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一.產品介紹

焦溪二(er)花臉豬原產于武進焦溪舜山一帶，已有400多年(nian)(nian)歷史，豬肉細嫩(nen)多汁(zhi)、香濃味美(mei)且膠原蛋白豐(feng)富，是產地(di)農(nong)民(min)的一項傳統副業，也(ye)是農(nong)民(min)增收致富、帶動地(di)方經濟(ji)繁榮發(fa)展的一個特色種源(yuan)產業。二(er)花臉豬是我國寶(bao)貴的遺(yi)傳資源(yuan)，20世紀被(bei)列為(wei)“國寶(bao)”，2000年(nian)(nian)被(bei)農(nong)業部列入中國地(di)方豬遺(yi)傳資源(yuan)保護名錄，仍(reng)然是當今(jin)培育二(er)元母豬最佳第一母本。

二.自然生態環(huan)境和(he)人文(wen)歷史因素(su)

1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地貌情況：本區(qu)(qu)域屬鄭橫(heng)圩田地區(qu)(qu)，其(qi)間錯(cuo)落分布著由(you)石灰巖(yan)風化形成(cheng)的(de)舜山(shan)(shan)、鳳凰山(shan)(shan)、橫(heng)山(shan)(shan)等(deng)低山(shan)(shan)丘陵，地勢低平，河網密(mi)布，低山(shan)(shan)丘陵僅(jin)占4%。平田的(de)地面高程在3m以下，成(cheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)母質既有(you)(you)(you)河湖相(xiang)沉積物也有(you)(you)(you)長江沖積物，主要土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤類型有(you)(you)(you)黃泥土(tu)(tu)(tu)、烏柵土(tu)(tu)(tu)和沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)，根據(ju)第二次土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤普(pu)查，耕作層(ceng)平均(jun)PH值(zhi)7.43、有(you)(you)(you)機質21.8g/kg、全氮(dan)（N）1.43 g/kg 、全磷(lin)(lin)（五氧(yang)(yang)化二磷(lin)(lin)）1.26g/kg、速效(xiao)磷(lin)(lin)（五氧(yang)(yang)化二磷(lin)(lin)）27.6 mg/kg、速效(xiao)鉀（氧(yang)(yang)化鉀）104.0mg/kg。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤養分豐(feng)富，磷(lin)(lin)素(su)含量(liang)特高，水作旱作都適宜，為(wei)全區(qu)(qu)所獨有(you)(you)(you)。另據(ju)抽樣調查，耕作層(ceng)平均(jun)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)鋅(xin)（Zn）6.2 mg/kg、易(yi)還原態錳（Mn）191 mg/kg、有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)硼(peng)(peng)（B）0.32 mg/kg、有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)硅（SiO2）345 mg/kg，鋅(xin)、硅有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)量(liang)豐(feng)富，錳、硼(peng)(peng)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)量(liang)中等(deng)，但相(xiang)對(dui)全區(qu)(qu)而言微量(liang)元(yuan)素(su)含量(liang)都是(shi)高的(de)。 

2、水(shui)(shui)文情況：本區(qu)域屬長江(jiang)下游太湖流(liu)(liu)域水(shui)(shui)網區(qu)，區(qu)內有水(shui)(shui)域面積(ji)近3萬畝(mu)，占總土地面積(ji)的(de)15%。河流(liu)(liu)縱橫密布，形成以舜(shun)河、三(san)山港為(wei)(wei)徑，北塘河為(wei)(wei)緯，北通長江(jiang)，南聯運(yun)河的(de)水(shui)(shui)系。長江(jiang)為(wei)(wei)來水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源，運(yun)河為(wei)(wei)排水(shui)(shui)通道。 

3、氣(qi)候情況：本區(qu)域位(wei)于(yu)北(bei)亞熱帶(dai)北(bei)緣(yuan)，屬海洋性氣(qi)候，四季(ji)分(fen)明(ming)、雨(yu)(yu)量充(chong)沛、無霜(shuang)期長。全年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)溫度15.5℃，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份2.4℃，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份28.2℃。年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數平(ping)均(jun)(jun)為2005.8小(xiao)時(shi)，年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)百分(fen)率平(ping)均(jun)(jun)為47%，以7、8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份最(zui)高(gao)，分(fen)別為54%和(he)62%，3～5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份多連續陰雨(yu)(yu)，日(ri)照(zhao)百分(fen)率僅40%左(zuo)右。年(nian)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量1066毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份37.1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)163.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)；每年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬至5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬是“桃花水(shui)(shui)”主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)時(shi)段(duan)，6～7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為梅(mei)(mei)雨(yu)(yu)期，梅(mei)(mei)雨(yu)(yu)期平(ping)均(jun)(jun)21天(tian)左(zuo)右，降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量223.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)。初(chu)霜(shuang)日(ri)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)為11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)10日(ri)，最(zui)早為10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri)；終霜(shuang)日(ri)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)為3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)28日(ri)，最(zui)晚為4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)；平(ping)均(jun)(jun)霜(shuang)期138天(tian)，最(zui)多166天(tian)，最(zui)少83天(tian)。平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)(shui)面蒸(zheng)發量為1573.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)。冬季(ji)受(shou)大陸冷高(gao)壓影(ying)響(xiang)多西北(bei)風(feng)(feng)，并(bing)有寒潮(chao)侵(qin)襲(xi)；春(chun)季(ji)處于(yu)冷暖(nuan)空氣(qi)交(jiao)鋒(feng)頻(pin)繁和(he)春(chun)夏季(ji)風(feng)(feng)交(jiao)替季(ji)節，氣(qi)溫冷暖(nuan)多變(bian)。夏季(ji)受(shou)副熱帶(dai)高(gao)壓影(ying)響(xiang)，天(tian)氣(qi)炎熱多雨(yu)(yu)，常有東南季(ji)風(feng)(feng)，夏初(chu)常有梅(mei)(mei)雨(yu)(yu)，夏末易受(shou)臺風(feng)(feng)影(ying)響(xiang)，秋季(ji)副熱帶(dai)高(gao)壓逐漸(jian)減弱，偏西風(feng)(feng)開始增強。自然災害(hai)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有干旱、澇漬、連陰雨(yu)(yu)、低(di)溫冷害(hai)、冰雹、臺風(feng)(feng)、龍卷(juan)風(feng)(feng)等。 

4、人(ren)文歷史情況(kuang)：武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)古(gu)稱延(yan)陵(ling)邑(yi)，在(zai)春(chun)秋戰國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)吳(wu)(wu)季(ji)札封地(di)(di)(di)(di)，秦置(zhi)延(yan)陵(ling)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，漢(han)改(gai)毗(pi)陵(ling)、毗(pi)壇，晉(jin)稱晉(jin)陵(ling)，并分(fen)(fen)丹徒、曲阿以(yi)東(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)另置(zhi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。此(ci)后晉(jin)陵(ling)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)兩(liang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)而(er)(er)分(fen)(fen)、分(fen)(fen)而(er)(er)合(he)，數(shu)易(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)名。清雍正四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1726年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))分(fen)(fen)置(zhi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)、陽(yang)湖(hu)(hu)兩(liang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，至辛亥革命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當(dang)(dang)(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)合(he)為(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)。中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)29年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))至34年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)抗日(ri)戰爭縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境(jing)淪陷(xian)期(qi)(qi)間(jian)，鄉(xiang)(xiang)區分(fen)(fen)別屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)領(ling)導建(jian)(jian)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)南、澄西、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(北)和(he)(he)(he)金(jin)丹武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)四縣(xian)(xian)(xian)抗日(ri)民(min)(min)主政府管轄(xia)；1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)23日(ri)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境(jing)解(jie)放，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)析(xi)出(chu)建(jian)(jian)立(li)常(chang)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)。此(ci)后武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)先(xian)后屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)州(zhou)、蘇(su)州(zhou)、鎮(zhen)(zhen)江(jiang)(jiang)專區(地(di)(di)(di)(di)區)，1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)改(gai)屬常(chang)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)。1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)撤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)設市(shi)(shi)。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)撤市(shi)(shi)設區。 早在(zai)5000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)境(jing)內(nei)就有(you)人(ren)類定(ding)居，勞動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息。據戚墅堰(yan)圩墩(dun)(dun)(dun)、青(qing)龍鄉(xiang)(xiang)潘家塘、鄭(zheng)陸(lu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)寺墩(dun)(dun)(dun)、橫林鎮(zhen)(zhen)青(qing)墩(dun)(dun)(dun)、湖(hu)(hu)塘鎮(zhen)(zhen)金(jin)雞(ji)墩(dun)(dun)(dun)等(deng)(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)發掘的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)文物(wu)(wu)證明，其(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)已(yi)(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)些新石器時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)始社會村落，使用(yong)石器從(cong)事農(nong)(nong)(nong)耕漁獵，并掌握了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)制陶(tao)和(he)(he)(he)玉石雕(diao)刻(ke)工藝。湖(hu)(hu)塘鎮(zhen)(zhen)境(jing)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)淹城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址，建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)周，距(ju)今(jin)2500年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)左右(you)，有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)各三(san)道，是(shi)我國(guo)(guo)現存(cun)(cun)最古(gu)老、保存(cun)(cun)最完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壘土(tu)(tu)所筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池。雪堰(yan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)無錫縣(xian)(xian)(xian)胡(hu)埭鄉(xiang)(xiang)交界(jie)(jie)(jie)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)闔閭(lv)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址，相傳系春(chun)秋戰國(guo)(guo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)吳(wu)(wu)王闔閭(lv)伐楚還師(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)所建(jian)(jian)。 武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業歷史也十(shi)分(fen)(fen)悠(you)久。戚墅堰(yan)圩墩(dun)(dun)(dun)遺(yi)址出(chu)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)下(xia)(xia)頦骨，經(jing)考證已(yi)(yi)有(you)6000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)左右(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史；到(dao)春(chun)秋時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)，吳(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)已(yi)(yi)在(zai)今(jin)蘇(su)南發展畜(chu)牧業，《吳(wu)(wu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)書(shu)》記(ji)載(zai)：“匠門(men)(men)外(wai)沙里中(zhong)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)五里有(you)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)墳，是(shi)吳(wu)(wu)王畜(chu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)所；……”；從(cong)常(chang)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)南門(men)(men)出(chu)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西漢(han)陶(tao)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舍(she)和(he)(he)(he)西郊出(chu)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西漢(han)陶(tao)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，說明了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)養豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發達程度(du)；據明末的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沈氏(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)書(shu)記(ji)載(zai)，母豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)胎(tai)可育(yu)(yu)成(cheng)小豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)14頭，可見當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)已(yi)(yi)經(jing)選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)出(chu)優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。而(er)(er)焦(jiao)溪(xi)(xi)則(ze)歷來(lai)(lai)是(shi)有(you)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)集散地(di)(di)(di)(di)，元代(dai)(dai)(dai)朱(zhu)澤(ze)民(min)(min)在(zai)《游三(san)山(shan)(shan)記(ji)》中(zhong)就用(yong)“……河復(fu)自(zi)灣過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)佗(tuo)村而(er)(er)北，皆美(mei)(mei)田沃壤，斥堠(hou)相望，迤儷青(qing)山(shan)(shan)迎棹，樵歌牧唱，相與(yu)應(ying)(ying)答。舟人(ren)廻牽(qian)，沿山(shan)(shan)前(qian)小河而(er)(er)行，村墟(xu)相接，岸柳交映，兩(liang)山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)間(jian)，浦溆縈帶(dai)(dai)，北通江(jiang)(jiang)口(kou)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)名石堰(yan)。既而(er)(er)舟轉，兩(liang)岸板(ban)橋為(wei)(wei)梁，即三(san)山(shan)(shan)塢。其(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)民(min)(min)居輳集，屋(wu)瓦參差，稻秸堆委，連衢比巷(xiang)，如墉如櫛，風俗熙(xi)熙(xi)，翁呼兒蕘(rao)，婦(fu)飯姑汲(ji)；牛羊在(zai)山(shan)(shan)，犬豕(shi)在(zai)圈；鳥噪于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)林，雞(ji)登(deng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)屋(wu)；藹然(ran)太平豐稔之(zhi)象，若古(gu)朱(zhu)陳村焉。……”（摘自(zi)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)陽(yang)合(he)志·輿(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)志》）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)描(miao)述，記(ji)錄了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)焦(jiao)溪(xi)(xi)街鎮(zhen)(zhen)（石堰(yan)現為(wei)(wei)焦(jiao)溪(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)村）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)(fan)華(hua)熱(re)鬧(nao)景象。 從(cong)明代(dai)(dai)(dai)萬歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)起，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)東(dong)北部沿舜(shun)山(shan)(shan)腳下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)在(zai)當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獨特(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)環(huan)境(jing)、氣候條件下(xia)(xia)，通過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)長期(qi)(qi)選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)，培育(yu)(yu)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)焦(jiao)溪(xi)(xi)二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。乾(qian)隆30年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)編(bian)修的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)陽(yang)湖(hu)(hu)合(he)志》之(zhi)《輿(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)志》中(zhong)，有(you)“燕(yan)飲昔崇儉素，近亦(yi)(yi)漸(jian)流豐腴，甚或華(hua)燈廣坐，選(xuan)部征歌。雖著繁(fan)(fan)昌，殊乖撙節(jie)，魚麗萬物(wu)(wu)，盛多(duo)羔羊，節(jie)儉之(zhi)應(ying)(ying)也非，士大夫責(ze)歟。”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai)。可見當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活水(shui)平之(zhi)高(gao)(gao)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)隨著人(ren)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大量(liang)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)利(li)用(yong)率日(ri)益提高(gao)(gao)，由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)擴大了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)糧食作物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積，加(jia)(jia)上(shang)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)復(fu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)指(zhi)數(shu)提高(gao)(gao)，耕作精(jing)細，有(you)機(ji)肥料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求量(liang)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，養豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業隨之(zhi)得(de)到(dao)進(jin)(jin)—步發展。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)作物(wu)(wu)加(jia)(jia)工副(fu)(fu)產(chan)品(pin)多(duo)，加(jia)(jia)上(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)糧食和(he)(he)(he)油料(liao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)加(jia)(jia)工副(fu)(fu)產(chan)品(pin)亦(yi)(yi)較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)，精(jing)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)充足，青(qing)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)亦(yi)(yi)比過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)去增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，均(jun)有(you)助于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)縮短(duan)飼(si)(si)(si)養期(qi)(qi)；亦(yi)(yi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)精(jing)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)以(yi)大麥(mai)、米糠、麥(mai)麩(fu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)為(wei)(wei)主，青(qing)料(liao)以(yi)南瓜、蘿卜(bu)，青(qing)草和(he)(he)(he)水(shui)浮(fu)蓮、水(shui)葫(hu)蘆，水(shui)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)為(wei)(wei)主，在(zai)當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)些飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)磷多(duo)鈣少，有(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)殖器官的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發育(yu)(yu)；而(er)(er)且當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)養豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)采用(yong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)墊土(tu)(tu)墊草的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軟(ruan)圈積肥方式，豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)只終年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)飼(si)(si)(si)養于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)光線較(jiao)(jiao)暗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)舍(she)內(nei)，很少運動(dong)。這(zhe)樣經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)長期(qi)(qi)選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)，逐漸(jian)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)型(xing)中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)、耳大而(er)(er)軟(ruan)、額多(duo)皺紋、背腰較(jiao)(jiao)軟(ruan)而(er)(er)腹(fu)垂，臥(wo)系、性(xing)情溫馴、耐粗飼(si)(si)(si)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長快(kuai)速、繁(fan)(fan)殖力高(gao)(gao)，肉(rou)質鮮美(mei)(mei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)特(te)(te)(te)征和(he)(he)(he)特(te)(te)(te)性(xing)。這(zhe)一(yi)由(you)原(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)群眾長期(qi)(qi)培育(yu)(yu)而(er)(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)我國(guo)(guo)獨有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)產(chan)仔率高(gao)(gao)、母性(xing)好、耐粗飼(si)(si)(si)、肉(rou)質鮮美(mei)(mei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)特(te)(te)(te)點聞名于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)乃至全(quan)世界(jie)(jie)(jie)，被(bei)國(guo)(guo)際畜(chu)牧界(jie)(jie)(jie)譽為(wei)(wei)“世界(jie)(jie)(jie)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)仔之(zhi)王”， 二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)產(chan)仔和(he)(he)(he)肉(rou)質鮮美(mei)(mei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)性(xing)狀正是(shi)改(gai)良(liang)(liang)世界(jie)(jie)(jie)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)立(li)我國(guo)(guo)配套系養豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源，其(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)價(jia)值(zhi)不(bu)亞于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)寶大熊貓。 解(jie)放以(yi)來(lai)(lai)，黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)政府十(shi)分(fen)(fen)重視焦(jiao)溪(xi)(xi)二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)與(yu)選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)，80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)被(bei)列為(wei)(wei)“國(guo)(guo)寶”，2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業部又將其(qi)(qi)(qi)列入中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遺(yi)傳資源保護名錄。自(zi)20世紀60年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)起，江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)、浙江(jiang)(jiang)、上(shang)海環(huan)太湖(hu)(hu)流域一(yi)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)先(xian)后出(chu)口(kou)法(fa)國(guo)(guo)、匈牙利(li)、羅馬尼亞、朝鮮、日(ri)本、英(ying)國(guo)(guo)、美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)等(deng)(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)家，但(dan)二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)從(cong)未(wei)出(chu)口(kou)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)原(yuan)(yuan)因有(you)二(er)：一(yi)是(shi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)特(te)(te)(te)別優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)，屬國(guo)(guo)家機(ji)密，是(shi)“國(guo)(guo)寶”，不(bu)允(yun)許出(chu)口(kou)；二(er)是(shi)二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)只有(you)在(zai)當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)環(huan)境(jing)、養殖條件和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方式下(xia)(xia)才能(neng)(neng)保持，2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)某單位曾在(zai)南京試養過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)二(er)花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，但(dan)不(bu)到(dao)幾個(ge)月(yue)(yue)就變得(de)面目全(quan)非、性(xing)能(neng)(neng)變劣。

三.地域范圍

焦溪二花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)(zhu)原產地位于(yu)江蘇省常州(zhou)市(shi)武進區(qu)(qu)的鄭陸鎮(zhen)和橫(heng)山(shan)橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)，區(qu)(qu)域范圍北緯31°46′～32°04′，東經119°46′～120°12′。平原海拔高(gao)(gao)度3m以下(xia)（青(qing)(qing)島零點、下(xia)同），低(di)山(shan)丘陵(ling)最高(gao)(gao)峰115 m。東臨無錫(xi)市(shi)惠山(shan)區(qu)(qu)玉祁鎮(zhen)、江陰市(shi)桐岐(qi)鎮(zhen)，南接常州(zhou)市(shi)武進區(qu)(qu)遙觀鎮(zhen)、橫(heng)林鎮(zhen)，西(xi)(xi)毗常州(zhou)市(shi)天寧區(qu)(qu)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)街(jie)道(dao)、戚(qi)墅堰區(qu)(qu)潞城鎮(zhen)，北靠江陰市(shi)西(xi)(xi)石橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)、申港鎮(zhen)。目前有純種(zhong)公豬(zhu)(zhu)12頭(tou)(tou)、6個血(xue)統，核心群(qun)原種(zhong)母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)653頭(tou)(tou)、生產群(qun)母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)2118頭(tou)(tou)。2008年(nian)銷(xiao)售二花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)種(zhong)豬(zhu)(zhu)8100多(duo)頭(tou)(tou)，二花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)二元(yuan)種(zhong)母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)3200多(duo)頭(tou)(tou)，二花(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)商品豬(zhu)(zhu)7800多(duo)頭(tou)(tou)、500多(duo)噸，銷(xiao)售額1560萬元(yuan)。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)性(xing)特(te)征

1、外在(zai)感官特征。焦溪二花臉豬(zhu)品種(zhong)歷史悠久，地域特色(se)明顯(xian)；頭大額(e)寬，耳大下垂過(guo)下頜；嘴筒(tong)稍長且微(wei)(wei)凹，上有(you)(you)2～3道(dao)橫紋，額(e)部有(you)(you)明顯(xian)皺褶；四肢稍高，中軀(qu)稍長，背腰(yao)微(wei)(wei)凹，腹大下垂；后軀(qu)寬而(er)稍傾斜，被毛全(quan)黑稀疏；具有(you)(you)產子率高、母性好(hao)、耐粗(cu)飼(si)等特點；豬(zhu)肉色(se)澤鮮紅、有(you)(you)光(guang)澤，肌(ji)肉細嫩(nen)，肌(ji)間脂(zhi)肪豐富(fu)，呈(cheng)大理石狀；熟制后香味(wei)濃郁，細嫩(nen)多膠質，肥而(er)不膩，回味(wei)無窮。

2、安(an)全要求(qiu)。產品(pin)執行NY5029-2001《無公害食(shi)品(pin) 豬(zhu)肉(rou)》的(de)規定。