芒果视频下载

平利絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)，葫(hu)蘆(lu)科(ke)絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)屬(shu)植(zhi)物。中(zhong)藥材品(pin)種，陜西省平利縣特(te)產(chan)，中(zhong)國國家地理標志產(chan)品(pin)。平利是(shi)絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)的(de)自(zi)然(ran)分(fen)布分(fen)化中(zhong)心(xin)，有“絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)故鄉”之稱，獨特(te)的(de)區(qu)域小生態環境十分(fen)適宜絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)的(de)生長發(fa)育，是(shi)中(zhong)國開發(fa)最(zui)早、規模最(zui)大的(de)絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)人工栽(zai)培基地縣、國家絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)標準化示(shi)范區(qu)。平利縣絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)產(chan)品(pin)以純天然(ran)、無公害和富含微量元素走俏(qiao)日(ri)本、北(bei)京(jing)、廣州等(deng)市(shi)場。

種植條件

絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)被醫學(xue)界(jie)譽為(wei)東方神(shen)草(cao)、人間(jian)福音草(cao)，但其對土(tu)壤、氣候(hou)等條件要求較高，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)除福建、湖北(bei)、云南、四川等省(sheng)有(you)少量種(zhong)植外(wai)，地處北(bei)亞熱(re)帶濕潤季風氣候(hou)區的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)利縣，由(you)于(yu)雨量充(chong)沛，氣候(hou)溫和，日照充(chong)足，無霜(shuang)期時間(jian)長(chang)，土(tu)壤有(you)害物質(zhi)含量低，成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)內生態型藥用植物種(zhong)植示范基地的(de)(de)最佳區域。據統計，2007年(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)內絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)人工種(zhong)植面積約7萬畝(mu)，陜西省(sheng)只有(you)安(an)康市發(fa)展絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)產(chan)業，全(quan)市種(zhong)植面積2．8萬畝(mu)，平(ping)(ping)利占了2萬畝(mu)，種(zhong)植面積和原料(liao)產(chan)量占全(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)35%以上，苦味絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)屬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)獨有(you)品種(zhong)，選育的(de)(de)絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)良種(zhong)有(you)效物質(zhi)含量比其他品種(zhong)和區域高5個百分(fen)點，處于(yu)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)領先水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)利縣是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)自然分(fen)布分(fen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，在世界(jie)上已發(fa)現的(de)(de)16種(zhong)絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)屬植物中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，該(gai)縣就占了7種(zhong)，其皂甙含量高達12.2%，理化(hua)指標(biao)位居榜首。

生產情況

安(an)康自古以(yi)來就(jiu)盛產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材，歷史上(shang)被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材之鄉(xiang)”。《唐(tang)書·地(di)(di)(di)理志》就(jiu)有金(jin)(jin)州(zhou)杜(du)仲(zhong)、秦艽、黃(huang)柏等(deng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“貢品(pin)(pin)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載。鎮坪的(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)連(lian)(lian)、紫陽(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)厚樸、嵐皋的(de)(de)(de)(de)杜(du)仲(zhong)、平(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)八仙黨參等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)聞名遐邇。200多年(nian)前這里就(jiu)是“山中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)農過(guo)半，藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)商絡繹(yi)不絕(jue)”。據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)資源(yuan)普查，全(quan)市中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種(zhong)(zhong)類1299種(zhong)(zhong)，總數占全(quan)省(sheng)53%以(yi)上(shang)。屬于2000年(nian)版(ban)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》收(shou)載的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材290種(zhong)(zhong)，占《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)總數的(de)(de)(de)(de)68.4%。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)、葛根(gen)、黃(huang)姜(jiang)、黃(huang)連(lian)(lian)、當(dang)歸、杜(du)仲(zhong)、淫羊藿、葉下(xia)珠、黃(huang)柏、厚樸、麝香、蜈(wu)蚣、熊膽(dan)、桔梗、秦巴硒菇、玄參、獨活、云木香、川牛膝、豬苓、魔芋（藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)食兩用）等(deng)產(chan)(chan)量居全(quan)省(sheng)首位。自20世紀70年(nian)代初開始，平(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)著手絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究開發(fa)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，先后攻克了(le)(le)野生(sheng)馴化、無性(xing)快速繁(fan)殖、病蟲(chong)害防治和(he)科(ke)學采收(shou)等(deng)一系(xi)(xi)列(lie)人工(gong)(gong)栽培難題(ti)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)制出絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)茶、飲料(liao)、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin)等(deng)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，隨著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)加入(ru)WTO，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)讓(rang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)打(da)入(ru)國(guo)際市場，平(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)加快了(le)(le)建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)第一縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)步伐，成(cheng)立(li)了(le)(le)由(you)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)長掛帥的(de)(de)(de)(de)領導小組，采取公(gong)(gong)司(si)+基地(di)(di)(di)+農戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)模式，吸引安(an)康正(zheng)大(da)和(he)北醫大(da)制藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有限公(gong)(gong)司(si)投資500余(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)，在城關(guan)、長安(an)兩鎮建(jian)設GAP藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)源(yuan)基地(di)(di)(di)，扶(fu)持(chi)組建(jian)了(le)(le)農盛、五和(he)、國(guo)彩等(deng)3個絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)龍頭(tou)企業(ye)和(he)25個加工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)，實(shi)行(xing)訂單生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，建(jian)成(cheng)2萬(wan)畝(mu)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)標(biao)準(zhun)化示(shi)范(fan)(fan)基地(di)(di)(di)。同時，建(jian)立(li)完(wan)善了(le)(le)技術(shu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究、技術(shu)推廣和(he)標(biao)準(zhun)化監測三大(da)體系(xi)(xi)，成(cheng)立(li)了(le)(le)技術(shu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究課題(ti)組，形成(cheng)了(le)(le)以(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)龍頭(tou)，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鎮、村三級為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紐帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)推廣網絡，培育出11個新品(pin)(pin)系(xi)(xi)，起草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無公(gong)(gong)害絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)7項(xiang)標(biao)準(zhun)被(bei)發(fa)布(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)省(sheng)級地(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)準(zhun)，填補了(le)(le)陜(shan)西省(sheng)執行(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空白(bai)，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)發(fa)布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一項(xiang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)省(sheng)級地(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)準(zhun)。此(ci)外，他們實(shi)行(xing)政(zheng)策傾斜，累計投入(ru)700多萬(wan)元(yuan)扶(fu)持(chi)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)發(fa)展，召(zhao)開現場會(hui)、培訓會(hui)200余(yu)場次，培訓技術(shu)骨干、示(shi)范(fan)(fan)大(da)戶(hu)10000多人次，印發(fa)技術(shu)資料(liao)20000余(yu)份(fen)，標(biao)準(zhun)化種(zhong)(zhong)植普及(ji)率達95%以(yi)上(shang)，創造出畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)鮮草(cao)5000公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)奇跡。2005年(nian)6月，“國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)專利(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)化工(gong)(gong)程”試點基地(di)(di)(di)項(xiang)目(mu)在陜(shan)西平(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)正(zheng)式啟動，平(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)基地(di)(di)(di)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)十(shi)大(da)基地(di)(di)(di)之一，該縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)連(lian)(lian)獲三項(xiang)殊榮(rong)：絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)標(biao)準(zhun)化示(shi)范(fan)(fan)區通過(guo)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)驗收(shou)；有機絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)茶獲國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)認證(zheng)；絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)原產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)保護產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)以(yi)純(chun)天(tian)然、無公(gong)(gong)害和(he)富含微量元(yuan)素走俏(qiao)日本、北京、廣州(zhou)等(deng)市場，年(nian)銷售量達500噸(dun)，實(shi)現產(chan)(chan)值4000余(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)，僅(jin)此(ci)一項(xiang)可為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)農民年(nian)人均增(zeng)收(shou)170元(yuan)，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)促農增(zeng)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新亮(liang)點，先后獲得曼谷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)優質農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)及(ji)科(ke)技成(cheng)果(guo)設備展覽(lan)會(hui)銀獎、陜(shan)西省(sheng)第三屆(jie)技術(shu)成(cheng)果(guo)交易洽談會(hui)金(jin)(jin)獎、首屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)楊陵農科(ke)城技術(shu)成(cheng)果(guo)博覽(lan)會(hui)金(jin)(jin)像獎。