什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是指(zhi)由當事人選定(ding)或者(zhe)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會(hui)主任指(zhi)定(ding)的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)組成(cheng)的，對(dui)當事人申請仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件依仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)程(cheng)序(xu)進行審(shen)理(li)并作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)的組織形式(shi)。按(an)(an)照(zhao)《仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的規(gui)定(ding)，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會(hui)受(shou)理(li)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件后，應按(an)(an)程(cheng)序(xu)組成(cheng)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭對(dui)案(an)件進行審(shen)理(li)和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)。因(yin)此，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是行使(shi)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)權的主體。

2、在中國(guo)，根(gen)據仲裁法規規定，仲裁庭分(fen)為(wei)兩種：

（1）獨(du)任仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)，由一名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員承擔爭議案(an)件的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)任務。

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（2）合(he)(he)議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，由(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)各自選(xuan)定一名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第(di)三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)共同選(xuan)定或(huo)共同委(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會指定。第(di)三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。三人(ren)(ren)組成(cheng)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，承(cheng)擔爭(zheng)議(yi)案件(jian)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任務；或(huo)者由(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)共同選(xuan)定首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，由(you)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)選(xuan)定二名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，擔負爭(zheng)議(yi)案件(jian)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任務。合(he)(he)議(yi)庭(ting)(ting)實(shi)行民主集中(zhong)制，少數(shu)服從多數(shu)的(de)(de)原則，故合(he)(he)議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)的(de)(de)組成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應當(dang)(dang)是(shi)單數(shu)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)審理(li)案件(jian)應當(dang)(dang)公(gong)開進行，經審理(li)作(zuo)出(chu)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決，應當(dang)(dang)庭(ting)(ting)向(xiang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)宣讀(du)，向(xiang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決書(shu)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)完成(cheng)一案的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任務后即(ji)解散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲裁庭(ting)由仲裁員(yuan)(yuan)組成，仲裁員(yuan)(yuan)的產(chan)生(sheng)是(shi)根(gen)據(ju)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人的意(yi)愿而定的，決定仲裁員(yuan)(yuan)的產(chan)生(sheng)方式是(shi)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人的一項權(quan)利。仲裁員(yuan)(yuan)的產(chan)生(sheng)主要有以下方式：

(一)當事人約(yue)定了仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭的(de)組(zu)成方式(shi)，此(ci)時有兩種情況。第一種情況是當事人約(yue)定由三名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員組(zu)成仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭，仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員的(de)產生方式(shi)有兩種：

（1）是由雙方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)各(ge)自(zi)選定(ding)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)者各(ge)自(zi)委(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)指定(ding)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由雙方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)共(gong)同選定(ding)；二是由雙方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)各(ge)自(zi)選定(ding)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，或(huo)者各(ge)自(zi)委(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)指定(ding)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由當(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)共(gong)同委(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會的主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)指定(ding)。這兩(liang)種類型中，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

（2）第二種情況(kuang)是當(dang)事人約定(ding)(ding)由一名(ming)仲裁(cai)(cai)員成(cheng)立(li)仲裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)，應當(dang)由當(dang)事人共同選定(ding)(ding)或(huo)者委(wei)托仲裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會主任(ren)指定(ding)(ding)仲裁(cai)(cai)員。

(二) 當事人沒有在仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規(gui)則規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)期限內約定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)式(shi)，由仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)會主任(ren)決定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)式(shi)；當事人雖然在仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規(gui)則規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)期限內約定(ding)了仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)式(shi)但沒有選定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)，由仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)會的(de)(de)主任(ren)指定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲裁委員會應當在仲裁規則規定的期(qi)限(xian)內將開(kai)庭日(ri)期(qi)通(tong)知雙方當事(shi)人

二、開庭仲(zhong)裁(cai)，由首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)員或(huo)者獨任仲(zhong)裁(cai)員宣布開庭

隨后，首席仲裁員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或者(zhe)獨任仲裁員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)核對當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)，宣布(bu)案(an)由，宣布(bu)仲裁庭組(zu)成人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和記錄(lu)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)名(ming)單，告(gao)知(zhi)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)有關的(de)仲裁權利義務，詢問(wen)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)是否提出(chu)回避申請。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事人陳述；

(2)告知證人(ren)(ren)的權(quan)利義(yi)務，證人(ren)(ren)作證，宣讀(du)未到庭的證人(ren)(ren)證言(yan)；

(3)出示書證、物證和視聽資(zi)料；

(4)宣讀勘驗筆錄、現場筆錄；

(5)宣讀鑒定(ding)結論；

四(si)、舉(ju)證、質證、當事人辯論；

五、調解，裁決。