景點介紹
在漳州角(jiao)美鎮青(qing)礁(jiao)文(wen)圃(pu)山脈岐山東(dong)(dong)鳴嶺下,又稱慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)東(dong)(dong)宮(gong),供(gong)奉宋代民間(jian)神醫吳夲(ben)(979-1036年(nian),音滔(tao),從大從十)。省級文(wen)物保護(hu)單位宋仁宗景祐三年(nian)(1036年(nian)),吳夲(ben)深入閩南瘟(wen)疫流(liu)行地區,拯(zheng)救(jiu)萬民,采(cai)藥時(shi)不幸落崖(ya)謝世。當(dang)地人民于其故鄉白礁(jiao)村,建(jian)(jian)“龍(long)湫庵”,雕像祀奉。為白礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)宮(gong)前身(shen),宋紹興二十一(yi)年(nian)(1151年(nian))建(jian)(jian)廟(miao),宋孝(xiao)宗賜廟(miao)號曰“慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)”;宋淳祐元年(nian)(1241年(nian))改廟(miao)為宮(gong),青(qing)礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)宮(gong)因(yin)方(fang)位在白礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)宮(gong)東(dong)(dong),故名慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)東(dong)(dong)宮(gong),明成祖封吳夲(ben)為萬壽無(wu)極(ji)保生大帝,民間(jian)俗稱大道公。
宮分五(wu)殿(dian),飛檐交錯。主殿(dian)有12根蟠(pan)(pan)龍大石(shi)柱(zhu),上(shang)刻蟠(pan)(pan)龍騰云(yun)、八仙游山及(ji)山川禽獸等(deng)(deng),其中(zhong)(zhong)一對石(shi)柱(zhu)如花(hua)瓶(ping)狀,在(zai)福建(jian)的(de)宮廟建(jian)筑中(zhong)(zhong)難得一見。宮內(nei)的(de)大幅青石(shi)浮(fu)雕(diao)上(shang)刻著龍虎和(he)隋唐故(gu)事,另兩幅石(shi)屏(ping)上(shang)則(ze)雕(diao)繪哪(na)吒鬧海的(de)故(gu)事,梁上(shang)木(mu)(mu)刻有獅象龍鳳和(he)奇花(hua)異卉,雕(diao)工精細,金(jin)碧輝煌。彩畫(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)有一幅鳳頭、龍尾(wei)、龜(gui)身、四(si)腳的(de)神物(wu),很是怪(guai)異。畫(hua)著傳說故(gu)事的(de)油彩畫(hua)和(he)黑(hei)底描金(jin)畫(hua)雖歷經滄(cang)桑,色(se)(se)(se)彩依然鮮明。殿(dian)頂(ding)鋪綠色(se)(se)(se)琉璃瓦,四(si)周環(huan)飾著彩陶綴(zhui)成的(de)各色(se)(se)(se)人(ren)物(wu)和(he)12條龍。二層閣(ge)樓(lou)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)鐘鼓樓(lou),藻井為木(mu)(mu)拱結構,層層疊疊,玲瓏(long)輕巧。樓(lou)內(nei)大鐘鑄(zhu)于清康(kang)熙(xi)三十六年(1697年)。宮中(zhong)(zhong)還保存著康(kang)熙(xi)、嘉慶、咸豐、光緒(xu)等(deng)(deng)朝代(dai)的(de)重(zhong)修碑(bei)記(ji)宮后的(de)岐(qi)山,有涼傘樹(shu)、“心(xin)”字石(shi)、丹井藥泉等(deng)(deng)景(jing)致。“心(xin)”字石(shi)形似人(ren)心(xin),“心(xin)”字中(zhong)(zhong)間一點(dian)卻放在(zai)底下。
青礁慈濟宮
歷史沿革
該宮(gong)始建于南宋(song)紹興二(er)(er)十一年(1151),奉祀北宋(song)著名的民間(jian)(jian)醫(yi)(yi)生吳(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(音tāo )。吳(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(979~1036),字華基,號云沖(chong),出(chu)身于白礁(jiao)村的貧苦農民家(jia)庭(ting),年輕時(shi)(shi)云游四方,拜師學醫(yi)(yi)并選定龍池巖作為其修道、煉(lian)丹、行醫(yi)(yi)之處。吳(wu)夲(ben)(ben)不(bu)僅醫(yi)(yi)術(shu)高明,且醫(yi)(yi)德高尚(shang),治(zhi)病不(bu)分貴賤,不(bu)取報酬。宋(song)明道二(er)(er)年(1033)漳州、泉州瘟疫流行,因(yin)吳(wu)夲(ben)(ben)義診施藥(yao)而(er)得以(yi)存活者難(nan)以(yi)計數(shu)。民間(jian)(jian)還流傳吳(wu)夲(ben)(ben)治(zhi)愈宋(song)仁(ren)宗母后的乳癌,被封為“妙道真人”而(er)揚名四海的事跡。景(jing)祐三年(1036)五月初(chu)二(er)(er),吳(wu)夲(ben)(ben)在文圃(pu)山采藥(yao)不(bu)幸墜崖而(er)死,時(shi)(shi)年58歲。
吳(wu)(wu)夲逝世的(de)(de)(de)第二年,即宋(song)(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)景祐四年(1037年),白礁村的(de)(de)(de)父老鄉親為(wei)紀念這位救死扶(fu)傷的(de)(de)(de)名醫(yi),自(zi)發籌(chou)款在(zai)家鄉建“龍(long)湫庵”,庵內雕塑吳(wu)(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)形象,虔誠供奉(feng)。宋(song)(song)紹興二十年(1150年)宋(song)(song)高宗(zong)(zong)頒詔動支銀庫、遣使監工,把龍(long)湫庵改建為(wei)一座宮殿式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇,賜名“慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)”。宋(song)(song)紹興二十一年(1151年),后(hou)因進香(xiang)人(ren)數(shu)眾多,又在(zai)吳(wu)(wu)夲煉丹(dan)處另建青礁慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),由此(ci)(ci)形成(cheng)東西(xi)兩廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。淳祐元年(1241),奉(feng)敕改廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)為(wei)宮,白礁慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)宮稱西(xi)宮,青礁慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)宮,也(ye)(ye)則稱東宮,為(wei)彰(zhang)示(shi)吳(wu)(wu)夲的(de)(de)(de)德(de)行,自(zi)宋(song)(song)代(dai)以(yi)來,歷朝皇帝(di)(di)(di)(di)先后(hou)予以(yi)追賜封(feng)號之(zhi)殊(shu)榮,其中尤以(yi)北宋(song)(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)追封(feng)的(de)(de)(de)“妙道真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)”和明成(cheng)祖追封(feng)的(de)(de)(de)“保(bao)(bao)生大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)”最為(wei)著名,吳(wu)(wu)夲亦(yi)因此(ci)(ci)被民(min)間稱為(wei)“吳(wu)(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)”、“保(bao)(bao)生大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)”或“大(da)道公”,成(cheng)為(wei)備受后(hou)人(ren)敬仰的(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)神和鄉土保(bao)(bao)護(hu)神。明末清初,白礁300多人(ren)隨(sui)著鄭成(cheng)功收(shou)復臺灣(wan),對吳(wu)(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)信仰也(ye)(ye)隨(sui)之(zhi)廣泛傳入臺灣(wan)和東南亞地(di)區。至(zhi)今,僅臺灣(wan)就(jiu)有(you)數(shu)以(yi)百計的(de)(de)(de)吳(wu)(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)宮廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),還成(cheng)立了“臺灣(wan)保(bao)(bao)生大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇聯誼會”,這些經由大(da)陸傳爐的(de)(de)(de)宮廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)都(dou)遙(yao)奉(feng)漳(zhang)州的(de)(de)(de)白礁慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)宮和青礁慈(ci)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)宮和為(wei)祖廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),每年組織大(da)規模進香(xiang)團前來舉辦瞻仰法會。
現存(cun)青礁(jiao)慈濟宮重(zhong)建(jian)于(yu)清初,系重(zhong)檐(yan)(yan)歇山頂磚石木結(jie)構(gou)三(san)進建(jian)筑(zhu),坐西朝(chao)東,建(jian)筑(zhu)面積1305平方米(mi)。中軸(zhou)線自東向西逐(zhu)漸增高(gao),前殿(dian)(dian)重(zhong)樓,由檐(yan)(yan)廊、門廳和鐘鼓樓組(zu)成;中殿(dian)(dian)為正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian),內(nei)(nei)供(gong)(gong)吳真(zhen)人神(shen)(shen)像,殿(dian)(dian)前有拜亭。后殿(dian)(dian)重(zhong)建(jian)于(yu)1989年,內(nei)(nei)供(gong)(gong)佛(fo)道諸神(shen)(shen)。三(san)殿(dian)(dian)由兩側廊廡通連。宮內(nei)(nei)保存(cun)大量珍貴的(de)石雕、木雕、彩繪藝術品,體現了閩南匠師精湛的(de)工藝水平。
青礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)還保(bao)存(cun)清康熙(xi)三(san)十(shi)六年(1697)、嘉慶十(shi)九(jiu)年(1814)、咸(xian)豐(feng)四年(1854)和光緒二(er)十(shi)二(er)年(1896)四方(fang)重(zhong)修(xiu)碑記,是研究(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)廟歷代沿革的(de)(de)重(zhong)要文(wen)(wen)獻資料(liao),而宮(gong)(gong)(gong)廟西北側山上的(de)(de)丹井、丹灶和石臼(jiu),則是吳(wu)夲當(dang)年采制(zhi)藥草(cao)使用過的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)。1989年至1991年,臺灣的(de)(de)吳(wu)真人(ren)信徒捐資重(zhong)修(xiu)三(san)殿。2000年經國(guo)家(jia)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)局(ju)批準,按(an)歷史原狀修(xiu)復魁(kui)星(xing)樓和武(wu)圣樓。青礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)1988年被(bei)公(gong)布(bu)為市(shi)級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單位。1991年被(bei)公(gong)布(bu)為省級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單位。1996年與白(bai)礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)共同被(bei)國(guo)務院公(gong)布(bu)為全國(guo)重(zhong)點(dian)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單位,名為“青、白(bai)礁(jiao)慈(ci)濟宮(gong)(gong)(gong)”。2001年,被(bei)廈(sha)門市(shi)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府公(gong)布(bu)為涉臺文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)古跡。保(bao)護范圍:由建筑體向四面延長40米為界。