一、研磨機是干什么用的
研(yan)磨(mo)機是指用涂上或嵌(qian)入磨(mo)料(liao)的(de)研(yan)具對工件表(biao)面進行研(yan)磨(mo)的(de)磨(mo)床。
研磨是超精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)一(yi)種重(zhong)要(yao)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法,其(qi)優點是加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)度高(gao),加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)材料范(fan)圍廣,研磨機利用涂敷或壓(ya)嵌在(zai)研具上(shang)的(de)(de)磨料顆粒(li),通(tong)過研具與工(gong)(gong)(gong)件在(zai)一(yi)定壓(ya)力下(xia)的(de)(de)相對運動,對加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表面進行精(jing)整加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。
研磨機可用于加(jia)工各種金屬和非金屬材料,加(jia)工的(de)表面(mian)形狀有平(ping)面(mian),內、外圓柱面(mian)和圓錐面(mian),凸、凹(ao)球面(mian),螺紋(wen),齒面(mian)及(ji)其他型(xing)面(mian)。
二、研磨機的種類有哪些
研磨(mo)機的類型(xing)眾多,大(da)致可分為以下(xia)幾(ji)種:
1、圓盤式研磨機
分單(dan)盤(pan)(pan)和雙(shuang)盤(pan)(pan)兩(liang)種(zhong),以雙(shuang)盤(pan)(pan)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)機應用(yong)(yong)最為(wei)普通。在(zai)雙(shuang)盤(pan)(pan)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)機上(shang),多個工(gong)(gong)件(jian)同時放(fang)入位(wei)于(yu)(yu)上(shang)、下研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)盤(pan)(pan)之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)保持(chi)架內,保持(chi)架和工(gong)(gong)件(jian)由偏心或(huo)行(xing)星機構帶動(dong)(dong)作平面(mian)平行(xing)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。下研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)盤(pan)(pan)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),與之(zhi)(zhi)平行(xing)的(de)上(shang)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)盤(pan)(pan)可以不轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),或(huo)與下研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)盤(pan)(pan)反向旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),并可上(shang)下移動(dong)(dong)以壓緊工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(壓力(li)可調)。此外,上(shang)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)盤(pan)(pan)還可隨搖臂繞立(li)柱轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)一角度,以便(bian)裝卸工(gong)(gong)件(jian)。雙(shuang)盤(pan)(pan)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)機主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)兩(liang)平行(xing)面(mian)、一個平面(mian)(需增加(jia)壓緊工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)附件(jian))、外圓柱面(mian)和球面(mian)(采用(yong)(yong)帶V形槽的(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)盤(pan)(pan))等。
2、轉軸式研磨機
由正、反向旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)的主(zhu)軸帶(dai)動工件或(huo)研(yan)具(可調式研(yan)磨環或(huo)研(yan)磨棒)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan),結構比(bi)較簡單,用于(yu)研(yan)磨內、外圓柱面(mian)。
3、專用研磨機
按照被研磨(mo)(mo)工件的不(bu)同,有(you)中心(xin)孔(kong)研磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)(ji)、鋼(gang)球(qiu)研磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)(ji)和齒(chi)輪(lun)研磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)(ji)等。此外,還有(you)一種采用(yong)類似無心(xin)磨(mo)(mo)削原理的無心(xin)研磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)(ji),用(yong)于研磨(mo)(mo)圓柱(zhu)形(xing)工件。
4、三輥研磨機
三輥研磨機(ji)是應用于油(you)漆、涂料(liao)(liao)、染料(liao)(liao)、油(you)墨(mo)、塑(su)料(liao)(liao)、皮革、橡膠、鉛(qian)芯、醫藥、食品(pin)、化(hua)妝品(pin)以及(ji)(ji)絕緣材料(liao)(liao)等(deng)化(hua)工行業原料(liao)(liao)的(de)濕式研磨粉碎(sui)機(ji)械,該(gai)機(ji)具有粉碎(sui)、分散(san)、乳化(hua)、均質(zhi)、調色(se)、回收廢料(liao)(liao)等(deng)多(duo)種功能,廣(guang)泛(fan)應用于科研、試(shi)驗、配(pei)方及(ji)(ji)粉碎(sui)微量調試(shi)生產。
三、研磨機的工作階段
研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)機對物(wu)件進行研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)加工(gong)過程分為三(san)個(ge)階(jie)段(duan)(duan):即開始(shi)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)、正(zheng)式(shi)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)和結束階(jie)段(duan)(duan)。在(zai)這三(san)個(ge)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)過程中,其速(su)(su)度(du)的變化(hua)為:開始(shi)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)具升速(su)(su)旋轉,正(zheng)式(shi)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)具恒速(su)(su)旋轉,結束階(jie)段(duan)(duan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)具降(jiang)速(su)(su)旋轉,通過速(su)(su)度(du)的變化(hua)實(shi)現物(wu)件的研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)加工(gong)。