什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是指由(you)當事(shi)人(ren)選定或者仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會主任指定的(de)(de)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)組(zu)成的(de)(de)，對當事(shi)人(ren)申(shen)請仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件(jian)依仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)程序進行審理(li)并作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決的(de)(de)組(zu)織形式(shi)。按照《仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的(de)(de)規(gui)定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會受理(li)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件(jian)后，應(ying)按程序組(zu)成仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭對案(an)件(jian)進行審理(li)和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決。因此，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是行使仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)權的(de)(de)主體。

2、在中國，根據(ju)仲裁(cai)法規(gui)規(gui)定，仲裁(cai)庭分為(wei)兩(liang)種：

（1）獨(du)任(ren)仲裁庭(ting)，由一名仲裁員承擔爭議案件的仲裁任(ren)務。

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（2）合議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，由雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人各自選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)一名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第三名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人共(gong)同(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)或共(gong)同(tong)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)指定(ding)(ding)。第三名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。三人組成仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，承擔(dan)爭(zheng)(zheng)議(yi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)；或者(zhe)由雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人共(gong)同(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，由首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)二名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，擔(dan)負爭(zheng)(zheng)議(yi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)。合議(yi)庭(ting)(ting)實行(xing)(xing)民主集(ji)中制，少數(shu)(shu)(shu)服從多數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)原則，故合議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)的(de)組成人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)是單(dan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)審(shen)理案(an)件(jian)(jian)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)公開進(jin)行(xing)(xing)，經審(shen)理作出的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決，應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)庭(ting)(ting)向當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人宣讀，向當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決書。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)完成一案(an)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)后(hou)即解(jie)散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲裁(cai)庭(ting)由仲裁(cai)員組(zu)成，仲裁(cai)員的(de)產(chan)生是根據當(dang)事人(ren)的(de)意(yi)愿而定的(de)，決定仲裁(cai)員的(de)產(chan)生方式(shi)是當(dang)事人(ren)的(de)一項權利。仲裁(cai)員的(de)產(chan)生主要有以下方式(shi)：

(一)當事人約(yue)(yue)定(ding)了仲(zhong)裁庭的組(zu)成(cheng)方式，此時有兩種情況(kuang)(kuang)。第一種情況(kuang)(kuang)是當事人約(yue)(yue)定(ding)由三(san)名仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)組(zu)成(cheng)仲(zhong)裁庭，仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)的產生方式有兩種：

（1）是由(you)雙方當(dang)事人(ren)各自選定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員或(huo)者(zhe)各自委(wei)(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員會主任(ren)(ren)(ren)指(zhi)定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員由(you)雙方當(dang)事人(ren)共同選定；二(er)是由(you)雙方當(dang)事人(ren)各自選定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，或(huo)者(zhe)各自委(wei)(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員會主任(ren)(ren)(ren)指(zhi)定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員由(you)當(dang)事人(ren)共同委(wei)(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員會的主任(ren)(ren)(ren)指(zhi)定。這(zhe)兩(liang)種類型中，第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員是首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員。

（2）第(di)二種情況(kuang)是當(dang)事人約(yue)定(ding)由一名(ming)仲裁員成(cheng)立仲裁庭的，應當(dang)由當(dang)事人共(gong)同(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)或者(zhe)委托仲裁委員會主(zhu)任指定(ding)仲裁員。

(二(er)) 當事人沒有(you)在(zai)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規則規定(ding)的(de)(de)期限(xian)內(nei)(nei)約定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組成(cheng)方式，由仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員會主任(ren)決(jue)定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組成(cheng)方式；當事人雖然(ran)在(zai)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規則規定(ding)的(de)(de)期限(xian)內(nei)(nei)約定(ding)了仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組成(cheng)方式但沒有(you)選定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員的(de)(de)，由仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員會的(de)(de)主任(ren)指定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲裁委員會應(ying)當在(zai)仲裁規則規定的期(qi)限(xian)內將開(kai)庭(ting)日期(qi)通知雙方當事人

二、開(kai)庭仲裁(cai)，由首席仲裁(cai)員或(huo)者獨任仲裁(cai)員宣布開(kai)庭

隨后，首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員或者獨任仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員核對當(dang)事人(ren)，宣布(bu)案由，宣布(bu)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭組成人(ren)員和(he)記(ji)錄人(ren)員名單，告知當(dang)事人(ren)有關的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)權利義務，詢問當(dang)事人(ren)是否(fou)提出回(hui)避申請。

三、開庭調查

(1)當(dang)事人陳述；

(2)告(gao)知證(zheng)人(ren)的(de)權利義務，證(zheng)人(ren)作(zuo)證(zheng)，宣(xuan)讀未到庭的(de)證(zheng)人(ren)證(zheng)言；

(3)出示書(shu)證、物(wu)證和視聽資料；

(4)宣讀勘驗筆錄、現場筆錄；

(5)宣讀鑒(jian)定(ding)結(jie)論；

四、舉證、質(zhi)證、當(dang)事人辯論；

五、調(diao)解，裁(cai)決。