什么是仲裁庭

1、仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)是指由當事(shi)人選定(ding)或者仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會主任指定(ding)的仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)組成的，對當事(shi)人申請仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件(jian)(jian)依仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)程序進行審理并(bing)作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)的組織形式(shi)。按(an)照《仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的規定(ding)，仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會受(shou)理仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件(jian)(jian)后，應按(an)程序組成仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)對案(an)件(jian)(jian)進行審理和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)。因此，仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)是行使仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)權的主體。

2、在中國(guo)，根據仲裁法規規定，仲裁庭分為兩(liang)種(zhong)：

（1）獨任仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭，由(you)一名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員承擔爭議案件的仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)任務。

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（2）合議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，由(you)(you)雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)各自選(xuan)定(ding)一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，第(di)三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員由(you)(you)雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)共同選(xuan)定(ding)或共同委托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員會指定(ding)。第(di)三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員是首(shou)席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員。三人(ren)組成仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，承擔爭議案(an)件(jian)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)；或者(zhe)由(you)(you)雙方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)共同選(xuan)定(ding)首(shou)席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，由(you)(you)首(shou)席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員選(xuan)定(ding)二名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，擔負爭議案(an)件(jian)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)。合議庭(ting)實行(xing)民主集(ji)中制，少(shao)數(shu)服從多(duo)數(shu)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，故合議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的(de)(de)組成人(ren)員應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)是單數(shu)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)審理案(an)件(jian)應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)公開進行(xing)，經(jing)審理作出的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決，應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)庭(ting)向(xiang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)宣讀，向(xiang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決書。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)完成一案(an)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)后即解散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)裁庭由仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)組(zu)成(cheng)，仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生是根據當事人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)意愿而定的(de)(de)(de)，決定仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生方(fang)式是當事人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)一項權(quan)利。仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生主要有以下方(fang)式：

(一)當事(shi)人約定了仲裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的組成方(fang)式(shi)，此時(shi)有(you)(you)兩種(zhong)情(qing)況。第(di)一種(zhong)情(qing)況是(shi)當事(shi)人約定由三名仲裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)組成仲裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，仲裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)的產生方(fang)式(shi)有(you)(you)兩種(zhong)：

（1）是由雙方當(dang)事(shi)人各自選定一(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)者各自委(wei)(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任指(zhi)定一(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第(di)(di)三名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由雙方當(dang)事(shi)人共(gong)同(tong)選定；二是由雙方當(dang)事(shi)人各自選定一(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，或(huo)者各自委(wei)(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任指(zhi)定一(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第(di)(di)三名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由當(dang)事(shi)人共(gong)同(tong)委(wei)(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會的主(zhu)任指(zhi)定。這兩種類(lei)型中，第(di)(di)三名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是首席仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

（2）第二種情況是(shi)當事(shi)人(ren)約(yue)定(ding)由一名仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)成(cheng)立(li)仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭的，應當由當事(shi)人(ren)共同選定(ding)或(huo)者委托仲(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)會主任(ren)指(zhi)定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)。

(二) 當事人沒(mei)有在(zai)(zai)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規則(ze)規定(ding)的(de)期限(xian)內(nei)約(yue)定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式(shi)，由仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會主任(ren)決定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式(shi)；當事人雖然在(zai)(zai)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規則(ze)規定(ding)的(de)期限(xian)內(nei)約(yue)定(ding)了仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式(shi)但(dan)沒(mei)有選定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員的(de)，由仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會的(de)主任(ren)指(zhi)定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲裁(cai)委員會應當(dang)在仲裁(cai)規則規定的期限(xian)內將開(kai)庭日期通(tong)知雙(shuang)方當(dang)事(shi)人

二、開庭(ting)仲(zhong)裁(cai)，由(you)首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)或者獨(du)任仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)宣布開庭(ting)

隨后，首席仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員或者獨任仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員核(he)對當事人(ren)，宣布案(an)由，宣布仲(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)組(zu)成(cheng)人(ren)員和記(ji)錄人(ren)員名單，告知當事人(ren)有關的仲(zhong)(zhong)裁權利(li)義務，詢(xun)問當事人(ren)是(shi)否(fou)提(ti)出回避申請。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事人(ren)陳述；

(2)告知證(zheng)(zheng)人的(de)權利義務，證(zheng)(zheng)人作(zuo)證(zheng)(zheng)，宣讀(du)未到庭的(de)證(zheng)(zheng)人證(zheng)(zheng)言；

(3)出示書證、物證和(he)視聽(ting)資(zi)料(liao)；

(4)宣讀勘(kan)驗筆(bi)(bi)錄、現場(chang)筆(bi)(bi)錄；

(5)宣讀鑒(jian)定結論；

四、舉(ju)證(zheng)、質證(zheng)、當事人(ren)辯論；

五、調解，裁(cai)決。