芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

“翠碧(bi)(bi)(bi)一(yi)(yi)號”屬(shu)于全國兩大(da)特(te)色(se)烤煙(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)之一(yi)(yi)。烤后煙(yan)(yan)葉顏色(se)多(duo)呈桔(jie)黃色(se)，色(se)澤飽(bao)滿、組(zu)織細致、結(jie)構疏(shu)松、厚(hou)度適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)、油分足、彈性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)(qiang)。煙(yan)(yan)葉具有(you)比(bi)較典型(xing)的(de)清香型(xing)風格特(te)征，清雅飄逸，香氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)足、豐(feng)滿細膩綿長(chang)，煙(yan)(yan)味厚(hou)實飽(bao)滿，吃味醇和、余味干凈、生雜氣(qi)(qi)較少，出絲(si)率高、配伍性(xing)(xing)好、醇化時間段(duan)短(duan)。 三(san)明(ming)市(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)煙(yan)(yan)歷(li)(li)史悠久，始于明(ming)朝萬(wan)歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間，迄今(jin)已(yi)有(you)近(jin)四百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)歷(li)(li)史。近(jin)代以(yi)前(qian)，種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉類型(xing)多(duo)為(wei)曬煙(yan)(yan)，以(yi)沙(sha)縣(xian)夏茂曬煙(yan)(yan)最(zui)為(wei)有(you)名(ming)，曾有(you)“煙(yan)(yan)魁”的(de)美譽。烤煙(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始于上世(shi)紀六、七十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代，1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)烤煙(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在全市(shi)范圍(wei)內(nei)全面(mian)推(tui)廣，1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規模迅(xun)速擴大(da)，躍居全省之首。“翠碧(bi)(bi)(bi)一(yi)(yi)號”是福建省三(san)明(ming)市(shi)寧化縣(xian)1977年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)從“特(te)字401”煙(yan)(yan)田(tian)變異株中(zhong)(zhong)選育而成的(de)，1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被正式定(ding)(ding)名(ming)為(wei)“翠碧(bi)(bi)(bi)一(yi)(yi)號”。1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月，該品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)通過省級(ji)審評。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)， 翠碧(bi)(bi)(bi)一(yi)(yi)號被全國煙(yan)(yan)草品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)審定(ding)(ding)委員會認定(ding)(ding)為(wei)“推(tui)廣良種(zhong)(zhong)”。 二十(shi)一(yi)(yi)世(shi)紀初，三(san)明(ming)煙(yan)(yan)區(qu)著(zhu)力培育特(te)色(se)煙(yan)(yan)區(qu)，大(da)力加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang) “良種(zhong)(zhong)、良法、良烤”綜(zong)合配套技術研究及推(tui)廣，有(you)效克(ke)服了推(tui)廣初期(qi)單產低、病害重(zhong)、烘烤難等(deng)(deng)生產瓶頸(jing)，同(tong)時積極(ji)爭取上級(ji)政策扶(fu)持(chi)，注重(zhong)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)工商合作，有(you)效推(tui)動了該品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)發展壯大(da)。近(jin)幾年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，三(san)明(ming)市(shi)“翠碧(bi)(bi)(bi)一(yi)(yi)號”種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規模穩定(ding)(ding)在80萬(wan)擔左(zuo)右，已(yi)穩步進入國內(nei)眾多(duo)重(zhong)點工業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)和重(zhong)點卷煙(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)牌（如：中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)、蘇煙(yan)(yan)、白沙(sha)、黃鶴(he)樓、七匹狼等(deng)(deng)）的(de)配方(fang)，并在這些(xie)骨干卷煙(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)牌的(de)配方(fang)中(zhong)(zhong)發揮著(zhu)重(zhong)要的(de)作用(yong)。

二.自然生態環境和人(ren)文(wen)歷(li)史(shi)因素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌情況：全市(shi)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)類(lei)型有紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)草甸土(tu)(tu)、紫色(se)土(tu)(tu)、石(shi)灰土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)和水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)等7類(lei)，其(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)面(mian)積(ji)162000.03公頃，占土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)7.07%，占耕地(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)95.63%，是主要的(de)耕作土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)。水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)耕作層(ceng)深厚，質地(di)(di)(di)疏松，透氣性好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)質弱酸，pH在4.6～7.5之間；有機質含量(liang)比(bi)較豐富(fu)，平(ping)均3.06%；全氮貯量(liang)豐富(fu)，平(ping)均1.5g/kg，速(su)效氮適中(zhong)，堿解氮151.95mg/kg；速(su)效磷含量(liang)比(bi)較豐富(fu)，磷的(de)供給(gei)比(bi)較充(chong)足，平(ping)均22.46mg/kg；速(su)效鉀平(ping)均40.55mg/kg。全市(shi)屬多山(shan)丘陵(ling)地(di)(di)(di)帶，以(yi)低山(shan)為主、多山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)多丘陵(ling)多盆谷(gu)的(de)層(ceng)狀結構明(ming)顯，可分為山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)、丘陵(ling)、河谷(gu)平(ping)原(yuan)與(yu)崗盆地(di)(di)(di)及水(shui)域(yu)4類(lei)，其(qi)中(zhong)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)、丘陵(ling)與(yu)盆地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)占99%以(yi)上，河谷(gu)平(ping)原(yuan)與(yu)崗盆地(di)(di)(di)及水(shui)面(mian)不到(dao)1%。全市(shi)森林覆蓋率達(da)76.8％，素有“綠色(se)寶庫”之美稱。

2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況：三(san)明境域(yu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)甚多，河(he)網密(mi)度大于(yu)0.13公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)/平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)。多數屬(shu)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系，少(shao)數屬(shu)汀(ting)江(jiang)、九龍江(jiang)和江(jiang)西省(sheng)琴江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系。河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)干流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)大致順(shun)構造線發(fa)(fa)育，構成(cheng)不對稱的(de)樹(shu)枝狀或(huo)格子狀水(shui)(shui)(shui)系。 沙(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)境內第(di)一(yi)(yi)大溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)上(shang)游三(san)大支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)（沙(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、建(jian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、富屯(tun)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)）之一(yi)(yi)，發(fa)(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)建(jian)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)均(jun)口鎮嚴(yan)峰山南(nan)麓，向(xiang)南(nan)經寧(ning)(ning)化(hua)縣(xian)、清(qing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)縣(xian)、永安(an)市(shi)、三(san)明市(shi)區、沙(sha)縣(xian)至(zhi)南(nan)平市(shi)沙(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)口與(yu)富屯(tun)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)匯(hui)合，注(zhu)入(ru)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)，全長322公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積11770平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，占全境總面(mian)積的(de)51.3%，年徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量96億立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)三(san)明市(shi)第(di)二(er)大河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，也(ye)是(shi)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)上(shang)游富屯(tun)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)重要的(de)支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之一(yi)(yi)。源(yuan)頭有二(er)：一(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)寧(ning)(ning)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，發(fa)(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)寧(ning)(ning)化(hua)縣(xian)安(an)遠鄉武(wu)夷山麓；二(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)瀾(lan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，發(fa)(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)建(jian)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)客坊鄉中畬，二(er)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)自合水(shui)(shui)(shui)口匯(hui)合后始稱金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)自合水(shui)(shui)(shui)口向(xiang)東北經泰寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)、將樂縣(xian)至(zhi)順(shun)昌縣(xian)注(zhu)入(ru)富屯(tun)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，全長253公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積7201平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)。尤(you)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)中游的(de)一(yi)(yi)級支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，長171公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積5436平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)。沙(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)多年平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)3～5.7米(mi)(mi)，金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1.77～3.18米(mi)(mi)，尤(you)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)上(shang)游均(jun)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)大田站為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3.65米(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)的(de)季(ji)節和年際變化(hua)都較大，具暴漲暴落(luo)特(te)征。通(tong)常每年5、6月份(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)最高，11月至(zhi)翌年2月水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)最低，相差(cha)1～2米(mi)(mi)，甚至(zhi)11～12米(mi)(mi)（如尤(you)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)）。三(san)明市(shi)地(di)表(biao)徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)豐富，多年平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量約215.83億立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。各水(shui)(shui)(shui)系在枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)期主要以地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)補給，其水(shui)(shui)(shui)化(hua)學特(te)征基(ji)本上(shang)與(yu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)內地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)類似(si)，基(ji)本上(shang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)淡綠、黃綠色、透明、無臭的(de)中性、弱酸性軟水(shui)(shui)(shui)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)質類型為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)HCO3-Ca.Na（或(huo)Na.Ca）型。 

3、氣候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況：三明市(shi)氣候(hou)(hou)類型屬中亞熱帶海洋性季(ji)風氣候(hou)(hou)，四(si)季(ji)分(fen)明，年平均氣溫在(zai)(zai)16.8℃～19.4℃，最熱月7月份平均氣溫27℃～29℃，最冷月1月份平均氣溫在(zai)(zai)5℃～9℃，無霜期258～306天，年平均降水量1550mm～1830mm，相對(dui)濕度79～84%，年日照(zhao)數1600～1790小時(shi)，年活動積溫≥10℃在(zai)(zai)4000～6000℃之間。

三.地域范圍

三(san)明(ming)市(shi)位于福建省(sheng)西(xi)北部，武夷山脈和戴云山脈之(zhi)間，地(di)(di)理(li)座標介于東經(jing)116°22ˊ～118°36ˊ和北緯25°29ˊ～27°07ˊ之(zhi)間。東接福州(zhou)市(shi)，南連龍巖、泉州(zhou)市(shi)，北鄰(lin)南平市(shi)，西(xi)同江西(xi)省(sheng)毗鄰(lin)。三(san)明(ming)翠碧一號烤煙(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)地(di)(di)域范圍包括(kuo)三(san)明(ming)市(shi)行政區(qu)域內三(san)元、梅列(lie)、寧(ning)化、清流、明(ming)溪、永安、大田、尤溪、沙縣(xian)(xian)、蔣(jiang)樂、泰(tai)寧(ning)、建寧(ning)等12個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)（市(shi)、區(qu)）71個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)，總(zong)(zong)生(sheng)產(chan)面積(ji)2萬(wan)公頃，總(zong)(zong)產(chan)量4萬(wan)噸左右。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)(te)性(xing)特(te)(te)征

1、外觀感官特(te)(te)征(zheng)(zheng)：“翠碧一(yi)號”系全(quan)國煙(yan)(yan)草品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)審定(ding)委員(yuan)會認定(ding)的推廣烤煙(yan)(yan)良種(zhong)(zhong)，屬(shu)于(yu)全(quan)國兩大特(te)(te)色(se)烤煙(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)一(yi)。烤后(hou)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)顏(yan)色(se)多呈桔黃色(se)，色(se)澤飽滿、組織細致(zhi)、結構疏松、厚(hou)度適中、油分足、彈(dan)性(xing)強。煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)具有(you)比(bi)較典(dian)型的清香型風格(ge)特(te)(te)征(zheng)(zheng)，清雅飄逸，香氣量(liang)足、豐滿細膩綿(mian)長，煙(yan)(yan)味厚(hou)實飽滿，吃(chi)味醇和、余味干(gan)凈、生雜氣較少，出絲率高、配伍性(xing)好、醇化時間(jian)段短。 

2、安全要求：符合《烤煙(yan)》（GB2635-1992）。

五(wu).特定生產方式

本部(bu)分(fen)內容主要描述影響登記產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)色形成和保持的特(te)定生產方(fang)式： 

1、產地(di)要(yao)求(qiu)。 土(tu)壤(rang)要(yao)求(qiu)：選擇的土(tu)壤(rang)類(lei)(lei)型為(wei)(wei)水稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)、紅壤(rang)、黃(huang)壤(rang)、紫(zi)色土(tu)。土(tu)壤(rang)質地(di)為(wei)(wei)砂壤(rang)、壤(rang)土(tu)、中壤(rang)。結構疏松(song)，通透(tou)性好，孔隙度(du)(du)40～50%，容(rong)重小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)1.6， 耕作(zuo)層大于(yu)(yu)15cm，坡度(du)(du)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)15°。有機質：2～4%；堿(jian)解氮130～170mg/kg； 速(su)效磷15～25 mg/kg；速(su)效鉀平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)40.55 mg/kg；pH值(zhi)5.0～7.0；0～60cm土(tu)層氯離(li)子小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)30mg/kg。 氣候(hou)要(yao)求(qiu)：年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)17～19.4℃，全生長期≥10℃積溫(wen)在4000℃以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)度(du)(du)19～22℃，20～28℃的天(tian)數(shu)在80d以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，日(ri)照時(shi)數(shu)750～850h。采收期日(ri)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)20～28℃的天(tian)數(shu)≥60d，平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照時(shi)數(shu)≥5h/d，累計(ji)降水量(liang)380～580mm。11月(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬播種，1月(yue)底前(qian)育出(chu)適齡壯(zhuang)苗(miao)，2月(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬移栽，4月(yue)下旬進入煙(yan)(yan)葉成熟(shu)采收期，煙(yan)(yan)葉采收時(shi)間達45～60d。 水質要(yao)求(qiu)：總(zong)(zong)砷(shen)≤0.05 mg/L，總(zong)(zong)汞(gong)≤0.001mg/L，總(zong)(zong)鎘(ge)≤0.005 mg/L，總(zong)(zong)鉛(qian)≤0.1 mg/L，氯≤160 mg/L，有機磷類(lei)(lei)≤0.05 mg/L，有機氯類(lei)(lei)≤0.05mg/L，菊(ju)酯類(lei)(lei)≤0.03mg/L。 前(qian)茬(cha)作(zuo)物要(yao)求(qiu)：建立以(yi)煙(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)主的耕作(zuo)制度(du)(du)，實(shi)行(xing)“煙(yan)(yan)稻(dao)(dao)輪作(zuo)”，提倡隔年輪作(zuo)，以(yi)水稻(dao)(dao)、玉米、豆類(lei)(lei)等為(wei)(wei)前(qian)茬(cha)，禁止與煙(yan)(yan)草同源病蟲(chong)害的茄科(ke)、葫蘆科(ke)作(zuo)物連(lian)作(zuo)、對茬(cha)。 

2、品種(zhong)要(yao)求(qiu)。 品種(zhong)為(wei)“翠(cui)碧(bi)一號”，采取(qu)單行高壟種(zhong)植，中等肥力田塊(kuai)，株(zhu)行距為(wei)0.5m×1.2m，每(mei)667平方米種(zhong)植1100株(zhu)，以發(fa)揮(hui)群(qun)體優(you)勢，保證煙(yan)株(zhu)個體發(fa)育(yu)與(yu)群(qun)體生長的協調(diao)。 

3、生(sheng)產(chan)控制(zhi)。 為(wei)(wei)(wei)加強三(san)明翠碧一(yi)(yi)(yi)號烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的生(sheng)產(chan)過程管理，使(shi)烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)產(chan)品達(da)(da)到(dao)優(you)質、適產(chan)、安全(quan)，特制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)以(yi)下(xia)各項管理制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du): 育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)技(ji)(ji)術要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式為(wei)(wei)(wei)濕(shi)潤育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)盤用(yong)(yong)全(quan)新黑色PVC片(pian)材制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)，100穴/盤，長(chang)(chang)×寬(kuan)×高=58.5厘米(mi)(mi)×32厘米(mi)(mi)×4.4厘米(mi)(mi)，成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)孔(kong)上(shang)口徑(jing)(jing)×下(xia)底徑(jing)(jing)×孔(kong)深(shen)=4.3厘米(mi)(mi)×1.3厘米(mi)(mi)×4.4厘米(mi)(mi)，重量(liang)≥90克(ke)/盤。育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)場地(di)(di)(di)應(ying)選擇避風向陽(yang)、地(di)(di)(di)勢平坦、地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)位低(di)(di)、有(you)(you)潔凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)源（井水(shui)(shui)、自來水(shui)(shui)）、交(jiao)通方(fang)(fang)(fang)便、遠離影響(xiang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)棚光照的建筑物等(deng)物體(ti)(ti)的地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)，禁止(zhi)在(zai)菜地(di)(di)(di)、茄科作物地(di)(di)(di)及當(dang)(dang)年煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)地(di)(di)(di)建棚，以(yi)防(fang)(fang)傳染病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)。推廣竹木(mu)結構的中(zhong)(zhong)棚育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，中(zhong)(zhong)棚規格為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)20.5m、寬(kuan)3.4m、高1.7m，可提供20畝大(da)田(tian)(tian)(tian)用(yong)(yong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)是寬(kuan)40厘米(mi)(mi)的走道(dao)，邊道(dao)寬(kuan)20厘米(mi)(mi)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)新鮮干凈(jing)(jing)(jing)過篩的黃泥土(tu)(tu)與(yu)烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)濕(shi)潤育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)基(ji)(ji)質，按3︰7（體(ti)(ti)積(ji)比）的比例混合，充(chong)(chong)分(fen)攪拌均(jun)勻(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)裝(zhuang)盤，基(ji)(ji)質的濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)把握要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)手(shou)(shou)能(neng)(neng)握成(cheng)(cheng)團、松手(shou)(shou)自然(ran)散開(kai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)宜(yi)。每(mei)穴播(bo)2粒包(bao)(bao)衣種(zhong)子，播(bo)完后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)盤上(shang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)均(jun)勻(yun)反復(fu)用(yong)(yong)噴霧器(qi)噴灑(sa)(sa)清水(shui)(shui)，使(shi)種(zhong)子包(bao)(bao)衣充(chong)(chong)分(fen)裂解，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)塑(su)(su)料(liao)托盤兩個(ge)并(bing)(bing)(bing)排(pai)擺放在(zai)育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)畦(qi)(qi)的塑(su)(su)料(liao)膜(mo)上(shang)。育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)液N︰P205︰k20=2︰1︰2，肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)還(huan)含有(you)(you)鈣、鎂、銅、鋅、硫、鐵、錳(meng)、硼(peng)、鉬等(deng)中(zhong)(zhong)微量(liang)元素(su)。在(zai)育(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian)期，要(yao)(yao)注意補(bu)充(chong)(chong)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)液，保持小池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)的營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)液液面(mian)在(zai)1cm左(zuo)(zuo)右，當(dang)(dang)第二(er)次(ci)剪(jian)葉(xie)(xie)結束還(huan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，斷去苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床肥(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)，改用(yong)(yong)灑(sa)(sa)水(shui)(shui)壺噴灑(sa)(sa)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)液。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)齡70～90天(tian)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)結合剪(jian)葉(xie)(xie)、煉苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，達(da)(da)到(dao)根(gen)(gen)系(xi)發(fa)達(da)(da)，側根(gen)(gen)數(shu)多，個(ge)體(ti)(ti)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)強壯(zhuang)，群(qun)體(ti)(ti)整齊一(yi)(yi)(yi)致，無病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)；真(zhen)葉(xie)(xie)7片(pian)～9片(pian)，葉(xie)(xie)色濃淡適中(zhong)(zhong)，莖桿柔韌(ren)繞手(shou)(shou)指不斷，莖粗0.5cm～0.7cm，莖桿高度(du)(du)(du)5cm～10cm。 移栽(zai)(zai)技(ji)(ji)術要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：推行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)覆蓋栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)，移栽(zai)(zai)前(qian)15～25天(tian)，先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粗整畦(qi)(qi)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)壟(long)中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)開(kai)深(shen)15cm～20cm，寬(kuan)15cm～20cm的條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)溝，施(shi)用(yong)(yong)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)溝肥(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)溝填平、壟(long)體(ti)(ti)整高，整細(xi)、整平壟(long)體(ti)(ti)表(biao)面(mian)土(tu)(tu)塊，使(shi)壟(long)體(ti)(ti)飽滿，再蓋膜(mo)待栽(zai)(zai)。 每(mei)667平方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)復(fu)混肥(fei)(fei)(fei)43公(gong)斤(jin)、硫酸(suan)鉀(jia)10公(gong)斤(jin)、硝酸(suan)鉀(jia)10公(gong)斤(jin)、氧化鎂10公(gong)斤(jin)、充(chong)(chong)分(fen)腐熟的農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)500公(gong)斤(jin)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)復(fu)混肥(fei)(fei)(fei)全(quan)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，硝酸(suan)鉀(jia)全(quan)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，硫酸(suan)鉀(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)半為(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)︰追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)＝8︰2。根(gen)(gen)據土(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力、質地(di)(di)(di)等(deng)確定(ding)(ding)密度(du)(du)(du)，土(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力較(jiao)好、土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深(shen)厚、排(pai)灌方(fang)(fang)(fang)便的田(tian)(tian)(tian)塊行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距115cm～120cm，株(zhu)(zhu)距50cm～55cm，每(mei)667平方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)植(zhi)1050～1100株(zhu)(zhu)。土(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力較(jiao)差，土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)較(jiao)淺的田(tian)(tian)(tian)塊，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距110cm～115cm，株(zhu)(zhu)距45cm～50cm，每(mei)667平方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)植(zhi)1100～1200株(zhu)(zhu)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)移栽(zai)(zai)器(qi)定(ding)(ding)距開(kai)穴種(zhong)植(zhi)“膜(mo)上(shang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)土(tu)(tu)作穴肥(fei)(fei)(fei)（用(yong)(yong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、鈣鎂磷、火燒土(tu)(tu)、山表(biao)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)土(tu)(tu)等(deng)提前(qian)10-15天(tian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)堆漚，施(shi)氮量(liang)約占總(zong)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)的5%）進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)移栽(zai)(zai)，提高煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)成(cheng)(cheng)活率。移栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)澆足定(ding)(ding)根(gen)(gen)水(shui)(shui)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)盡早返苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。 大(da)田(tian)(tian)(tian)管理技(ji)(ji)術要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)移栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)要(yao)(yao)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)早生(sheng)快(kuai)發(fa)，正常(chang)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)田(tian)(tian)(tian)間(jian)(jian)長(chang)(chang)相為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)棵(ke)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，個(ge)體(ti)(ti)健壯(zhuang)，群(qun)體(ti)(ti)均(jun)衡(heng)，營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)協調，分(fen)層(ceng)落黃。移栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)3～5天(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)還(huan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期；移栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)35～45天(tian)達(da)(da)到(dao)團棵(ke)期；栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)45～55天(tian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)入旺長(chang)(chang)期；栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)70天(tian)左(zuo)(zuo)右開(kai)始現蕾，80天(tian)左(zuo)(zuo)右煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)基(ji)(ji)本定(ding)(ding)形，進(jin)(jin)(jin)入成(cheng)(cheng)熟期。查(cha)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)補(bu)缺(que)：移栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)7天(tian)內進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)查(cha)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)補(bu)缺(que)，先(xian)消除造成(cheng)(cheng)缺(que)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的因素(su)如蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)或(huo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)害(hai)(hai)等(deng)，再選取老壯(zhuang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)補(bu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)對新補(bu)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)重點(dian)管理，偏(pian)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)快(kuai)速生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，保證煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)田(tian)(tian)(tian)植(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)整齊一(yi)(yi)(yi)致；掀(xian)膜(mo)培(pei)(pei)土(tu)(tu)、揭(jie)(jie)膜(mo)：當(dang)(dang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)處于大(da)開(kai)盤至團棵(ke)期時(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)掀(xian)膜(mo)培(pei)(pei)土(tu)(tu)，改善根(gen)(gen)系(xi)土(tu)(tu)壤環境，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期的正常(chang)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)于4月10日前(qian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)揭(jie)(jie)膜(mo)，以(yi)降低(di)(di)壟(long)體(ti)(ti)土(tu)(tu)壤溫度(du)(du)(du)，防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)根(gen)(gen)莖性(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)流行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。打頂(ding)與(yu)留葉(xie)(xie)：肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力中(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)正常(chang)，發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)良(liang)好的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)田(tian)(tian)(tian)，在(zai)10%中(zhong)(zhong)心花(hua)初(chu)開(kai)時(shi)結合小于15cm的無效葉(xie)(xie)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)打頂(ding)，確保頂(ding)葉(xie)(xie)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)正常(chang)開(kai)面(mian)，有(you)(you)效葉(xie)(xie)達(da)(da)18-22片(pian)。 病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：堅持“預防(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主，綜合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)”的原則(ze)，突出農業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)措施(shi)，以(yi)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)避病(bing)(bing)(bing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)礎，加強病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)預測(ce)預報(bao)，建立(li)容自然(ran)控制(zhi)、生(sheng)態(tai)調控、物理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)及高效低(di)(di)毒低(di)(di)殘留農藥(yao)配套(tao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)(ti)的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草有(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)物綜合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，長(chang)(chang)期穩定(ding)(ding)地(di)(di)(di)把病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)造成(cheng)(cheng)的損失(shi)降到(dao)最低(di)(di)限度(du)(du)(du)，保障優(you)質煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)的生(sheng)產(chan)。 

4、產品處理。 成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：基本(ben)原(yuan)則(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)適(shi)(shi)時(shi)早(zao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收，上(shang)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收”。下(xia)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)適(shi)(shi)時(shi)早(zao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，第一(yi)(yi)次采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收在(zai)打(da)頂后(hou)5-7天時(shi)進(jin)行，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收標準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面綠色(se)(se)(se)稍有消退，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)色(se)(se)(se)仍以(yi)綠為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主；中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)穩(wen)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，在(zai)下(xia)二棚采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收后(hou)停(ting)7-10天左右，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收標準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)主脈發白(bai)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面基本(ben)全(quan)黃(huang)，僅有少(shao)(shao)許青色(se)(se)(se)；上(shang)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收標準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主支(zhi)脈全(quan)白(bai)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)鮮(xian)明(ming)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)色(se)(se)(se)以(yi)黃(huang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主。多云、陰天整(zheng)天均可采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收，以(yi)午后(hou)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)佳。雨(yu)(yu)天不(bu)宜采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收，晴熱干(gan)旱天氣(qi)宜早(zao)晨(chen)傍(bang)晚采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收。 綁(bang)(bang)煙(yan)(yan)與(yu)裝(zhuang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：鮮(xian)煙(yan)(yan)初(chu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)：煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收后(hou)，先進(jin)行鮮(xian)煙(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)常成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)略(lve)高(gao)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)略(lve)低、病(bing)蟲為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)害(hai)等特殊煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)四類。 限葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)綁(bang)(bang)竿(gan)：密(mi)集式(shi)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)房(fang)(fang)，煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)3片(pian)一(yi)(yi)束(shu)，1.45m長(chang)的(de)煙(yan)(yan)竿(gan)，每竿(gan)50束(shu)、約150片(pian)；應使用(yong)蔴(ma)繩、棉線等植物(wu)纖維(wei)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)綁(bang)(bang)煙(yan)(yan)材料(liao)(liao)；杜絕采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)橡膠(jiao)、塑(su)料(liao)(liao)等化(hua)學物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料(liao)(liao)用(yong)于綁(bang)(bang)煙(yan)(yan)。 掛竿(gan)、裝(zhuang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)：裝(zhuang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)前要(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類統計出總竿(gan)數，確定(ding)每層(ceng)(ceng)所裝(zhuang)竿(gan)數，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)同層(ceng)(ceng)均勻，上(shang)下(xia)疏密(mi)一(yi)(yi)致，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)好的(de)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)裝(zhuang)中(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)差的(de)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)裝(zhuang)上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)，過熟(shu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)裝(zhuang)下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)，觀(guan)察窗周圍要(yao)裝(zhuang)有代表性(xing)的(de)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。上(shang)部(bu)(bu)、含(han)(han)水量少(shao)(shao)的(de)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，氣(qi)候干(gan)旱的(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，應適(shi)(shi)當(dang)裝(zhuang)密(mi)，烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)時(shi)有利(li)于保(bao)濕變(bian)(bian)(bian)黃(huang)；中(zhong)(zhong)、下(xia)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，含(han)(han)水分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)多的(de)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，下(xia)雨(yu)(yu)天采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收的(de)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，應適(shi)(shi)當(dang)裝(zhuang)稀(xi)，有利(li)于排濕。 調(diao)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：調(diao)制(zhi)設施為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)密(mi)集式(shi)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)房(fang)(fang)。煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)原(yuan)則(ze)，根據田間(jian)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)生長(chang)發育狀況，以(yi)及所采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)鮮(xian)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量特點及其(qi)在(zai)烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)，靈活進(jin)行各項控制(zhi)操作。按照三段式(shi)烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)黃(huang)期把握(wo)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)變(bian)(bian)(bian)黃(huang)凋(diao)(diao)萎(wei)，促進(jin)淀(dian)粉的(de)轉化(hua)；定(ding)色(se)(se)(se)期要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)適(shi)(shi)時(shi)排濕定(ding)色(se)(se)(se)；干(gan)筋期要(yao)避免高(gao)溫(wen)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)紅等問題。變(bian)(bian)(bian)黃(huang)凋(diao)(diao)萎(wei)期：促進(jin)內含(han)(han)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)轉化(hua)特別是(shi)淀(dian)粉、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及色(se)(se)(se)素(su)的(de)降解和香氣(qi)前體(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。其(qi)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)領是(shi)“穩(wen)住溫(wen)度(du)，調(diao)整(zheng)濕度(du)，控制(zhi)燒火(huo)(huo)(huo)，延長(chang)時(shi)間(jian)，確保(bao)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)變(bian)(bian)(bian)黃(huang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)軟”。干(gan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)定(ding)色(se)(se)(se)期：促進(jin)煙(yan)(yan)筋充分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)變(bian)(bian)(bian)黃(huang)和最佳顏色(se)(se)(se)固定(ding)，促進(jin)香氣(qi)聚合(he)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和積累。其(qi)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)領是(shi)“加大燒火(huo)(huo)(huo)，穩(wen)住濕球(qiu)(qiu)，升(sheng)高(gao)干(gan)球(qiu)(qiu)”。干(gan)筋期：減少(shao)(shao)香氣(qi)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揮發，徹底干(gan)燥煙(yan)(yan)筋。其(qi)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)領為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“穩(wen)住火(huo)(huo)(huo)力，控制(zhi)干(gan)球(qiu)(qiu)，限制(zhi)濕球(qiu)(qiu)，減少(shao)(shao)通風(feng)，適(shi)(shi)時(shi)停(ting)火(huo)(huo)(huo)”。 等級(ji)判定(ding)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：嚴格按照國家烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)42級(ji)標準(zhun)（GB2635-1992）。 

5、生(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)錄要求。 對煙葉(xie)種(zhong)植地點，前茬作物，土壤質地，種(zhong)植品(pin)種(zhong)，播種(zhong)時間，移栽時間，所施(shi)(shi)用(yong)肥料名稱(cheng)、施(shi)(shi)肥方(fang)式、施(shi)(shi)肥時間、施(shi)(shi)肥量，施(shi)(shi)用(yong)農藥(yao)名稱(cheng)、施(shi)(shi)藥(yao)方(fang)式、施(shi)(shi)藥(yao)時間，煙葉(xie)采收(shou)、調制、收(shou)購等項目的日(ri)期、方(fang)式、數量等進行詳細(xi)的記(ji)錄。