鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的區(qu)別(bie) 鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)哪個(ge)好

鋰電池和鎳氫電池的區別

鋰(li)電池和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電池的(de)區別主(zhu)要(yao)在于，鋰(li)電池在手機上(shang)使(shi)(shi)用比較(jiao)適合，但在數字相機上(shang)，由(you)于電流量的(de)需(xu)求相當大(da)，而(er)且耗(hao)電量也比手機大(da)很多，所以使(shi)(shi)用鎳(nie)氫(qing)電池要(yao)更(geng)好一些。

鋰電池的優缺點

優點(dian)： 無記憶效應，重量較輕。

缺點(dian)： 成本高(gao)，電流較小，不耐(nai)過飽(bao)充(與鎳(nie)氫比較) 。

鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有(you)一次鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(不可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian))與二次鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian))，二次鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)又分Li-ion 鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)與Li-Polymer 鋰(li)(li)聚合(he)物電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

一(yi)般(ban)數(shu)字(zi)相機使(shi)用(yong)二次(ci)鋰(li)電(dian)(可充電(dian))，與鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)相比(bi)，重(zhong)量(liang)較(jiao)輕，體積能量(liang)密度比(bi)卻高出48％。正因為如此, 鋰(li)離子二次(ci)電(dian)池(chi)生產和銷售(shou)量(liang)正逐(zhu)漸超過鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)。 這種電(dian)池(chi)自我放電(dian)小(xiao)，又沒有記(ji)憶(yi)效應，充放電(dian)次(ci)數(shu)可達600次(ci)以上，特別是(shi)近年來(lai)(lai)才開發出來(lai)(lai)的Li-Polymer鋰(li)聚合物電(dian)池(chi)，除體積更小(xiao)，還不受一(yi)般(ban)電(dian)池(chi)圓柱或方形(xing)外型(xing)限(xian)制(zhi)，重(zhong)量(liang)也更輕。

鋰電(dian)池因不(bu)耐過(guo)(guo)飽充，如果使用不(bu)慎(shen)會有爆(bao)炸的(de)危(wei)險，因此需內建控制IC，防止過(guo)(guo)飽充，但成本(ben)也相(xiang)對提高許多。鋰電(dian)池由于(yu)規格并沒有統一(yi),所以會有機種停產后(hou)買不(bu)到電(dian)池的(de)情形(xing)。不(bu)過(guo)(guo)目前(qian)已經(jing)改善(shan)很(hen)多。

鎳氫電池的優缺點

優點： 價格低，通用性強，電(dian)流大，環保穩(wen)定。

缺點： 重量大，電池(chi)壽命較短。

鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)設計源于鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，但(dan)在(zai)改(gai)(gai)善鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應上(shang)，有極大(da)的(de)進展。其主要的(de)改(gai)(gai)變，在(zai)以儲氫合金取代(dai)負極原來使用之鎘(ge)，因此(ci)鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以說是材(cai)料(liao)革新的(de)典型代(dai)表。鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所(suo)造成之污染，會比含有鎘(ge)之鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)小很多，因此(ci)，目前鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)已逐漸被鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)取代(dai)。

鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)除少數(shu)擁有(you)一次鋰(li)電(dian)可使(shi)用(yong)外( NIKON EN-EL1 與 2CR5 )大多數(shu)都(dou)(dou)沒有(you)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)替(ti)代方案，這對于要長(chang)時間(jian)出國，或大量使(shi)用(yong)者就很麻煩，鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)就沒有(you)這樣的(de)(de)問題，使(shi)用(yong)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)數(shu)字相機(ji)通常(chang)都(dou)(dou)可使(shi)用(yong)堿性電(dian)池(chi)(chi)替(ti)代。

近年來數字相(xiang)機越來越多使(shi)用鎳氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)池，電(dian)池廠(chang)商也看好(hao)這個市場，紛(fen)紛(fen)推出高(gao)容量(liang)的(de)鎳氫(qing)(qing)充電(dian)電(dian)池，使(shi)得鎳氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)池的(de)技(ji)術突飛猛進，容量(liang)也越來越大，使(shi)用時間以與鋰電(dian)池不相(xiang)上下，連充電(dian)器也越來越精(jing)進，充電(dian)時間大幅縮(suo)短。

鋰電池與鎳氫電池充電方式的區別

很多消費者在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)使用過程中(zhong),往(wang)往(wang)存在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)使用方(fang)法(fa)都是(shi)相(xiang)同的(de)概(gai)念(nian),現在(zai)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)已(yi)經(jing)是(shi)主流(liu),但以往(wang)的(de)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用方(fang)式仍然(ran)被應用在(zai)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上(shang)，其實(shi)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)跟鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)除了產品不一(yi)樣(yang)外，使用方(fang)式也不相(xiang)同。

新買的鋰電(dian)(dian)池：頭三(san)次先(xian)用至自然關機(ji)，再配合原裝直充(chong)在手機(ji)開機(ji)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)到滿，然后繼續保(bao)持充(chong)電(dian)(dian)約1小時（2000mah以上約2小時）。

日常：充(chong)(chong)滿(man)就可(ke)(ke)，滿(man)后續充(chong)(chong)莫超過1小時(shi)。避免深(shen)夜充(chong)(chong)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓偏高）。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可(ke)(ke)隨充(chong)(chong)隨用(yong)(yong)，可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)到(dao)告(gao)警(jing)或(huo)關(guan)機。注意用(yong)(yong)到(dao)關(guan)機的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池盡量及時(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，否則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼續下降可(ke)(ke)能導致自鎖保(bao)護無法充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。要養成習慣：白天到(dao)單位、晚上到(dao)家，就開(kai)始充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)滿(man)后或(huo)離開(kai)、睡覺(jue)前(qian)拔掉電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。

使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)：一(yi)般鋰(li)電池(chi)可隨(sui)充(chong)(chong)、隨(sui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)、隨(sui)停。循環壽命是(shi)指(zhi)全充(chong)(chong)全放次數，部(bu)分充(chong)(chong)放電可理解為幾分之一(yi)次壽命。電池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的關鍵：電池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿，可加充(chong)(chong)電20分鐘-半小時(shi)以(yi)達到飽和，但(dan)一(yi)定要避免充(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)長時(shi)間充(chong)(chong)電。滿后(hou)長時(shi)間繼(ji)續充(chong)(chong)電會導致副反應(ying)，結果是(shi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)下降及內阻變大，出現容量(liang)(liang)(liang)縮短、一(yi)打(da)電話就關機的情況。PPC等帶(dai)電量(liang)(liang)(liang)芯片的機器(qi)，最好(hao)一(yi)直用(yong)(yong)(yong)到沒電再充(chong)(chong)，主要是(shi)考慮電量(liang)(liang)(liang)顯示計量(liang)(liang)(liang)的問題。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充滿后(hou)(hou)繼續充電(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)傷害很大(da)。滿后(hou)(hou)繼續充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部(bu)將產(chan)生副(fu)反應，活性(xing)物質減少，垃圾物質增(zeng)多，容量(liang)下(xia)降，內(nei)阻(zu)增(zeng)大(da)，嚴重過充直接破壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)結(jie)構(gou)，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)報(bao)廢。現在(zai)一些充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器也(ye)提供了充電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護模式(shi),會根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)是(shi)否充滿調(diao)節充電(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi),可以有效的保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

鋰離子電池(chi)可(ke)隨時充(chong)電，對(dui)壽命(ming)的(de)影響有限，對(dui)PPC等帶電量計電池(chi)，建議用(yong)到自動關機后充(chong)電，以(yi)免(mian)影響。隨時可(ke)充(chong)電、隨時可(ke)停(ting)止(zhi)，如果充(chong)滿了繼(ji)續(xu)充(chong)電，會對(dui)電池(chi)的(de)壽命(ming)產生影響。