一.產品介紹
沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)森林覆蓋(gai)率53.4%,林木綠化(hua)(hua)率57.3%,境內立體(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)氣候明顯,生(sheng)態(tai)植被(bei)良好,原始(shi)風貌濃郁(yu),自然生(sheng)態(tai)獨特(te),特(te)別是(shi)蘊藏著極(ji)為(wei)豐富的(de)蜜(mi)粉源資源,美譽為(wei)“養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)者的(de)樂園”。全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)共有蜜(mi)粉源植物40余(yu)(yu)科、100余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong),面(mian)(mian)積133830公(gong)頃,其中(zhong)(zhong)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)蜜(mi)源面(mian)(mian)積達26666.7公(gong)頃,以其面(mian)(mian)積大(da)、分布廣、蜜(mi)量(liang)大(da)、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)穩、質(zhi)量(liang)高而聞名(ming)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)著名(ming)的(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)蜜(mi)源地之一(yi)和(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)四(si)大(da)名(ming)蜜(mi)--刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)的(de)主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)地之一(yi)。沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)歷(li)史悠(you)久,據康熙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志記載,2500年(nian)(nian)(nian)前沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)先民就(jiu)開始(shi)散(san)養(yang)(yang)“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”(中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)蜜(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)),“養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)三(san)五窩,不愁吃喝(he)穿”的(de)地方(fang)諺語在(zai)(zai)我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)流傳了(le)(le)(le)數百年(nian)(nian)(nian)。清康熙年(nian)(nian)(nian)間,沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”飼養(yang)(yang)已具(ju)一(yi)定(ding)規模(mo),“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)也(ye)成為(wei)當地一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)要(yao)“雜產(chan)(chan)”,到(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)世紀30年(nian)(nian)(nian)代,沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”飼養(yang)(yang)已達8000余(yu)(yu)窩,成為(wei)當地農(nong)(nong)民支補家(jia)費開支一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)經濟來源。建國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)以后(hou),黨和(he)(he)政(zheng)府為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)加快沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan),于(yu)上(shang)(shang)世紀50年(nian)(nian)(nian)代專門派人到(dao)(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)科院(yuan)學習(xi)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)技術,并(bing)引進西方(fang)蜜(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從此走(zou)上(shang)(shang)現(xian)代科學養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)道(dao)路,特(te)別是(shi)進入新世紀以來,沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)迎來第二個(ge)春天(tian),優(you)(you)質(zhi)化(hua)(hua)、規模(mo)化(hua)(hua)、標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua),成為(wei)發展(zhan)(zhan)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開始(shi)向高端化(hua)(hua)、安(an)全化(hua)(hua)、循環化(hua)(hua)變軌發展(zhan)(zhan)。2011年(nian)(nian)(nian),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)被(bei)列入“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)現(xian)代蜜(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)系示范縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),2012年(nian)(nian)(nian),山西農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)學在(zai)(zai)我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)建立了(le)(le)(le)《特(te)色(se)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研究(jiu)基地》,2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月18日,經中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)學會(hui)七(qi)屆(jie)三(san)次(ci)常(chang)務(wu)理事會(hui)討論通過,與沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府共建“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蜜(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)之鄉”,并(bing)在(zai)(zai)沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)“全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)安(an)全標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)示范蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)場(chang)”。沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)更(geng)以無污(wu)染、無公(gong)害(hai)走(zou)俏國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內外(wai)(wai)市場(chang),在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際上(shang)(shang)久負盛名(ming),遠銷德、日、英、法等國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),是(shi)沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)傳統出口商(shang)品(pin)。為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)進一(yi)步(bu)提升沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)的(de)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)和(he)(he)質(zhi)量(liang),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)成立了(le)(le)(le)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)協(xie)會(hui),建立蜜(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)良種(zhong)(zhong)繁育場(chang),發展(zhan)(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)5個(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)小型蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)加工企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),38個(ge)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)作社(she),注冊了(le)(le)(le)“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)河(he)浪(lang)花”、“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)花”、“歷(li)山”、“金(jin)田(tian)園”、“憨老(lao)農(nong)(nong)”5個(ge)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)商(shang)標(biao),其中(zhong)(zhong)“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)花”牌(pai)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)獲(huo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)有機食品(pin)認證,“憨老(lao)農(nong)(nong)”蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)獲(huo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)綠色(se)食品(pin)認證,“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)河(he)浪(lang)花”、“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)花”2個(ge)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)商(shang)標(biao)獲(huo)山西省著名(ming)商(shang)標(biao)。沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)現(xian)存(cun)欄蜜(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)5.4萬余(yu)(yu)箱,年(nian)(nian)(nian)可(ke)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)蜜(mi)1000余(yu)(yu)噸(dun),外(wai)(wai)地客(ke)商(shang)可(ke)通過沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)協(xie)會(hui)、蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)購銷企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)作社(she)及我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)電子商(shang)務(wu)平臺(tai)集中(zhong)(zhong)購銷,年(nian)(nian)(nian)銷售收入達到(dao)(dao)3000萬元(yuan),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)已成為(wei)沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)最具(ju)特(te)色(se)的(de)優(you)(you)勢農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)和(he)(he)最具(ju)發展(zhan)(zhan)強力(li)的(de)農(nong)(nong)村致富優(you)(you)勢產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
二.自然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史(shi)因素(su)
1、土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌情況:沁(qin)水縣地(di)(di)(di)勢東(dong)南低(di)而西(xi)南高,由(you)東(dong)南--東(dong)北--西(xi)南呈(cheng)扇形展開逐步(bu)增高。境內(nei)山(shan)(shan)戀重疊(die)、溝(gou)壑縱橫(heng),高差懸殊(shu),最西(xi)南高處歷山(shan)(shan)舜王坪海(hai)拔(ba)達2358米(mi)(mi),而西(xi)南最低(di)處嘉峰(feng)鎮(zhen)尉遲村(cun)沁(qin)河出口(kou)海(hai)拔(ba)僅520米(mi)(mi),相(xiang)對高差1838米(mi)(mi)。全縣地(di)(di)(di)貌可分為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)、低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵(ling)區(qu)、河谷(gu)平川區(qu)三種類型,其中(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)占(zhan)(zhan)縣域總面積的(de)40%,多(duo)為(wei)(wei)林地(di)(di)(di)或林間草地(di)(di)(di)。植被條(tiao)件好(hao),自然(ran)土(tu)壤(rang)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)林溶褐土(tu)和山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)褐土(tu)。低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵(ling)區(qu)占(zhan)(zhan)縣域總面積的(de)50%,土(tu)壤(rang)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)褐土(tu),為(wei)(wei)全縣主(zhu)要糧油產地(di)(di)(di)和牧坡(po)草場。河谷(gu)平川區(qu)占(zhan)(zhan)縣域總面積的(de)10%,土(tu)壤(rang)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)沖積土(tu),土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)肥沃,灌溉條(tiao)件好(hao),是本(ben)縣糧油作物高產區(qu)。
2、水(shui)(shui)文情況:沁(qin)水(shui)(shui)縣水(shui)(shui)系(xi)屬黃河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)域,沁(qin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)支流(liu)(liu)。主要有(you)沁(qin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、縣河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、端氏河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、龍渠河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、土沃(wo)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、鄭村(cun)(cun)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、蘇(su)莊河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、必底河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、張村(cun)(cun)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、中(zhong)村(cun)(cun)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)等十大(da)(da)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu),其中(zhong)沁(qin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)是全(quan)縣境內最大(da)(da)的河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu),是山(shan)西省(sheng)第二(er)大(da)(da)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),年流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)6.22億立(li)方米(mi)(mi),平(ping)均(jun)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)16.5立(li)方米(mi)(mi)/秒,是山(shan)西省(sheng)八大(da)(da)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)中(zhong)含沙量(liang)(liang)最少(shao)的河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)。全(quan)縣水(shui)(shui)資源量(liang)(liang)9.8億立(li)方米(mi)(mi),人均(jun)擁(yong)有(you)水(shui)(shui)資源量(liang)(liang)山(shan)西第一(yi)。水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)充沛,無工業(ye)污染(ran),水(shui)(shui)質清澈、純凈,是理想的農業(ye)用水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)資源保持良好(hao)。
3、氣(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況:沁(qin)水(shui)屬溫(wen)暖帶季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu),境內(nei)地(di)形(xing)復(fu)雜,形(xing)成(cheng)各地(di)小氣(qi)(qi)候差異(yi)。主要特點是:冬天風(feng)多(duo)雨少,夏季高(gao)溫(wen)多(duo)雨,西部涼爽,東(dong)部溫(wen)和,年(nian)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)在10.3℃左右,1月(yue)(yue)零下4.8℃,7月(yue)(yue)23℃,年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日照時數2629.9小時,年(nian)積溫(wen)≥14℃,有效積溫(wen)3412.6℃。年(nian)均(jun)(jun)降水(shui)量643.7毫(hao)米(mi),霜凍期為(wei)(wei)10月(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬至次年(nian)4月(yue)(yue),年(nian)均(jun)(jun)無霜期193天,年(nian)均(jun)(jun)濕度(du)65%,風(feng)速2.6m/s;水(shui)資源總量為(wei)(wei)9.8億立(li)方米(mi),人(ren)均(jun)(jun)擁有水(shui)資源是全省人(ren)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)3.7倍(bei)。境內(nei)雨水(shui)適(shi)度(du),日照充足(zu),適(shi)宜(yi)各種動植(zhi)物(wu)特別是蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)源植(zhi)物(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)、繁(fan)衍和泌蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)。多(duo)山地(di)地(di)形(xing),從山谷到山頂,構成(cheng)了同一(yi)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)源植(zhi)物(wu)不同花期早(zao)、中、 晚之分的(de)立(li)體蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)源,蜂(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)純度(du)高(gao)。沁(qin)水(shui)刺槐蜂(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)保護范圍(wei)內(nei)沒有地(di)面大(da)型(xing)工礦污染(ran)企業(ye),為(wei)(wei)沁(qin)水(shui)刺槐蜂(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)生(sheng)產提供了優質空(kong)氣(qi)(qi),使沁(qin)水(shui)刺槐蜂(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)具備了氣(qi)(qi)味(wei)清香,口感甜潤的(de)特質。
4、人文歷史(shi)情況:沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)森林(lin)覆(fu)蓋率53.4%,林(lin)木綠(lv)化(hua)(hua)率57.3%,是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)千年(nian)古(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生物(wu)多樣性保(bao)護(hu)重點(dian)區域、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)色(se)名縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)生態(tai)示范(fan)區、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低碳旅游(you)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)無公(gong)害農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)標志推(tui)廣(guang)與(yu)監管示范(fan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)色(se)環保(bao)百強(qiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。境內立(li)體體氣(qi)候明顯(xian),生態(tai)植被良(liang)好,原始風(feng)貌濃郁(yu),自(zi)然(ran)生態(tai)獨特(te),特(te)別是(shi)蘊藏著極為(wei)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粉源資源,美(mei)譽為(wei)“養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)者的(de)(de)樂園”。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)共有蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粉源植物(wu)40余科、100余種(zhong)(zhong),面積(ji)200余萬畝,以(yi)(yi)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)(huai)、刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)(huai)、狼牙刺(ci)(ci)三(san)大(da)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)源為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。特(te)別是(shi)沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)(huai)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)資源以(yi)(yi)其面積(ji)大(da)、分布廣(guang)、蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)量(liang)大(da)、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)穩、質(zhi)量(liang)高而聞名全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)四大(da)名蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)--刺(ci)(ci)槐(huai)(huai)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)地(di)之一(yi)。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)現(xian)存(cun)欄蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)群54903箱,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)存(cun)欄中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)10298箱,有養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)戶1200余戶。是(shi)山(shan)(shan)西省第一(yi)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)大(da)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),2015年(nian)3月18日,經中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)學(xue)會(hui)(hui)(hui)七屆三(san)次(ci)常(chang)(chang)務(wu)理事(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)討論通(tong)過(guo),與(yu)沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府共建(jian)(jian)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)之鄉”。沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)歷史(shi)悠久,據康(kang)熙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志記載(zai),2500年(nian)前沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)先民就開始散養(yang)(yang)“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”(中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)),“養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)三(san)五窩,不愁吃喝穿(chuan)”的(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)諺語在我(wo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)流傳了數(shu)百年(nian)。清康(kang)熙年(nian)間,沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”飼(si)養(yang)(yang)已具一(yi)定規(gui)模,“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)也(ye)成(cheng)為(wei)當地(di)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)重要“雜(za)產(chan)(chan)”,到上世紀30年(nian)代,沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)“土蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”飼(si)養(yang)(yang)已達8000余窩,成(cheng)為(wei)當地(di)農民支(zhi)補家(jia)費開支(zhi)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)重要的(de)(de)經濟來(lai)源。建(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)以(yi)(yi)后,黨和政(zheng)府為(wei)了加快沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業發(fa)展(zhan),于(yu)上世紀50年(nian)代專門派人到中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農科院學(xue)習(xi)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)技術,并引進西方(fang)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業從此走上現(xian)代科學(xue)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)道(dao)路,特(te)別是(shi)進入新(xin)世紀以(yi)(yi)來(lai),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業發(fa)展(zhan)迎來(lai)第二個春天,優質(zhi)化(hua)(hua)、規(gui)模化(hua)(hua)、標準化(hua)(hua),成(cheng)為(wei)發(fa)展(zhan)主(zhu)(zhu)體,沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)業開始向高端(duan)化(hua)(hua)、安(an)全(quan)化(hua)(hua)、循環化(hua)(hua)變(bian)軌發(fa)展(zhan)。2011年(nian),沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)被列入“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)現(xian)代蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)業體系示范(fan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),2012年(nian),山(shan)(shan)西農業大(da)學(xue)在我(wo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)建(jian)(jian)立(li)了《特(te)色(se)產(chan)(chan)業研究基地(di)》,2015年(nian)3月18日,經中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)養(yang)(yang)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)學(xue)會(hui)(hui)(hui)七屆三(san)次(ci)常(chang)(chang)務(wu)理事(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)討論通(tong)過(guo),與(yu)沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府共建(jian)(jian)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)之鄉”,并在沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)“全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)安(an)全(quan)標準化(hua)(hua)生產(chan)(chan)示范(fan)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)場”。沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)更以(yi)(yi)無污(wu)染(ran)、無公(gong)害走俏(qiao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內外市場,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)花”牌蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)獲(huo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)有機食品(pin)認(ren)證”,“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)花”“沁(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)河浪花”、蜂(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)商標獲(huo)“山(shan)(shan)西省著名商標”。
三.地域范圍
根據《農產品地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志登記管理(li)辦法》的規(gui)定以及(ji)沁(qin)水刺(ci)槐蜂蜜特定的自(zi)然生態環境(jing)條件,經(jing)沁(qin)水縣畜牧獸醫局研究決定,并廣泛征求(qiu)有關(guan)方面的意(yi)見,劃定沁(qin)水刺(ci)槐蜂蜜地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志地域(yu)保護(hu)范圍為:山西(xi)省晉城(cheng)市(shi)沁(qin)水縣全縣14個鄉鎮,251個行政村(社(she)區),地理(li)坐標(biao)(biao)為北(bei)緯35°24′—36°04′,東經(jing) 111°55′--112°47′之間。保護(hu)面積267660公頃,年生產總量1000噸。
四.產(chan)品品質(zhi)特性特征
1、產品各項(xiang)(xiang)理(li)化指(zhi)標及質量(liang)指(zhi)標等必須符(fu)合中華人民共(gong)和國《GB4963-2011蜂蜜(mi)》各項(xiang)(xiang)規定。
2、安全要求:沁水(shui)刺槐(huai)蜜(mi)(mi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)外觀(guan)特征、理化指(zhi)標、微生物(wu)(wu)指(zhi)標、藥物(wu)(wu)及重金屬殘留指(zhi)標必須符(fu)合(he)GB14963-3-2011蜂蜜(mi)(mi)標準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)(gui)定、飲用水(shui)符(fu)合(he)《NY5027-2001無公(gong)(gong)害食品(pin)畜禽飲用水(shui)水(shui)質》標準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)(gui)定,生產(chan)(chan)過程管理、生產(chan)(chan)技術(shu)(shu)要求、蜂藥使用、蜂蜜(mi)(mi)加工(gong)儲藏運輸等管理應符(fu)合(he)《GBT21528-2008蜜(mi)(mi)蜂產(chan)(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)管理規(gui)(gui)范》、《NY5138-2002無公(gong)(gong)害食品(pin)蜜(mi)(mi)蜂飼養(yang)獸藥使用準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)則》、《NYT1241-2006蜂產(chan)(chan)品(pin)加工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)管理規(gui)(gui)范》、《NYT639-2002蜂蜜(mi)(mi)生產(chan)(chan)技術(shu)(shu)規(gui)(gui)范》、《NYT5139-2002無公(gong)(gong)害食品(pin)蜜(mi)(mi)蜂飼養(yang)管理準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)則》及農業部有關規(gui)(gui)定。
五.特定生產方式
1、產地選擇及(ji)特(te)定(ding)要求(qiu):生產場(chang)址應(ying)位(wei)于本規(gui)(gui)定(ding)第(di)1條“地域(yu)范圍(wei)(wei)”規(gui)(gui)定(ding)區域(yu)范圍(wei)(wei)內,海拔520m至1200m, 土(tu)壤類型為林溶褐(he)(he)土(tu)和山(shan)地褐(he)(he)土(tu),刺槐同花期的(de)其它(ta)蜜源植物(wu)不超過15%,選擇地勢高(gao)燥、背風向(xiang)陽、排水(shui)良好、環境幽靜、小氣候適宜、交通便(bian)利、水(shui)電供應(ying)穩定(ding)的(de)場(chang)所,場(chang)地附近3 千米(mi)范圍(wei)(wei)內無蜂(feng)蜜加工(gong)廠、以蜜糖為生產原料的(de)食品廠、化工(gong)廠、農(nong)藥廠及(ji)經常噴灑農(nong)藥的(de)菜地、果園(yuan),嚴防農(nong)藥、工(gong)業三廢或其他有害物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)污染蜜粉源,周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)空氣質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量符合(he)GB3095中空氣質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量功能(neng)區二類區的(de)要求(qiu),水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)符合(he)NY 5027-2008無公害食品 畜禽飲(yin)用水(shui)水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)。
2、品(pin)種選擇及特定(ding)要(yao)求:蜜(mi)(mi)源植(zhi)物品(pin)種為(wei):刺槐花(又名洋槐花)蜜(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)品(pin)種為(wei)意大利(li)蜂(feng)(feng)、喀(ka)爾巴阡蜂(feng)(feng)、東北黑蜂(feng)(feng)、喀(ka)尼(ni)阿蘭蜂(feng)(feng)等西方(fang)蜜(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)品(pin)種及其雜交蜂(feng)(feng)種。采(cai)蜜(mi)(mi)時(shi)間(jian):刺槐蜂(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)采(cai)集時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)每(mei)年5月8日至5月23日。
3、生產技術過程管理:
①人員(yuan)要(yao)求:蜂產品生(sheng)產人員(yuan)必須(xu)身體健康,符(fu)合(he)國家食品生(sheng)產人員(yuan)健康求,傳染病患者不得從(cong)事蜂產品生(sheng)產。
②蜂群(qun)要(yao)求:選(xuan)用(yong)符合生(sheng)產需要(yao)的優良(liang)高產蜂種和(he)健康蜂群(qun),大流(liu)蜜(mi)期前(qian)必須(xu)調整蜂群(qun),組(zu)織強群(qun)采蜜(mi),采蜜(mi)期生(sheng)產群(qun)群(qun)勢(shi)必須(xu)達到14框以上。患病(bing)蜂群(qun)不得用(yong)于(yu)生(sheng)產。
③藥(yao)(yao)物使用(yong):使用(yong)國家允(yun)許的無污(wu)染的高(gao)效低毒蜂(feng)藥(yao)(yao)防治蜜(mi)蜂(feng)病蟲害(hai),嚴(yan)格(ge)遵循休(xiu)藥(yao)(yao)期的管理和嚴(yan)格(ge)執行休(xiu)藥(yao)(yao)期,生產期間不得使用(yong)任何違禁藥(yao)(yao)物。
④取蜜操作:
a.生產商品蜜前,必(bi)須(xu)將(jiang)底(di)蜜(飼料蜜)清理干凈。
b.取蜜(mi)一般(ban)應(ying)在上午(wu)進(jin)行,低溫季(ji)節,取蜜(mi)時間應(ying)安排(pai)在中午(wu)溫較高的(de)時間進(jin)行。
c.取(qu)蜜(mi)時,只允許用(yong)吹風、煙霧或手工驅(qu)(qu)趕(gan)蜜(mi)蜂的方法,嚴禁(jin)用(yong)化學藥品驅(qu)(qu)蜂。
d.生(sheng)產成熟蜂,每(mei)次取蜜的間隔時間至少5-7天(tian)或自然封蓋90%以上(shang),確保生(sheng)產天(tian)然成熟蜜。
e.在取天然(ran)成(cheng)熟蜂(feng)蜜時,應用雙層(ceng)白(bai)紗布(bu)將天然(ran)成(cheng)熟蜂(feng)蜜一(yi)次(ci)過濾干(gan)凈后,再裝入容器(qi)。
f.取蜜工具(ju)、儲蜜容(rong)器無(wu)毒無(wu)副作用(yong),工具(ju)、容(rong)器要消(xiao)毒清洗后再使(shi)用(yong)。
g.不(bu)得將未成熟蜜(mi)在陽光(guang)下曝(pu)曬、風(feng)干,以提高(gao)濃度;不(bu)得將人工加溫濃縮蜜(mi)加入未成熟蜜(mi)中,以提高(gao)濃度,冒充天然成熟蜂蜜(mi)。
h.單一花種蜂蜜要分別存放,使用符(fu)合食品衛(wei)生要求的裝蜜容。
i.要做(zuo)好蜂(feng)蜜(mi)生產過程記(ji)錄,生產過程記(ji)錄應(ying)至(zhi)少保存2年以上。
4、產(chan)品收獲及(ji)產(chan)后處理:
①解(jie)晶:溶晶水溫溫度(du)控(kong)制在40-50度(du),蜂蜜(mi)溫度(du)始終控(kong)制在38-43℃,溶晶時間不超過4小時。
②過濾:初濾用(yong)60-80目(mu)濾網(wang)進行粗濾,二次過濾用(yong)90-120目(mu)濾網(wang)中(zhong)濾,三次過濾用(yong)200目(mu)濾網(wang)進行精濾。
③濃縮(suo):標注(zhu)為(wei)天然成熟蜜的(de)蜂(feng)蜜不得使用(yong)機械濃縮(suo)脫(tuo)水工藝,蜂(feng)蜜自然水分含量(liang)≤20%。其他(ta)普通蜂(feng)蜜采(cai)用(yong)機械真(zhen)空方法濃縮(suo),真(zhen)空度保(bao)持0.09MPa,濃縮(suo)后蜂(feng)蜜水分含量(liang)≤20%。
5、生產記錄要求:
①記(ji)錄放蜂地點,蜜(mi)源種類、流蜜(mi)、環(huan)境和(he)氣(qi)候(hou)情況;
②記(ji)錄養蜂生產操作情況,如:搖蜜、蜂具更換等;
③記(ji)錄蜂(feng)群健(jian)康情況,如蜂(feng)群發生(sheng)病害時(shi),應記(ji)錄蜂(feng)病名稱或現象描(miao)述、發病時(shi)間(jian)、使用藥(yao)(yao)物名稱和(he)劑(ji)量、用藥(yao)(yao)方式和(he)時(shi)間(jian)等;
④記錄蜂具(ju)消(xiao)毒情況(kuang),如(ru)消(xiao)毒藥物(wu)名稱和劑量、消(xiao)毒方式和時(shi)間; ⑤記錄蜂產(chan)品銷售(shou)情況(kuang):如(ru)銷售(shou)時(shi)間、品種、數(shu)量、對象