什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是指由當(dang)事人(ren)選定或者仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會主任指定的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)組(zu)成的，對當(dang)事人(ren)申請仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案件依仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)程(cheng)序(xu)進(jin)行(xing)審(shen)理(li)(li)并作(zuo)出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決的組(zu)織形式。按照《仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的規定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會受理(li)(li)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案件后，應按程(cheng)序(xu)組(zu)成仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭對案件進(jin)行(xing)審(shen)理(li)(li)和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決。因(yin)此，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是行(xing)使仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)權的主體。

2、在中國，根據仲裁法規規定，仲裁庭分為兩種：

（1）獨任仲裁庭，由一名(ming)仲裁員承(cheng)擔爭議案件的仲裁任務。

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（2）合議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，由(you)(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方當(dang)事人(ren)各自選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員由(you)(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方當(dang)事人(ren)共(gong)同(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)或共(gong)同(tong)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員會(hui)指(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。第三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員是(shi)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員。三人(ren)組(zu)成仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，承擔爭議(yi)案(an)件的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)任務(wu)；或者由(you)(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方當(dang)事人(ren)共(gong)同(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員，由(you)(you)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員，擔負(fu)爭議(yi)案(an)件的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)任務(wu)。合議(yi)庭(ting)實行民主集(ji)中制，少數服從多數的(de)原則，故合議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的(de)組(zu)成人(ren)員應(ying)當(dang)是(shi)單數。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)審理案(an)件應(ying)當(dang)公開進行，經審理作(zuo)出的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)決(jue)，應(ying)當(dang)庭(ting)向當(dang)事人(ren)宣讀，向當(dang)事人(ren)送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)決(jue)書。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)完成一(yi)案(an)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)任務(wu)后即(ji)解散(san)。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)由仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)組成(cheng)，仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)(de)產生是(shi)根據(ju)當事(shi)人的(de)(de)意愿(yuan)而定(ding)的(de)(de)，決定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)(de)產生方式是(shi)當事(shi)人的(de)(de)一(yi)項(xiang)權(quan)利。仲(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)(de)產生主要有以下方式：

(一(yi))當事(shi)人約(yue)定(ding)了(le)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭的(de)組成方式，此時有兩種(zhong)情(qing)況。第一種(zhong)情(qing)況是當事(shi)人約(yue)定(ding)由三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)組成仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭，仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)的(de)產(chan)生(sheng)方式有兩種(zhong)：

（1）是(shi)(shi)由(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事(shi)人各自(zi)選定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名(ming)(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)或者(zhe)各自(zi)委(wei)(wei)托仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會主任(ren)指定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名(ming)(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第三名(ming)(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事(shi)人共(gong)同選定(ding)(ding)(ding)；二是(shi)(shi)由(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事(shi)人各自(zi)選定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名(ming)(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，或者(zhe)各自(zi)委(wei)(wei)托仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會主任(ren)指定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名(ming)(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第三名(ming)(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由(you)當(dang)事(shi)人共(gong)同委(wei)(wei)托仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會的主任(ren)指定(ding)(ding)(ding)。這(zhe)兩種類型中，第三名(ming)(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)(shi)首席仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。

（2）第(di)二種情況是當事人(ren)約定由一(yi)名仲裁員成立仲裁庭的，應(ying)當由當事人(ren)共(gong)同選定或者委(wei)托仲裁委(wei)員會主(zhu)任指定仲裁員。

(二) 當(dang)事人(ren)沒(mei)有(you)在仲(zhong)裁(cai)規則(ze)規定(ding)(ding)的(de)期(qi)限(xian)內約(yue)定(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)的(de)組成(cheng)方式(shi)，由仲(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)主任決(jue)定(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)的(de)組成(cheng)方式(shi)；當(dang)事人(ren)雖(sui)然在仲(zhong)裁(cai)規則(ze)規定(ding)(ding)的(de)期(qi)限(xian)內約(yue)定(ding)(ding)了仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)的(de)組成(cheng)方式(shi)但沒(mei)有(you)選定(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)的(de)，由仲(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)的(de)主任指定(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲裁委員(yuan)會應當(dang)在(zai)仲裁規則(ze)規定的期(qi)限內將開庭日期(qi)通(tong)知雙(shuang)方當(dang)事人(ren)

二、開庭(ting)仲(zhong)裁(cai)，由(you)首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)或者(zhe)獨任仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)宣布開庭(ting)

隨(sui)后(hou)，首席仲裁(cai)(cai)員或者獨任仲裁(cai)(cai)員核對當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)，宣布案(an)由，宣布仲裁(cai)(cai)庭組成人(ren)員和記錄人(ren)員名單(dan)，告知(zhi)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)有關的仲裁(cai)(cai)權利義(yi)務，詢問當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)是否提(ti)出回(hui)避申(shen)請。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事人陳述；

(2)告知證人(ren)的權利義務，證人(ren)作(zuo)證，宣(xuan)讀(du)未到(dao)庭(ting)的證人(ren)證言；

(3)出示書證、物證和(he)視聽資料；

(4)宣讀勘驗筆(bi)錄、現場筆(bi)錄；

(5)宣讀鑒定結論(lun)；

四(si)、舉證、質證、當(dang)事(shi)人辯論(lun)；

五、調解(jie)，裁決。