什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)是指由當(dang)事人選(xuan)定或者仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)委員會主任指定的(de)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)，對當(dang)事人申請仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件依仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)程序進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)審理(li)并作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)的(de)組(zu)織形式。按(an)照《仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的(de)規(gui)定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)委員會受(shou)理(li)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件后，應按(an)程序組(zu)成(cheng)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)對案(an)件進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)審理(li)和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)。因此，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)是行(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)權的(de)主體(ti)。

2、在中國，根據仲(zhong)裁法規規定，仲(zhong)裁庭分為(wei)兩種：

（1）獨任仲裁(cai)庭，由一(yi)名(ming)仲裁(cai)員承擔爭議案件的(de)仲裁(cai)任務。

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（2）合議仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，由(you)雙方當(dang)事人各自(zi)選(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)一名(ming)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)由(you)雙方當(dang)事人共同(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)或(huo)共同(tong)委(wei)托仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)會指定(ding)(ding)。第三名(ming)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)是首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)。三人組成(cheng)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，承擔(dan)爭(zheng)議案(an)(an)件的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)；或(huo)者(zhe)由(you)雙方當(dang)事人共同(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)，由(you)首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)選(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)二名(ming)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)，擔(dan)負爭(zheng)議案(an)(an)件的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)。合議庭(ting)(ting)實行民(min)主(zhu)集(ji)中制(zhi)，少數(shu)服從多數(shu)的原則(ze)，故合議仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)的組成(cheng)人員(yuan)應當(dang)是單數(shu)。仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)審理案(an)(an)件應當(dang)公(gong)開(kai)進行，經審理作出的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)(jue)，應當(dang)庭(ting)(ting)向(xiang)當(dang)事人宣讀(du)，向(xiang)當(dang)事人送達仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)(jue)書(shu)。仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)完成(cheng)一案(an)(an)的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)后(hou)即解散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭由仲(zhong)裁(cai)員組成，仲(zhong)裁(cai)員的(de)(de)產生是根據(ju)當(dang)事人(ren)的(de)(de)意愿而定的(de)(de)，決定仲(zhong)裁(cai)員的(de)(de)產生方式是當(dang)事人(ren)的(de)(de)一項(xiang)權利(li)。仲(zhong)裁(cai)員的(de)(de)產生主(zhu)要有以下方式：

(一)當(dang)事人約(yue)定(ding)了(le)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)的(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)(fang)式，此(ci)時有(you)兩(liang)種情(qing)況。第(di)一種情(qing)況是(shi)當(dang)事人約(yue)定(ding)由三名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)組成(cheng)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁庭(ting)，仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)產生方(fang)(fang)式有(you)兩(liang)種：

（1）是(shi)(shi)由雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人各(ge)(ge)自選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)者(zhe)各(ge)(ge)自委(wei)(wei)托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)任指(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第(di)三(san)名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人共同(tong)(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)；二(er)是(shi)(shi)由雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人各(ge)(ge)自選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，或(huo)者(zhe)各(ge)(ge)自委(wei)(wei)托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)任指(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第(di)三(san)名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由當(dang)事人共同(tong)(tong)委(wei)(wei)托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)的主(zhu)(zhu)任指(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。這兩種類型中，第(di)三(san)名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)(shi)首席仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。

（2）第二種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)是當(dang)事人約定(ding)由(you)(you)一(yi)名仲裁(cai)(cai)員成(cheng)立仲裁(cai)(cai)庭的，應當(dang)由(you)(you)當(dang)事人共同選定(ding)或者委托仲裁(cai)(cai)委員會主(zhu)任(ren)指(zhi)定(ding)仲裁(cai)(cai)員。

(二) 當(dang)事人(ren)沒有(you)在(zai)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規(gui)則(ze)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)期(qi)限(xian)內(nei)約(yue)定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組成方式(shi)，由(you)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會主任(ren)決(jue)定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組成方式(shi)；當(dang)事人(ren)雖然在(zai)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規(gui)則(ze)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)期(qi)限(xian)內(nei)約(yue)定(ding)了仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組成方式(shi)但(dan)沒有(you)選定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)的(de)(de)，由(you)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會的(de)(de)主任(ren)指(zhi)定(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一(yi)、仲裁(cai)委員會(hui)應當(dang)(dang)在(zai)仲裁(cai)規(gui)則規(gui)定(ding)的期限內(nei)將開庭日期通知(zhi)雙方當(dang)(dang)事人

二(er)、開庭仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)，由首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員或(huo)者獨任仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員宣布開庭

隨后，首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)或者獨(du)任(ren)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)核對當事人(ren)(ren)(ren)，宣(xuan)布(bu)案(an)由，宣(xuan)布(bu)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)組成人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)和記錄人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)名單(dan)，告知當事人(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)關的仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)權利(li)義務(wu)，詢問當事人(ren)(ren)(ren)是否提出回避申請。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事人(ren)陳述；

(2)告知(zhi)證(zheng)人(ren)的權利義務，證(zheng)人(ren)作證(zheng)，宣讀未(wei)到庭的證(zheng)人(ren)證(zheng)言(yan)；

(3)出(chu)示書證、物證和視聽資(zi)料(liao)；

(4)宣讀勘驗(yan)筆錄、現(xian)場筆錄；

(5)宣讀鑒(jian)定結論；

四(si)、舉證、質證、當事人辯(bian)論(lun)；

五(wu)、調解，裁決(jue)。