防震錘原理
架空(kong)電力線(xian)(xian)路(lu)受風、冰、低溫等氣象條件的(de)作用,使線(xian)(xian)路(lu)產生(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)和動(dong)(dong)(dong)舞(wu)。振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)頻率(lv)較(jiao)高而振(zhen)幅很小,風振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)使架空(kong)線(xian)(xian)在懸(xuan)點處反復被拗折(zhe),引(yin)起材料疲勞,最后導致斷(duan)股、斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)事(shi)故。舞(wu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)頻率(lv)很低,而振(zhen)幅卻很大,很容易引(yin)起相(xiang)間閃絡,造成線(xian)(xian)路(lu)跳閘、停(ting)電或(huo)(huo)(huo)燒傷(shang)導線(xian)(xian)等嚴重(zhong)事(shi)故。防震錘只(zhi)是一段(duan)鐵棒。由于它加掛(gua)在線(xian)(xian)路(lu)塔桿懸(xuan)點處,以吸(xi)收(shou)或(huo)(huo)(huo)減弱(ruo)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)量(liang),改(gai)變線(xian)(xian)路(lu)搖擺頻率(lv),防止線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)舞(wu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。
防震錘作用
高(gao)壓架空線路的(de)檔距(ju)較大,桿塔也較高(gao),當導(dao)線受到大風(feng)吹動時(shi)(shi),會(hui)發生較強烈的(de)震(zhen)動。導(dao)線震(zhen)動時(shi)(shi),導(dao)線懸掛處的(de)工作(zuo)條(tiao)件最為不利。長時(shi)(shi)間和(he)周期(qi)性的(de)震(zhen)動,將造成導(dao)線疲勞損壞,使導(dao)線發生斷(duan)股、斷(duan)線。有時(shi)(shi)強烈的(de)震(zhen)動還會(hui)破壞金具和(he)絕緣子(zi)。
為了防止和減輕導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)震(zhen)動,一般在懸(xuan)掛(gua)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)夾(jia)的(de)(de)附近安裝一定數量的(de)(de)防震(zhen)錘。當導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)發生震(zhen)動時,防震(zhen)錘也上下運動。產生一個與導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)震(zhen)動不同步(bu)甚(shen)至(zhi)相反的(de)(de)作用力,可減少導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)震(zhen)幅,甚(shen)至(zhi)能消除(chu)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)震(zhen)動。
防震錘安裝距離如何計算
公(gong)式:S=0.98d√Tmin/W(0.75 1/1 0.125√Tmax/Tmin)×10的-3次方(米(mi)),其中(zhong),d-架空(kong)線(xian)直徑(毫米(mi));Tmax-最底(di)溫(wen)度時架空(kong)線(xian)張(zhang)力(公(gong)斤(jin));Tmin-最高溫(wen)度時架空(kong)線(xian)張(zhang)力(公(gong)斤(jin));W-架空(kong)線(xian)自重(公(gong)斤(jin)/米(mi))。