芒果视频下载

平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)，葫蘆科(ke)絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)屬植物。中(zhong)藥材品種(zhong)，陜西省平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)縣(xian)特(te)(te)產，中(zhong)國國家地理標志產品。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)是絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)的自然分(fen)布分(fen)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)心(xin)，有“絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)故鄉”之稱，獨(du)特(te)(te)的區(qu)域小(xiao)生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)十(shi)分(fen)適(shi)宜絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)的生(sheng)長發育，是中(zhong)國開發最早、規(gui)模最大的絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)人工(gong)栽培基(ji)地縣(xian)、國家絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)標準化(hua)(hua)示范區(qu)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)(li)縣(xian)絞(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)產品以純天然、無公害和富含微(wei)量元素(su)走俏日本、北京、廣州等市場。

種植條件

絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)被醫學界(jie)譽為東方神草、人間福音(yin)草，但其(qi)對土(tu)壤(rang)、氣(qi)(qi)候等條件(jian)要(yao)求較(jiao)高，中(zhong)國(guo)除(chu)福建、湖北(bei)、云南(nan)、四川(chuan)等省(sheng)有(you)少(shao)量(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，地(di)處北(bei)亞熱帶(dai)濕潤(run)季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候區的平(ping)利縣(xian)，由于雨量(liang)(liang)充沛，氣(qi)(qi)候溫和，日照充足，無霜期時間長，土(tu)壤(rang)有(you)害物質含量(liang)(liang)低，成為中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)內生態型藥用植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示范基地(di)的最佳(jia)區域。據統計(ji)，2007年(nian)，中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)內絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)人工種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)約7萬畝(mu)，陜西省(sheng)只有(you)安康市發(fa)展絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)產業，全(quan)市種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)2．8萬畝(mu)，平(ping)利占(zhan)了(le)2萬畝(mu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)和原料產量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)中(zhong)國(guo)的35%以上(shang)，苦味絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)屬中(zhong)國(guo)獨有(you)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，選育的絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)效(xiao)物質含量(liang)(liang)比其(qi)他品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和區域高5個百分(fen)點，處于國(guo)際領先水平(ping)。平(ping)利縣(xian)是中(zhong)國(guo)絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)的自然分(fen)布分(fen)化中(zhong)心，在(zai)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)已發(fa)現的16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)絞(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)(lan)屬植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物中(zhong)，該縣(xian)就(jiu)占(zhan)了(le)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)皂甙含量(liang)(liang)高達12.2%，理化指標(biao)位(wei)居榜首。

生產情況

安康(kang)自古(gu)以(yi)(yi)來(lai)就(jiu)盛(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)，歷史上(shang)被稱為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)之鄉(xiang)”。《唐書·地(di)(di)理志》就(jiu)有金(jin)(jin)州(zhou)杜仲(zhong)、秦艽、黃(huang)柏等藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)作(zuo)為(wei)“貢品(pin)”的記(ji)載(zai)。鎮坪(ping)的黃(huang)連(lian)、紫陽的厚(hou)樸(pu)、嵐皋的杜仲(zhong)、平(ping)(ping)利(li)的八仙黨參(can)等地(di)(di)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)聞(wen)名遐(xia)邇。200多年(nian)(nian)前(qian)這里(li)就(jiu)是“山中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)過(guo)半，藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)商絡繹(yi)不(bu)絕”。據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)資(zi)(zi)源普查，全市中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種類1299種，總數占全省(sheng)53%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)。屬于(yu)2000年(nian)(nian)版《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》收(shou)(shou)載(zai)的中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)290種，占《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)典》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)總數的68.4%。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)、葛根(gen)、黃(huang)姜、黃(huang)連(lian)、當歸、杜仲(zhong)、淫羊藿、葉下珠、黃(huang)柏、厚(hou)樸(pu)、麝香、蜈蚣(gong)、熊膽(dan)、桔梗、秦巴硒(xi)菇、玄參(can)、獨活、云木香、川牛膝、豬苓、魔芋（藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)食兩用(yong)）等產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)居全省(sheng)首位。自20世(shi)紀70年(nian)(nian)代初(chu)開始，平(ping)(ping)利(li)縣(xian)(xian)著手絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)系(xi)統研(yan)(yan)究開發(fa)工作(zuo)，先(xian)后攻克了(le)(le)(le)野生馴化(hua)(hua)(hua)、無(wu)性快(kuai)速繁殖、病蟲(chong)害(hai)防治和(he)(he)科學采(cai)收(shou)(shou)等一(yi)系(xi)列人工栽培難題，研(yan)(yan)制出絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)茶(cha)、飲(yin)料(liao)、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)等系(xi)列產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，隨著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)加入(ru)WTO，為(wei)讓絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)打(da)入(ru)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際市場(chang)，平(ping)(ping)利(li)縣(xian)(xian)加快(kuai)了(le)(le)(le)建(jian)(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)第一(yi)縣(xian)(xian)的步伐，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立了(le)(le)(le)由縣(xian)(xian)長掛帥的領(ling)導小組，采(cai)取公(gong)司(si)+基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)+農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶的模式，吸引(yin)安康(kang)正大和(he)(he)北(bei)醫(yi)大制藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有限公(gong)司(si)投資(zi)(zi)500余(yu)萬元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，在城關、長安兩鎮建(jian)(jian)設GAP藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)源基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)，扶持組建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)盛(sheng)、五和(he)(he)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)彩等3個絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)和(he)(he)25個加工企(qi)業(ye)，實行(xing)訂單生產(chan)(chan)，建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)2萬畝(mu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)示范基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)。同時(shi)，建(jian)(jian)立完善了(le)(le)(le)技(ji)術(shu)研(yan)(yan)究、技(ji)術(shu)推廣和(he)(he)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)監測三(san)(san)大體系(xi)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立了(le)(le)(le)技(ji)術(shu)研(yan)(yan)究課(ke)題組，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)縣(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心為(wei)龍頭，縣(xian)(xian)、鎮、村三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)為(wei)紐(niu)帶的技(ji)術(shu)推廣網絡，培育出11個新品(pin)系(xi)，起草的無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)系(xi)列7項標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)被發(fa)布為(wei)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)方標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，填補了(le)(le)(le)陜(shan)西省(sheng)執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的空(kong)白，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)發(fa)布的第一(yi)項絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)方標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。此外，他們實行(xing)政策傾斜，累計(ji)投入(ru)700多萬元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)扶持絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，召(zhao)開現場(chang)會(hui)、培訓會(hui)200余(yu)場(chang)次，培訓技(ji)術(shu)骨干、示范大戶10000多人次，印發(fa)技(ji)術(shu)資(zi)(zi)料(liao)20000余(yu)份，標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)種植(zhi)普及率達95%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，創造出畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)鮮(xian)草5000公(gong)斤(jin)的奇跡。2005年(nian)(nian)6月，“國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)專利(li)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工程”試點基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)項目在陜(shan)西平(ping)(ping)利(li)正式啟(qi)動，平(ping)(ping)利(li)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)十大基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)之一(yi)，該(gai)縣(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)連(lian)獲三(san)(san)項殊榮(rong)：絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)示范區通過(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)驗收(shou)(shou)；有機絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)茶(cha)獲國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)認證；絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)原產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)域保護(hu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)以(yi)(yi)純天(tian)然、無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)和(he)(he)富含微量(liang)(liang)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)素走(zou)俏日本、北(bei)京、廣州(zhou)等市場(chang)，年(nian)(nian)銷售量(liang)(liang)達500噸，實現產(chan)(chan)值4000余(yu)萬元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，僅此一(yi)項可(ke)為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民年(nian)(nian)人均增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)170元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)促農(nong)(nong)(nong)增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)的新亮點，先(xian)后獲得(de)曼(man)谷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)優(you)質農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)及科技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)設備展(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan)會(hui)銀獎(jiang)、陜(shan)西省(sheng)第三(san)(san)屆技(ji)術(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)交(jiao)易(yi)洽(qia)談會(hui)金(jin)(jin)獎(jiang)、首屆中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)楊陵農(nong)(nong)(nong)科城技(ji)術(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)博覽(lan)會(hui)金(jin)(jin)像獎(jiang)。