芒果视频下载

平(ping)(ping)利絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)，葫蘆(lu)科絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)屬植物(wu)。中藥(yao)材品種，陜西(xi)省(sheng)平(ping)(ping)利縣(xian)特產(chan)，中國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家地理標(biao)志產(chan)品。平(ping)(ping)利是絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)的自然(ran)分(fen)布(bu)分(fen)化中心(xin)，有“絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)故鄉(xiang)”之稱(cheng)，獨特的區域小(xiao)生(sheng)態環境十分(fen)適宜(yi)絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)的生(sheng)長發育，是中國(guo)(guo)開發最早(zao)、規模最大的絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)人(ren)工栽(zai)培基地縣(xian)、國(guo)(guo)家絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)標(biao)準(zhun)化示范區。平(ping)(ping)利縣(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)產(chan)品以純天然(ran)、無(wu)公害和富含微量元素(su)走(zou)俏日本、北(bei)京、廣州等(deng)市場(chang)。

種植條件

絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)被醫(yi)學界譽為(wei)東方神草、人間福音草，但其對土(tu)壤、氣候等條件要求(qiu)較高，中(zhong)國除(chu)福建、湖北(bei)、云南、四川等省有少量(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)植外，地(di)處北(bei)亞熱帶濕潤季風氣候區的(de)平(ping)利縣，由于(yu)雨量(liang)充沛，氣候溫和，日(ri)照充足，無霜期時間長，土(tu)壤有害物質(zhi)含量(liang)低，成為(wei)中(zhong)國國內(nei)生態(tai)型藥用植物種(zhong)(zhong)植示范(fan)基地(di)的(de)最佳區域。據統(tong)計，2007年(nian)，中(zhong)國國內(nei)絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)人工種(zhong)(zhong)植面積(ji)約7萬畝，陜西(xi)省只有安康(kang)市發(fa)展絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)產業，全市種(zhong)(zhong)植面積(ji)2．8萬畝，平(ping)利占(zhan)了2萬畝，種(zhong)(zhong)植面積(ji)和原(yuan)料產量(liang)占(zhan)全中(zhong)國的(de)35%以上，苦(ku)味絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)屬中(zhong)國獨有品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，選育的(de)絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)良種(zhong)(zhong)有效(xiao)物質(zhi)含量(liang)比其他品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)和區域高5個百(bai)分點，處于(yu)國際領先(xian)水(shui)平(ping)。平(ping)利縣是中(zhong)國絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)自然分布(bu)分化(hua)中(zhong)心，在世界上已(yi)發(fa)現的(de)16種(zhong)(zhong)絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)屬植物中(zhong)，該(gai)縣就(jiu)占(zhan)了7種(zhong)(zhong)，其皂甙含量(liang)高達12.2%，理化(hua)指標(biao)位居榜首。

生產情況

安(an)康自(zi)古以(yi)來(lai)就盛(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)，歷(li)史(shi)上被稱為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”。《唐(tang)書·地(di)(di)(di)理志》就有金(jin)州杜仲、秦艽(jiao)、黃柏等(deng)(deng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)“貢(gong)品”的(de)記載(zai)。鎮(zhen)坪的(de)黃連、紫陽的(de)厚樸、嵐皋的(de)杜仲、平(ping)利的(de)八仙黨參等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)聞(wen)名遐邇。200多(duo)年前(qian)這里(li)就是“山中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)農(nong)過半，藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)商絡繹不絕”。據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)資源普(pu)查，全(quan)市(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種(zhong)類1299種(zhong)，總(zong)數(shu)占全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)53%以(yi)上。屬于2000年版(ban)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》收(shou)載(zai)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)290種(zhong)，占《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)總(zong)數(shu)的(de)68.4%。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、葛根、黃姜、黃連、當歸(gui)、杜仲、淫羊藿、葉下珠、黃柏、厚樸、麝香、蜈蚣、熊膽、桔梗(geng)、秦巴硒(xi)菇、玄參、獨活、云木香、川(chuan)牛(niu)膝、豬苓(ling)、魔芋（藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)食兩用(yong)）等(deng)(deng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量居全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)首位。自(zi)20世(shi)紀(ji)70年代初開始，平(ping)利縣(xian)(xian)(xian)著手(shou)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)系(xi)(xi)統研(yan)究(jiu)開發工作(zuo)，先后攻克了(le)(le)(le)野生馴化(hua)(hua)、無(wu)性快速(su)繁殖、病蟲害(hai)防(fang)治和科學采收(shou)等(deng)(deng)一(yi)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)人(ren)工栽培(pei)難題(ti)，研(yan)制出絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)茶、飲料、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品等(deng)(deng)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品，隨著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)加入(ru)WTO，為(wei)(wei)讓絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)打入(ru)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場，平(ping)利縣(xian)(xian)(xian)加快了(le)(le)(le)建(jian)(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)第(di)一(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)步伐，成(cheng)立了(le)(le)(le)由縣(xian)(xian)(xian)長掛帥(shuai)的(de)領導(dao)小組(zu)，采取公(gong)司+基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)+農(nong)戶的(de)模式(shi)，吸(xi)引安(an)康正大和北醫(yi)大制藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有限公(gong)司投(tou)資500余(yu)萬(wan)元，在城關、長安(an)兩鎮(zhen)建(jian)(jian)設(she)GAP藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)源基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)，扶(fu)持組(zu)建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)盛(sheng)、五和、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)彩等(deng)(deng)3個絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)龍頭(tou)企(qi)業和25個加工企(qi)業，實行(xing)(xing)訂單生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)2萬(wan)畝國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)示(shi)范基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)。同(tong)時，建(jian)(jian)立完善了(le)(le)(le)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)究(jiu)、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)推廣(guang)和標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)監測三(san)(san)大體系(xi)(xi)，成(cheng)立了(le)(le)(le)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)究(jiu)課題(ti)組(zu)，形成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)以(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心為(wei)(wei)龍頭(tou)，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、鎮(zhen)、村(cun)三(san)(san)級為(wei)(wei)紐(niu)帶的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)推廣(guang)網絡，培(pei)育出11個新品系(xi)(xi)，起草的(de)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)7項(xiang)(xiang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)被發布為(wei)(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)級地(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，填補了(le)(le)(le)陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)執行(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)空白，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)發布的(de)第(di)一(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)省(sheng)(sheng)級地(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。此(ci)外，他們實行(xing)(xing)政策傾斜，累計投(tou)入(ru)700多(duo)萬(wan)元扶(fu)持絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)發展，召開現(xian)場會、培(pei)訓(xun)會200余(yu)場次(ci)，培(pei)訓(xun)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)骨干(gan)、示(shi)范大戶10000多(duo)人(ren)次(ci)，印發技(ji)(ji)術(shu)資料20000余(yu)份，標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)植普(pu)及(ji)率達95%以(yi)上，創造出畝產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)鮮草5000公(gong)斤的(de)奇(qi)跡。2005年6月，“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)專利產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業化(hua)(hua)工程”試點(dian)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)在陜西(xi)平(ping)利正式(shi)啟(qi)動，平(ping)利絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)十大基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)一(yi)，該縣(xian)(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)連獲三(san)(san)項(xiang)(xiang)殊榮：絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)示(shi)范區通(tong)過國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)驗收(shou)；有機絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)茶獲國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)認證；絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)原產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)域保(bao)護產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品以(yi)純天然、無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)和富(fu)含微(wei)量元素(su)走俏日本、北京、廣(guang)州等(deng)(deng)市(shi)場，年銷售量達500噸，實現(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值4000余(yu)萬(wan)元，僅此(ci)一(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)可為(wei)(wei)農(nong)民年人(ren)均(jun)增收(shou)170元，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)促(cu)農(nong)增收(shou)的(de)新亮點(dian)，先后獲得曼谷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)優質農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品及(ji)科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)設(she)備展覽會銀獎(jiang)、陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)第(di)三(san)(san)屆技(ji)(ji)術(shu)成(cheng)果(guo)交易洽談(tan)會金(jin)獎(jiang)、首屆中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)楊陵農(nong)科城技(ji)(ji)術(shu)成(cheng)果(guo)博覽會金(jin)像獎(jiang)。