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一.產品介紹

“翠(cui)(cui)碧(bi)一(yi)號(hao)(hao)”屬于(yu)(yu)全國(guo)兩(liang)大特色烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之一(yi)。烤(kao)(kao)后(hou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉顏色多呈桔(jie)黃色，色澤(ze)飽(bao)滿(man)、組織細致、結構疏松、厚度適中(zhong)、油分足、彈性強(qiang)(qiang)。煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉具有(you)比較典型(xing)的清香(xiang)型(xing)風格特征，清雅飄逸，香(xiang)氣量足、豐滿(man)細膩綿長，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)味(wei)厚實(shi)飽(bao)滿(man)，吃味(wei)醇(chun)和、余(yu)味(wei)干凈、生(sheng)雜氣較少，出(chu)絲率高、配(pei)伍(wu)性好、醇(chun)化(hua)時間段短。 三(san)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)歷(li)史悠久，始(shi)于(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)萬歷(li)年(nian)(nian)間，迄今(jin)已有(you)近四百年(nian)(nian)歷(li)史。近代以(yi)前(qian)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉類型(xing)多為(wei)(wei)曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，以(yi)沙(sha)(sha)縣夏茂曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)最為(wei)(wei)有(you)名，曾有(you)“煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)魁”的美(mei)譽。烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)始(shi)于(yu)(yu)上世紀六、七(qi)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)代，1988年(nian)(nian)烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)在全市(shi)范圍內全面(mian)推(tui)(tui)廣，1991年(nian)(nian)后(hou)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)規(gui)(gui)模迅速擴大，躍居全省之首。“翠(cui)(cui)碧(bi)一(yi)號(hao)(hao)”是(shi)福建省三(san)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)寧化(hua)縣1977年(nian)(nian)從“特字401”煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)田變異株中(zhong)選育(yu)(yu)而成的，1982年(nian)(nian)被正式定(ding)名為(wei)(wei)“翠(cui)(cui)碧(bi)一(yi)號(hao)(hao)”。1989年(nian)(nian)6月，該(gai)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)通過(guo)省級審評。1991年(nian)(nian)， 翠(cui)(cui)碧(bi)一(yi)號(hao)(hao)被全國(guo)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審定(ding)委員會(hui)認定(ding)為(wei)(wei)“推(tui)(tui)廣良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”。 二十(shi)一(yi)世紀初(chu)，三(san)明(ming)(ming)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)著(zhu)力培育(yu)(yu)特色煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)，大力加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang) “良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、良(liang)法、良(liang)烤(kao)(kao)”綜合配(pei)套技術研究及(ji)推(tui)(tui)廣，有(you)效(xiao)克服了(le)推(tui)(tui)廣初(chu)期單產低、病害重(zhong)、烘烤(kao)(kao)難等生(sheng)產瓶頸，同時積極爭取上級政策扶持，注重(zhong)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)商(shang)合作，有(you)效(xiao)推(tui)(tui)動了(le)該(gai)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的發展壯(zhuang)大。近幾年(nian)(nian)，三(san)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)“翠(cui)(cui)碧(bi)一(yi)號(hao)(hao)”種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)規(gui)(gui)模穩定(ding)在80萬擔左右，已穩步進(jin)入國(guo)內眾多重(zhong)點工(gong)業企業和重(zhong)點卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)牌（如：中(zhong)華、蘇煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、白沙(sha)(sha)、黃鶴樓、七(qi)匹狼(lang)等）的配(pei)方，并在這些(xie)骨干卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)牌的配(pei)方中(zhong)發揮著(zhu)重(zhong)要(yao)的作用。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素

1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌情況：全(quan)市土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤類(lei)(lei)型有紅壤、黃壤、山(shan)地(di)(di)草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、紫色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、石灰土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等7類(lei)(lei)，其(qi)中水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)162000.03公(gong)頃，占土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的7.07%，占耕地(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的95.63%，是主要的耕作土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤。水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)耕作層深厚，質地(di)(di)疏(shu)松，透氣性好，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質弱酸，pH在4.6～7.5之間(jian)；有機(ji)質含量比(bi)較(jiao)豐(feng)富，平均3.06%；全(quan)氮(dan)貯(zhu)量豐(feng)富，平均1.5g/kg，速(su)效氮(dan)適(shi)中，堿(jian)解氮(dan)151.95mg/kg；速(su)效磷含量比(bi)較(jiao)豐(feng)富，磷的供給比(bi)較(jiao)充足，平均22.46mg/kg；速(su)效鉀(jia)平均40.55mg/kg。全(quan)市屬多(duo)山(shan)丘(qiu)陵地(di)(di)帶(dai)，以低山(shan)為主、多(duo)山(shan)地(di)(di)多(duo)丘(qiu)陵多(duo)盆(pen)谷的層狀結構明(ming)顯，可分為山(shan)地(di)(di)、丘(qiu)陵、河谷平原與崗盆(pen)地(di)(di)及水(shui)域4類(lei)(lei)，其(qi)中山(shan)地(di)(di)、丘(qiu)陵與盆(pen)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)占99%以上，河谷平原與崗盆(pen)地(di)(di)及水(shui)面(mian)(mian)不到1%。全(quan)市森林覆蓋率達(da)76.8％，素(su)有“綠色寶庫”之美稱(cheng)。

2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang)：三(san)明(ming)境(jing)域溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)甚多，河(he)網(wang)密度大于(yu)(yu)0.13公(gong)(gong)里/平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里。多數屬(shu)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系，少數屬(shu)汀江(jiang)、九(jiu)龍江(jiang)和江(jiang)西省(sheng)琴(qin)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系。河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)干流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)大致(zhi)順構造線發(fa)育，構成不對(dui)稱(cheng)的(de)樹(shu)枝狀或格子狀水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系。 沙(sha)(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)境(jing)內(nei)第一(yi)大溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，為(wei)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)上游(you)三(san)大支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)（沙(sha)(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、建(jian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、富(fu)(fu)(fu)屯溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)）之一(yi)，發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)(yu)建(jian)寧縣均口鎮嚴峰(feng)山南麓(lu)，向(xiang)南經(jing)寧化縣、清流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)縣、永安(an)市(shi)、三(san)明(ming)市(shi)區、沙(sha)(sha)縣至(zhi)南平(ping)(ping)市(shi)沙(sha)(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)口與富(fu)(fu)(fu)屯溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)匯合，注入閩(min)(min)江(jiang)，全(quan)長322公(gong)(gong)里，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)11770平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里，占全(quan)境(jing)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)51.3%，年徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)96億立方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)三(san)明(ming)市(shi)第二(er)(er)大河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，也是(shi)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)上游(you)富(fu)(fu)(fu)屯溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)重要(yao)的(de)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之一(yi)。源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)有(you)二(er)(er)：一(yi)為(wei)寧溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)(yu)寧化縣安(an)遠鄉武夷山麓(lu)；二(er)(er)為(wei)瀾(lan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)(yu)建(jian)寧縣客坊鄉中(zhong)畬(yu)，二(er)(er)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)自合水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口匯合后始稱(cheng)金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)自合水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口向(xiang)東北(bei)經(jing)泰(tai)寧縣、將樂縣至(zhi)順昌縣注入富(fu)(fu)(fu)屯溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，全(quan)長253公(gong)(gong)里，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)7201平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里。尤溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)閩(min)(min)江(jiang)中(zhong)游(you)的(de)一(yi)級支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，長171公(gong)(gong)里，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)5436平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里。沙(sha)(sha)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)多年平(ping)(ping)均水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)3～5.7米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，金(jin)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)為(wei)1.77～3.18米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，尤溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)上游(you)均溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)大田站為(wei)3.65米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)的(de)季節和年際變化都較大，具(ju)暴漲暴落(luo)特(te)征。通常每(mei)年5、6月(yue)(yue)份水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)最(zui)高，11月(yue)(yue)至(zhi)翌年2月(yue)(yue)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)最(zui)低(di)，相差1～2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，甚至(zhi)11～12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)（如尤溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)）。三(san)明(ming)市(shi)地表徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)豐富(fu)(fu)(fu)，多年平(ping)(ping)均水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)約(yue)215.83億立方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。各(ge)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系在枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期主要(yao)以(yi)地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)補給，其水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)化學(xue)特(te)征基本上與流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域內(nei)地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)類(lei)(lei)似，基本上為(wei)淡綠、黃(huang)綠色、透(tou)明(ming)、無臭的(de)中(zhong)性(xing)、弱酸性(xing)軟水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質類(lei)(lei)型為(wei)HCO3-Ca.Na（或Na.Ca）型。 

3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況：三(san)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)類型屬(shu)中亞熱帶海(hai)洋性季風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，四季分明(ming)(ming)，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在16.8℃～19.4℃，最熱月(yue)(yue)(yue)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)份平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)27℃～29℃，最冷(leng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)份平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在5℃～9℃，無霜期258～306天，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降水量1550mm～1830mm，相對濕度79～84%，年(nian)日照數1600～1790小(xiao)時，年(nian)活動積溫(wen)≥10℃在4000～6000℃之間(jian)。

三.地域范圍

三(san)明(ming)市(shi)位于福建(jian)(jian)省西(xi)北(bei)部，武夷山脈和(he)戴云山脈之間(jian)(jian)，地理座標介于東(dong)經116°22ˊ～118°36ˊ和(he)北(bei)緯25°29ˊ～27°07ˊ之間(jian)(jian)。東(dong)接福州市(shi)，南(nan)連龍巖、泉(quan)州市(shi)，北(bei)鄰南(nan)平市(shi)，西(xi)同江西(xi)省毗鄰。三(san)明(ming)翠碧(bi)一號(hao)烤煙生(sheng)產(chan)地域范圍包(bao)括三(san)明(ming)市(shi)行政(zheng)區(qu)域內三(san)元、梅列、寧(ning)化(hua)、清流、明(ming)溪、永安(an)、大田、尤(you)溪、沙縣、蔣樂、泰(tai)寧(ning)、建(jian)(jian)寧(ning)等12個縣（市(shi)、區(qu)）71個鄉鎮，總生(sheng)產(chan)面積2萬(wan)公頃，總產(chan)量4萬(wan)噸左右(you)。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性(xing)特征

1、外觀感(gan)官特征：“翠碧一(yi)號(hao)”系全國煙(yan)草品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)審定委員會認定的推廣烤煙(yan)良(liang)種(zhong)，屬于全國兩大特色(se)烤煙(yan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)之(zhi)一(yi)。烤后(hou)煙(yan)葉(xie)顏色(se)多呈桔黃色(se)，色(se)澤飽(bao)滿(man)、組織細致(zhi)、結構疏松、厚(hou)度(du)適中、油分足、彈性(xing)強。煙(yan)葉(xie)具有(you)比較(jiao)典型的清香(xiang)型風(feng)格特征，清雅飄逸，香(xiang)氣(qi)量足、豐滿(man)細膩綿長，煙(yan)味厚(hou)實飽(bao)滿(man)，吃味醇(chun)和、余(yu)味干凈、生雜氣(qi)較(jiao)少，出(chu)絲率高、配伍性(xing)好、醇(chun)化時(shi)間段短。 

2、安全(quan)要求：符(fu)合(he)《烤煙》（GB2635-1992）。

五.特定生產方式

本部(bu)分(fen)內容(rong)主要描述影(ying)響登記產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特色形成和保持(chi)的特定生產(chan)方式(shi)： 

1、產地要(yao)求(qiu)。 土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)要(yao)求(qiu)：選擇的土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類(lei)型為(wei)(wei)水(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)、紅壤(rang)(rang)、黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)、紫色土(tu)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質地為(wei)(wei)砂壤(rang)(rang)、壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)、中壤(rang)(rang)。結構疏松(song)，通透(tou)性好，孔(kong)隙度40～50%，容重小于1.6， 耕作(zuo)層(ceng)大于15cm，坡(po)度小于15°。有機質：2～4%；堿解氮130～170mg/kg； 速效磷15～25 mg/kg；速效鉀平均(jun)(jun)40.55 mg/kg；pH值5.0～7.0；0～60cm土(tu)層(ceng)氯離子小于30mg/kg。 氣候要(yao)求(qiu)：年平均(jun)(jun)氣溫17～19.4℃，全生長期≥10℃積溫在4000℃以(yi)上，平均(jun)(jun)溫度19～22℃，20～28℃的天數在80d以(yi)上，日(ri)照(zhao)時數750～850h。采收(shou)期日(ri)平均(jun)(jun)氣溫20～28℃的天數≥60d，平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時數≥5h/d，累計降水(shui)量380～580mm。11月(yue)上旬播種，1月(yue)底前育出適齡壯(zhuang)苗，2月(yue)上旬移栽，4月(yue)下旬進入(ru)煙(yan)(yan)葉成熟采收(shou)期，煙(yan)(yan)葉采收(shou)時間達45～60d。 水(shui)質要(yao)求(qiu)：總(zong)(zong)砷(shen)≤0.05 mg/L，總(zong)(zong)汞≤0.001mg/L，總(zong)(zong)鎘≤0.005 mg/L，總(zong)(zong)鉛≤0.1 mg/L，氯≤160 mg/L，有機磷類(lei)≤0.05 mg/L，有機氯類(lei)≤0.05mg/L，菊酯(zhi)類(lei)≤0.03mg/L。 前茬作(zuo)物(wu)要(yao)求(qiu)：建立(li)以(yi)煙(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)主的耕作(zuo)制度，實(shi)行“煙(yan)(yan)稻(dao)輪作(zuo)”，提(ti)倡隔(ge)年輪作(zuo)，以(yi)水(shui)稻(dao)、玉米(mi)、豆類(lei)等為(wei)(wei)前茬，禁止與煙(yan)(yan)草同源病蟲(chong)害(hai)的茄科(ke)、葫蘆(lu)科(ke)作(zuo)物(wu)連作(zuo)、對茬。 

2、品種(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)求。 品種(zhong)(zhong)為“翠碧一號(hao)”，采取單行(xing)(xing)高壟種(zhong)(zhong)植，中(zhong)等肥力(li)田塊，株(zhu)行(xing)(xing)距為0.5m×1.2m，每667平方米種(zhong)(zhong)植1100株(zhu)，以發揮群(qun)體(ti)優勢(shi)，保證(zheng)煙株(zhu)個體(ti)發育與群(qun)體(ti)生(sheng)長的協調。 

3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)控制。 為加強(qiang)三明翠碧一(yi)號烤煙(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，使烤煙(yan)(yan)產(chan)(chan)品達(da)到(dao)優質、適(shi)產(chan)(chan)、安(an)全(quan)，特制定以下各項管(guan)(guan)理(li)制度(du): 育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)技術(shu)要求(qiu)：育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)方(fang)式為濕潤育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)全(quan)新黑色PVC片(pian)(pian)材(cai)制成(cheng)(cheng)，100穴(xue)/盤(pan)(pan)(pan)，長(chang)(chang)×寬(kuan)×高(gao)=58.5厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)×32厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)×4.4厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)，成(cheng)(cheng)型孔上(shang)口徑(jing)×下底(di)徑(jing)×孔深=4.3厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)×1.3厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)×4.4厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)，重(zhong)量≥90克(ke)/盤(pan)(pan)(pan)。育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)場地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)應選(xuan)擇(ze)避風(feng)向陽、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平(ping)坦(tan)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)位低(di)(di)(di)、有(you)潔(jie)凈(jing)水(shui)源（井水(shui)、自(zi)來水(shui)）、交(jiao)通方(fang)便、遠(yuan)離影(ying)響(xiang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)棚光照的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)物(wu)等(deng)物(wu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)，禁止(zhi)在(zai)菜(cai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、茄科作(zuo)物(wu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)及(ji)當年煙(yan)(yan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)建棚，以防(fang)傳染病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)。推(tui)(tui)廣竹(zhu)木結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)棚育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，中(zhong)(zhong)棚規格為長(chang)(chang)20.5m、寬(kuan)3.4m、高(gao)1.7m，可提供20畝大(da)田(tian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，中(zhong)(zhong)間是寬(kuan)40厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)走(zou)道(dao)，邊道(dao)寬(kuan)20厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)新鮮干凈(jing)過篩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)泥土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)與(yu)烤煙(yan)(yan)濕潤育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)基質，按3︰7（體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)積比）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例混合(he)(he)，充(chong)(chong)分(fen)(fen)攪拌均勻后(hou)裝盤(pan)(pan)(pan)，基質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕度(du)把握要求(qiu)以用(yong)(yong)(yong)手能(neng)握成(cheng)(cheng)團、松手自(zi)然散開(kai)為宜(yi)。每(mei)(mei)穴(xue)播(bo)2粒包衣種(zhong)子，播(bo)完后(hou)在(zai)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)上(shang)方(fang)均勻反復用(yong)(yong)(yong)噴霧器噴灑(sa)清水(shui)，使種(zhong)子包衣充(chong)(chong)分(fen)(fen)裂解，然后(hou)將塑料托盤(pan)(pan)(pan)兩(liang)個并排擺放在(zai)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)畦(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塑料膜(mo)上(shang)。育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)營(ying)養(yang)液N︰P205︰k20=2︰1︰2，肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料中(zhong)(zhong)還含(han)有(you)鈣、鎂(mei)、銅、鋅、硫、鐵(tie)、錳(meng)、硼、鉬等(deng)中(zhong)(zhong)微量元(yuan)素。在(zai)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian)期(qi)(qi)，要注意補(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)營(ying)養(yang)液，保持小池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)液液面在(zai)1cm左右，當第二次(ci)剪葉(xie)(xie)(xie)結(jie)束還苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)，斷去苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)，改用(yong)(yong)(yong)灑(sa)水(shui)壺噴灑(sa)營(ying)養(yang)液。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)齡70～90天(tian)(tian)，并結(jie)合(he)(he)剪葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、煉苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，達(da)到(dao)根系(xi)發(fa)達(da)，側根數多，個體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)強(qiang)壯(zhuang)，群體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)整(zheng)齊一(yi)致(zhi)，無病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)；真葉(xie)(xie)(xie)7片(pian)(pian)～9片(pian)(pian)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)色濃淡適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，莖桿柔韌繞手指(zhi)不(bu)斷，莖粗0.5cm～0.7cm，莖桿高(gao)度(du)5cm～10cm。 移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)技術(shu)要求(qiu)：推(tui)(tui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)覆蓋栽(zai)培(pei)，移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)前(qian)15～25天(tian)(tian)，先進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)粗整(zheng)畦(qi)，然后(hou)在(zai)壟(long)中(zhong)(zhong)間開(kai)深15cm～20cm，寬(kuan)15cm～20cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條溝，施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)條溝肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)將條溝填平(ping)、壟(long)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)整(zheng)高(gao)，整(zheng)細(xi)、整(zheng)平(ping)壟(long)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表面土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)塊(kuai)(kuai)，使壟(long)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)飽滿(man)，再蓋膜(mo)待(dai)栽(zai)。 每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)煙(yan)(yan)草專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)復混肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)43公斤(jin)、硫酸鉀(jia)10公斤(jin)、硝(xiao)酸鉀(jia)10公斤(jin)、氧(yang)化鎂(mei)10公斤(jin)、充(chong)(chong)分(fen)(fen)腐(fu)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)500公斤(jin)，煙(yan)(yan)草專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)復混肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)全(quan)作(zuo)為基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，硝(xiao)酸鉀(jia)全(quan)作(zuo)為追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，硫酸鉀(jia)一(yi)半為基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)︰追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)＝8︰2。根據土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)、質地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等(deng)確(que)定密度(du)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)較(jiao)好、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚、排灌方(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)塊(kuai)(kuai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)距115cm～120cm，株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)距50cm～55cm，每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)種(zhong)植1050～1100株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)較(jiao)差，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層較(jiao)淺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)塊(kuai)(kuai)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)距110cm～115cm，株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)距45cm～50cm，每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)種(zhong)植1100～1200株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)器定距開(kai)穴(xue)種(zhong)植“膜(mo)上(shang)煙(yan)(yan)”，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)營(ying)養(yang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)作(zuo)穴(xue)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（用(yong)(yong)(yong)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、鈣鎂(mei)磷(lin)、火燒土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、山(shan)表凈(jing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等(deng)提前(qian)10-15天(tian)(tian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)堆漚(ou)，施(shi)氮量約(yue)占(zhan)總施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)5%）進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)，提高(gao)煙(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)成(cheng)(cheng)活率。移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)后(hou)澆足定根水(shui)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)煙(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)盡早返苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。 大(da)田(tian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)技術(shu)要求(qiu)：煙(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)后(hou)要能(neng)夠(gou)早生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)快(kuai)發(fa)，正常(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)田(tian)間長(chang)(chang)相為中(zhong)(zhong)棵煙(yan)(yan)，個體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)健壯(zhuang)，群體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)均衡，營(ying)養(yang)協調，分(fen)(fen)層落(luo)黃(huang)。移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)后(hou)3～5天(tian)(tian)為還苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)(qi)；移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)后(hou)35～45天(tian)(tian)達(da)到(dao)團棵期(qi)(qi)；栽(zai)后(hou)45～55天(tian)(tian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入旺長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)；栽(zai)后(hou)70天(tian)(tian)左右開(kai)始現蕾，80天(tian)(tian)左右煙(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)基本定形，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入成(cheng)(cheng)熟期(qi)(qi)。查苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)補(bu)(bu)缺(que)：移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)后(hou)7天(tian)(tian)內(nei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)查苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)補(bu)(bu)缺(que)，先消除(chu)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)缺(que)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素如(ru)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)或肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)等(deng)，再選(xuan)取老壯(zhuang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)補(bu)(bu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，并對新補(bu)(bu)煙(yan)(yan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)重(zhong)點(dian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，偏施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)快(kuai)速生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，保證煙(yan)(yan)田(tian)植株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)整(zheng)齊一(yi)致(zhi)；掀膜(mo)培(pei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、揭(jie)膜(mo)：當煙(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)處于(yu)(yu)大(da)開(kai)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)至團棵期(qi)(qi)時(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)掀膜(mo)培(pei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，改善根系(xi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤環境，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)煙(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，并于(yu)(yu)4月10日前(qian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)揭(jie)膜(mo)，以降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)壟(long)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤溫度(du)，防(fang)止(zhi)根莖性病(bing)害(hai)(hai)(hai)流行(xing)(xing)(xing)。打(da)頂(ding)與(yu)留葉(xie)(xie)(xie)：肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)中(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)，煙(yan)(yan)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)營(ying)養(yang)正常(chang)，發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)田(tian)，在(zai)10%中(zhong)(zhong)心花(hua)初開(kai)時(shi)結(jie)合(he)(he)小于(yu)(yu)15cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無效葉(xie)(xie)(xie)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)次(ci)性打(da)頂(ding)，確(que)保頂(ding)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)能(neng)夠(gou)正常(chang)開(kai)面，有(you)效葉(xie)(xie)(xie)達(da)18-22片(pian)(pian)。 病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)技術(shu)要求(qiu)：堅持“預(yu)(yu)防(fang)為主，綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則，突出農業防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)措施(shi)，以栽(zai)培(pei)避病(bing)為基礎，加強(qiang)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)預(yu)(yu)測預(yu)(yu)報，建立(li)容(rong)自(zi)然控制、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)調控、物(wu)理(li)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)高(gao)效低(di)(di)(di)毒低(di)(di)(di)殘留農藥配套使用(yong)(yong)(yong)為一(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)草有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)穩定地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)把病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失降(jiang)到(dao)最(zui)低(di)(di)(di)限度(du)，保障優質煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)。 

4、產品處(chu)理。 成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：基(ji)(ji)本(ben)原(yuan)則為(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)早(zao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)，上(shang)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)”。下(xia)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)早(zao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，第(di)一次采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)在打頂(ding)后(hou)5-7天(tian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)行，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)標(biao)準為(wei)(wei)(wei)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面綠色(se)(se)稍(shao)有(you)(you)消退，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)色(se)(se)仍以(yi)(yi)綠為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)；中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)穩采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，在下(xia)二(er)棚(peng)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)停7-10天(tian)左右，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)標(biao)準為(wei)(wei)(wei)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)主(zhu)脈發白(bai)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面基(ji)(ji)本(ben)全黃，僅有(you)(you)少(shao)(shao)(shao)許青色(se)(se)；上(shang)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)標(biao)準為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)支脈全白(bai)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面黃色(se)(se)鮮(xian)明，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)色(se)(se)以(yi)(yi)黃為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。多云、陰天(tian)整天(tian)均可(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)，以(yi)(yi)午后(hou)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)佳。雨天(tian)不(bu)宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)，晴熱干(gan)旱天(tian)氣(qi)宜(yi)早(zao)晨傍晚采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。 綁(bang)煙與裝(zhuang)烤(kao)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：鮮(xian)煙初分(fen)(fen)：煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)，先進(jin)(jin)行鮮(xian)煙分(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)，分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正常成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)、成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)(du)(du)略高、成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)(du)(du)略低、病蟲為(wei)(wei)(wei)害等特殊煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)四類(lei)(lei)。 限(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)綁(bang)竿(gan)：密(mi)集(ji)式烤(kao)房，煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)3片(pian)(pian)一束，1.45m長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙竿(gan)，每(mei)(mei)竿(gan)50束、約150片(pian)(pian)；應(ying)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)蔴繩、棉線(xian)等植物(wu)(wu)纖維作為(wei)(wei)(wei)綁(bang)煙材料(liao)；杜(du)絕(jue)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)橡膠、塑料(liao)等化學(xue)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)材料(liao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于綁(bang)煙。 掛竿(gan)、裝(zhuang)烤(kao)：裝(zhuang)烤(kao)前(qian)(qian)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)統計出總(zong)竿(gan)數，確定每(mei)(mei)層所裝(zhuang)竿(gan)數，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)同層均勻，上(shang)下(xia)疏(shu)密(mi)一致，成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)(du)(du)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)裝(zhuang)中(zhong)層，成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)(du)(du)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)裝(zhuang)上(shang)層，過(guo)熟(shu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)裝(zhuang)下(xia)層，觀察窗周圍要(yao)裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)代表性的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。上(shang)部(bu)(bu)、含(han)水(shui)量少(shao)(shao)(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，氣(qi)候干(gan)旱的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)，應(ying)適(shi)(shi)當裝(zhuang)密(mi)，烘烤(kao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)利(li)(li)于保(bao)濕(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)黃；中(zhong)、下(xia)部(bu)(bu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，含(han)水(shui)分(fen)(fen)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，下(xia)雨天(tian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，應(ying)適(shi)(shi)當裝(zhuang)稀，有(you)(you)利(li)(li)于排濕(shi)(shi)。 調制(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：調制(zhi)設施為(wei)(wei)(wei)密(mi)集(ji)式烤(kao)房。煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)烘烤(kao)原(yuan)則，根據(ju)田間(jian)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)發育狀況，以(yi)(yi)及所采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)鮮(xian)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量特點(dian)及其(qi)在烘烤(kao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化，靈活進(jin)(jin)行各項控制(zhi)操作。按照三段式烘烤(kao)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，變(bian)(bian)黃期(qi)(qi)把握充(chong)分(fen)(fen)變(bian)(bian)黃凋(diao)萎(wei)(wei)，促進(jin)(jin)淀(dian)粉的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉化；定色(se)(se)期(qi)(qi)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)排濕(shi)(shi)定色(se)(se)；干(gan)筋期(qi)(qi)要(yao)避免高溫(wen)烤(kao)紅等問題(ti)。變(bian)(bian)黃凋(diao)萎(wei)(wei)期(qi)(qi)：促進(jin)(jin)內含(han)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)轉化特別是淀(dian)粉、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)及色(se)(se)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)降解(jie)和(he)(he)香(xiang)氣(qi)前(qian)(qian)體物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)。其(qi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)領是“穩住(zhu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)，調整濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)，控制(zhi)燒火(huo)，延長(chang)(chang)(chang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，確保(bao)煙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)變(bian)(bian)黃變(bian)(bian)軟”。干(gan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)定色(se)(se)期(qi)(qi)：促進(jin)(jin)煙筋充(chong)分(fen)(fen)變(bian)(bian)黃和(he)(he)最(zui)佳顏色(se)(se)固定，促進(jin)(jin)香(xiang)氣(qi)聚(ju)合物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)和(he)(he)積(ji)累。其(qi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)領是“加大(da)燒火(huo)，穩住(zhu)濕(shi)(shi)球(qiu)，升高干(gan)球(qiu)”。干(gan)筋期(qi)(qi)：減少(shao)(shao)(shao)香(xiang)氣(qi)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)揮(hui)發，徹(che)底干(gan)燥煙筋。其(qi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)領為(wei)(wei)(wei)“穩住(zhu)火(huo)力(li)，控制(zhi)干(gan)球(qiu)，限(xian)制(zhi)濕(shi)(shi)球(qiu)，減少(shao)(shao)(shao)通(tong)風(feng)，適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)停火(huo)”。 等級判定技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)：嚴格按照國家烤(kao)煙42級標(biao)準（GB2635-1992）。 

5、生產記(ji)錄(lu)要求。 對煙葉(xie)(xie)種植地點，前茬作物，土(tu)壤(rang)質地，種植品種，播種時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，移栽時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，所施用肥料名(ming)稱(cheng)、施肥方(fang)式(shi)、施肥時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)、施肥量(liang)，施用農藥(yao)名(ming)稱(cheng)、施藥(yao)方(fang)式(shi)、施藥(yao)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，煙葉(xie)(xie)采(cai)收(shou)、調制、收(shou)購等項目的(de)日期(qi)、方(fang)式(shi)、數量(liang)等進行詳(xiang)細的(de)記(ji)錄(lu)。