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一.產品介紹
據(ju)《朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鎮(zhen)志(zhi)》記載,朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)主要種(zhong)植(zhi)在朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鎮(zhen)王(wang)坑(keng)、赤(chi)坑(keng)、寨(zhai)色、石(shi)輞(wang)四個(ge)村,名聞(wen)邵(shao)武、太寧(ning)、將樂、建寧(ning)等(deng)縣市,歷史種(zhong)植(zhi)本(ben)地品種(zhong)。本(ben)地花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)品種(zhong)含脂肪多(duo)、營養豐富、香(xiang)酥(su)味厚,特(te)(te)別(bie)(bie)(bie)是精(jing)制加工(gong)后的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)品“朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)”歷史悠久、馳名遠近,邵(shao)武市面銷售的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)如貼有(you)“朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)”商標,則銷售一(yi)空。著(zhu)名作家馮敏飛所著(zhu)《兵部尚書佚事》有(you)述(shu):“朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)是泰(tai)寧(ning)最大的(de)(de)(de)鎮(zhen),那(nei)些小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)巒,都是紅壤土,一(yi)雨成(cheng)(cheng)漿(jiang),一(yi)旱成(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)。就因(yin)為此吧,那(nei)種(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)特(te)(te)別(bie)(bie)(bie)結實,味道也別(bie)(bie)(bie)致。當(dang)地人(ren)加工(gong)又特(te)(te)別(bie)(bie)(bie),先用鹽水煮,煮了曬,曬了焙,又香(xiang)又脆。那(nei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)個(ge)兒(er)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),但非常飽滿,跟別(bie)(bie)(bie)的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)明顯區別(bie)(bie)(bie),如同南(nan)方人(ren)與北方人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)個(ge)兒(er)。吃起來,更(geng)難(nan)忘(wang)”。 經(jing)過當(dang)地多(duo)年馴化栽培,因(yin)獨有(you)的(de)(de)(de)土壤類型和氣候條件,如今(jin)已逐漸成(cheng)(cheng)為當(dang)地特(te)(te)色品種(zhong),因(yin)其殼薄、籽(zi)(zi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、飽滿、香(xiang)脆而得名。朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)果莢(jia)較普通花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)略小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。外殼薄,紋理(li)較普通花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)清晰,顏色更(geng)深,略顯紅色。經(jing)晾曬后,百(bai)莢(jia)重124.4g~128.6g,平均127.2g,百(bai)仁(ren)重50~51g,平均50.6g,籽(zi)(zi)粒較普通花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)更(geng)為飽滿、完(wan)整,口(kou)(kou)感更(geng)為香(xiang)脆。朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)營養豐富,其中蛋(dan)白(bai)質含量為20-25%,脂肪含量40-50%。花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)仁(ren)中維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素C含量≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含量≥600 mg/100g。
二.自然(ran)生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素(su)
1、土(tu)壤地貌情況:朱口(kou)鎮土(tu)壤類型(xing)多(duo)為(wei)砂(sha)礫巖酸性紫(zi)色(se)土(tu),即(ji)紫(zi)泥田或(huo)紫(zi)泥沙田,鉀的成份含量(liang)特別高。境內除較(jiao)開闊的溪谷盆地,沿(yan)低山丘(qiu)陵和溪澗山坡(po)之間還有大小(xiao)成串的段、垅、坑、坡(po),分布著面(mian)積(ji)不等(deng)的水(shui)(shui)田、旱地,這些(xie)田塊依靠山澗泉水(shui)(shui)和山塘蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)灌(guan)溉,土(tu)地肥沃(wo)。
2、水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況:境內水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)豐富,有朱溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、上(shang)將溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、下將溪(xi)(xi)(xi),最大(da)的朱溪(xi)(xi)(xi)源(yuan)于邵(shao)武市(shi)大(da)埠崗道(dao)峰山,經(jing)大(da)埠崗、龍湖(hu)、從梅林入(ru)境,貫穿朱口(kou)鎮至音山村(cun)出(chu)境注入(ru)杉溪(xi)(xi)(xi),集(ji)雨面積522.3平方公里,主(zhu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)長(chang)46.2公里。 朱口(kou)小籽(zi)花(hua)生種(zhong)植區(qu)內無大(da)型工廠,灌溉水(shui)(shui)均來自山泉水(shui)(shui),不受污(wu)(wu)染,無“三廢”排放和空氣污(wu)(wu)染,也沒有重金(jin)屬污(wu)(wu)染歷史。
3、氣(qi)候(hou)情況:朱(zhu)口鎮地處武夷山脈東南側迎(ying)風坡(po),屬中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶季風型(xing)山地性氣(qi)候(hou)。夏(xia)季受海洋性氣(qi)候(hou)影響有東南風,冬(dong)季受西北冷(leng)空氣(qi)侵襲,又(you)具有大陸性氣(qi)候(hou)的特(te)征。氣(qi)候(hou)具有夏(xia)無(wu)(wu)酷暑,冬(dong)無(wu)(wu)嚴(yan)寒,溫和(he)(he)濕潤,四季分明等特(te)點。朱(zhu)口鎮氣(qi)候(hou)溫和(he)(he),熱量(liang)充(chong)足,年(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)(ri)照時間1700小時,一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)當中(zhong)(zhong)7月(yue)(yue)最(zui)熱,最(zui)高氣(qi)溫39℃,1月(yue)(yue)份最(zui)冷(leng),最(zui)低氣(qi)溫零下(xia)5℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫17℃,11月(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬(xun)初霜,3月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)終霜,年(nian)(nian)(nian)無(wu)(wu)霜期260天左右。相對濕度80%,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)日(ri)(ri)數為130天~175天,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)1750毫米。降(jiang)水(shui)在季節上分配極不平(ping)(ping)衡,變化幅度大,每年(nian)(nian)(nian)3~6月(yue)(yue)為雨(yu)季,每次降(jiang)雨(yu)多在3天以上,這一(yi)時間的雨(yu)量(liang)占全年(nian)(nian)(nian)雨(yu)量(liang)的60%,特(te)別(bie)是(shi)5、6兩(liang)個(ge)月(yue)(yue),雨(yu)量(liang)集中(zhong)(zhong),降(jiang)雨(yu)強度大,極易(yi)引發(fa)洪(hong)、澇和(he)(he)泥石流及山體滑坡(po)等災害。
4、人(ren)文歷史情(qing)況(kuang):朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根(gen)據(ju)加工工藝不同,可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和炒(chao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),產品(pin)形(xing)態以朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主。據(ju)《朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鎮(zhen)志》記載(zai),朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)主要種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植在(zai)朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鎮(zhen)王坑(keng)、赤(chi)坑(keng)、寨色、石(shi)輞四個(ge)村(cun),名聞邵武、太寧、將樂、建寧等縣市,歷史種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植本地(di)(di)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。本地(di)(di)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)含脂(zhi)肪(fang)多(duo)、營養豐(feng)富、香酥(su)味(wei)厚,特別是(shi)精制加工后的成(cheng)品(pin)“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”歷史悠久、馳名遠近,邵武市面銷售的花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)如貼有(you)“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”商(shang)標(biao),則銷售一(yi)空(kong)。著(zhu)(zhu)名作家馮(feng)敏飛所著(zhu)(zhu)《兵部尚書佚事》有(you)述:“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)是(shi)泰寧最大的鎮(zhen),那些小(xiao)(xiao)山巒,都是(shi)紅壤土(tu),一(yi)雨成(cheng)漿,一(yi)旱成(cheng)石(shi)。就因為(wei)(wei)(wei)此吧,那種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)特別結實,味(wei)道也別致。當地(di)(di)人(ren)加工又(you)特別,先用(yong)鹽水煮,煮了(le)(le)曬,曬了(le)(le)焙,又(you)香又(you)脆(cui)。那花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)個(ge)兒(er)小(xiao)(xiao)小(xiao)(xiao),但非(fei)常飽滿,跟別的花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)明顯(xian)區別,如同南方人(ren)與(yu)北(bei)方人(ren)的個(ge)兒(er)。吃起來,更難(nan)忘”。經(jing)過當地(di)(di)多(duo)年地(di)(di)訓化栽培,因獨有(you)的土(tu)壤類型和氣候條件,如今(jin)已逐漸成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)當地(di)(di)特色品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),因其殼薄、籽(zi)小(xiao)(xiao)、飽滿、香脆(cui)而得(de)名,故名“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”。一(yi)直以來,朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都作為(wei)(wei)(wei)當地(di)(di)群眾探親訪友、請(qing)客(ke)送禮的首選(xuan)佳品(pin),在(zai)泰寧縣及周邊縣市享(xiang)有(you)很高的知名度和認可(ke)度。近年來,隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)泰寧旅(lv)(lv)游(you)業的發展,朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)已成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)當地(di)(di)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)購物的首選(xuan)產品(pin)之一(yi)。
三.地域范圍
朱(zhu)口小籽花生產于福建省泰(tai)寧縣(xian)朱(zhu)口鎮。朱(zhu)口鎮位于泰(tai)寧縣(xian)東(dong)北(bei)部,地(di)(di)(di)處東(dong)經東(dong)經117°10′~117°15′,北(bei)緯26°54′~26°58′,東(dong)南鄰將樂縣(xian),西南連杉城鎮,西北(bei)與(yu)上青(qing)鄉(xiang)交界,東(dong)北(bei)和邵武市接壤,區域總面(mian)(mian)積114.5平方公里(li),耕地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積3.96萬畝(mu),現實際種植朱(zhu)口小籽花生面(mian)(mian)積4200畝(mu),產量600噸。朱(zhu)口鎮地(di)(di)(di)勢較為平坦,屬典型的(de)(de)丘(qiu)陵地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao),氣候溫和濕潤,四(si)季分明,水(shui)利資源豐富,植被良(liang)好(hao),又(you)有泰(tai)寧世界地(di)(di)(di)質公園(yuan)“石輞十里(li)大峽谷”的(de)(de)瑰麗景點,礦業(ye)及旅游等(deng)資源豐富。
四.產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特性(xing)特征
1、外在感官特征:果莢較(jiao)普(pu)通花(hua)生略(lve)小。外殼薄,紋理較(jiao)普(pu)通花(hua)生清晰,顏(yan)色(se)更(geng)深,略(lve)顯紅色(se)。經晾曬后(hou),百莢重(zhong)(zhong)124.4g~128.6g,平均127.2g,百仁重(zhong)(zhong)50~51g,平均50.6g,籽粒(li)較(jiao)普(pu)通花(hua)生更(geng)為(wei)飽滿(man)、完整,口感更(geng)為(wei)香脆。
2、內在品質(zhi)(zhi)指標(biao):朱口小籽花生營養豐富(fu),其中蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)為20-25%,脂肪含(han)量(liang)40-50%。花生仁中維生素C含(han)量(liang)≥4.0mg/100g,鉀(jia)含(han)量(liang)≥600 mg/100g。
3、安全要求:入市(shi)花生(sheng)必(bi)須達到無公害食品花生(sheng)(NY5303—2005)的衛生(sheng)指標。
五.特(te)定(ding)生產方(fang)式
1、外在感(gan)官特征(zheng):果(guo)莢(jia)較普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)生略小。外殼(ke)薄,紋理較普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)生清晰,顏色更(geng)深,略顯紅色。經晾(liang)曬后,百(bai)莢(jia)重(zhong)124.4g~128.6g,平(ping)均(jun)127.2g,百(bai)仁重(zhong)50~51g,平(ping)均(jun)50.6g,籽粒(li)較普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)生更(geng)為飽滿、完整(zheng),口感(gan)更(geng)為香脆(cui)。
2、內在品質(zhi)指標(biao):朱(zhu)口小籽花生(sheng)營養豐富,其中蛋白質(zhi)含(han)(han)量為20-25%,脂肪含(han)(han)量40-50%。花生(sheng)仁中維(wei)生(sheng)素C含(han)(han)量≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含(han)(han)量≥600 mg/100g。
3、安全要求:入市花生必須達到無公害食品花生(NY5303—2005)的(de)衛(wei)生指標。