行山(shan)和王(wang)屋山(shan)一帶游生。當時,人們(men)只(zhi)能靠捕野(ye)獸(shou)食野(ye)果(guo)為生,更不會(hui)用藥物治病。天上的(de)飛禽越打越少(shao),地上的(de)走獸(shou)越捕越稀(xi),人們(men)忍饑挨餓,饑寒交(jiao)迫,死傷(shang)無數。百姓的(de)痛苦,炎帝(di)(di)看(kan)在眼(yan)里,急在心(xin)上,就暗下決心(xin)要(yao)救(jiu)子民(min)于水深火熱之(zhi)中(zhong)。
他(ta)來(lai)(lai)到(dao)(dao)鰲背(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan),走(zou)遍了(le)(le)(le)角角落落,溝溝岔(cha)岔(cha),嘗遍了(le)(le)(le)山(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)的千萬種野(ye)(ye)草(cao)、野(ye)(ye)果(guo),危險的是(shi)(shi)在品嘗百(bai)草(cao)時多(duo)(duo)次(ci)中(zhong)毒(du),甚至多(duo)(duo)次(ci)昏死過去。神(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏的精神(shen)(shen)感動了(le)(le)(le)天(tian)帝,天(tian)帝便(bian)賜(si)“神(shen)(shen)鞭(bian)(bian)”一條。神(shen)(shen)鞭(bian)(bian)抽到(dao)(dao)草(cao)木上,鞭(bian)(bian)子立刻變(bian)(bian)色(se),若是(shi)(shi)白(bai)色(se),草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)涼性(xing)(xing)的;若是(shi)(shi)紅色(se),草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)熱性(xing)(xing)的;若是(shi)(shi)黑色(se),草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)有(you)劇(ju)毒(du)的;若無變(bian)(bian)化,證明此(ci)(ci)草(cao)木無藥(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)(xing)。神(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏靠鞭(bian)(bian)子抽和品嘗這(zhe)兩種方法,認(ren)識了(le)(le)(le)許許多(duo)(duo)多(duo)(duo)中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao),掌握了(le)(le)(le)它們(men)的品性(xing)(xing)。于是(shi)(shi)神(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)背(bei)著藥(yao)(yao)(yao)簍,爬山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡(po),攀懸崖,越絕(jue)壁,歷盡千辛萬苦在鰲背(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上采(cai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。一次(ci),不(bu)小心從(cong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡(po)上滾下來(lai)(lai),藥(yao)(yao)(yao)簍里的藥(yao)(yao)(yao)撒到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡(po)上,從(cong)此(ci)(ci),這(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上又神(shen)(shen)奇地長(chang)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)許多(duo)(duo)種藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材。神(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏把(ba)采(cai)來(lai)(lai)的草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)分發給人(ren)(ren)們(men)治病,并教(jiao)人(ren)(ren)們(men)認(ren)識草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao),從(cong)此(ci)(ci),人(ren)(ren)們(men)患病就有(you)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)醫治了(le)(le)(le)。后(hou)來(lai)(lai),他(ta)還撰寫了(le)(le)(le)一部醫書(shu),名叫《百(bai)草(cao)醫藥(yao)(yao)(yao)書(shu)》,后(hou)人(ren)(ren)把(ba)它稱(cheng)為經典《神(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)百(bai)草(cao)》,鰲背(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)從(cong)此(ci)(ci)就有(you)人(ren)(ren)叫它藥(yao)(yao)(yao)柜山(shan)(shan)(shan)。據傳說,后(hou)來(lai)(lai)曾有(you)無數仙道醫家,紛紛上鰲背(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)修煉采(cai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao),廣傳有(you)孫思(si)邈(miao)、李時珍、呂洞賓等。
炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)在藥柜山采(cai)藥時,發現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)許多(duo)能吃(chi)的(de)(de)東西,就(jiu)叫人們(men)(men)(men)采(cai)野果(guo)充饑。野果(guo)越(yue)采(cai)越(yue)少(shao),人們(men)(men)(men)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)忍饑挨餓,饑寒(han)交迫,炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)心(xin)里更是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)著急。一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)采(cai)食物(wu)時累(lei)得筋疲(pi)力盡(jin),就(jiu)靠著一(yi)(yi)(yi)棵很(hen)(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)大(da)樹睡(shui)著了(le)(le)(le)。夢(meng)(meng)中(zhong),他(ta)輕(qing)飄飄來到(dao)天(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)粟(su)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)。這粟(su)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)專管(guan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植五谷(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方,到(dao)處是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)邊(bian)無(wu)際的(de)(de)莊(zhuang)稼。這可喜壞了(le)(le)(le)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di),他(ta)趕(gan)緊采(cai)了(le)(le)(le)很(hen)(hen)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子,可怎么也拿不(bu)動,著急的(de)(de)出了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)身(shen)汗,心(xin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)激靈,睜(zheng)開了(le)(le)(le)眼睛,原來是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場夢(meng)(meng)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)心(xin)想,難(nan)道天(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)真有有五谷(gu)(gu)(gu)?于是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)神(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)就(jiu)變成了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)蒼龍,飛(fei)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)天(tian)(tian)庭(ting)粟(su)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),果(guo)然找(zhao)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。可是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)那里當官的(de)(de)特別小(xiao)氣,只給炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)匣子谷(gu)(gu)(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)很(hen)(hen)不(bu)高(gao)興(xing),十(shi)分珍惜地(di)(di)(di)懷揣谷(gu)(gu)(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)回(hui)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)他(ta)居住(zhu)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方待落嶺。神(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)就(jiu)在待落嶺上(shang)(shang)(shang)挑選雙合寨北(bei)面(mian)土地(di)(di)(di)肥沃(wo)的(de)(de)洼地(di)(di)(di),精(jing)耕細作,又在鍘刀(dao)縫開鑿天(tian)(tian)井“一(yi)(yi)(yi)碗水”,取水澆地(di)(di)(di),然后(hou)小(xiao)心(xin)翼(yi)翼(yi)地(di)(di)(di)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下從天(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)取來的(de)(de)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。誰知道這匣子雖小(xiao),匣里的(de)(de)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)物(wu)多(duo)得很(hen)(hen),一(yi)(yi)(yi)直往(wang)外倒一(yi)(yi)(yi)直有。更驚(jing)奇的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),他(ta)從一(yi)(yi)(yi)頭(tou)下種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),達(da)到(dao)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)頭(tou)后(hou),莊(zhuang)稼就(jiu)熟了(le)(le)(le)。這就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人們(men)(men)(men)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直傳說的(de)(de)神(shen)奇的(de)(de)回(hui)耬地(di)(di)(di)。他(ta)急忙(mang)找(zhao)來許多(duo)子孫幫忙(mang),并把收獲的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子分發給他(ta)們(men)(men)(men),教他(ta)們(men)(men)(men)如何開墾土地(di)(di)(di),鑿井引泉,供人食用和灌溉田地(di)(di)(di)。從此,人們(men)(men)(men)寒(han)來暑往(wang),春種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)夏播(bo)(bo),秋收冬藏,炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)子民生活(huo)溫飽有了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)障(zhang)。據(ju)傳,他(ta)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)莊(zhuang)稼,就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)世所說的(de)(de)五谷(gu)(gu)(gu):麥、稻、黍(shu)、稷、菽。從此,神(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)雙合寨上(shang)(shang)(shang)播(bo)(bo)百(bai)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直傳為佳話。人們(men)(men)(men)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直說,回(hui)耬地(di)(di)(di)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民間(jian)百(bai)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)之源,待落嶺雙合寨也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)神(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏(shi)住(zhu)和生活(huo)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方。
傳說(shuo)(shuo)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)顓(zhuan)頊(xu)(xu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)統治(zhi)宇宙(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)黃帝(di)后裔(yi)(yi);傳說(shuo)(shuo)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong),是(shi)(shi)(shi)統治(zhi)地(di)上十(shi)分(fen)(fen)之七水(shui)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)神(shen)共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)。共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)炎帝(di)后裔(yi)(yi)火(huo)神(shen)祝融的(de)(de)(de)(de)兒(er)子(zi),生著人面蛇身赤發,性(xing)情暴(bao)烈,身乘二龍“振滔(掀動)洪水(shui)”,去攻顓(zhuan)頊(xu)(xu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)。共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)手下(xia)兩員大(da)(da)將,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個叫浮(fu)游,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個叫相(xiang)柳(liu)。那相(xiang)柳(liu)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)人面蛇身,渾身青黑,長著九(jiu)個腦袋,十(shi)分(fen)(fen)勇猛(meng)好戰。顓(zhuan)頊(xu)(xu)對(dui)共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)來犯早有準備,即(ji)刻(ke)帶(dai)兵(bing)(bing)相(xiang)迎(ying)。這(zhe)場爭斗十(shi)分(fen)(fen)殘酷(ku),雙方(fang)(fang)都把自己所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)兵(bing)(bing)力智謀全使(shi)了出(chu)來。他們從(cong)邵原直(zhi)戰到昆侖山腳下(xia)。共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)掀起狂波惡浪,用(yong)水(shui)去攻顓(zhuan)頊(xu)(xu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang);顓(zhuan)頊(xu)(xu)則放(fang)出(chu)熊(xiong)(xiong)熊(xiong)(xiong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)烈焰去燒共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)。終于(yu)共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)敵不(bu)過顓(zhuan)頊(xu)(xu),九(jiu)頭相(xiang)柳(liu)當場被燒死(si)。浮(fu)游被燒得焦頭爛額,拼死(si)沖出(chu)火(huo)圍,終因傷(shang)勢過重而死(si)。性(xing)高氣盛的(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)見狀大(da)(da)怒,猛(meng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頭撞(zhuang)向(xiang)昆侖山,只聽得轟隆(long)隆(long)、嘩啦(la)啦(la)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聲巨(ju)響,昆侖山頂峰(feng)天(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)峰(feng)被撞(zhuang)倒(dao)(dao)。天(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)峰(feng)倒(dao)(dao)地(di),昆侖山變得不(bu)周正了,即(ji)更(geng)名為(wei)“不(bu)周山”,那被共(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)用(yong)頭頂倒(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)峰(feng)頂更(geng)名為(wei)“頭頂”(頭頂)。天(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)峰(feng)乃是(shi)(shi)(shi)“西(xi)邊天(tian)(tian)”撐(cheng)天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)柱(zhu)子(zi),天(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)倒(dao)(dao),大(da)(da)地(di)傾斜,天(tian)(tian)空的(de)(de)(de)(de)日月星辰站不(bu)住腳,不(bu)由自主的(de)(de)(de)(de)向(xiang)西(xi)移動,銀河水(shui)泄漏下(xia)來,大(da)(da)雨傾盆(pen)。大(da)(da)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)南(nan)部下(xia)沉,大(da)(da)川小河日夜(ye)不(bu)停地(di)向(xiang)東(dong)南(nan)方(fang)(fang)奔(ben)流。
大禹治水
傳(chuan)說(shuo)大禹在邵州(zhou)一帶(dai)治水時,要(yao)用木(mu)(mu)棍探(tan)水深淺(qian),因為(wei)水的浮力(li)大,所以(yi)(yi)木(mu)(mu)棍探(tan)不(bu)到水底,大禹心中(zhong)(zhong)十(shi)分(fen)著(zhu)急。這時,一位老農(nong)雙膝跪地(di),手捧一根發紅透亮,分(fen)量較輕(qing)的木(mu)(mu)棍說(shuo):“我(wo)主勿(wu)躁,小民獻(xian)上(shang)一物(wu)可以(yi)(yi)幫你探(tan)測水的深淺(qian)。”大禹接過木(mu)(mu)棍,半信(xin)半疑地(di)探(tan)入河中(zhong)(zhong),誰(shui)知(zhi)此(ci)棍竟立于河中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)漂不(bu)倒直至河底。大禹高興極了,驚嘆道:“真乃神棍也!”后來大禹稱(cheng)皇帝后,“龍(long)(long)持(chi)木(mu)(mu)棍”的美名遍(bian)傳(chuan)天(tian)下,價增百倍。時至今日,邵原北山(shan)原始森林中(zhong)(zhong)仍有(you)幾棵珍(zhen)貴的龍(long)(long)持(chi)木(mu)(mu)樹。
禹(yu)治(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)前黃河水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)在邵(shao)(shao)州(zhou)一(yi)帶(dai)汪洋一(yi)片(pian),泛濫(lan)成災,大(da)禹(yu)經過充分勘察后,決計(ji)導(dao)(dao)北(bei)(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)南流。他首先在邵(shao)(shao)原北(bei)(bei)(bei)部積石(shi)(shi)成山(shan)(shan)把南北(bei)(bei)(bei)走(zou)向的太行山(shan)(shan)阻斷(duan),使北(bei)(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)東(dong)流入(ru)(ru)濟。這“積石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)山(shan)(shan)”就是現在陽(yang)城縣境內的“鎖(suo)泉嶺”。為疏(shu)導(dao)(dao)北(bei)(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)入(ru)(ru)黃河,用神(shen)(shen)鞭(bian)趕水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),至(zhi)(zhi)今東(dong)陽(yang)河一(yi)峽(xia)谷中石(shi)(shi)壁上仍留(liu)有(you)神(shen)(shen)鞭(bian)印,人你“鞭(bian)壁崖(ya)”。大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流至(zhi)(zhi)邵(shao)(shao)原正南,那時(shi)伏(fu)牛山(shan)(shan)與北(bei)(bei)(bei)山(shan)(shan)相連,齊刷刷阻斷(duan)了(le)黃河水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)去向。禹(yu)王斧劈大(da)山(shan)(shan),放水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)東(dong)去,形(xing)成了(le)后來的“八(ba)里峽(xia)”,也叫(jiao)(jiao)“八(ba)里胡(hu)同”。“八(ba)里胡(hu)同”北(bei)(bei)(bei)邊有(you)一(yi)個村(cun)莊叫(jiao)(jiao)“老禹(yu)洼”,相傳(chuan)是因大(da)禹(yu)治(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)居住(zhu)而(er)得名(ming)。村(cun)莊邊有(you)一(yi)座山(shan)(shan)叫(jiao)(jiao)“八(ba)角(jiao)山(shan)(shan)”,八(ba)角(jiao)山(shan)(shan)上有(you)一(yi)個“神(shen)(shen)仙洞”,傳(chuan)說大(da)禹(yu)曾取(qu)計(ji)“神(shen)(shen)仙洞”,石(shi)(shi)壁上還留(liu)有(you)大(da)禹(yu)治(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)圖(tu)。
邵原北邊的(de)黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)原來是從天(tian)上(shang)下來的(de)一條黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)所管(guan),黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)生性殘暴,常(chang)給民間(jian)降災,人間(jian)常(chang)常(chang)久旱不雨,莊稼枯死,百姓日(ri)子沒法過。在天(tian)上(shang)分(fen)管(guan)銀河(he)的(de)那條白龍(long)(long)(long)(long)就(jiu)私(si)自降了一場雨,觸犯了“天(tian)條”,也被天(tian)帝貶到黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan),與黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)同管(guan)黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)。從這兒以后,白龍(long)(long)(long)(long)經常(chang)體察民情,適(shi)時降雨。常(chang)獨霸黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)、想怎(zen)樣(yang)干就(jiu)怎(zen)樣(yang)干的(de)黑(hei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)對(dui)白龍(long)(long)(long)(long)的(de)做(zuo)法很(hen)不滿(man),心里特別恨白龍(long)(long)(long)(long),就(jiu)專和(he)白龍(long)(long)(long)(long)作(zuo)對(dui),他們倆(lia)爭(zheng)斗(dou)不息。
人們對黑龍的狂(kuang)暴極為不(bu)平,又(you)十分同情白龍的不(bu)幸遭(zao)遇,經常祈求天(tian)帝赦免(mian)白龍之罪,掌(zhang)管黑龍山。天(tian)帝沒辦法,傳(chuan)話民(min)間(jian):“要想重登靈宵閣,除非(fei)金豆開花時。”
有(you)一(yi)年二月二,邵原一(yi)老(lao)太(tai)太(tai)上(shang)市趕集,無(wu)意(yi)中將玉米撒了一(yi)地,在太(tai)陽(yang)照耀下(xia)金光燦爛,好像滿地金豆。有(you)讀(du)書(shu)人見了大醒悟過(guo)來,趕緊把(ba)玉米粒放鍋內炒(chao)熟,把(ba)玉米花(hua)獻給上(shang)天(tian)。太(tai)上(shang)老(lao)君(jun)眼花(hua),誤認(ren)為(wei)金豆開了花(hua),奏本天(tian)帝(di),赦(she)免了白龍(long)(long)之(zhi)罪(zui)。白龍(long)(long)這才(cai)回到天(tian)界,而人間那個白龍(long)(long)池和白龍(long)(long)溝仍留在邵原人們的(de)心上(shang)。邵原一(yi)帶(dai)的(de)老(lao)百(bai)姓,每年二月二家家戶戶炒(chao)玉米花(hua),就是為(wei)了紀念這件事。
白龍(long)回天(tian)庭后,黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)更加殘暴(bao),經常出來(lai)(lai)傷害(hai)人。“神住(zhu)溝”有一(yi)位剛(gang)成親的(de)(de)年(nian)輕獵(lie)(lie)(lie)人,決意上(shang)(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)除掉黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)。年(nian)輕獵(lie)(lie)(lie)人剛(gang)走(zou)到(dao)黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)山(shan)(shan)腳下,山(shan)(shan)頂那(nei)個(ge)黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)使來(lai)(lai)滾滾的(de)(de)黑(hei)(hei)云(yun),夾雜(za)著雷鳴電閃向(xiang)他(ta)撲來(lai)(lai)。獵(lie)(lie)(lie)手情知不(bu)妙,急忙拈弓搭箭(jian),一(yi)股難以抗拒的(de)(de)強大吸力向(xiang)他(ta)襲來(lai)(lai),他(ta)頓覺眼花體軟被(bei)(bei)黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)吸入嘴里,只有那(nei)只繡(xiu)鞋(xie)隨風被(bei)(bei)吹到(dao)鰲背山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)崖(ya)(ya)坎(kan)里。直到(dao)共工怒(nu)觸不(bu)周(zhou)山(shan)(shan)后,作惡(e)多端(duan)的(de)(de)黑(hei)(hei)龍(long),才(cai)被(bei)(bei)女(nv)媧把他(ta)斬首在(zai)(zai)待落嶺(ling)上(shang)(shang)(shang)了。人們為了紀念(nian)那(nei)位勇敢(gan)善(shan)良的(de)(de)獵(lie)(lie)(lie)手,把鰲背山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)那(nei)個(ge)崖(ya)(ya)坎(kan)取(qu)名為“繡(xiu)鞋(xie)龕”。婦女(nv)們為效仿那(nei)位賢惠多情的(de)(de)妻子,便在(zai)(zai)這里留下了丈夫(fu)死后女(nv)人須穿白鞋(xie)行孝三年(nian)的(de)(de)風俗(su)。
邵原(yuan)創世神話的(de)豐富內容,表(biao)現了中原(yuan)先民同時也(ye)表(biao)現了中華民族(zu)在(zai)人與自(zi)然、人與社會、人與人、人自(zi)身(shen)之間的(de)關(guan)系以及矛盾、沖突和(he)(he)抗(kang)爭,并在(zai)對立統一的(de)進程中走向和(he)(he)諧(xie),積淀著民族(zu)的(de)人文(wen)精神。
邵(shao)原創世(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)被譽之為(wei)(wei)“唯(wei)美”的神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),具有(you)道德化(hua)、倫理化(hua)、哲(zhe)理化(hua)的魅(mei)力。邵(shao)原創世(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)人文底蘊厚(hou)重(zhong),哲(zhe)理思想古今傳承。盤古、女媧(wa)作為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族(zu)(zu)血脈同根的先祖和英(ying)雄形(xing)象,其(qi)蘊涵的開(kai)天辟地(di)、開(kai)拓創新(xin)(xin)、無(wu)所畏(wei)懼、勇往直前、自(zi)(zi)強(qiang)不(bu)息、繼往開(kai)來的精神(shen)(shen)(shen);其(qi)鞠躬盡(jin)瘁、垂死化(hua)身、甘于奉獻(xian)、不(bu)怕犧牲的美德;其(qi)造福(fu)人類、懲惡揚善、以(yi)人為(wei)(wei)本、護民(min)佑民(min)的高(gao)貴品格;其(qi)自(zi)(zi)強(qiang)、自(zi)(zi)信(xin)、自(zi)(zi)勤、自(zi)(zi)愛的精神(shen)(shen)(shen),都對我國人文精神(shen)(shen)(shen)的形(xing)成(cheng)和豐富,具有(you)極為(wei)(wei)珍貴的價(jia)值,對提(ti)升民(min)族(zu)(zu)文化(hua)的自(zi)(zi)覺起到促進作用。濟源邵(shao)原創世(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)群(qun)厚(hou)重(zhong)的文化(hua)容量,必將(jiang)與時俱進地(di)釋(shi)放出(chu)新(xin)(xin)的光彩,成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族(zu)(zu)共享的精神(shen)(shen)(shen)文化(hua)財富。邵(shao)原是(shi)中(zhong)國創世(shi)文化(hua)的自(zi)(zi)然遺存,極其(qi)珍貴,研(yan)究邵(shao)原創世(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)群(qun),從一定意(yi)義(yi)上來說對提(ti)升民(min)族(zu)(zu)自(zi)(zi)信(xin)心,增強(qiang)民(min)族(zu)(zu)凝聚力,是(shi)非常有(you)意(yi)義(yi)的。