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歷史沿革

天(tian)津(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所在(zai)(zai)(zai)地原(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)津(jin)(jin)鹽商張霖瑩的(de)思源莊。1907年(nian)(nian)(nian)（清(qing)光緒三十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)），中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建成(cheng)，該公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)北(bei)(bei)起(qi)大經路(lu)（今(jin)河(he)北(bei)(bei)區中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)路(lu)），南至金鐘河(he)（現今(jin)已(yi)被填平），東臨昆緯路(lu)，西靠近(jin)北(bei)(bei)洋造幣(bi)總廠，共占(zhan)地90余畝，初名(ming)(ming)“勸業會場(chang)”。1912年(nian)(nian)(nian)（民(min)國(guo)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)）更名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“天(tian)津(jin)(jin)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”，不久又稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“河(he)北(bei)(bei)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。在(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)伐成(cheng)功后(hou)，國(guo)民(min)政府(fu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紀念(nian)孫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)先生而(er)將(jiang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改(gai)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)現名(ming)(ming)，并將(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)來(lai)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)北(bei)(bei)邊(bian)的(de)大經路(lu)改(gai)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)路(lu)至今(jin)。1919年(nian)(nian)(nian)（民(min)國(guo)8年(nian)(nian)(nian)）6月9日，天(tian)津(jin)(jin)各界人士在(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)舉行大會，聲援北(bei)(bei)京愛(ai)國(guo)學(xue)生的(de)五四運動(dong)，要(yao)求取消喪權辱國(guo)的(de)二十(shi)一條，和拒(ju)絕在(zai)(zai)(zai)巴(ba)黎(li)和約上簽字(zi)。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)（民(min)國(guo)25年(nian)(nian)(nian)）天(tian)津(jin)(jin)被日本占(zhan)領，公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)又改(gai)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“天(tian)津(jin)(jin)第二公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)共和國(guo)建國(guo)后(hou)恢(hui)復中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)。

早期建設

天津中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)在早期建(jian)(jian)園(yuan)(yuan)時(shi)，其面積比(bi)現在大(da)(da)接(jie)(jie)近(jin)3倍。在這(zhe)個倘大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)里，設(she)(she)計是以(yi)“西學東(dong)進，中(zhong)西合璧”為(wei)理(li)念(nian)，將中(zhong)國(guo)傳統園(yuan)(yuan)林藝(yi)術和(he)西方(fang)(fang)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)形式結合起來(lai)。公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)花園(yuan)(yuan)和(he)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)設(she)(she)施為(wei)基礎(chu)。早期的(de)(de)(de)天津中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)于公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)前(qian)門(men)(men)(men)面臨(lin)大(da)(da)經(jing)路（即現今十(shi)月影院大(da)(da)門(men)(men)(men)南食(shi)品街出口(kou)處），建(jian)(jian)立四柱牌(pai)樓(lou)，中(zhong)間橫匾(bian)寫有(you)“勸業會(hui)場”四字。大(da)(da)門(men)(men)(men)內路面寬闊(kuo)，兩側設(she)(she)有(you)店(dian)鋪(pu)。二門(men)(men)(men)為(wei)過街鐘樓(lou)（現今中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)正門(men)(men)(men)處），樓(lou)上鑲嵌(qian)清朝國(guo)產自鳴鐘，報時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候方(fang)(fang)圓(yuan)數里都(dou)可以(yi)聽到(dao)其鐘聲。再進園(yuan)(yuan)內有(you)小(xiao)湖和(he)假(jia)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，假(jia)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上矗立觀(guan)音雕(diao)(diao)像，手持寶瓶向下(xia)注水(shui)(shui)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下(xia)有(you)水(shui)(shui)池承接(jie)(jie)，而池畔有(you)可噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)小(xiao)像。園(yuan)(yuan)內遍植花木，而羊腸小(xiao)徑在花木中(zhong)穿插(cha)。

修繕重建

日本侵華(hua)時期，天(tian)津(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)被日軍占據，并(bing)遭到嚴重(zhong)破(po)壞。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民共(gong)和國成(cheng)立(li)后(hou)公(gong)園(yuan)雖屢(lv)加修建(jian)，但己不(bu)復早年(nian)(nian)的容貌。戰后(hou)政(zheng)(zheng)府為紀念(nian)(nian)該市為國捐(juan)軀(qu)的偉(wei)人烈(lie)士(shi)，便在(zai)園(yuan)內分別矗立(li)“魏(wei)士(shi)毅女(nv)士(shi)紀念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)”、“天(tian)津(jin)十五(wu)烈(lie)士(shi)紀念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)”及(ji)“南皮(pi)張氏兩烈(lie)女(nv)碑(bei)等”。其中(zhong)(zhong)，建(jian)于(yu)1929年(nian)(nian)并(bing)于(yu)1984年(nian)(nian)復立(li)于(yu)現中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)西側的“魏(wei)士(shi)毅女(nv)士(shi)紀念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)”和建(jian)于(yu)1931年(nian)(nian)并(bing)于(yu)1984年(nian)(nian)復立(li)于(yu)現中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)南側的“天(tian)津(jin)十五(wu)烈(lie)士(shi)紀念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)”目前為天(tian)津(jin)市文物保護單位(wei)，而中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)亦被國家定為“革命歷史(shi)(shi)紀念(nian)(nian)地”。1996年(nian)(nian)，為紀念(nian)(nian)孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先生(sheng)誕辰130周年(nian)(nian)，天(tian)津(jin)市河北區人民政(zheng)(zheng)府在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)內矗立(li)孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)塑像和紀念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)，碑(bei)陽為《中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)記》，紀錄公(gong)園(yuan)的歷史(shi)(shi)沿革；碑(bei)陰為《孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)演講辭(ci)》，紀錄孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先生(sheng)當年(nian)(nian)在(zai)公(gong)園(yuan)的演說。

園內風景

景區特點

公園初建時(shi)規模宏大，入(ru)門處有觀世音雕(diao)像。門樓上裝國(guo)產報(bao)時(shi)自(zi)鳴鐘，報(bao)時(shi)之聲傳及(ji)數(shu)里。園內有藝(yi)圃亭臺(tai)、土(tu)石假山，還有禽獸(shou)動(dong)物。并設有圖書館(guan)、工(gong)商品(pin)陳列(lie)所、美術(shu)館(guan)等。

天津中山(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)是(shi)由(you)中國(guo)(guo)人設計和(he)建造的公(gong)(gong)共(gong)園(yuan)林。初名勸業會(hui)場，在設計上將中國(guo)(guo)傳(chuan)統造園(yuan)藝術(shu)與(yu)西方建筑形式(shi)有(you)(you)機結合(he)，有(you)(you)花園(yuan)，又有(you)(you)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)設施(shi)，既是(shi)娛(yu)樂去處，又是(shi)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)活動場所。

主要景點

天津十五烈士紀念碑

天(tian)津(jin)十五烈士紀(ji)念碑位于現中山公園南側，它銘刻著大革(ge)命時(shi)期犧牲的十五位英(ying)烈的光輝事跡，記(ji)載(zai)了第一次國共合作時(shi)的令人難忘(wang)的一段歷史(shi)。 1931年，天(tian)津(jin)各界(jie)人士為(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念他(ta)們，在中山公園立碑公祈。碑文中除記(ji)述十五烈士之外，另將新軍閥混戰時(shi)死于1930年的張志全(quan)、王(wang)弢樓二人補入，成為(wei)(wei)“十七(qi)烈士”。國民黨(dang)這樣做，不(bu)過是為(wei)(wei)了欺騙(pian)人民美(mei)化自(zi)己罷了。此碑“文革(ge)”中被(bei)遺(yi)棄，埋入地下。1984年天(tian)津(jin)市(shi)人民政府復立此碑，并列為(wei)(wei)區級重(zhong)點(dian)文物保護單(dan)位。后又被(bei)列入市(shi)級文物保護單(dan)位。

孫中山先生銅像

2006年11月8日孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)生銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)落成，中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公園內占(zhan)地1100多平方米的(de)花壇(tan)上立起一座嶄新的(de)孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)全(quan)身銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)，黃楊簇擁，偉岸莊重。這是孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)生的(de)孫(sun)女、美籍華人孫(sun)穗芳(fang)博士捐建(jian)的(de)。該(gai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)表現了(le)(le)1912年孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)在原河北公園演(yan)講(jiang)時的(de)風采。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)高(gao)2.2米、重兩噸，安(an)裝在2.3米高(gao)的(de)基座上。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)背面篆刻了(le)(le)孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)當年的(de)演(yan)講(jiang)全(quan)文。

地理交通

地址(zhi)：天津市(shi)河北區中(zhong)山路公(gong)園(yuan)路

開放(fang)時(shi)間：全天免費開放(fang)

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