節能(neng)燈工作原(yuan)理(li) LED節能(neng)燈電路圖講(jiang)解

一、節能燈工作原理

節能(neng)，在這個(ge)高(gao)能(neng)耗的時代顯然是個(ge)當務之急，許多國家都把節能(neng)減排(pai)作(zuo)為(wei)工業建(jian)設和城市改造的首要(yao)任務。那么作(zuo)為(wei)國家鼓勵使用的節能(neng)燈，它有哪些結構組成(cheng)呢(ni)？它的工作(zuo)原(yuan)理又是什么呢(ni)？下面(mian)就讓小編為(wei)大(da)家一一講解吧！

節(jie)能燈(deng)實際(ji)上就是一種緊(jin)湊(cou)型、自帶鎮流器(qi)的(de)(de)日(ri)光燈(deng)，節(jie)能燈(deng)點燃時首先經(jing)過電子(zi)鎮流器(qi)給燈(deng)管燈(deng)絲加熱(re)，燈(deng)絲開(kai)端發射電子(zi)（由于在(zai)燈(deng)絲上涂(tu)了一些電子(zi)粉），電子(zi)碰撞(zhuang)充裝在(zai)燈(deng)管內的(de)(de)氬(ya)(ya)原(yuan)子(zi)，氬(ya)(ya)原(yuan)子(zi)碰撞(zhuang)后(hou)取(qu)得了能量又撞(zhuang)擊內部的(de)(de)汞(gong)原(yuan)子(zi)，汞(gong)原(yuan)子(zi)在(zai)吸(xi)收能量后(hou)躍遷產生(sheng)電離，燈(deng)管內構成等離子(zi)態。

燈(deng)(deng)管兩端電(dian)(dian)壓直接經過(guo)等離子態導通并發(fa)(fa)出253.7nm 的(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)外線，紫(zi)外線激起熒(ying)(ying)光粉(fen)發(fa)(fa)光，由于(yu)(yu)熒(ying)(ying)光燈(deng)(deng)工作時燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)的(de)(de)(de)溫度約在(zai)1160K左右，比白熾(chi)燈(deng)(deng)工作的(de)(de)(de)溫度2200K-2700K低很多，所以(yi)它的(de)(de)(de)壽命也大進步(bu)，到達5000小時以(yi)上，由于(yu)(yu)它運用效(xiao)(xiao)率較高的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子鎮流(liu)器(qi)，同時不存在(zai)白熾(chi)燈(deng)(deng)那樣的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)熱效(xiao)(xiao)應，熒(ying)(ying)光粉(fen)的(de)(de)(de)能量轉(zhuan)換效(xiao)(xiao)率高，到達每瓦(wa)50流(liu)明(ming)以(yi)上，所以(yi)節約電(dian)(dian)能。

二、led節能燈電路圖

文介紹的(de)LED節(jie)能燈電(dian)路(lu)圖利用220V電(dian)源供(gong)電(dian)，220V交換電(dian)經C1降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)容(rong)降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)后，經全橋整(zheng)流，再議決C2濾波后，經限流電(dian)阻R3給串聯(lian)的(de)80顆LED提供(gong)恒(heng)流電(dian)源(節(jie)能燈電(dian)路(lu)圖原理)

圖(tu) 1 led節(jie)能燈電(dian)路圖(tu)

圖1是(shi)(shi)一款貼片LED照明燈(deng)(deng)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實用電(dian)(dian)(dian)路圖，該(gai)燈(deng)(deng)利(li)用220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，220V交(jiao)換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)經(jing)C1降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)后經(jing)全橋(qiao)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)再議決(jue)C2濾(lv)波后經(jing)限流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R3給串(chuan)聯(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10顆(ke)貼片LED提供恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。貼片LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)20mA，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)我們在(zai)(zai)制作節能燈(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間要(yao)思(si)量(liang)許(xu)多方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素對(dui)(dui)貼片LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，包羅光(guang)(guang)衰和(he)發熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度對(dui)(dui)光(guang)(guang)衰和(he)壽命影響(xiang)很大(da)，要(yao)是(shi)(shi)散熱(re)(re)不(bu)好很容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)易孕育產生(sheng)光(guang)(guang)衰，因為(wei)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性是(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度升高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)就會增(zeng)大(da)，以(yi)是(shi)(shi)一樣平常在(zai)(zai)做大(da)功率(lv)照明時(shi)散熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)是(shi)(shi)最緊張的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，將(jiang)影響(xiang)到LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩固性，小功率(lv)一樣平常都采(cai)取(qu)(qu)自散熱(re)(re)要(yao)領，以(yi)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路計劃時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)不(bu)宜(yi)過(guo)大(da)。圖中(zhong)R1是(shi)(shi)掩護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，R2是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)C1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)卸放電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，R3是(shi)(shi)限流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻警備電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高(gao)和(he)溫(wen)(wen)度升高(gao)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大(da)，C2是(shi)(shi)濾(lv)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，實際在(zai)(zai)LED電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)可以(yi)不(bu)用濾(lv)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，C2是(shi)(shi)用來警備開燈(deng)(deng)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)對(dui)(dui)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陵犯(fan)，開燈(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬間因為(wei)C1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)(zai)會有(you)一個很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)LED將(jiang)會對(dui)(dui)LED孕育產生(sheng)損傷(shang)，有(you)了C2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介入，開燈(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)完全被C2汲取(qu)(qu)起(qi)到了開燈(deng)(deng)防打(da)擊掩護。該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路是(shi)(shi)小功率(lv)燈(deng)(deng)杯最實用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，占用體積小可以(yi)方(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝在(zai)(zai)空間較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)燈(deng)(deng)杯里，現在(zai)(zai)被燈(deng)(deng)杯產品普(pu)遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接納(na)。好處(chu)：恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)功耗小，體積小，經(jing)濟實用。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)計劃時(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)要(yao)接納(na)耐壓(ya)在(zai)(zai)400V以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滌綸(lun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)或CBB電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，濾(lv)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)要(yao)用耐壓(ya)250v以(yi)上(shang)。此電(dian)(dian)(dian)路得當驅動7-12只(zhi)20mA的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貼片LED。