什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是指由當事人選(xuan)定或(huo)者仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員會(hui)主(zhu)任指定的(de)(de)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員組(zu)成的(de)(de)，對當事人申請仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案件(jian)依仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)程(cheng)序進行(xing)(xing)審理(li)并作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決的(de)(de)組(zu)織形(xing)式。按(an)照《仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的(de)(de)規定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員會(hui)受理(li)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案件(jian)后，應按(an)程(cheng)序組(zu)成仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭對案件(jian)進行(xing)(xing)審理(li)和(he)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決。因(yin)此，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是行(xing)(xing)使仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)權的(de)(de)主(zhu)體。

2、在(zai)中國，根據仲(zhong)裁法規規定(ding)，仲(zhong)裁庭分為兩(liang)種：

（1）獨任(ren)(ren)仲裁庭，由一名仲裁員承擔爭議案件的仲裁任(ren)(ren)務(wu)。

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（2）合(he)議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)，由(you)雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事人(ren)各自選定一名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)，第三名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)由(you)雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事人(ren)共同選定或共同委托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁委員(yuan)(yuan)會指定。第三名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)是首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)。三人(ren)組(zu)成(cheng)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)，承(cheng)擔(dan)爭議案件(jian)(jian)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁任(ren)務(wu)；或者由(you)雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事人(ren)共同選定首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)，由(you)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)選定二名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)，擔(dan)負(fu)爭議案件(jian)(jian)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁任(ren)務(wu)。合(he)議庭(ting)實行(xing)民主集(ji)中制，少(shao)數服從多數的(de)原則(ze)，故合(he)議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)的(de)組(zu)成(cheng)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)是單(dan)數。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)審理案件(jian)(jian)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)公開進行(xing)，經(jing)審理作出的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁裁決，應(ying)當(dang)(dang)庭(ting)向當(dang)(dang)事人(ren)宣讀，向當(dang)(dang)事人(ren)送(song)達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁決書(shu)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)完(wan)成(cheng)一案的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁任(ren)務(wu)后即解(jie)散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)由仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)組成，仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)的產生(sheng)(sheng)是根據(ju)當事人的意愿而定(ding)的，決定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)的產生(sheng)(sheng)方式是當事人的一(yi)項權利。仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)的產生(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)以下方式：

(一)當事人約定了仲裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組成方式，此時有(you)兩種情況(kuang)。第一種情況(kuang)是當事人約定由三名(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)組成仲裁(cai)(cai)庭，仲裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)產生方式有(you)兩種：

（1）是由(you)(you)(you)雙方當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人各自選(xuan)定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或者各自委(wei)托(tuo)(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)任指(zhi)定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第(di)三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)(you)雙方當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人共同選(xuan)定；二是由(you)(you)(you)雙方當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人各自選(xuan)定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，或者各自委(wei)托(tuo)(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)任指(zhi)定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第(di)三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)(you)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人共同委(wei)托(tuo)(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)的主(zhu)(zhu)任指(zhi)定。這兩(liang)種類(lei)型中，第(di)三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

（2）第二種情況是當事(shi)人約定由一名(ming)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員成立仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的，應當由當事(shi)人共同選定或(huo)者委托(tuo)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員會主任指定仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員。

(二) 當事人(ren)沒(mei)有(you)在仲(zhong)裁(cai)規則規定(ding)的期限(xian)內約定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)的組(zu)(zu)成方(fang)式，由(you)仲(zhong)裁(cai)委(wei)員會(hui)主任(ren)決定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)的組(zu)(zu)成方(fang)式；當事人(ren)雖然在仲(zhong)裁(cai)規則規定(ding)的期限(xian)內約定(ding)了仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)的組(zu)(zu)成方(fang)式但沒(mei)有(you)選定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)員的，由(you)仲(zhong)裁(cai)委(wei)員會(hui)的主任(ren)指(zhi)定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)員。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲裁(cai)委員會應當(dang)在仲裁(cai)規(gui)則規(gui)定的期限(xian)內將開庭日期通(tong)知(zhi)雙方當(dang)事人

二、開(kai)(kai)庭仲裁(cai)，由首(shou)席仲裁(cai)員或者獨(du)任仲裁(cai)員宣布開(kai)(kai)庭

隨后，首席仲裁員(yuan)或(huo)者獨任仲裁員(yuan)核對當事(shi)人，宣(xuan)布(bu)案由(you)，宣(xuan)布(bu)仲裁庭組(zu)成(cheng)人員(yuan)和記錄人員(yuan)名單，告知(zhi)當事(shi)人有關的仲裁權利(li)義務，詢問當事(shi)人是否(fou)提出回(hui)避申(shen)請(qing)。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事(shi)人(ren)陳述；

(2)告知證(zheng)人(ren)的權利義務，證(zheng)人(ren)作證(zheng)，宣(xuan)讀未到(dao)庭的證(zheng)人(ren)證(zheng)言；

(3)出示書證、物證(zheng)和視聽資(zi)料；

(4)宣讀(du)勘驗(yan)筆錄、現場筆錄；

(5)宣讀鑒定結論；

四、舉證、質(zhi)證、當事人(ren)辯(bian)論；

五、調(diao)解，裁(cai)決。