鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)區別 鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)哪個好

鋰電池和鎳氫電池的區別

鋰(li)電池和鎳氫(qing)電池的區別主要在于，鋰(li)電池在手機上(shang)(shang)使(shi)用比較適(shi)合，但在數(shu)字(zi)相機上(shang)(shang)，由于電流量(liang)的需求相當大(da)，而且耗電量(liang)也比手機大(da)很多，所(suo)以使(shi)用鎳氫(qing)電池要更好一些。

鋰電池的優缺點

優(you)點： 無記憶效(xiao)應，重量(liang)較輕。

缺點： 成本高，電流較小(xiao)，不耐過飽(bao)充(與鎳(nie)氫比(bi)較) 。

鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)有一次鋰(li)電(dian)(不可(ke)充(chong)電(dian))與(yu)二(er)次鋰(li)電(dian)(可(ke)充(chong)電(dian))，二(er)次鋰(li)電(dian)又分Li-ion 鋰(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)與(yu)Li-Polymer 鋰(li)聚合(he)物電(dian)池(chi)。

一(yi)般數字相機使用二次鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(可充電(dian)(dian)(dian))，與(yu)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相比，重量較輕，體(ti)積(ji)能量密(mi)度比卻(que)高出48％。正因為如此, 鋰離(li)子二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)生產和銷售(shou)量正逐漸超過(guo)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。 這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自我放電(dian)(dian)(dian)小，又沒(mei)有記(ji)憶效應，充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)次數可達600次以上，特別是近(jin)年來才開發出來的(de)Li-Polymer鋰聚合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，除(chu)體(ti)積(ji)更小，還不受一(yi)般電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)圓(yuan)柱(zhu)或(huo)方(fang)形外(wai)型限制，重量也更輕。

鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)因(yin)不耐過(guo)飽(bao)充(chong)，如(ru)果(guo)使用(yong)不慎會有爆(bao)炸的危險，因(yin)此需內建控制IC，防止過(guo)飽(bao)充(chong)，但成本也(ye)相對(dui)提(ti)高許多。鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)由于規(gui)格并沒有統一,所以(yi)會有機(ji)種(zhong)停產(chan)后買不到電池(chi)(chi)的情(qing)形(xing)。不過(guo)目前已(yi)經改善很多。

鎳氫電池的優缺點

優點： 價格低，通用性強，電流大，環保(bao)穩定。

缺點： 重(zhong)量大，電池壽命較短(duan)。

鎳氫電池(chi)(chi)的(de)設計源于鎳鎘(ge)(ge)電池(chi)(chi)，但在改善鎳鎘(ge)(ge)電池(chi)(chi)的(de)記憶效應上，有極大的(de)進展(zhan)。其主要(yao)的(de)改變，在以(yi)儲氫合(he)金取(qu)(qu)代負極原(yuan)來使用之鎘(ge)(ge)，因此鎳氫電池(chi)(chi)可以(yi)說是材料革(ge)新的(de)典型代表(biao)。鎳氫電池(chi)(chi)所(suo)造成之污染，會比含有鎘(ge)(ge)之鎳鎘(ge)(ge)電池(chi)(chi)小很多，因此，目(mu)前鎳鎘(ge)(ge)電池(chi)(chi)已逐漸被鎳氫電池(chi)(chi)取(qu)(qu)代。

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)除少數擁有一次鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)可使用(yong)(yong)外(wai)( NIKON EN-EL1 與 2CR5 )大多數都沒有電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的替代方案，這對于要長時間出國(guo)，或大量使用(yong)(yong)者就很(hen)麻煩(fan)，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)就沒有這樣的問題，使用(yong)(yong)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的數字(zi)相機通常(chang)都可使用(yong)(yong)堿性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)替代。

近年來數字相(xiang)機(ji)越(yue)來越(yue)多使(shi)用鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池，電(dian)(dian)池廠(chang)商也看好這個(ge)市場，紛(fen)紛(fen)推出高容量(liang)的鎳(nie)氫充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池，使(shi)得鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池的技術突飛猛進(jin)，容量(liang)也越(yue)來越(yue)大，使(shi)用時間(jian)以與(yu)鋰電(dian)(dian)池不(bu)相(xiang)上(shang)下(xia)，連(lian)充電(dian)(dian)器也越(yue)來越(yue)精進(jin)，充電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)大幅縮短。

鋰電池與鎳氫電池充電方式的區別

很多消費者(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用過(guo)程中(zhong),往(wang)往(wang)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用方法都(dou)是相同的(de)(de)(de)概念,現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)已經是主(zhu)流,但以(yi)往(wang)的(de)(de)(de)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用方式仍然被應用在(zai)(zai)(zai)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)上，其實鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)跟鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)除了產品不(bu)一樣外，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用方式也不(bu)相同。

新(xin)買的鋰電(dian)(dian)池：頭三次(ci)先用(yong)至(zhi)自然(ran)關機，再配(pei)合原(yuan)裝直充在(zai)手機開機充電(dian)(dian)到滿，然(ran)后繼續保(bao)持充電(dian)(dian)約1小時(shi)（2000mah以上(shang)約2小時(shi)）。

日常：充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿就可，滿后續充(chong)(chong)(chong)莫超(chao)過1小時。避免深夜充(chong)(chong)(chong)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓偏高）。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可隨(sui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)隨(sui)用，可用到(dao)告警或關機。注(zhu)意用到(dao)關機的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)盡(jin)量及時充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，否則(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼續下(xia)降可能導致自鎖保護(hu)無法充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。要(yao)養(yang)成習慣：白天到(dao)單位、晚上到(dao)家，就開始充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿后或離開、睡覺前拔掉(diao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。

使用(yong)(yong)：一(yi)般鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)隨(sui)充(chong)(chong)、隨(sui)用(yong)(yong)、隨(sui)停。循環壽命(ming)是(shi)指(zhi)全充(chong)(chong)全放次數，部分充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)理(li)解為幾分之一(yi)次壽命(ming)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)關鍵：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿，可(ke)加充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)20分鐘(zhong)-半小(xiao)時以(yi)達(da)到飽和，但一(yi)定(ding)要避(bi)免充(chong)(chong)滿后長(chang)時間(jian)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。滿后長(chang)時間(jian)繼續充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會(hui)導致(zhi)副(fu)反應，結果是(shi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)下降及內(nei)阻變(bian)大(da)，出現容量(liang)(liang)(liang)縮短(duan)、一(yi)打電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話就關機的(de)情況。PPC等(deng)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)芯片(pian)的(de)機器，最好一(yi)直用(yong)(yong)到沒(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)再充(chong)(chong)，主要是(shi)考慮(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)顯示計量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)問題。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)滿后繼(ji)續充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)傷害很(hen)大。滿后繼(ji)續充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)部將產(chan)生副反應，活性物(wu)質(zhi)減少，垃(la)圾物(wu)質(zhi)增多，容量下降，內(nei)阻增大，嚴重(zhong)過充(chong)直接破壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)結構，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)報(bao)廢。現在(zai)一(yi)些充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器也提(ti)供了(le)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)模式(shi),會根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量是否充(chong)滿調節(jie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi),可以有效的(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

鋰離子電池可隨時(shi)充(chong)(chong)電，對壽命的影響有限，對PPC等帶電量計電池，建議用(yong)到自動關機后充(chong)(chong)電，以免影響。隨時(shi)可充(chong)(chong)電、隨時(shi)可停止，如果充(chong)(chong)滿了繼續充(chong)(chong)電，會對電池的壽命產生影響。