一、屋頂光伏發電和地面光伏發電對比
地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)和屋頂分(fen)布式電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)是(shi)目前光伏電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)投資的兩大類型。地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)因(yin)擁有清晰的產權而容易獲得金(jin)融支(zhi)持,安裝、接入方式簡(jian)單,只與電(dian)(dian)網有結(jie)算關系,這些都是(shi)其(qi)優(you)點。但同時(shi)還要看(kan)到(dao),地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)存在占用大量(liang)土地(di)(di)(di)、補貼到(dao)位時(shi)間長(chang)等(deng)不(bu)足。此外,地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)還會受(shou)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)改等(deng)因(yin)素的影響,由于發電(dian)(dian)側放開競價上網,光伏地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)競爭力就會顯得嚴(yan)重不(bu)足。
另外還(huan)需要考慮到,屋頂(ding)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)電(dian)站往往會因產(chan)權不(bu)夠清晰,而不(bu)容易(yi)獲得金融支持(chi);同(tong)時(shi),屋頂(ding)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)電(dian)站的(de)安裝(zhuang)、接入方(fang)式(shi)(shi)相對復雜;其(qi)結算關(guan)系上(shang)存在屋頂(ding)業主、投(tou)資(zi)方(fang)和(he)電(dian)網三(san)方(fang)關(guan)系,業主有違約(yue)風險(xian)等(deng)。必(bi)須(xu)看到,不(bu)占(zhan)用土地、電(dian)量消納不(bu)受(shou)限制、首次(ci)補(bu)貼到位時(shi)間為(wei)一個季度(du)等(deng),都是屋頂(ding)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)電(dian)站的(de)優勢。同(tong)時(shi),由于是直供電(dian),屋頂(ding)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)電(dian)站未來會成為(wei)售電(dian)公司的(de)首選。
二、屋頂光伏發電有沒有輻射
屋頂光伏發電沒有(you)輻射,不(bu)會(hui)對人體有(you)害(hai)。光(guang)伏發電是將光(guang)能(neng)通過半導體的(de)特性直接轉化(hua)為直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電能(neng)的(de),再通過逆變器將直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電轉換(huan)成可以被我們使(shi)用的(de)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電。其中沒有(you)任何化(hua)學變化(hua)以及核(he)反應,所以光(guang)伏發電是不(bu)會(hui)有(you)輻射的(de)。光(guang)伏發電是無污染、無輻射,取之不(bu)盡用之不(bu)竭的(de)清潔能(neng)源(yuan)。
光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)(jian)本身在(zai)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時并(bing)不(bu)(bu)產生任何電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)輻射(she),但(dan)是為(wei)了(le)將光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)(jian)所發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)實現和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)連接,通常(chang)需(xu)要很多的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力設備(bei)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子器件(jian)(jian),這些(xie)設備(bei)在(zai)運行時會(hui)影響周(zhou)(zhou)圍的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)環境(jing)(jing)。 這里(li)用(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)環境(jing)(jing)指代存在(zai)于光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系(xi)統周(zhou)(zhou)邊的(de)(de)(de)由于光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系(xi)統運行產生的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)現象的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)和(he)。 經科學(xue)測定,太陽(yang)能光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)環境(jing)(jing)低(di)于各項(xiang)指標的(de)(de)(de)限值。在(zai)工頻段,太陽(yang)能光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)環境(jing)(jing)甚至低(di)于正常(chang)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)家用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器時產生的(de)(de)(de)量值;因為(wei)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)(jian)是沒有(you)輻射(she)的(de)(de)(de),相(xiang)反它可以反射(she)一(yi)些(xie)太陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)里(li)面的(de)(de)(de)有(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)外(wai)(wai)線(xian),所以光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)有(you)危害(hai)還而會(hui)反射(she)一(yi)部分(fen)有(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)外(wai)(wai)線(xian),對人體是沒有(you)危害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)。