節能燈工作原理 LED節能燈電路圖講解

一、節能燈工作原理

節能(neng)，在這個(ge)高能(neng)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時代顯然是個(ge)當務之(zhi)急，許多(duo)國家都把(ba)節能(neng)減排作為工業建設和城市改(gai)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)首要任(ren)務。那么作為國家鼓勵使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)節能(neng)燈，它有哪些(xie)結構組成呢？它的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作原(yuan)理又是什么呢？下面就讓(rang)小編為大家一(yi)一(yi)講解(jie)吧！

節能(neng)燈實際上就是一(yi)種(zhong)緊湊型(xing)、自帶鎮流器(qi)的日(ri)光燈，節能(neng)燈點燃時(shi)首(shou)先經過電(dian)子(zi)鎮流器(qi)給燈管燈絲(si)加熱，燈絲(si)開端(duan)發射電(dian)子(zi)（由于在(zai)(zai)燈絲(si)上涂了(le)一(yi)些電(dian)子(zi)粉），電(dian)子(zi)碰(peng)撞(zhuang)充裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)燈管內的氬(ya)(ya)原(yuan)子(zi)，氬(ya)(ya)原(yuan)子(zi)碰(peng)撞(zhuang)后(hou)取得了(le)能(neng)量又撞(zhuang)擊內部的汞原(yuan)子(zi)，汞原(yuan)子(zi)在(zai)(zai)吸收能(neng)量后(hou)躍遷產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)離，燈管內構成等離子(zi)態。

燈(deng)(deng)(deng)管兩端電壓(ya)直接經過等離(li)子態導通并發(fa)出253.7nm 的(de)紫(zi)外線，紫(zi)外線激起熒光粉(fen)發(fa)光，由(you)于(yu)熒光燈(deng)(deng)(deng)工作時燈(deng)(deng)(deng)絲的(de)溫度約(yue)在1160K左右(you)，比白熾(chi)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)工作的(de)溫度2200K-2700K低很多，所以(yi)它的(de)壽命(ming)也大進步，到達(da)5000小時以(yi)上，由(you)于(yu)它運(yun)用效率(lv)(lv)較高的(de)電子鎮流(liu)器(qi)，同(tong)時不存在白熾(chi)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)那樣的(de)電流(liu)熱效應(ying)，熒光粉(fen)的(de)能量轉換(huan)效率(lv)(lv)高，到達(da)每瓦50流(liu)明以(yi)上，所以(yi)節約(yue)電能。

二、led節能燈電路圖

文介紹(shao)的LED節(jie)能(neng)燈電(dian)(dian)路(lu)圖(tu)利用220V電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)，220V交(jiao)換電(dian)(dian)經C1降(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)容降(jiang)壓(ya)后，經全橋整(zheng)流，再議決C2濾波后，經限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)阻R3給串聯的80顆LED提供(gong)恒流電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(節(jie)能(neng)燈電(dian)(dian)路(lu)圖(tu)原理)

圖 1 led節能(neng)燈(deng)電路圖

圖1是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)款貼(tie)(tie)片LED照(zhao)明燈具的(de)(de)(de)(de)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)圖，該(gai)燈利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，220V交(jiao)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經C1降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)后經全橋整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)再議決C2濾波后經限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R3給串聯(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)10顆貼(tie)(tie)片LED提供恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。貼(tie)(tie)片LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)20mA，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我們在(zai)制作節(jie)能燈的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間要(yao)(yao)(yao)思(si)量許多方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素對貼(tie)(tie)片LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，包羅光(guang)衰(shuai)和發熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)對光(guang)衰(shuai)和壽命影響(xiang)很大(da)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)散熱不好很容易孕育產生(sheng)光(guang)衰(shuai)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)特性是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫度(du)升高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)就(jiu)會增(zeng)大(da)，以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)樣平(ping)常在(zai)做大(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)照(zhao)明時散熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)緊(jin)張的(de)(de)(de)(de)，將影響(xiang)到LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩固(gu)性，小功(gong)率(lv)(lv)一(yi)樣平(ping)常都采取自散熱要(yao)(yao)(yao)領，以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)計劃時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)不宜過(guo)大(da)。圖中(zhong)R1是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)掩護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，R2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容C1的(de)(de)(de)(de)卸放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，R3是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻警備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高和溫度(du)升高LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大(da)，C2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容，實際在(zai)LED電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，C2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來警備開(kai)燈時的(de)(de)(de)(de)打擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)對LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)陵犯(fan)，開(kai)燈的(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬間因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)C1的(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)會有(you)一(yi)個很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)LED將會對LED孕育產生(sheng)損傷，有(you)了C2的(de)(de)(de)(de)介入(ru)，開(kai)燈的(de)(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)完全被C2汲取起(qi)到了開(kai)燈防(fang)打擊掩護(hu)。該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)小功(gong)率(lv)(lv)燈杯(bei)最(zui)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，占用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)體(ti)積(ji)(ji)小可(ke)以(yi)方(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝在(zai)空(kong)間較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)燈杯(bei)里，現(xian)在(zai)被燈杯(bei)產品普遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)納(na)。好處：恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)源(yuan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)功(gong)耗小，體(ti)積(ji)(ji)小，經濟實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)計劃時降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容要(yao)(yao)(yao)接(jie)(jie)納(na)耐壓(ya)在(zai)400V以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)滌綸(lun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容或CBB電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容，濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)耐壓(ya)250v以(yi)上。此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)得當驅動7-12只20mA的(de)(de)(de)(de)貼(tie)(tie)片LED。