景點介紹
在(zai)漳州角(jiao)美鎮青礁(jiao)文(wen)圃山(shan)脈(mo)岐山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)鳴嶺下,又稱慈(ci)(ci)濟東(dong)(dong)(dong)宮(gong)(gong),供奉宋(song)(song)代民間(jian)神醫吳(wu)夲(979-1036年,音滔,從大(da)從十(shi))。省級文(wen)物保護單位宋(song)(song)仁宗景祐三年(1036年),吳(wu)夲深入閩南瘟疫(yi)流(liu)行(xing)地區,拯救萬民,采藥時不(bu)幸落崖謝世。當地人民于其故鄉白礁(jiao)村,建(jian)(jian)“龍湫(qiu)庵”,雕像祀奉。為白礁(jiao)慈(ci)(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)前身,宋(song)(song)紹興二十(shi)一年(1151年)建(jian)(jian)廟,宋(song)(song)孝宗賜廟號曰“慈(ci)(ci)濟”;宋(song)(song)淳(chun)祐元(yuan)年(1241年)改廟為宮(gong)(gong),青礁(jiao)慈(ci)(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)因方位在(zai)白礁(jiao)慈(ci)(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)東(dong)(dong)(dong),故名慈(ci)(ci)濟東(dong)(dong)(dong)宮(gong)(gong),明成祖封吳(wu)夲為萬壽無極保生大(da)帝,民間(jian)俗稱大(da)道公。
宮分五殿,飛檐(yan)交錯(cuo)。主殿有(you)12根(gen)蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)大石柱(zhu),上(shang)(shang)(shang)刻蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)騰(teng)云、八仙游山及山川禽獸等,其中(zhong)(zhong)一對石柱(zhu)如花瓶狀,在福建的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宮廟建筑中(zhong)(zhong)難(nan)得一見。宮內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大幅青石浮雕上(shang)(shang)(shang)刻著(zhu)龍(long)(long)虎(hu)和(he)隋唐故事,另兩幅石屏上(shang)(shang)(shang)則雕繪哪吒(zha)鬧海的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故事,梁上(shang)(shang)(shang)木刻有(you)獅(shi)象龍(long)(long)鳳(feng)和(he)奇花異卉(hui),雕工精細,金碧輝煌。彩畫中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)一幅鳳(feng)頭、龍(long)(long)尾、龜身(shen)、四腳(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神物,很是(shi)怪異。畫著(zhu)傳說故事的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油彩畫和(he)黑底(di)描金畫雖歷經滄桑,色(se)彩依然鮮明。殿頂鋪綠色(se)琉璃瓦,四周(zhou)環飾著(zhu)彩陶(tao)綴成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各色(se)人物和(he)12條龍(long)(long)。二層(ceng)閣樓(lou)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou),藻(zao)井(jing)為木拱(gong)結構(gou),層(ceng)層(ceng)疊疊,玲瓏輕巧。樓(lou)內大鐘(zhong)鑄于清康(kang)熙三十六(liu)年(nian)(1697年(nian))。宮中(zhong)(zhong)還保存著(zhu)康(kang)熙、嘉慶(qing)、咸豐、光緒等朝(chao)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重修(xiu)碑(bei)記(ji)宮后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)岐山,有(you)涼傘樹、“心(xin)”字(zi)石、丹井(jing)藥泉等景致。“心(xin)”字(zi)石形(xing)似人心(xin),“心(xin)”字(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)一點卻放在底(di)下(xia)。
青礁慈濟宮
歷史沿革
該(gai)宮始建于南宋(song)紹興二(er)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1151),奉祀北宋(song)著名的(de)民間醫(yi)生吳(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(音tāo )。吳(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(979~1036),字(zi)華基,號云沖,出(chu)身于白礁(jiao)村的(de)貧(pin)苦(ku)農民家庭,年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕時云游(you)四(si)方,拜師學醫(yi)并選定龍池巖(yan)作為其修道、煉丹、行醫(yi)之處。吳(wu)(wu)夲(ben)不僅醫(yi)術(shu)高(gao)明,且醫(yi)德高(gao)尚,治病不分貴(gui)賤,不取報酬(chou)。宋(song)明道二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1033)漳州、泉州瘟疫流行,因吳(wu)(wu)夲(ben)義診(zhen)施藥而得以存活者難以計(ji)數(shu)。民間還流傳吳(wu)(wu)夲(ben)治愈宋(song)仁(ren)宗母后的(de)乳癌,被封為“妙道真(zhen)人”而揚名四(si)海的(de)事跡。景祐三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1036)五月初二(er),吳(wu)(wu)夲(ben)在文圃山(shan)采藥不幸墜崖而死,時年(nian)(nian)(nian)58歲。
吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲逝世的(de)(de)(de)第二年(nian)(nian),即宋(song)仁宗景祐四年(nian)(nian)(1037年(nian)(nian)),白礁(jiao)村的(de)(de)(de)父老鄉(xiang)(xiang)親為(wei)紀(ji)念這位救死扶傷的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)醫(yi),自發籌款在家鄉(xiang)(xiang)建“龍(long)湫庵”,庵內雕塑吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)形(xing)(xing)象,虔(qian)誠(cheng)供(gong)奉(feng)。宋(song)紹興二十年(nian)(nian)(1150年(nian)(nian))宋(song)高宗頒詔(zhao)動支銀庫、遣使監工,把龍(long)湫庵改(gai)建為(wei)一(yi)座宮(gong)(gong)(gong)殿(dian)式的(de)(de)(de)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)宇,賜名(ming)“慈濟(ji)(ji)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)”。宋(song)紹興二十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1151年(nian)(nian)),后因進香人(ren)(ren)(ren)數眾多,又在吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲煉丹處另建青礁(jiao)慈濟(ji)(ji)廟(miao)(miao)(miao),由(you)此形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)東(dong)西兩廟(miao)(miao)(miao)。淳祐元年(nian)(nian)(1241),奉(feng)敕改(gai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)為(wei)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),白礁(jiao)慈濟(ji)(ji)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)稱(cheng)(cheng)西宮(gong)(gong)(gong),青礁(jiao)慈濟(ji)(ji)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),也則稱(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),為(wei)彰示(shi)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲的(de)(de)(de)德(de)行,自宋(song)代以(yi)來(lai),歷朝(chao)皇帝(di)先后予(yu)以(yi)追(zhui)(zhui)賜封號(hao)之殊(shu)榮,其中尤以(yi)北(bei)宋(song)仁宗追(zhui)(zhui)封的(de)(de)(de)“妙道真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)”和明成(cheng)祖(zu)追(zhui)(zhui)封的(de)(de)(de)“保(bao)(bao)生(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)”最(zui)為(wei)著(zhu)名(ming),吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲亦因此被(bei)民間(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)“吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)”、“保(bao)(bao)生(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)”或(huo)“大(da)(da)(da)道公”,成(cheng)為(wei)備受(shou)后人(ren)(ren)(ren)敬仰(yang)的(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)神和鄉(xiang)(xiang)土(tu)保(bao)(bao)護神。明末清初(chu),白礁(jiao)300多人(ren)(ren)(ren)隨(sui)著(zhu)鄭成(cheng)功收復臺(tai)灣(wan),對吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)信仰(yang)也隨(sui)之廣(guang)泛傳(chuan)入(ru)臺(tai)灣(wan)和東(dong)南亞(ya)地區(qu)。至今,僅(jin)臺(tai)灣(wan)就有數以(yi)百計的(de)(de)(de)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)廟(miao)(miao)(miao),還成(cheng)立了“臺(tai)灣(wan)保(bao)(bao)生(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)宇聯誼會”,這些經由(you)大(da)(da)(da)陸傳(chuan)爐的(de)(de)(de)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)都(dou)遙奉(feng)漳州的(de)(de)(de)白礁(jiao)慈濟(ji)(ji)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)和青礁(jiao)慈濟(ji)(ji)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)和為(wei)祖(zu)廟(miao)(miao)(miao),每年(nian)(nian)組織大(da)(da)(da)規(gui)模進香團前來(lai)舉辦瞻仰(yang)法會。
現(xian)存(cun)青礁慈濟宮(gong)重(zhong)建于(yu)清初,系重(zhong)檐歇山頂磚石(shi)木(mu)(mu)結構三進建筑,坐西朝東(dong),建筑面積1305平(ping)(ping)方米。中軸線自東(dong)向(xiang)西逐漸增(zeng)高,前殿重(zhong)樓(lou)(lou),由檐廊、門廳和鐘(zhong)鼓樓(lou)(lou)組(zu)成;中殿為正殿,內供吳真人神像,殿前有拜(bai)亭。后殿重(zhong)建于(yu)1989年,內供佛道諸神。三殿由兩側廊廡通連。宮(gong)內保存(cun)大量珍貴(gui)的石(shi)雕、木(mu)(mu)雕、彩繪藝(yi)術品,體現(xian)了閩南(nan)匠師精湛的工藝(yi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。
青(qing)礁慈濟宮(gong)還保存清康熙(xi)三十六年(nian)(nian)(1697)、嘉慶(qing)十九年(nian)(nian)(1814)、咸豐四(si)年(nian)(nian)(1854)和(he)光(guang)緒二十二年(nian)(nian)(1896)四(si)方(fang)重(zhong)修(xiu)碑記(ji),是研究宮(gong)廟歷(li)(li)代(dai)沿革的重(zhong)要文(wen)獻資(zi)料,而宮(gong)廟西北側山上的丹(dan)井(jing)、丹(dan)灶和(he)石臼,則是吳夲當年(nian)(nian)采制藥(yao)草(cao)使用過(guo)的文(wen)物(wu)。1989年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)1991年(nian)(nian),臺灣的吳真(zhen)人信徒捐資(zi)重(zhong)修(xiu)三殿。2000年(nian)(nian)經(jing)國家(jia)文(wen)物(wu)局批(pi)準,按歷(li)(li)史原狀修(xiu)復魁星樓(lou)和(he)武圣(sheng)樓(lou)。青(qing)礁慈濟宮(gong)1988年(nian)(nian)被公布為(wei)(wei)(wei)市(shi)級(ji)文(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)。1991年(nian)(nian)被公布為(wei)(wei)(wei)省級(ji)文(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)。1996年(nian)(nian)與白(bai)礁慈濟宮(gong)共同被國務院公布為(wei)(wei)(wei)全國重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei),名為(wei)(wei)(wei)“青(qing)、白(bai)礁慈濟宮(gong)”。2001年(nian)(nian),被廈門市(shi)人民政府公布為(wei)(wei)(wei)涉臺文(wen)物(wu)古(gu)跡(ji)。保護范圍(wei):由建筑體向四(si)面延長40米為(wei)(wei)(wei)界(jie)。