一.產品介紹
甘(gan)(gan)谷古(gu)稱(cheng)冀,公(gong)元前(qian)688年(nian)(秦武公(gong)十年(nian))建縣(xian), 迄今有(you)(you)2680年(nian),為全(quan)國縣(xian)制(zhi)肇始(shi)之地(di)(di),有(you)(you)“華夏第一(yi)縣(xian)”之稱(cheng)。是人文始(shi)祖(zu)伏羲氏(shi)、孔子(zi)七十二(er)賢(xian)人之一(yi)石作蜀、清(qing)初翰林院侍(shi)讀學士鞏建豐等名(ming)人先(xian)賢(xian)的(de)生(sheng)息之地(di)(di),是三國蜀漢大(da)將軍姜維等名(ming)人先(xian)賢(xian)誕生(sheng)之地(di)(di),世稱(cheng)姜維故里(li)。甘(gan)(gan)谷農業的(de)發展歷史悠(you)久,甘(gan)(gan)谷獨特(te)(te)的(de)地(di)(di)理位置(zhi)是中國北方大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)的(de)適宜栽(zai)培黃(huang)金緯度區之一(yi)。甘(gan)(gan)谷種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蔬菜歷史悠(you)久,種(zhong)(zhong)類繁多(duo),品(pin)(pin)(pin)質優(you)(you)良,甘(gan)(gan)谷大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)在明未(wei)清(qing)初就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。據甘(gan)(gan)谷縣(xian)志記載(zai):“清(qing)初主(zhu)要蔬菜有(you)(you)芹、韭、蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、蒜(suan)、薤、茄、白(bai)菜、菠菱、甜菠菜、蘿卜(黃(huang)、自、紅(hong)(hong)、青(qing)4種(zhong)(zhong))、芫荽、五撮、苣荬(mai)、馬(ma)齒莧、茨(ci)(慈(ci)姑)、椿頭、王(wang)瓜(gua)(黃(huang)瓜(gua))、甜瓜(gua)、西瓜(gua)、冬(dong)瓜(gua)、南瓜(gua)、葫蘆。蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)蒜(suan)類有(you)(you)12個品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong):紅(hong)(hong)根韭、白(bai)根韭、馬(ma)蓮韭、四川冬(dong)韭、漢中冬(dong)韭、甜蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、白(bai)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、小蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、龍蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、洋蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、紅(hong)(hong)蒜(suan)、白(bai)蒜(suan)。” 甘(gan)(gan)谷大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)生(sheng)產(chan)距今已(yi)有(you)(you)上百年(nian)歷史,特(te)(te)別(bie)是1987年(nian)就(jiu)(jiu)形成了(le)一(yi)定的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),1992年(nian)大(da)規模種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),特(te)(te)選大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、鐵稈(gan)王(wang)等優(you)(you)良品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)引(yin)進,經(jing)本地(di)(di)改造、選種(zhong)(zhong),成為高產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),形成了(le)以(yi)新興(xing)鎮(zhen)雒家村為主(zhu)的(de)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基地(di)(di),大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積1.8萬余畝,平均畝產(chan)5000 kg,總(zong)產(chan)量6.88萬噸。因其蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)長﹑產(chan)量高﹑品(pin)(pin)(pin)味(wei)濃郁在短短幾(ji)十年(nian)中成為我縣(xian)蔬菜的(de)主(zhu)打產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)之一(yi)。
二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素
1、土(tu)壤(rang)地貌情況(kuang) 大蔥(cong)生(sheng)長要(yao)求以土(tu)層深(shen)厚、排(pai)水良好、富含(han)(han)有(you)機質(zhi)的(de)壤(rang)土(tu)為最好,適(shi)宜的(de)土(tu)壤(rang)酸(suan)堿度為pH7.0~7.5,甘谷大蔥(cong)產(chan)區(qu)土(tu)壤(rang)主要(yao)為黃綿土(tu),壚土(tu)和(he)淀土(tu),土(tu)層深(shen)厚,質(zhi)地疏松,通(tong)透(tou)性(xing)好,適(shi)宜耕(geng)作,呈弱堿性(xing),pH值7.5-8,土(tu)壤(rang)肥(fei)力較高(gao),土(tu)壤(rang)中含(han)(han)有(you)豐富的(de)微(wei)量元(yuan)素和(he)礦物質(zhi),土(tu)壤(rang)中有(you)機質(zhi)1%左(zuo)右(you),全氮(dan)0.052%,全磷0.147%,速(su)效氮(dan)含(han)(han)量為43.34mg/kg,速(su)效磷含(han)(han)量5.03mg/kg,速(su)效鉀含(han)(han)量117.24mg/kg,加(jia)之(zhi)施(shi)用腐殖(zhi)質(zhi)含(han)(han)量較高(gao)的(de)有(you)機肥(fei)、豆粉等,極適(shi)宜大蔥(cong)的(de)生(sheng)長發育(yu)。
2、水(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況 我縣地(di)域遼(liao)闊(kuo),渭河(he)由(you)西向東橫貫全縣,土壤、水(shui)、氣資(zi)源污(wu)染(ran)少,年平均降雨量451mm,雨量分(fen)布由(you)南向北遞減,空氣較干燥。甘(gan)谷大(da)蔥產地(di)地(di)處甘(gan)谷縣渭河(he)南北淺山區,土壤灌(guan)溉主(zhu)要以(yi)純凈無污(wu)染(ran)的地(di)下水(shui)澆灌(guan)為主(zhu),以(yi)自然降水(shui)為輔。
3、氣(qi)候情況(kuang) 甘(gan)谷(gu)縣位于甘(gan)肅省東南部,典(dian)型的大陸性季風氣(qi)候。四季分(fen)明,年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫11.5 ℃,其(qi)中(zhong)最高(7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)均(jun)氣(qi)溫25.4 ℃,最低(1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)均(jun)氣(qi)溫-1.1 ℃,夏熱(re)無(wu)(wu)酷暑,冬(dong)冷無(wu)(wu)嚴寒(han)。全年日(ri)照2350小時(shi)左(zuo)右(you)(you),光照充足,日(ri)照率約50%,無(wu)(wu)霜期196天左(zuo)右(you)(you)。年均(jun)降水(shui)量(liang)451mm左(zuo)右(you)(you),分(fen)布極不均(jun)勻,一般一至(zhi)三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)雨(yu)量(liang)偏少(shao),七(qi)至(zhi)九月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)雨(yu)水(shui)較多(duo),冬(dong)干(gan)夏濕。適(shi)(shi)合(he)北方(fang)大部分(fen)農作物生長(chang),特(te)別是對(dui)蔬菜的種植極為有利,“六月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)壅,七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上,八(ba)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)再看蔥(cong)發旺”,8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)大蔥(cong)進入旺盛生長(chang)期,因而尤(you)其(qi)適(shi)(shi)合(he)大蔥(cong)種植。
三.地域范圍
甘(gan)谷縣(xian)(xian)位于甘(gan)肅省東(dong)南(nan)部(bu),天水(shui)市西北部(bu),渭河上游,渭河由西東(dong)橫貫(guan)全縣(xian)(xian),境內長度41.6公里。地(di)(di)處(chu)東(dong)經104°58′至(zhi)(zhi)105°31′,北緯34°31′至(zhi)(zhi)35°03′之間,甘(gan)谷境內山(shan)多川(chuan)少,氣候干燥,典(dian)型的大陸(lu)性季(ji)風(feng)氣候。甘(gan)谷東(dong)鄰秦安(an)縣(xian)(xian)、麥(mai)積區(qu),南(nan)接秦州區(qu)、禮(li)縣(xian)(xian),西與武山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)交界,北與通(tong)渭縣(xian)(xian)相連。甘(gan)谷大蔥產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)地(di)(di)處(chu)甘(gan)谷縣(xian)(xian)新(xin)興鎮(zhen)北淺(qian)山(shan)區(qu),該(gai)區(qu)域(yu)海拔(ba)1400-1600m,為黃(huang)土梁狀山(shan)地(di)(di),土質為黃(huang)綿(mian)土,有機質含量(liang)豐富,年平均氣溫(wen)11.5 ℃,年日照(zhao)(zhao)時數2131小(xiao)時,無霜期196天,年降水(shui)量(liang)451mm;地(di)(di)勢(shi)平坦、土層深厚、空氣清新(xin)、光照(zhao)(zhao)充足、灌溉條件良(liang)好、水(shui)質純凈無污染、區(qu)域(yu)內無工業污染,為天然綠色食品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)。 甘(gan)谷大蔥實施地(di)(di)理標(biao)志產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)保護范圍涉及新(xin)興、磐(pan)安(an)、六峰、大像(xiang)山(shan)鎮(zhen)、金山(shan)、八里灣、謝(xie)家灣、禮(li)辛(xin)、安(an)遠9鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)99村,目前,栽培面積達(da)到1300公頃,年產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)達(da)到5850噸(dun)。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征
1、外在感官特(te)征(zheng) 甘谷(gu)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)植(zhi)株高大(da),直立性強(qiang),外形粗壯挺(ting)拔,假(jia)莖較(jiao)長(chang),蔥(cong)(cong)白長(chang)40—60厘米,徑1—2.5厘米,蔥(cong)(cong)葉色鮮綠,管(guan)葉厚韌,質地脆(cui)嫩,辣(la)度(du)適中,香(xiang)辛濃(nong)郁,甘甜多汁(zhi),嚼之無絲,品(pin)質上佳。
2、內在品質(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao) 甘谷大(da)(da)蔥富(fu)含(han)多種(zhong)維生素、蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)、擴物(wu)質(zhi)、可溶(rong)性(xing)糖(tang)(tang)等(deng)。其中:富(fu)含(han)多種(zhong)維生素、蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)、礦物(wu)質(zhi)、可溶(rong)性(xing)糖(tang)(tang)等(deng)。其中干物(wu)質(zhi)80—90g/kg,維生素C 75—80mg/kg,粗(cu)纖維9—10 g/kg,粗(cu)蛋(dan)(dan)白9.2—10.5 g/kg,可溶(rong)性(xing)糖(tang)(tang)38—46g/kg,維生素B10.3—0.2mg/kg, 維生素 B2 0.13—0.27mg/kg,磷0.21—028g/kg,鎂120—130mg/kg,鈣430—441mg/kg,鐵1.03—1.13mg/kg,鋅(xin)1.95—2.04mg/kg,硫(liu)0.31—0.36g/kg。農藥殘留、重金屬指(zhi)標(biao)均(jun)符合綠色食(shi)品標(biao)準,甘谷大(da)(da)蔥的理化指(zhi)標(biao)達到綠色食(shi)品標(biao)準要求。
3、安全要求 甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)大蔥(cong)(cong)產地環(huan)(huan)境(jing)按(an)照NY/T 391(綠色食(shi)品產地環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量標準(zhun)(zhun))執行(xing);肥料(liao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)按(an)照NY/T 394(綠色食(shi)品肥料(liao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則(ze))執行(xing)。甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)縣對大蔥(cong)(cong)生產加工(gong)、包裝、貯運等一系列技術規范(fan)進行(xing)管理;農(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)達到了NY/T 393(綠色食(shi)品農(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則(ze))標準(zhun)(zhun),嚴禁使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)國家命令(ling)禁止使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的高劇毒農(nong)藥,嚴格(ge)執行(xing)農(nong)藥安全間(jian)隔期,經農(nong)藥殘(can)毒檢測合格(ge)方可(ke)上(shang)市。