芒果视频下载

平(ping)利絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)，葫(hu)蘆(lu)科絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)屬(shu)植物。中(zhong)藥材品(pin)種，陜西省平(ping)利縣(xian)特(te)產(chan)(chan)，中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)家(jia)地理標志產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。平(ping)利是絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)的(de)自然分布分化中(zhong)心，有“絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)故鄉”之(zhi)稱(cheng)，獨特(te)的(de)區(qu)域小(xiao)生態環(huan)境十分適宜絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)的(de)生長發育，是中(zhong)國(guo)開發最早、規模最大的(de)絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)人工(gong)栽培基地縣(xian)、國(guo)家(jia)絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)標準化示范區(qu)。平(ping)利縣(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)股藍(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)以純天然、無(wu)公害和(he)富含(han)微量元素走俏日本(ben)、北京、廣州等(deng)市場(chang)。

種植條件

絞股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)被(bei)醫(yi)學界(jie)譽(yu)為東方神草(cao)、人間(jian)福(fu)音(yin)草(cao)，但(dan)其對土壤、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)等條件要(yao)求較高，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)除福(fu)建、湖(hu)北、云南、四川等省有少量(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)外，地處(chu)北亞(ya)熱帶濕(shi)潤(run)季風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)區(qu)的平利縣，由于(yu)(yu)雨量(liang)充沛，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫和(he)，日照(zhao)充足，無霜期時間(jian)長，土壤有害物質含(han)量(liang)低，成為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)內生(sheng)態型藥用植(zhi)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)示范(fan)基地的最(zui)佳區(qu)域(yu)。據統計(ji)，2007年，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)內絞股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)人工種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積約7萬(wan)畝，陜西省只有安(an)康市發展(zhan)絞股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)產業，全市種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積2．8萬(wan)畝，平利占了2萬(wan)畝，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積和(he)原料產量(liang)占全中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的35%以上，苦味絞股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)屬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)獨有品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，選(xuan)育的絞股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有效物質含(han)量(liang)比其他品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)區(qu)域(yu)高5個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)，處(chu)于(yu)(yu)國(guo)際領(ling)先(xian)水平。平利縣是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)絞股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)的自(zi)然分(fen)(fen)布分(fen)(fen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，在世界(jie)上已發現(xian)的16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)絞股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)屬植(zhi)物中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，該縣就(jiu)占了7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其皂甙(dai)含(han)量(liang)高達(da)12.2%，理(li)化(hua)指標(biao)位(wei)居榜(bang)首。

生產情況

安(an)康自(zi)古以來就盛(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)，歷史上(shang)被稱為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)之(zhi)鄉”。《唐書·地(di)(di)理志》就有金(jin)州杜(du)仲(zhong)、秦(qin)艽、黃柏(bo)等(deng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)作(zuo)為(wei)“貢品(pin)(pin)”的(de)(de)(de)記載。鎮坪的(de)(de)(de)黃連(lian)(lian)、紫陽的(de)(de)(de)厚樸(pu)、嵐(lan)皋的(de)(de)(de)杜(du)仲(zhong)、平(ping)(ping)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)八(ba)仙黨參等(deng)地(di)(di)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)聞名遐邇。200多(duo)年前(qian)這里就是“山中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)農過半，藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)商絡繹不絕(jue)”。據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)資(zi)(zi)源普(pu)查，全(quan)市(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種(zhong)(zhong)類1299種(zhong)(zhong)，總數占全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)53%以上(shang)。屬于2000年版《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》收載的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)290種(zhong)(zhong)，占《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)總數的(de)(de)(de)68.4%。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍、葛根、黃姜、黃連(lian)(lian)、當歸、杜(du)仲(zhong)、淫羊藿(huo)、葉(xie)下(xia)珠(zhu)、黃柏(bo)、厚樸(pu)、麝香、蜈(wu)蚣、熊膽、桔梗、秦(qin)巴硒菇、玄參、獨活、云木香、川牛膝、豬(zhu)苓、魔芋（藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)食兩(liang)用）等(deng)產(chan)量(liang)居全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)首位。自(zi)20世紀70年代(dai)初開始，平(ping)(ping)利(li)縣(xian)(xian)著(zhu)手絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍系(xi)(xi)統研究開發(fa)工(gong)作(zuo)，先后(hou)攻克了野生(sheng)馴化、無(wu)(wu)性快速繁(fan)殖、病蟲害防治和(he)(he)科(ke)學采收等(deng)一系(xi)(xi)列(lie)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)栽培難題(ti)，研制出(chu)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍茶、飲料(liao)(liao)、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin)等(deng)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，隨(sui)著(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)加(jia)(jia)入WTO，為(wei)讓(rang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍打入國(guo)(guo)際市(shi)場，平(ping)(ping)利(li)縣(xian)(xian)加(jia)(jia)快了建設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍第一縣(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)步(bu)伐(fa)，成(cheng)(cheng)立了由縣(xian)(xian)長掛帥的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)導小(xiao)組(zu)，采取(qu)公(gong)(gong)司+基地(di)(di)+農戶的(de)(de)(de)模式，吸引安(an)康正大和(he)(he)北(bei)醫大制藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有限公(gong)(gong)司投資(zi)(zi)500余萬(wan)元(yuan)，在(zai)城關、長安(an)兩(liang)鎮建設(she)GAP藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)源基地(di)(di)，扶持組(zu)建了農盛(sheng)、五和(he)(he)、國(guo)(guo)彩(cai)等(deng)3個絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍龍頭(tou)(tou)企業(ye)和(he)(he)25個加(jia)(jia)工(gong)企業(ye)，實行訂單(dan)生(sheng)產(chan)，建成(cheng)(cheng)2萬(wan)畝國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化示(shi)范基地(di)(di)。同時，建立完善了技(ji)術研究、技(ji)術推廣和(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化監測三大體系(xi)(xi)，成(cheng)(cheng)立了技(ji)術研究課題(ti)組(zu)，形成(cheng)(cheng)了以縣(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心為(wei)龍頭(tou)(tou)，縣(xian)(xian)、鎮、村三級為(wei)紐帶的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術推廣網絡，培育出(chu)11個新品(pin)(pin)系(xi)(xi)，起草的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)害絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍系(xi)(xi)列(lie)7項標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)被發(fa)布為(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級地(di)(di)方(fang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，填補了陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)執(zhi)行標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)空白，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)第一項絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級地(di)(di)方(fang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。此外(wai)，他們實行政(zheng)策傾斜，累計(ji)投入700多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)扶持絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍發(fa)展，召開現場會、培訓會200余場次，培訓技(ji)術骨干、示(shi)范大戶10000多(duo)人(ren)(ren)次，印(yin)發(fa)技(ji)術資(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)20000余份(fen)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化種(zhong)(zhong)植普(pu)及率達(da)95%以上(shang)，創造出(chu)畝產(chan)鮮草5000公(gong)(gong)斤的(de)(de)(de)奇跡(ji)。2005年6月，“國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)專利(li)產(chan)業(ye)化工(gong)程(cheng)”試點基地(di)(di)項目在(zai)陜西(xi)平(ping)(ping)利(li)正式啟(qi)動，平(ping)(ping)利(li)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍產(chan)業(ye)基地(di)(di)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)十大基地(di)(di)之(zhi)一，該縣(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍連(lian)(lian)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)三項殊(shu)榮(rong)：絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化示(shi)范區通過國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)驗(yan)收；有機絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍茶獲(huo)(huo)(huo)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)認證(zheng)；絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)原產(chan)地(di)(di)域保護產(chan)品(pin)(pin)。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍產(chan)品(pin)(pin)以純天然、無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)害和(he)(he)富含微量(liang)元(yuan)素走俏日本、北(bei)京、廣州等(deng)市(shi)場，年銷(xiao)售量(liang)達(da)500噸，實現產(chan)值4000余萬(wan)元(yuan)，僅此一項可為(wei)農民年人(ren)(ren)均(jun)增(zeng)收170元(yuan)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)促農增(zeng)收的(de)(de)(de)新亮(liang)點，先后(hou)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)曼(man)谷(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)優(you)質(zhi)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)及科(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)設(she)備展覽會銀獎(jiang)、陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)第三屆技(ji)術成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)交易洽談會金(jin)獎(jiang)、首屆中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)楊(yang)陵農科(ke)城技(ji)術成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)博覽會金(jin)像獎(jiang)。