一.產品介紹

在(zai)(zai)(zai)玉(yu)溪(xi)(xi)市八(ba)縣(xian)一區，這里的(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)省都是最優的(de)(de)(de)，但大(da)部(bu)分都被(bei)紅塔(ta)(ta)集團(tuan)收購了(le)，只有很(hen)少的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)調到省外(wai)(wai)。現在(zai)(zai)(zai)，紅塔(ta)(ta)集團(tuan)的(de)(de)(de)原料(liao)基地在(zai)(zai)(zai)省內主(zhu)要有玉(yu)溪(xi)(xi)、大(da)理、楚(chu)雄(xiong)、昭通(tong)，每年收購量在(zai)(zai)(zai)500萬(wan)擔左右(you)，用于近(jin)500萬(wan)箱(xiang)名優煙(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)生產。來(lai)自云(yun)(yun)煙(yan)(yan)之鄉玉(yu)溪(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)原料(liao)，是紅塔(ta)(ta)山幾十年不衰的(de)(de)(de)根本原因(yin)。“玉(yu)溪(xi)(xi)”煙(yan)(yan)就是全(quan)部(bu)選用玉(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)來(lai)做的(de)(de)(de)，所以他們說，天(tian)下煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)云(yun)(yun)南，云(yun)(yun)煙(yan)(yan)之鄉在(zai)(zai)(zai)玉(yu)溪(xi)(xi)。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)條(tiao)件：玉溪(xi)(xi)市地(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)云貴(gui)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)西(xi)緣，地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢西(xi)北高(gao)(gao)，東南低，地(di)(di)(di)(di)形復雜，山地(di)(di)(di)(di)、峽谷、高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)、盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)交錯分布。山區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)占(zhan)90.6%，壩區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)占(zhan)7.45%，湖泊面(mian)積(ji)(ji)占(zhan)1.95%，森林覆蓋率43.8%。最(zui)高(gao)(gao)點海(hai)拔(ba)3137米(mi)，最(zui)低點海(hai)拔(ba)327米(mi)，大部分耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)在海(hai)拔(ba)1500～1800米(mi)。境內土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)類(lei)型主要(yao)有紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、黃棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、燥(zao)紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、赤紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)七類(lei)，其中適宜(yi)栽種烤(kao)煙(yan)的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)類(lei)型為紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，占(zhan)總面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)70%。玉溪(xi)(xi)市土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)立地(di)(di)(di)(di)條(tiao)件較好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質疏松，通透(tou)性(xing)好(hao)；pH值5.5～7.5，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)5.8；有機質平(ping)(ping)均(jun)3%，速(su)效(xiao)氮平(ping)(ping)均(jun)100mg/Kg，速(su)效(xiao)磷平(ping)(ping)均(jun)12mg/Kg，速(su)效(xiao)鉀較豐富，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)130mg/Kg；0～60cm地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)含氯(lv)量小于25mg/Kg。

（2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況：全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)多年平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)53.62億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(不(bu)含元江(jiang)(jiang)和南(nan)(nan)盤江(jiang)(jiang)的過境水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang))，分屬紅河(he)、珠江(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域，其(qi)中(zhong)地(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)37.94億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)，占全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的70.8％，地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)15.68億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)，占全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的29.2％。水(shui)(shui)(shui)系發(fa)達，市(shi)(shi)(shi)內河(he)流(liu)分屬元江(jiang)(jiang)、南(nan)(nan)盤江(jiang)(jiang)兩(liang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系，元江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系主要支流(liu)有(you)綠汁江(jiang)(jiang)、清水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)、小河(he)底河(he)、扒河(he)等80多條，全(quan)長360公(gong)里(li)，年徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)7.0億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米；南(nan)(nan)盤江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系有(you)南(nan)(nan)盤江(jiang)(jiang)、曲江(jiang)(jiang)、海(hai)口河(he)等17條主要河(he)流(liu)，全(quan)長292公(gong)里(li)，年徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)3.8億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米。境內有(you)撫(fu)仙湖(hu)、星云湖(hu)、杞麓湖(hu)三個高原湖(hu)泊，總(zong)(zong)蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)210億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)。有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)548座(zuo)，其(qi)中(zhong)中(zhong)型水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)15座(zuo)，小型水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)533座(zuo)，總(zong)(zong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)6.83億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)。為(wei)確保山地(di)(di)烤煙(yan)抗旱早(zao)栽，山區、半山區建有(you)小水(shui)(shui)(shui)窖22萬個。全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)耕地(di)(di)有(you)效灌溉率75.75%。

（3）氣候(hou)(hou)條件：玉溪市地(di)處低緯(wei)度高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)，具有熱(re)(re)帶(dai)、亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)、溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)三種氣候(hou)(hou)類型(xing)(xing)，屬內(nei)陸高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)氣候(hou)(hou)，四(si)(si)季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)小(xiao)，晝夜(ye)溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)大，四(si)(si)季(ji)如春。植煙(yan)(yan)區主(zhu)要集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)和(he)北亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)，年平均氣溫(wen)(wen)16.9℃，無霜期250～300天，冬季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)而不(bu)冷(leng)，夏季(ji)暖而不(bu)熱(re)(re)，煙(yan)(yan)區冬短無夏，春季(ji)較(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)，烤煙(yan)(yan)大田種植中(zhong)(zhong)、后期溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，是清香型(xing)(xing)優質(zhi)(zhi)烤煙(yan)(yan)的代(dai)表產地(di)。年降水量(liang)700～900毫米，相對(dui)濕(shi)度平均為74.5%，烤煙(yan)(yan)全(quan)生育(yu)期雨(yu)量(liang)在550～750mm之(zhi)間，雨(yu)量(liang)適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，與(yu)優質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)生長(chang)發育(yu)的需水特性(xing)一(yi)致。年日(ri)照時數2187小(xiao)時，年均太陽輻射總量(liang)5265兆焦耳(er)/平方米，與(yu)全(quan)國多數煙(yan)(yan)區相比輻射量(liang)多，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)照充足，且光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)譜中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)易被烤煙(yan)(yan)吸收利用的紅光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)和(he)藍紫光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)較(jiao)(jiao)多，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)譜季(ji)節變化與(yu)優質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)對(dui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的需求配合一(yi)致，十分適(shi)宜于優質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉生長(chang)。

（4）人文歷史(shi)情況：玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歷史(shi)悠久。早在(zai)哥倫布發現美(mei)(mei)洲(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)之(zhi)前，已(yi)有煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，至今已(yi)有500多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)歷史(shi)。清末(mo)，晾曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)相當(dang)普(pu)遍；民(min)國(guo)中(zhong)期，僅通海縣(xian)就種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)9800畝(mu)(mu)。烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，民(min)國(guo)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1914年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）即(ji)已(yi)在(zai)紅(hong)塔(ta)區(qu)、通海兩縣(xian)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)72畝(mu)(mu)并獲得成功；民(min)國(guo)31年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)1311畝(mu)(mu)，收(shou)獲 煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)4.7萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)克(ke)；民(min)國(guo)32年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，擴(kuo)大到江川(chuan)、易門(men)；至民(min)國(guo)34年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，累計種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)2.71萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)；民(min)國(guo)35年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，擴(kuo)大至新(xin)平(ping)等縣(xian)；民(min)國(guo)38年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)達(da)3.1萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)和(he)產(chan)量(liang)占全(quan)(quan)省的(de)80%以(yi)上(shang)。新(xin)中(zhong)國(guo)成立后(hou)，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)晾曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)加(jia)工逐(zhu)漸(jian)減少，烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)逐(zhu)漸(jian)增加(jia)。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，政府(fu)將烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)列入計劃生(sheng)產(chan)，當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)4.3萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，總產(chan)量(liang)300萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)克(ke)。由于(yu)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)色(se)澤橙黃(huang)、富油潤、味醇和(he)，在(zai)1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)河南許昌召開(kai)的(de)烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質量(liang)評比會上(shang)，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)評分(fen)108分(fen)，名列全(quan)(quan)國(guo)之(zhi)首，成為(wei)熊貓、中(zhong)華(hua)等高級香煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)主要配方原(yuan)料。改(gai)革開(kai)放(fang)之(zhi)前，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)曲折中(zhong)發展，1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)15.15萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，總產(chan)量(liang)1624萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)克(ke)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)52.8萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，收(shou)購量(liang)8201萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)克(ke)。進(jin)(jin)入新(xin)世紀(ji)后(hou)，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)快速發展，2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)市烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)70萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)、產(chan)量(liang)10400萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)克(ke)，產(chan)值16億元(yuan)。烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成為(wei)當(dang)地農(nong)民(min)最大的(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)來源(yuan)。同(tong)時，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是紅(hong)塔(ta)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)（集團）有限(xian)責任公(gong)司生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)高檔中(zhong)式卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)主要原(yuan)料，伴隨“紅(hong)塔(ta)山”卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)牌的(de)發展，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)香飄四海。玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)主栽(zai)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)K326、紅(hong)花大金(jin)元(yuan)。民(min)國(guo)35年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)所(suo)從美(mei)(mei)國(guo)引(yin)進(jin)(jin)“大金(jin)元(yuan)”品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，之(zhi)后(hou)在(zai)全(quan)(quan)市推(tui)廣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)，在(zai)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)和(he)科(ke)技人員的(de)共同(tong)努力(li)下，培育了多(duo)個多(duo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)類型的(de)大金(jin)元(yuan)衍生(sheng)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1968年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)專區(qu)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)調(diao)拔站等單(dan)位，從石林(lin)縣(xian)路(lu)美(mei)(mei)邑村引(yin)進(jin)(jin)“紅(hong)花大金(jin)元(yuan)”，經(jing)(jing)對比試(shi)驗，定向(xiang)選育和(he)馴化，該品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)逐(zhu)步成為(wei)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)當(dang)家(jia)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，目前種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)達(da)10萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，產(chan)量(liang)1000萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)克(ke)。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)地區(qu)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)公(gong)司煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)所(suo)引(yin)進(jin)(jin)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)主要推(tui)廣品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)K326，在(zai)全(quan)(quan)市進(jin)(jin)行多(duo)點(dian)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、篩選，經(jing)(jing)過多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)選育、馴化、改(gai)良，由于(yu)其具(ju)有優(you)質、適產(chan)、適應性(xing)廣等優(you)點(dian)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)擴(kuo)展迅速，目前種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)達(da)50萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，產(chan)量(liang)7800萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)克(ke)，成為(wei)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)主要栽(zai)培品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

三.地域范圍

玉溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)位于云南(nan)(nan)省中(zhong)(zhong)部，北(bei)緯23°19′～24°53′、東經101°16′～103°09′之間，南(nan)(nan)北(bei)長163.5公(gong)里(li)，東西(xi)寬172公(gong)里(li)。東北(bei)接昆明市(shi)(shi)，東南(nan)(nan)鄰紅(hong)(hong)河州，西(xi)南(nan)(nan)連普洱市(shi)(shi)，西(xi)北(bei)靠(kao)楚(chu)雄州。全市(shi)(shi)轄紅(hong)(hong)塔區(qu)、江(jiang)川縣(xian)(xian)、澄江(jiang)市(shi)(shi)、通海(hai)縣(xian)(xian)、華寧縣(xian)(xian)、易門縣(xian)(xian)、峨山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)、新平縣(xian)(xian)、元江(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)等(deng)一區(qu)八(ba)縣(xian)(xian)，共設80個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮、辦事處，657個(ge)村、居民(min)委員會(hui)，國土(tu)面積15285萬(wan)平方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。 玉溪(xi)煙(yan)葉農產品地(di)理標志地(di)保護范圍為玉溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)一區(qu)八(ba)縣(xian)(xian)海(hai)拔(ba)1300～1900米之間的平壩、低中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)地(di)帶和中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)地(di)帶，共計68個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮，保護面積260萬(wan)畝(mu)，其中(zhong)(zhong)50畝(mu)連片的面積有236萬(wan)畝(mu)，年生產能力(li)300萬(wan)擔(dan)。玉溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)是(shi)我國的優質煙(yan)葉主產區(qu)和中(zhong)(zhong)式中(zhong)(zhong)高檔卷煙(yan)的主要原(yuan)料基地(di)，也是(shi)國內最具開發價值的優質烤煙(yan)核(he)心產地(di)，被譽(yu)為“云煙(yan)之鄉(xiang)”。

四.產品品質特性特征

1、外在感官(guan)特征：1.1、鮮煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)。株(zhu)高適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)效葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)多(duo)，單葉(xie)(xie)較重。煙(yan)株(zhu)進入成(cheng)熟期后，整株(zhu)葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)由下而(er)上(shang)(shang)逐漸為綠黃(huang)(huang)(huang)色(se)或黃(huang)(huang)(huang)綠色(se)，分層落(luo)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)明顯，易把(ba)握成(cheng)熟度(du)和(he)便于適(shi)時采摘烘烤(kao)調制(zhi)。玉溪煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)株(zhu)高90-120cm，有(you)(you)效葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)因品種不同稍有(you)(you)差異：“紅花(hua)大金元”16-20片(pian)，“K326”18-22片(pian)。葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)大小：下、中(zhong)(zhong)、上(shang)(shang)部(bu)位略有(you)(you)差異：一般下部(bu)葉(xie)(xie)長55-65cm，寬(kuan)25-35cm，葉(xie)(xie)厚(hou)220-280μm ；中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)葉(xie)(xie)長65-75cm，寬(kuan)23-30cm，葉(xie)(xie)厚(hou)270-330μm ；上(shang)(shang)部(bu)葉(xie)(xie)長50-60cm，寬(kuan)16-22cm，葉(xie)(xie)厚(hou)300-350μm 。1.2、烤(kao)煙(yan)。外觀質量(liang)符合GB2635中(zhong)(zhong)正(zheng)組煙(yan)的(de)要求(qiu)，葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)成(cheng)熟，顏色(se)金黃(huang)(huang)(huang)至桔(jie)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)，以桔(jie)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)為主(zhu)；色(se)度(du)飽和(he)，厚(hou)薄適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，富油潤；葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)組織(zhi)結(jie)構疏松、柔軟、彈(dan)性(xing)好。單葉(xie)(xie)重：下部(bu)葉(xie)(xie)6-8g，中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)葉(xie)(xie)8-10g，上(shang)(shang)部(bu)葉(xie)(xie)7-9g。

2、內在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)：指標玉(yu)溪煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)內含化學成份協調，總糖、還原糖比國內其它煙(yan)區高(gao)而具特(te)色，具有清新飄逸(yi)、清甜(tian)優雅、豐富飽滿、圓潤細(xi)膩的風格特(te)征，刺(ci)激較小(xiao)、雜(za)氣輕(qing)、回味(wei)舒適、生津回甜(tian)，燃燒較好，與國內外產(chan)區煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)有良(liang)好的配伍性(xing)，工業可(ke)用性(xing)高(gao)，是(shi)中式(shi)中、高(gao)檔(dang)卷(juan)煙(yan)的必(bi)備原料。

3、安全(quan)要求：農藥殘留：符(fu)合(he)《DB53/T182.2-2006 玉溪優質烤煙質量(liang)要求》的規定(ding)。