防震錘原理
架(jia)空電(dian)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)受風、冰、低溫等氣象條件的作(zuo)用(yong),使線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)產生(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)和動(dong)(dong)舞(wu)。振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)頻(pin)率(lv)較高(gao)而(er)振(zhen)幅很(hen)小,風振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)使架(jia)空線(xian)(xian)(xian)在懸點處(chu)(chu)反復被拗(ao)折,引起(qi)材料疲(pi)勞(lao),最(zui)后(hou)導致斷股、斷線(xian)(xian)(xian)事故。舞(wu)動(dong)(dong)的頻(pin)率(lv)很(hen)低,而(er)振(zhen)幅卻很(hen)大,很(hen)容易引起(qi)相(xiang)間閃絡(luo),造成線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)跳(tiao)閘、停電(dian)或燒(shao)傷導線(xian)(xian)(xian)等嚴重事故。防震錘只是一(yi)段鐵棒。由于它(ta)加掛在線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)塔(ta)桿懸點處(chu)(chu),以(yi)吸收或減弱(ruo)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)能量(liang),改變線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)搖擺頻(pin)率(lv),防止(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)的振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)或舞(wu)動(dong)(dong)。
防震錘作用
高(gao)壓架空線路的(de)(de)檔距較大,桿塔(ta)也較高(gao),當導線受到大風(feng)吹動(dong)(dong)時,會發生較強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)震動(dong)(dong)。導線震動(dong)(dong)時,導線懸掛處的(de)(de)工作條件最為(wei)不利。長(chang)時間和(he)(he)周(zhou)期性(xing)的(de)(de)震動(dong)(dong),將造成(cheng)導線疲(pi)勞損壞(huai),使(shi)導線發生斷股、斷線。有時強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)震動(dong)(dong)還會破(po)壞(huai)金具和(he)(he)絕緣子。
為了防止(zhi)和減(jian)輕導(dao)線(xian)的(de)震(zhen)動(dong),一(yi)般在懸掛(gua)導(dao)線(xian)線(xian)夾的(de)附近安(an)裝一(yi)定數量的(de)防震(zhen)錘。當(dang)導(dao)線(xian)發生震(zhen)動(dong)時,防震(zhen)錘也上下運動(dong)。產生一(yi)個與導(dao)線(xian)震(zhen)動(dong)不同(tong)步甚(shen)至相(xiang)反的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)力,可減(jian)少導(dao)線(xian)的(de)震(zhen)幅(fu),甚(shen)至能消除導(dao)線(xian)的(de)震(zhen)動(dong)。
防震錘安裝距離如何計算
公式:S=0.98d√Tmin/W(0.75 1/1 0.125√Tmax/Tmin)×10的-3次方(米),其中,d-架空(kong)(kong)(kong)線(xian)直徑(毫米);Tmax-最(zui)底(di)溫(wen)度(du)時(shi)架空(kong)(kong)(kong)線(xian)張力(公斤(jin));Tmin-最(zui)高溫(wen)度(du)時(shi)架空(kong)(kong)(kong)線(xian)張力(公斤(jin));W-架空(kong)(kong)(kong)線(xian)自重(zhong)(公斤(jin)/米)。