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一.產品介紹
據《朱口(kou)鎮志》記載,朱口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)主要種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)在朱口(kou)鎮王坑(keng)(keng)、赤(chi)坑(keng)(keng)、寨(zhai)色(se)、石輞四個村,名(ming)聞邵(shao)武、太寧、將(jiang)樂、建寧等縣市(shi),歷(li)史種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)本(ben)地(di)品種(zhong)(zhong)。本(ben)地(di)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)品種(zhong)(zhong)含(han)(han)脂(zhi)肪多、營(ying)養豐富、香(xiang)(xiang)酥味(wei)厚(hou),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)精制加(jia)工后(hou)的(de)成品“朱口(kou)鹽(yan)酥花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”歷(li)史悠(you)久、馳名(ming)遠(yuan)近,邵(shao)武市(shi)面銷售的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)如(ru)貼有“朱口(kou)鹽(yan)酥花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”商標,則銷售一(yi)空。著(zhu)名(ming)作家(jia)馮敏飛所(suo)著(zhu)《兵(bing)部尚書佚(yi)事(shi)》有述:“朱口(kou)是(shi)泰寧最(zui)大的(de)鎮,那(nei)些小(xiao)(xiao)山巒,都是(shi)紅壤(rang)土(tu),一(yi)雨成漿,一(yi)旱成石。就因(yin)為(wei)此吧(ba),那(nei)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)特(te)別(bie)結實,味(wei)道也別(bie)致。當(dang)(dang)地(di)人(ren)加(jia)工又(you)特(te)別(bie),先用(yong)鹽(yan)水(shui)煮(zhu),煮(zhu)了曬(shai),曬(shai)了焙,又(you)香(xiang)(xiang)又(you)脆(cui)。那(nei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)個兒(er)小(xiao)(xiao)小(xiao)(xiao),但非常飽(bao)滿,跟別(bie)的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)明顯(xian)區別(bie),如(ru)同(tong)南(nan)方人(ren)與北(bei)方人(ren)的(de)個兒(er)。吃起來(lai),更難忘”。 經(jing)過當(dang)(dang)地(di)多年馴化栽培,因(yin)獨有的(de)土(tu)壤(rang)類型(xing)和氣候(hou)條件,如(ru)今已逐漸成為(wei)當(dang)(dang)地(di)特(te)色(se)品種(zhong)(zhong),因(yin)其(qi)殼薄、籽小(xiao)(xiao)、飽(bao)滿、香(xiang)(xiang)脆(cui)而得名(ming)。朱口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果莢(jia)較(jiao)普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)略小(xiao)(xiao)。外殼薄,紋理(li)較(jiao)普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清晰,顏(yan)色(se)更深,略顯(xian)紅色(se)。經(jing)晾曬(shai)后(hou),百莢(jia)重124.4g~128.6g,平均127.2g,百仁(ren)(ren)重50~51g,平均50.6g,籽粒較(jiao)普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)更為(wei)飽(bao)滿、完整,口(kou)感更為(wei)香(xiang)(xiang)脆(cui)。朱口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)籽花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)營(ying)養豐富,其(qi)中蛋(dan)白質含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)20-25%,脂(zhi)肪含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)40-50%。花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)仁(ren)(ren)中維生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素C含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)≥600 mg/100g。
二.自(zi)然生態(tai)環境和(he)人(ren)文歷史因素
1、土壤地(di)貌情況:朱口鎮土壤類型(xing)多為砂礫(li)巖酸性紫(zi)色(se)土,即紫(zi)泥田或(huo)紫(zi)泥沙田,鉀的成(cheng)份含量特別高。境內除較開闊的溪谷(gu)盆地(di),沿低山(shan)丘陵和溪澗(jian)山(shan)坡(po)之間還(huan)有(you)大(da)小成(cheng)串的段、垅、坑、坡(po),分布著面積不等的水田、旱地(di),這些(xie)田塊依靠山(shan)澗(jian)泉水和山(shan)塘蓄水灌溉,土地(di)肥沃。
2、水文情況:境內水資源(yuan)豐富,有(you)朱溪(xi)、上將(jiang)溪(xi)、下將(jiang)溪(xi),最(zui)大的(de)朱溪(xi)源(yuan)于邵武(wu)市大埠崗(gang)道峰山(shan),經大埠崗(gang)、龍湖、從梅林(lin)入(ru)境,貫(guan)穿朱口(kou)(kou)鎮至音山(shan)村出境注入(ru)杉溪(xi),集雨面積522.3平(ping)方公里(li),主溪(xi)長46.2公里(li)。 朱口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)籽花生種(zhong)植區(qu)內無大型工廠,灌溉水均來(lai)自山(shan)泉(quan)水,不受污染(ran),無“三廢”排放(fang)和空氣污染(ran),也沒有(you)重金屬污染(ran)歷史。
3、氣(qi)候(hou)情況:朱(zhu)口鎮地(di)處武夷山(shan)(shan)脈東(dong)南側迎(ying)風坡,屬中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶季(ji)(ji)風型山(shan)(shan)地(di)性(xing)氣(qi)候(hou)。夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)受海洋性(xing)氣(qi)候(hou)影響有(you)東(dong)南風,冬季(ji)(ji)受西北冷空氣(qi)侵襲,又具(ju)有(you)大(da)(da)陸性(xing)氣(qi)候(hou)的特征。氣(qi)候(hou)具(ju)有(you)夏(xia)無(wu)酷暑,冬無(wu)嚴寒,溫和(he)濕潤,四(si)季(ji)(ji)分(fen)明等特點(dian)。朱(zhu)口鎮氣(qi)候(hou)溫和(he),熱(re)量(liang)充足,年(nian)日(ri)照時間1700小(xiao)時,一年(nian)當中(zhong)7月(yue)最(zui)熱(re),最(zui)高氣(qi)溫39℃,1月(yue)份(fen)最(zui)冷,最(zui)低氣(qi)溫零下(xia)5℃,年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫17℃,11月(yue)下(xia)旬初(chu)霜(shuang),3月(yue)中(zhong)旬終霜(shuang),年(nian)無(wu)霜(shuang)期260天左(zuo)右(you)。相對濕度80%,年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降水(shui)日(ri)數為(wei)130天~175天,年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降雨(yu)量(liang)1750毫米。降水(shui)在季(ji)(ji)節上分(fen)配極不平(ping)衡(heng),變化幅度大(da)(da),每(mei)年(nian)3~6月(yue)為(wei)雨(yu)季(ji)(ji),每(mei)次(ci)降雨(yu)多在3天以上,這一時間的雨(yu)量(liang)占(zhan)全年(nian)雨(yu)量(liang)的60%,特別是5、6兩個月(yue),雨(yu)量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong),降雨(yu)強度大(da)(da),極易引(yin)發洪(hong)、澇和(he)泥(ni)石流及山(shan)(shan)體滑坡等災害。
4、人(ren)文歷史情況:朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根據加工工藝不(bu)同(tong),可分為(wei)(wei)鹽酥(su)(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)炒花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),產品(pin)形態以(yi)朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。據《朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鎮志》記載,朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)在(zai)(zai)朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鎮王坑、赤坑、寨色(se)、石輞(wang)四個村(cun),名(ming)(ming)聞邵(shao)武、太寧、將樂、建寧等(deng)縣市(shi),歷史種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)本地(di)(di)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。本地(di)(di)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)含脂肪多、營養豐富、香(xiang)酥(su)(su)(su)味厚(hou),特(te)別(bie)(bie)是精制加工后的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)“朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”歷史悠久(jiu)、馳(chi)名(ming)(ming)遠近,邵(shao)武市(shi)面(mian)銷售的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)如貼有“朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”商標,則銷售一(yi)(yi)空。著名(ming)(ming)作家馮(feng)敏飛所著《兵(bing)部尚書佚(yi)事》有述:“朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)是泰寧最大(da)的(de)鎮,那(nei)些小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)山巒,都(dou)是紅壤(rang)土,一(yi)(yi)雨(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)漿(jiang),一(yi)(yi)旱(han)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石。就因為(wei)(wei)此(ci)吧,那(nei)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)特(te)別(bie)(bie)結實,味道也別(bie)(bie)致(zhi)。當地(di)(di)人(ren)加工又(you)(you)特(te)別(bie)(bie),先用鹽水(shui)煮,煮了曬(shai),曬(shai)了焙,又(you)(you)香(xiang)又(you)(you)脆(cui)。那(nei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)個兒(er)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),但非常飽(bao)滿,跟別(bie)(bie)的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)明顯區別(bie)(bie),如同(tong)南方人(ren)與(yu)北方人(ren)的(de)個兒(er)。吃起來,更難忘”。經過當地(di)(di)多年地(di)(di)訓化栽培,因獨有的(de)土壤(rang)類(lei)型(xing)和(he)氣候條件,如今已逐漸成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)當地(di)(di)特(te)色(se)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),因其殼薄、籽(zi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、飽(bao)滿、香(xiang)脆(cui)而得名(ming)(ming),故名(ming)(ming)“朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”。一(yi)(yi)直以(yi)來,朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都(dou)作為(wei)(wei)當地(di)(di)群眾探(tan)親訪友、請客送禮的(de)首選(xuan)(xuan)佳(jia)品(pin),在(zai)(zai)泰寧縣及周邊縣市(shi)享有很高的(de)知名(ming)(ming)度和(he)認可度。近年來,隨著泰寧旅游業(ye)的(de)發展,朱(zhu)口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)當地(di)(di)旅游購物的(de)首選(xuan)(xuan)產品(pin)之一(yi)(yi)。
三.地域范圍
朱(zhu)(zhu)口小籽(zi)花生產于福建省泰(tai)寧(ning)縣朱(zhu)(zhu)口鎮(zhen)。朱(zhu)(zhu)口鎮(zhen)位于泰(tai)寧(ning)縣東(dong)北部,地(di)(di)處(chu)東(dong)經(jing)東(dong)經(jing)117°10′~117°15′,北緯26°54′~26°58′,東(dong)南(nan)(nan)鄰(lin)將樂縣,西南(nan)(nan)連杉城鎮(zhen),西北與上青鄉交界(jie),東(dong)北和邵武市接壤,區域總面(mian)積(ji)114.5平(ping)方公里,耕地(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)3.96萬畝,現(xian)實際種植(zhi)朱(zhu)(zhu)口小籽(zi)花生面(mian)積(ji)4200畝,產量(liang)600噸。朱(zhu)(zhu)口鎮(zhen)地(di)(di)勢較為平(ping)坦,屬典(dian)型的丘陵地(di)(di)貌,氣候溫和濕潤(run),四季分明,水利資源豐富,植(zhi)被良好,又有泰(tai)寧(ning)世界(jie)地(di)(di)質公園“石輞十里大峽(xia)谷”的瑰麗景點,礦業及(ji)旅游(you)等資源豐富。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征
1、外(wai)在(zai)感官特征:果莢較(jiao)普(pu)(pu)通花(hua)生(sheng)略小(xiao)。外(wai)殼薄,紋理較(jiao)普(pu)(pu)通花(hua)生(sheng)清晰(xi),顏色更深(shen),略顯(xian)紅色。經晾(liang)曬后,百(bai)莢重124.4g~128.6g,平(ping)均127.2g,百(bai)仁重50~51g,平(ping)均50.6g,籽粒較(jiao)普(pu)(pu)通花(hua)生(sheng)更為飽(bao)滿、完整(zheng),口感更為香脆。
2、內在品質指標:朱口小籽花生營養(yang)豐富(fu),其中(zhong)蛋白質含(han)量為20-25%,脂肪含(han)量40-50%。花生仁(ren)中(zhong)維生素C含(han)量≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含(han)量≥600 mg/100g。
3、安(an)全要求:入市花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)必須達到無公害食品花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(NY5303—2005)的衛生(sheng)(sheng)指標。
五.特定(ding)生產方式
1、外在感官特(te)征:果莢(jia)較(jiao)普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)生略小。外殼薄,紋(wen)理較(jiao)普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)生清晰,顏色更(geng)深,略顯紅色。經晾曬后,百莢(jia)重(zhong)124.4g~128.6g,平(ping)均127.2g,百仁重(zhong)50~51g,平(ping)均50.6g,籽粒較(jiao)普(pu)通(tong)花(hua)生更(geng)為飽滿、完整,口感更(geng)為香脆。
2、內在品質指標:朱口小(xiao)籽花生(sheng)營養豐(feng)富(fu),其(qi)中蛋白質含(han)量為20-25%,脂肪含(han)量40-50%。花生(sheng)仁(ren)中維生(sheng)素C含(han)量≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含(han)量≥600 mg/100g。
3、安全要(yao)求:入市(shi)花生必須達到無公害食(shi)品(pin)花生(NY5303—2005)的衛生指標。