相傳很(hen)久以前(qian),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)和地還沒分(fen)開,就象很(hen)大的雞蛋(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣,里(li)面(mian)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)叫盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)的人(ren)類祖先。一(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)八千年以后(hou),盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)心里(li)憋(bie)悶,渾身(shen)像繩子(zi)捆著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣不(bu)(bu)好受,想(xiang)活動(dong)活動(dong)筋(jin)骨,胳(ge)膊(bo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)伸腿一(yi)(yi)(yi)蹬,“咔嚓”一(yi)(yi)(yi)聲,大雞蛋(dan)被蹬碎了(le)(le)。蛋(dan)殼里(li)輕的東(dong)西(xi)慢(man)慢(man)上升為天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),重的東(dong)西(xi)慢(man)慢(man)下沉(chen)為地,天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)和地裂(lie)開了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條縫。他想(xiang)站(zhan)起來走一(yi)(yi)(yi)走,可覺得天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)離(li)地太(tai)低,就手(shou)撐(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),腳蹬地,使勁把天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)往上拖。盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)手(shou)拖著(zhu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)站(zhan)起來,身(shen)子(zi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)長一(yi)(yi)(yi)丈,天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)高一(yi)(yi)(yi)丈。又過了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)八千年,盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)身(shen)高九(jiu)萬(wan)(wan)里(li),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也升高了(le)(le)九(jiu)萬(wan)(wan)里(li)。盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)開天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)辟地,流盡了(le)(le)汗水,耗盡了(le)(le)力氣(qi),不(bu)(bu)久就累死了(le)(le)。盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)死后(hou),身(shen)體上所有(you)的一(yi)(yi)(yi)切轉(zhuan)化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)世上的萬(wan)(wan)事萬(wan)(wan)物,嘴里(li)呼出的氣(qi)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)風和云(yun)彩,聲音(yin)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)雷霆,左(zuo)眼變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)太(tai)陽(yang),右眼變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)月亮,胳(ge)膊(bo)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)山岳,骨頭(tou)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)地下的寶(bao)藏,血(xue)液變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)江河,經(jing)脈變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)地理,肌肉變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)田土,發髭變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)了(le)(le)草木,汗流變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)雨……后(hou)人(ren)為紀(ji)念盤(pan)(pan)古(gu),在(zai)邵原東(dong)修建了(le)(le)盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)寺。盤(pan)(pan)古(gu)出世掙破的蛋(dan)殼,埋在(zai)太(tai)行(xing)山下,慢(man)慢(man)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)細膩的石頭(tou)。后(hou)來,人(ren)們用這種(zhong)石頭(tou)制成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)滲水的硯臺,這就是著(zhu)名的“盤(pan)(pan)硯”。 [4]
女媧摶土造人
傳說(shuo)女(nv)媧從西(xi)邊(bian)天(tian)經邵(shao)原,走到(dao)黃(huang)河邊(bian)洗臉,黃(huang)河水里(li)映照出了她(ta)(ta)的身影(ying),她(ta)(ta)若有(you)所思(si),能(neng)有(you)一(yi)(yi)個和自(zi)己(ji)一(yi)(yi)樣的物種多好呀!她(ta)(ta)順(shun)手抓(zhua)起(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)把黃(huang)土,摻上黃(huang)河水摶了一(yi)(yi)塊黃(huang)泥,照著(zhu)自(zi)己(ji)的影(ying)子(zi)揉捏了一(yi)(yi)個和自(zi)己(ji)一(yi)(yi)樣的小(xiao)(xiao)東西(xi)。她(ta)(ta)越揉捏越像(xiang)自(zi)己(ji),心(xin)里(li)一(yi)(yi)高(gao)興,小(xiao)(xiao)東西(xi)失(shi)手掉(diao)到(dao)地上,她(ta)(ta)趕忙去抓(zhua),抓(zhua)掉(diao)了小(xiao)(xiao)龍尾。正(zheng)在遺憾之間,掉(diao)到(dao)地上的小(xiao)(xiao)精靈一(yi)(yi)沾土地,竟(jing)活了起(qi)(qi)來,并(bing)沖著(zhu)她(ta)(ta)喊(han)叫(jiao)“媽(ma)媽(ma)”,歡蹦亂跳的慶(qing)祝自(zi)己(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)生(sheng)命的誕生(sheng),她(ta)(ta)給這個小(xiao)(xiao)生(sheng)靈起(qi)(qi)了個名(ming)字叫(jiao)“人”。
女媧(wa)在歡喜之中,就不停手的(de)(de)一(yi)個一(yi)個不斷地揉捏,伏羲又來幫助(zhu)小(xiao)生(sheng)靈生(sheng)出陰陽,分(fen)為男女。他們(men)這樣揉來捏去(qu),時間久了也覺得太過勞神,就用(yong)藤條抖甩黃泥,沒(mei)想到(dao)泥點(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)落(luo)到(dao)地上(shang),竟然也變成(cheng)了活蹦歡跳的(de)(de)小(xiao)人。女媧(wa)一(yi)高興,用(yong)力過大,將泥點(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)濺到(dao)待落(luo)嶺上(shang)的(de)(de)石崖(ya)上(shang)。因娃(wa)娃(wa)的(de)(de)腳踏不到(dao)黃土(tu)地上(shang),也就沒(mei)有(you)生(sheng)命(ming),形(xing)成(cheng)了光滑(hua)的(de)(de)雕塑圖(tu)案。這些圖(tu)案極似嬰兒之臂、臀、腿、后腦,憨態可掬,酷似無(wu)數個形(xing)態各異的(de)(de)淺黃色娃(wa)娃(wa)爬滿崖(ya)壁,栩栩如(ru)生(sheng),人們(men)叫它“娃(wa)娃(wa)崖(ya)”。后人也一(yi)直在這里燒香祈子(zi)(zi),所以也有(you)人叫她“祈子(zi)(zi)崖(ya)”。
女(nv)(nv)(nv)媧親手摶造(zao)的(de)(de)小人聰(cong)明富貴(gui),用藤(teng)條抽出(chu)的(de)(de)小人平凡貧窮。女(nv)(nv)(nv)媧看著周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)小生(sheng)命(ming)高興地(di)說:“我創造(zao)了你們,給(gei)了你們生(sheng)命(ming),你們要結成伴侶繁(fan)衍(yan)生(sheng)息(xi),使生(sheng)命(ming)永存。”從此,便有(you)了人類,男(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)聯(lian)姻,繁(fan)衍(yan)生(sheng)息(xi)不(bu)斷。
傳說(shuo)黃(huang)帝與(yu)蚩尤大戰邵原之后,這里又(you)發生了(le)(le)(le)(le)共工與(yu)顓頊爭(zheng)帝大戰。共工久戰不(bu)勝,憤怒之下(xia)用(yong)頭撞(zhuang)向不(bu)周山(shan)(shan)(shan)。只(zhi)聽(ting)得(de)(de)“轟隆”一(yi)聲(sheng)(sheng)巨響,霎(sha)時間(jian)(jian),天(tian)(tian)昏地暗,地動(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)搖,不(bu)周山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂天(tian)(tian)柱峰被撞(zhuang)倒。天(tian)(tian)柱倒了(le)(le)(le)(le),東(dong)南(nan)方的(de)地陷下(xia)去(qu)了(le)(le)(le)(le),天(tian)(tian)像西北倒去(qu),日月星(xing)星(xing)也(ye)不(bu)照位(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le),銀(yin)河(he)水流下(xia)人間(jian)(jian)。毒蛇(she)(she)猛獸也(ye)趁(chen)機傷害人,特別是黑(hei)龍(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)那(nei)(nei)條殘暴的(de)黑(hei)龍(long),更是乘(cheng)機興風(feng)作浪,毀壞田壟,掀翻房屋,吞噬(shi)人和牲畜。于是,女媧(wa)(wa)要煉(lian)石(shi)補天(tian)(tian)。女媧(wa)(wa)撿來各種(zhong)顏(yan)色(se)的(de)石(shi)頭,堆積在(zai)(zai)銀(yin)洞河(he)旁,又(you)用(yong)她那(nei)(nei)無限伸長(chang)的(de)蛇(she)(she)尾,卷(juan)來了(le)(le)(le)(le)黃(huang)河(he)泥(ni)漿(jiang),把石(shi)頭粘(zhan)合(he)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起,并(bing)從山(shan)(shan)(shan)上采來柴(chai)草,從昆(kun)侖山(shan)(shan)(shan)上取(qu)來火種(zhong),點燃(ran)柴(chai)草,開(kai)始冶煉(lian)補天(tian)(tian)石(shi)。熊(xiong)(xiong)熊(xiong)(xiong)大火整(zheng)(zheng)整(zheng)(zheng)燒了(le)(le)(le)(le)九(jiu)九(jiu)八十(shi)一(yi)天(tian)(tian),土石(shi)融合(he),光亮透明,五(wu)色(se)石(shi)煉(lian)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)。女媧(wa)(wa)娘娘用(yong)力吹(chui)出一(yi)口真氣,于是在(zai)(zai)鰲背山(shan)(shan)(shan)和待落嶺上空(kong)升(sheng)起五(wu)彩祥(xiang)云。又(you)伸開(kai)無限伸長(chang)的(de)蛇(she)(she)尾,卷(juan)來煉(lian)好(hao)的(de)五(wu)色(se)石(shi),放(fang)在(zai)(zai)云團上,然后雙手托起云朵,直向天(tian)(tian)空(kong)。她的(de)軀(qu)體在(zai)(zai)增長(chang),胳(ge)膊在(zai)(zai)伸長(chang),一(yi)直舉到天(tian)(tian)空(kong)的(de)裂縫(feng),隨即咬破舌頭,朝著裂縫(feng)口噴出鮮血。轟隆一(yi)聲(sheng)(sheng)巨響,震(zhen)得(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)搖地動(dong),一(yi)道閃電劃破了(le)(le)(le)(le)長(chang)空(kong),把整(zheng)(zheng)個宇宙照得(de)(de)通亮。霎(sha)時,風(feng)停了(le)(le)(le)(le),雨住了(le)(le)(le)(le),一(yi)切平靜了(le)(le)(le)(le),天(tian)(tian)空(kong)終于補好(hao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)!
媧娘補好天后,又捉(zhuo)來一(yi)只東(dong)海巨鰲,砍去四(si)只腳,頂住了補好的天空。那條盤踞黑龍山興風作浪(lang)的黑龍見勢(shi)不妙,急忙逃向(xiang)析城山,見無處躲藏,便在地下(xia)拱出(chu)七十二(er)個洞,但還是被(bei)媧娘抓個正著(zhu),栓(shuan)在石柱上斬了。女媧又將煉石所遺留的灰燼堵塞洪水(shui)。
軒(xuan)轅祭天與戰神蚩尤
傳說古時(shi)候,黃(huang)帝與蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)從山(shan)(shan)西一(yi)直打(da)到邵(shao)原(yuan),在(zai)(zai)邵(shao)原(yuan)東(dong)面的馬(ma)坡村(cun)打(da)了一(yi)場惡(e)仗。蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)特別兇猛,不但會(hui)(hui)使用金屬制(zhi)作的武器,還會(hui)(hui)使用法術(shu),能(neng)吞云吐霧(wu),呼(hu)風喚雨。黃(huang)帝與蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)九戰九敗(bai),最(zui)后被蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)使洪水彌(mi)霧(wu)圍困(kun)。黃(huang)帝苦想沒有(you)辦(ban)法,仰天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)長嘆,正在(zai)(zai)他憂愁的時(shi)候,眼前忽然(ran)一(yi)亮(liang),云霧(wu)中露(lu)出一(yi)座山(shan)(shan)峰,氣勢非(fei)凡(fan),像(xiang)王(wang)者的宮(gong)殿,還有(you)兩座山(shan)(shan)峰左右(you)護衛(wei),這山(shan)(shan)就是(shi)(shi)現在(zai)(zai)的王(wang)屋山(shan)(shan)。黃(huang)帝非(fei)常高(gao)興,以為圣母在(zai)(zai)此(ci),于是(shi)(shi)就帶領隨(sui)從馬(ma)坡淌水過(guo)東(dong)陽河,在(zai)(zai)王(wang)屋山(shan)(shan)腳下的十方(fang)院齋戒三(san)日,沐(mu)浴(yu)凈(jing)身(shen)后登上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)壇(tan)山(shan)(shan)頂,以牛頭、羊頭為供(gong)品,壘石設壇(tan)祭天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)數日,誠心誠意(yi)地祈(qi)求上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)保佑(you),打(da)敗(bai)蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)。黃(huang)帝的真誠和(he)正義(yi)感動了天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)帝,王(wang)母娘娘派(pai)九天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)玄女下凡(fan),給黃(huang)帝九鼎符。黃(huang)帝以九鼎符造指南車,不再(zai)迷失方(fang)向,蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)施雨,黃(huang)帝以女魃止雨。……又(you)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)番惡(e)戰后,黃(huang)帝終于在(zai)(zai)太行山(shan)(shan)東(dong)側的冀州將蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)捉住并殺了。邵(shao)原(yuan)人說,砍頭山(shan)(shan)是(shi)(shi)蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)的化身(shen),尤(you)(you)(you)顱寨是(shi)(shi)蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)的頭,人們為紀念蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you),在(zai)(zai)馬(ma)坡還建有(you)蚩(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)尤(you)(you)(you)觀。
傳說,伏羲在(zai)青龍腰發現(xian)鰲背山南端石崖(ya)上有(you)(you)一(yi)塊大(da)石頭(tou),像(xiang)金(jin)雞啄(zhuo)米形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)。他(ta)便到南洼找到了一(yi)塊形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)像(xiang)魚的大(da)石頭(tou),仔細觀察后,心想石內(nei)一(yi)定(ding)有(you)(you)金(jin)魚。伏羲舉(ju)手開石,果真(zhen)魚從石中一(yi)躍(yue)逃出,只在(zai)石內(nei)留下魚狀(zhuang)石紋。伏羲琢磨,石開一(yi)分為二(er),魚有(you)(you)陰(yin)陽兩(liang)個,天(tian)地未分之前,不也(ye)像(xiang)大(da)石頭(tou)一(yi)樣混混沌(dun)沌(dun)?天(tian)地分離(li),也(ye)應有(you)(you)陰(yin)陽,上則為陽,下則為陰(yin)。伏羲坐在(zai)金(jin)魚石上,耳聽八方之風,仰觀天(tian)象,采天(tian)地萬物的靈氣(qi),一(yi)口氣(qi)畫了八卦,又將(jiang)二(er)龍圖形(xing)(xing)畫在(zai)石頭(tou)上。
很(hen)早(zao)很(hen)早(zao)以前(qian),炎(yan)帝(di)與黃帝(di)征戰數(shu)年,在販泉戰敗,于是就在黃河北岸中(zhong)條山(shan)、太(tai)行山(shan)和王屋山(shan)一(yi)帶(dai)游(you)生(sheng)。當時,人們只能靠捕野獸食野果為(wei)生(sheng),更不會用藥物治病。天(tian)上的飛(fei)禽(qin)越(yue)(yue)打越(yue)(yue)少(shao),地上的走獸越(yue)(yue)捕越(yue)(yue)稀,人們忍(ren)饑挨餓,饑寒交迫(po),死傷無數(shu)。百(bai)姓(xing)的痛苦(ku),炎(yan)帝(di)看在眼(yan)里,急(ji)在心(xin)上,就暗(an)下決心(xin)要救子民于水深火(huo)熱之中(zhong)。
他來到(dao)鰲背山(shan)(shan)(shan),走遍了(le)(le)角角落落,溝溝岔岔,嘗(chang)遍了(le)(le)山(shan)(shan)(shan)中的千(qian)萬種野草(cao)(cao)(cao)、野果,危(wei)險的是在品嘗(chang)百(bai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)時多(duo)(duo)次中毒,甚至多(duo)(duo)次昏死過去(qu)。神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)的精神(shen)感(gan)動了(le)(le)天(tian)(tian)帝(di),天(tian)(tian)帝(di)便賜(si)“神(shen)鞭(bian)”一(yi)條(tiao)。神(shen)鞭(bian)抽(chou)到(dao)草(cao)(cao)(cao)木(mu)上(shang),鞭(bian)子立刻變色,若(ruo)是白(bai)色,草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是涼性(xing)的;若(ruo)是紅色,草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是熱性(xing)的;若(ruo)是黑色,草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是有(you)劇毒的;若(ruo)無變化(hua),證明此草(cao)(cao)(cao)木(mu)無藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)。神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)靠鞭(bian)子抽(chou)和品嘗(chang)這兩種方法(fa),認(ren)識(shi)了(le)(le)許許多(duo)(duo)多(duo)(duo)中草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),掌(zhang)握了(le)(le)它們(men)(men)的品性(xing)。于是神(shen)農(nong)背著藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)簍,爬山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡,攀(pan)懸崖,越絕壁,歷盡千(qian)辛萬苦在鰲背山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)采(cai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。一(yi)次,不小心(xin)從山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡上(shang)滾(gun)下來,藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)簍里的藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)撒到(dao)了(le)(le)山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡上(shang),從此,這山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)又(you)神(shen)奇地長出了(le)(le)許多(duo)(duo)種藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材。神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)把(ba)采(cai)來的草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)分發給(gei)人(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)治病,并教人(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)認(ren)識(shi)草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),從此,人(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)患病就有(you)草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)醫治了(le)(le)。后(hou)(hou)來,他還撰(zhuan)寫(xie)了(le)(le)一(yi)部醫書,名叫《百(bai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)醫藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)書》,后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)把(ba)它稱為經(jing)典《神(shen)農(nong)百(bai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)》,鰲背山(shan)(shan)(shan)從此就有(you)人(ren)(ren)叫它藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)柜山(shan)(shan)(shan)。據傳說,后(hou)(hou)來曾有(you)無數(shu)仙道醫家,紛(fen)紛(fen)上(shang)鰲背山(shan)(shan)(shan)修煉采(cai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),廣傳有(you)孫(sun)思(si)邈、李時珍、呂洞賓(bin)等(deng)。
炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)在藥柜山采(cai)藥時,發(fa)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)許(xu)多能(neng)吃(chi)的(de)(de)(de)東西,就叫(jiao)人們(men)采(cai)野果(guo)充饑。野果(guo)越采(cai)越少,人們(men)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)忍饑挨餓,饑寒交迫,炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)心(xin)里更是(shi)(shi)(shi)著急。一(yi)天(tian)(tian)采(cai)食物(wu)(wu)時累得筋(jin)疲(pi)力盡,就靠(kao)著一(yi)棵很高的(de)(de)(de)大樹(shu)睡著了(le)(le)(le)。夢中,他(ta)(ta)輕(qing)飄飄來(lai)到天(tian)(tian)上的(de)(de)(de)粟(su)宮。這粟(su)宮是(shi)(shi)(shi)專管種(zhong)(zhong)植五谷(gu)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang),到處是(shi)(shi)(shi)無邊無際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)稼(jia)。這可(ke)喜壞了(le)(le)(le)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di),他(ta)(ta)趕緊采(cai)了(le)(le)(le)很多種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),可(ke)怎么也(ye)拿不動,著急的(de)(de)(de)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)身汗,心(xin)一(yi)激(ji)靈,睜開了(le)(le)(le)眼睛(jing),原(yuan)來(lai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)場(chang)夢。炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)心(xin)想,難(nan)道天(tian)(tian)上真有(you)有(you)五谷(gu)?于是(shi)(shi)(shi)神(shen)農(nong)氏就變成了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)條蒼(cang)龍,飛(fei)到了(le)(le)(le)天(tian)(tian)庭粟(su)宮,果(guo)然(ran)找(zhao)到了(le)(le)(le)谷(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)。可(ke)是(shi)(shi)(shi)那里當官的(de)(de)(de)特(te)別小氣(qi),只給炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)一(yi)小匣子(zi)谷(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)。炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)很不高興(xing),十分(fen)珍惜地(di)(di)(di)(di)懷揣谷(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)回到了(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)居住(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)待(dai)落嶺。神(shen)農(nong)氏就在待(dai)落嶺上挑選雙合寨(zhai)(zhai)北面(mian)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥沃的(de)(de)(de)洼地(di)(di)(di)(di),精耕(geng)細(xi)作,又在鍘刀縫(feng)開鑿天(tian)(tian)井“一(yi)碗水(shui)”,取水(shui)澆地(di)(di)(di)(di),然(ran)后(hou)小心(xin)翼翼地(di)(di)(di)(di)播種(zhong)(zhong)下從(cong)天(tian)(tian)上取來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)谷(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)。誰知道這匣子(zi)雖小,匣里的(de)(de)(de)谷(gu)物(wu)(wu)多得很,一(yi)直(zhi)往外倒一(yi)直(zhi)有(you)。更驚奇的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi),他(ta)(ta)從(cong)一(yi)頭下種(zhong)(zhong),達到另一(yi)頭后(hou),莊(zhuang)(zhuang)稼(jia)就熟了(le)(le)(le)。這就是(shi)(shi)(shi)人們(men)一(yi)直(zhi)傳說的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)奇的(de)(de)(de)回耬(lou)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。他(ta)(ta)急忙找(zhao)來(lai)許(xu)多子(zi)孫幫忙,并把收獲的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)分(fen)發(fa)給他(ta)(ta)們(men),教他(ta)(ta)們(men)如何(he)開墾土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di),鑿井引泉,供人食用和灌溉田地(di)(di)(di)(di)。從(cong)此(ci),人們(men)寒來(lai)暑往,春種(zhong)(zhong)夏(xia)播,秋(qiu)收冬藏(zang),炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)子(zi)民生活(huo)溫飽有(you)了(le)(le)(le)保障。據傳,他(ta)(ta)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)稼(jia),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)世所說的(de)(de)(de)五谷(gu):麥、稻、黍、稷(ji)、菽。從(cong)此(ci),神(shen)農(nong)氏雙合寨(zhai)(zhai)上播百(bai)(bai)谷(gu)一(yi)直(zhi)傳為佳話。人們(men)一(yi)直(zhi)說,回耬(lou)地(di)(di)(di)(di)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)民間百(bai)(bai)谷(gu)之源,待(dai)落嶺雙合寨(zhai)(zhai)也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)神(shen)農(nong)氏住(zhu)和生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)。
傳說中(zhong)的(de)(de)顓(zhuan)頊,是(shi)統治宇宙的(de)(de)黃帝后裔(yi)(yi);傳說中(zhong)的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong),是(shi)統治地上十分(fen)之七水域的(de)(de)水神共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)。共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)炎(yan)帝后裔(yi)(yi)火(huo)(huo)神祝融的(de)(de)兒子,生著人(ren)面(mian)蛇身(shen)赤(chi)發,性(xing)情暴烈(lie),身(shen)乘二龍“振滔(tao)(掀動)洪(hong)水”,去攻(gong)顓(zhuan)頊一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)。共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)手下(xia)(xia)兩員大(da)(da)將,一(yi)(yi)個叫(jiao)浮游(you)(you),一(yi)(yi)個叫(jiao)相柳。那相柳也是(shi)人(ren)面(mian)蛇身(shen),渾身(shen)青黑,長(chang)著九個腦袋,十分(fen)勇猛好(hao)戰。顓(zhuan)頊對共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)來犯早有準備(bei),即(ji)刻帶兵相迎(ying)。這(zhe)場(chang)爭斗十分(fen)殘酷,雙方(fang)(fang)都把(ba)自己所有的(de)(de)兵力(li)智謀全使了出(chu)來。他們從邵原直戰到昆(kun)侖(lun)山(shan)腳(jiao)下(xia)(xia)。共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)掀起狂波(bo)惡浪,用水去攻(gong)顓(zhuan)頊一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang);顓(zhuan)頊則(ze)放(fang)出(chu)熊(xiong)(xiong)熊(xiong)(xiong)的(de)(de)烈(lie)焰去燒共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)。終于共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)敵不過顓(zhuan)頊,九頭(tou)相柳當場(chang)被(bei)燒死。浮游(you)(you)被(bei)燒得焦頭(tou)爛額,拼(pin)死沖出(chu)火(huo)(huo)圍,終因傷(shang)勢過重(zhong)而死。性(xing)高(gao)氣盛的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)見(jian)狀大(da)(da)怒(nu),猛的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)撞向昆(kun)侖(lun)山(shan),只聽得轟(hong)隆隆、嘩啦(la)啦(la)一(yi)(yi)聲(sheng)巨響,昆(kun)侖(lun)山(shan)頂峰(feng)(feng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)被(bei)撞倒(dao)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)倒(dao)地,昆(kun)侖(lun)山(shan)變(bian)得不周(zhou)正了,即(ji)更(geng)名(ming)為“不周(zhou)山(shan)”,那被(bei)共(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)用頭(tou)頂倒(dao)的(de)(de)峰(feng)(feng)頂更(geng)名(ming)為“頭(tou)頂”(頭(tou)頂)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)乃是(shi)“西(xi)邊天(tian)(tian)(tian)”撐天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)柱(zhu)(zhu)子,天(tian)(tian)(tian)柱(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)倒(dao),大(da)(da)地傾斜(xie),天(tian)(tian)(tian)空的(de)(de)日月星辰站(zhan)不住腳(jiao),不由自主的(de)(de)向西(xi)移動,銀河水泄漏下(xia)(xia)來,大(da)(da)雨傾盆。大(da)(da)地的(de)(de)東南部下(xia)(xia)沉,大(da)(da)川小(xiao)河日夜(ye)不停地向東南方(fang)(fang)奔流。
大禹治水
傳說(shuo)(shuo)大(da)(da)禹(yu)在邵(shao)州一(yi)帶治(zhi)水時(shi),要用木(mu)棍(gun)(gun)(gun)探水深淺(qian),因為(wei)水的浮(fu)力大(da)(da),所以(yi)木(mu)棍(gun)(gun)(gun)探不(bu)到(dao)水底(di),大(da)(da)禹(yu)心中(zhong)十分著急(ji)。這時(shi),一(yi)位老農雙膝跪地,手捧一(yi)根發紅透亮,分量(liang)較(jiao)輕(qing)的木(mu)棍(gun)(gun)(gun)說(shuo)(shuo):“我主(zhu)勿躁,小民(min)獻上一(yi)物可以(yi)幫你探測水的深淺(qian)。”大(da)(da)禹(yu)接過木(mu)棍(gun)(gun)(gun),半(ban)信半(ban)疑地探入河中(zhong),誰知此棍(gun)(gun)(gun)竟立(li)于河中(zhong)不(bu)漂(piao)不(bu)倒(dao)直至河底(di)。大(da)(da)禹(yu)高(gao)興極(ji)了,驚嘆道:“真(zhen)乃神棍(gun)(gun)(gun)也(ye)!”后來(lai)大(da)(da)禹(yu)稱皇帝后,“龍持木(mu)棍(gun)(gun)(gun)”的美名遍傳天下,價增百(bai)倍。時(shi)至今(jin)日(ri),邵(shao)原北(bei)山(shan)原始森(sen)林中(zhong)仍有幾(ji)棵珍貴(gui)的龍持木(mu)樹。
禹(yu)(yu)治(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)前(qian)黃(huang)河水(shui)(shui)在邵(shao)州一(yi)帶汪(wang)洋一(yi)片,泛(fan)濫成災,大(da)禹(yu)(yu)經過充分勘察后,決計(ji)導(dao)北(bei)水(shui)(shui)南(nan)流。他首(shou)先在邵(shao)原北(bei)部積石(shi)成山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)把南(nan)北(bei)走向(xiang)(xiang)的太行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)阻(zu)斷,使(shi)北(bei)水(shui)(shui)東流入(ru)濟。這(zhe)“積石(shi)之山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)”就(jiu)是(shi)現在陽城縣境(jing)內(nei)的“鎖泉嶺”。為疏導(dao)北(bei)水(shui)(shui)入(ru)黃(huang)河,用神(shen)鞭趕水(shui)(shui),至今東陽河一(yi)峽谷中石(shi)壁(bi)上仍留(liu)有神(shen)鞭印,人你“鞭壁(bi)崖”。大(da)水(shui)(shui)流至邵(shao)原正南(nan),那時(shi)伏(fu)牛(niu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)與北(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)相連(lian),齊刷刷阻(zu)斷了(le)黃(huang)河水(shui)(shui)去向(xiang)(xiang)。禹(yu)(yu)王斧劈(pi)大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),放水(shui)(shui)東去,形成了(le)后來的“八(ba)里(li)峽”,也叫“八(ba)里(li)胡同(tong)”。“八(ba)里(li)胡同(tong)”北(bei)邊有一(yi)個村莊叫“老禹(yu)(yu)洼”,相傳(chuan)是(shi)因大(da)禹(yu)(yu)治(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)時(shi)居住(zhu)而得名。村莊邊有一(yi)座山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)叫“八(ba)角山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)”,八(ba)角山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上有一(yi)個“神(shen)仙(xian)洞(dong)”,傳(chuan)說(shuo)大(da)禹(yu)(yu)曾取計(ji)“神(shen)仙(xian)洞(dong)”,石(shi)壁(bi)上還留(liu)有大(da)禹(yu)(yu)治(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)圖。
邵原北邊的黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)山原來是從天(tian)上下來的一(yi)條(tiao)黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)所管(guan),黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)生性殘暴,常(chang)給(gei)民(min)間降災(zai),人間常(chang)常(chang)久旱不(bu)雨(yu),莊稼枯死,百姓日子沒(mei)法過。在天(tian)上分管(guan)銀(yin)河(he)的那(nei)條(tiao)白(bai)龍(long)(long)就私自降了(le)(le)一(yi)場雨(yu),觸犯了(le)(le)“天(tian)條(tiao)”,也被天(tian)帝貶到黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)山,與(yu)黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)同管(guan)黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)山。從這兒以后,白(bai)龍(long)(long)經常(chang)體(ti)察民(min)情(qing),適時降雨(yu)。常(chang)獨霸黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)山、想怎(zen)樣(yang)干就怎(zen)樣(yang)干的黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)對(dui)白(bai)龍(long)(long)的做法很不(bu)滿,心(xin)里特別恨白(bai)龍(long)(long),就專(zhuan)和(he)白(bai)龍(long)(long)作對(dui),他(ta)們(men)倆爭斗不(bu)息。
人們對黑(hei)龍(long)(long)的(de)狂暴極為不平,又十分(fen)同情白龍(long)(long)的(de)不幸遭遇,經常祈(qi)求天帝赦免白龍(long)(long)之罪,掌管(guan)黑(hei)龍(long)(long)山(shan)。天帝沒辦(ban)法(fa),傳話(hua)民(min)間:“要想重登靈宵閣(ge),除(chu)非(fei)金豆開花(hua)時(shi)。”
有(you)一年(nian)二(er)(er)月(yue)二(er)(er),邵原一老太(tai)(tai)太(tai)(tai)上(shang)市趕集,無意中將玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)撒了(le)一地,在太(tai)(tai)陽照耀下金光燦爛,好像滿地金豆(dou)(dou)。有(you)讀書人見了(le)大醒悟過(guo)來,趕緊(jin)把玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)粒放鍋內炒熟,把玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)花(hua)獻給上(shang)天。太(tai)(tai)上(shang)老君眼(yan)花(hua),誤認為金豆(dou)(dou)開了(le)花(hua),奏本天帝,赦免了(le)白龍(long)之罪。白龍(long)這才回(hui)到天界(jie),而人間那個(ge)白龍(long)池和白龍(long)溝仍留在邵原人們的(de)心上(shang)。邵原一帶的(de)老百(bai)姓,每(mei)年(nian)二(er)(er)月(yue)二(er)(er)家家戶(hu)戶(hu)炒玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)花(hua),就是為了(le)紀(ji)念這件事。
白龍回天庭后(hou),黑(hei)龍更加(jia)殘暴,經常出(chu)來(lai)(lai)傷害人。“神住(zhu)溝”有一位剛(gang)成親的年輕獵人,決意(yi)上山除掉黑(hei)龍。年輕獵人剛(gang)走到黑(hei)龍山腳下,山頂那(nei)個黑(hei)龍使來(lai)(lai)滾(gun)滾(gun)的黑(hei)云,夾雜(za)著雷鳴電(dian)閃向(xiang)他撲來(lai)(lai)。獵手情知不妙,急忙拈弓搭箭,一股難(nan)以抗拒的強大吸(xi)力(li)向(xiang)他襲來(lai)(lai),他頓(dun)覺眼花體(ti)軟被黑(hei)龍吸(xi)入嘴里,只(zhi)有那(nei)只(zhi)繡鞋隨風(feng)被吹到鰲(ao)背山上的崖(ya)坎里。直到共工(gong)怒(nu)觸不周山后(hou),作惡(e)多(duo)端(duan)的黑(hei)龍,才(cai)被女(nv)媧(wa)把他斬首(shou)在待落嶺上了(le)。人們(men)為(wei)(wei)了(le)紀念那(nei)位勇(yong)敢善良的獵手,把鰲(ao)背山上那(nei)個崖(ya)坎取名為(wei)(wei)“繡鞋龕”。婦女(nv)們(men)為(wei)(wei)效仿(fang)那(nei)位賢惠(hui)多(duo)情的妻子,便在這里留下了(le)丈夫死后(hou)女(nv)人須穿白鞋行孝(xiao)三年的風(feng)俗。
邵原創(chuang)世神(shen)話的豐富內容(rong),表現(xian)了中(zhong)(zhong)原先民同時也表現(xian)了中(zhong)(zhong)華民族在人(ren)與(yu)自然、人(ren)與(yu)社會、人(ren)與(yu)人(ren)、人(ren)自身之間的關系以及矛盾、沖(chong)突和抗爭,并在對立統一的進程中(zhong)(zhong)走向和諧,積(ji)淀著民族的人(ren)文精神(shen)。
邵(shao)原創世神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)被(bei)譽(yu)之(zhi)為(wei)“唯美”的(de)(de)(de)(de)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua),具(ju)有道德化(hua)、倫理(li)化(hua)、哲理(li)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)魅力。邵(shao)原創世神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)底蘊厚重,哲理(li)思想古(gu)今(jin)傳(chuan)承(cheng)。盤(pan)古(gu)、女媧作為(wei)中(zhong)華民(min)族血脈同根(gen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)先祖和英(ying)雄形象(xiang),其(qi)蘊涵的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)天辟地、開(kai)拓創新(xin)、無所(suo)畏懼、勇往(wang)(wang)直(zhi)前、自(zi)(zi)強不(bu)息、繼往(wang)(wang)開(kai)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen);其(qi)鞠躬(gong)盡(jin)瘁(cui)、垂(chui)死化(hua)身、甘于奉獻、不(bu)怕犧牲的(de)(de)(de)(de)美德;其(qi)造福人(ren)(ren)類、懲惡揚善(shan)、以人(ren)(ren)為(wei)本、護民(min)佑民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高貴(gui)品格;其(qi)自(zi)(zi)強、自(zi)(zi)信、自(zi)(zi)勤、自(zi)(zi)愛的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),都(dou)對(dui)我國(guo)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形成(cheng)和豐(feng)富(fu),具(ju)有極為(wei)珍貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值(zhi),對(dui)提(ti)升(sheng)民(min)族文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)覺(jue)起(qi)到促進作用。濟源邵(shao)原創世神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)群厚重的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化(hua)容量,必(bi)將與(yu)時(shi)俱(ju)進地釋放出新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光彩(cai),成(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)華民(min)族共享的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)文(wen)化(hua)財富(fu)。邵(shao)原是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)創世文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)然遺(yi)存,極其(qi)珍貴(gui),研究邵(shao)原創世神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)群,從(cong)一(yi)定(ding)意義(yi)上(shang)來(lai)說(shuo)對(dui)提(ti)升(sheng)民(min)族自(zi)(zi)信心,增強民(min)族凝(ning)聚(ju)力,是(shi)(shi)非常(chang)有意義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。