景點介紹
在(zai)漳州角美鎮(zhen)青礁(jiao)文(wen)(wen)圃山(shan)脈岐山(shan)東鳴嶺下,又稱慈(ci)濟東宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),供(gong)奉宋(song)代(dai)民(min)(min)間(jian)神(shen)醫吳(wu)夲(979-1036年,音滔,從大(da)從十(shi))。省級文(wen)(wen)物保護單位(wei)宋(song)仁(ren)宗景祐(you)三年(1036年),吳(wu)夲深入閩南瘟疫流行地區,拯救(jiu)萬民(min)(min),采(cai)藥時不幸(xing)落崖謝世。當(dang)地人(ren)民(min)(min)于(yu)其(qi)故鄉(xiang)白(bai)礁(jiao)村,建“龍湫庵”,雕(diao)像祀奉。為(wei)白(bai)礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前身,宋(song)紹興(xing)二十(shi)一年(1151年)建廟,宋(song)孝宗賜(si)廟號曰“慈(ci)濟”;宋(song)淳祐(you)元年(1241年)改廟為(wei)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),青礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)因方位(wei)在(zai)白(bai)礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)東,故名慈(ci)濟東宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),明(ming)成祖封吳(wu)夲為(wei)萬壽無極(ji)保生大(da)帝(di),民(min)(min)間(jian)俗稱大(da)道公。
宮(gong)分五殿(dian),飛(fei)檐交錯。主殿(dian)有(you)(you)12根(gen)蟠(pan)龍(long)大石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu),上(shang)(shang)刻(ke)蟠(pan)龍(long)騰云、八仙游山(shan)及山(shan)川禽獸等(deng),其中一對(dui)石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)如(ru)花瓶(ping)狀,在福建(jian)的(de)宮(gong)廟建(jian)筑中難得一見。宮(gong)內(nei)(nei)的(de)大幅青石(shi)(shi)浮雕(diao)上(shang)(shang)刻(ke)著龍(long)虎和隋唐(tang)故(gu)事,另兩幅石(shi)(shi)屏上(shang)(shang)則(ze)雕(diao)繪哪吒(zha)鬧海的(de)故(gu)事,梁上(shang)(shang)木刻(ke)有(you)(you)獅(shi)象龍(long)鳳和奇花異(yi)卉,雕(diao)工精細,金碧(bi)輝煌。彩(cai)畫中有(you)(you)一幅鳳頭、龍(long)尾、龜身、四(si)腳的(de)神物(wu),很是怪異(yi)。畫著傳說故(gu)事的(de)油彩(cai)畫和黑底描金畫雖歷經滄(cang)桑,色彩(cai)依然(ran)鮮明。殿(dian)頂鋪綠(lv)色琉璃瓦,四(si)周環飾著彩(cai)陶綴成(cheng)的(de)各(ge)色人物(wu)和12條龍(long)。二層(ceng)(ceng)閣樓(lou)中的(de)鐘鼓(gu)樓(lou),藻井為木拱(gong)結構,層(ceng)(ceng)層(ceng)(ceng)疊(die)疊(die),玲瓏輕巧。樓(lou)內(nei)(nei)大鐘鑄于清(qing)康熙三十(shi)六年(1697年)。宮(gong)中還保存著康熙、嘉慶、咸豐(feng)、光緒等(deng)朝代的(de)重修(xiu)碑(bei)記(ji)宮(gong)后的(de)岐山(shan),有(you)(you)涼傘樹、“心(xin)(xin)”字(zi)石(shi)(shi)、丹井藥泉(quan)等(deng)景致。“心(xin)(xin)”字(zi)石(shi)(shi)形(xing)似人心(xin)(xin),“心(xin)(xin)”字(zi)中間一點卻放在底下。
青礁慈濟宮
歷史沿革
該宮(gong)始建于(yu)南(nan)宋(song)紹興二十一年(nian)(1151),奉祀(si)北宋(song)著名(ming)的民(min)間醫(yi)生吳(wu)夲(音tāo )。吳(wu)夲(979~1036),字華基,號云(yun)沖,出身于(yu)白礁村的貧苦農民(min)家庭,年(nian)輕時云(yun)游四(si)方,拜師(shi)學醫(yi)并(bing)選定龍池巖(yan)作為(wei)其修道、煉丹、行醫(yi)之處。吳(wu)夲不(bu)僅醫(yi)術高(gao)明(ming),且醫(yi)德高(gao)尚(shang),治病不(bu)分貴賤(jian),不(bu)取報酬。宋(song)明(ming)道二年(nian)(1033)漳州、泉(quan)州瘟疫流(liu)行,因吳(wu)夲義(yi)診(zhen)施藥而(er)(er)得以(yi)存活者難以(yi)計數。民(min)間還流(liu)傳吳(wu)夲治愈宋(song)仁宗母后的乳癌(ai),被封為(wei)“妙(miao)道真人”而(er)(er)揚名(ming)四(si)海的事跡。景祐三年(nian)(1036)五(wu)月初二,吳(wu)夲在(zai)文圃山(shan)采藥不(bu)幸墜崖而(er)(er)死(si),時年(nian)58歲。
吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)逝(shi)世的(de)(de)第二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian),即(ji)宋(song)仁宗(zong)景祐四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1037年(nian)(nian)(nian)),白(bai)礁(jiao)(jiao)村的(de)(de)父老(lao)鄉親為紀念這位(wei)救死扶(fu)傷(shang)的(de)(de)名醫,自(zi)發籌(chou)款在(zai)家鄉建“龍湫(qiu)庵(an)”,庵(an)內雕塑吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真人(ren)(ren)形(xing)(xing)象(xiang),虔(qian)誠供奉。宋(song)紹興二(er)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1150年(nian)(nian)(nian))宋(song)高宗(zong)頒詔動支銀庫(ku)、遣使監工,把(ba)龍湫(qiu)庵(an)改建為一座宮(gong)殿式(shi)的(de)(de)廟(miao)(miao)宇,賜(si)名“慈(ci)濟(ji)廟(miao)(miao)”。宋(song)紹興二(er)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1151年(nian)(nian)(nian)),后因(yin)進(jin)香(xiang)人(ren)(ren)數眾多(duo),又在(zai)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)煉丹處另建青礁(jiao)(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)廟(miao)(miao),由此(ci)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)東西兩廟(miao)(miao)。淳祐元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1241),奉敕改廟(miao)(miao)為宮(gong),白(bai)礁(jiao)(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)宮(gong)稱西宮(gong),青礁(jiao)(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)宮(gong),也則稱東宮(gong),為彰示吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)的(de)(de)德行(xing),自(zi)宋(song)代(dai)以來,歷朝(chao)皇帝(di)先后予以追(zhui)(zhui)賜(si)封(feng)(feng)號之殊榮,其中(zhong)尤以北宋(song)仁宗(zong)追(zhui)(zhui)封(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)“妙(miao)道真人(ren)(ren)”和明(ming)成(cheng)祖(zu)追(zhui)(zhui)封(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)“保(bao)生(sheng)大(da)帝(di)”最為著(zhu)名,吳(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)亦因(yin)此(ci)被(bei)民間稱為“吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真人(ren)(ren)”、“保(bao)生(sheng)大(da)帝(di)”或“大(da)道公”,成(cheng)為備受后人(ren)(ren)敬仰(yang)的(de)(de)醫神和鄉土保(bao)護神。明(ming)末(mo)清初,白(bai)礁(jiao)(jiao)300多(duo)人(ren)(ren)隨著(zhu)鄭成(cheng)功收復(fu)臺(tai)(tai)灣,對(dui)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)信仰(yang)也隨之廣泛傳入臺(tai)(tai)灣和東南亞地區。至今,僅臺(tai)(tai)灣就(jiu)有數以百(bai)計的(de)(de)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)真人(ren)(ren)宮(gong)廟(miao)(miao),還成(cheng)立了“臺(tai)(tai)灣保(bao)生(sheng)大(da)帝(di)廟(miao)(miao)宇聯誼會”,這些經由大(da)陸傳爐的(de)(de)宮(gong)廟(miao)(miao)都遙奉漳州的(de)(de)白(bai)礁(jiao)(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)宮(gong)和青礁(jiao)(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)宮(gong)和為祖(zu)廟(miao)(miao),每年(nian)(nian)(nian)組織大(da)規模進(jin)香(xiang)團(tuan)前來舉辦瞻仰(yang)法會。
現存青礁慈濟宮重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)于清初,系重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂磚石木結構三進建(jian)筑,坐西朝東(dong),建(jian)筑面積1305平方(fang)米(mi)。中軸線(xian)自東(dong)向(xiang)西逐漸增高,前(qian)殿(dian)重(zhong)(zhong)樓,由(you)檐(yan)廊、門廳(ting)和鐘(zhong)鼓(gu)樓組成;中殿(dian)為正殿(dian),內供(gong)吳(wu)真(zhen)人神像,殿(dian)前(qian)有拜亭。后殿(dian)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)于1989年,內供(gong)佛道諸神。三殿(dian)由(you)兩(liang)側(ce)廊廡通連。宮內保存大量珍貴的石雕、木雕、彩繪藝術品,體現了閩南匠師精湛的工藝水平。
青礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)還保存清(qing)康熙三(san)十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1697)、嘉慶(qing)十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1814)、咸豐四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1854)和光緒二(er)十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1896)四方重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)碑記,是研(yan)究(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)廟歷代沿革的重(zhong)要(yao)文獻資(zi)料(liao),而宮(gong)(gong)(gong)廟西北側山上的丹井(jing)、丹灶和石臼,則(ze)是吳夲當年(nian)(nian)(nian)采制(zhi)藥草使(shi)用過的文物(wu)。1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)至1991年(nian)(nian)(nian),臺(tai)灣的吳真人信徒捐資(zi)重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)三(san)殿。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)經(jing)國(guo)(guo)家文物(wu)局批準,按歷史原狀修(xiu)(xiu)復魁星樓和武(wu)圣樓。青礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)被公布(bu)為(wei)市(shi)級文物(wu)保護(hu)(hu)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)被公布(bu)為(wei)省級文物(wu)保護(hu)(hu)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)與白礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)共同被國(guo)(guo)務院公布(bu)為(wei)全國(guo)(guo)重(zhong)點文物(wu)保護(hu)(hu)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei),名為(wei)“青、白礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)”。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian),被廈門市(shi)人民(min)政府公布(bu)為(wei)涉臺(tai)文物(wu)古(gu)跡。保護(hu)(hu)范圍:由建筑體向(xiang)四面延長40米為(wei)界。