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一.產品介紹

油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)又名胡麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，屬(shu)于亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)科(ke)（Linaceae）、亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)屬(shu)（Linum）、普通亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，學名（Linum usitatissimum L），是(shi)(shi)一(yi)年生草本(ben)植物。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)料作(zuo)物，在全國(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)料作(zuo)物中位(wei)(wei)于油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜、花生、大(da)(da)豆之(zhi)后居(ju)第4位(wei)(wei)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子含油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)38～48％。前蘇聯曾育出含油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)達(da)50.9％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)味(wei)道香美，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)良好，是(shi)(shi)很(hen)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，其(qi)突出特點是(shi)(shi)含有豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)飽和(he)(he)脂肪酸(suan)(suan)，能被(bei)人體(ti)充分吸(xi)收，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)因其(qi)具(ju)有用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途廣，價(jia)值高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，故(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)世界(jie)各(ge)國(guo)廣泛利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)原(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)料作(zuo)物。 固(gu)原(yuan)市(shi)原(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)位(wei)(wei)于我國(guo)黃土(tu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)原(yuan)西(xi)部(bu)，六(liu)盤山東(dong)麓，東(dong)鄰甘(gan)肅省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環縣、鎮原(yuan)縣；南接甘(gan)肅省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)涼市(shi)和(he)(he)寧(ning)夏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涇源、隆德兩縣；西(xi)與(yu)西(xi)吉、海(hai)原(yuan)兩縣接壤；北(bei)與(yu)同(tong)心(xin)縣相連(lian)。地(di)(di)跨東(dong)經(jing)105°58′-106°30′，北(bei)緯35°34′-36°38′。現有可耕(geng)地(di)(di)面積155.47萬畝。本(ben)區(qu)屬(shu)溫帶半干旱氣(qi)候，海(hai)拔高(gao)(gao)(gao)度1470-2920米，年平(ping)均氣(qi)溫5.7℃-7.5℃，≥10℃積溫2160℃-2560℃，無(wu)霜期135-160天，光(guang)照(zhao)時數2400-2600小時。年降雨量(liang)350-600mm，海(hai)拔高(gao)(gao)(gao)，光(guang)照(zhao)充足，沒有工(gong)礦企(qi)業(ye)污染，土(tu)壤以(yi)黑(hei)壚土(tu)、淺黑(hei)壚土(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主，有機質(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，富含鉀素，PH值為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7.8；灌(guan)溉水主要以(yi)天然(ran)降水主為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，地(di)(di)下水補充灌(guan)溉為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)輔；農(nong)(nong)民因生產(chan)(chan)資(zi)料緊缺，化肥(fei)和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)藥施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)少，施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)都是(shi)(shi)經(jing)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫發酵腐熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)害肥(fei)料，農(nong)(nong)田(tian)生態系統(tong)無(wu)化學污染，毒害性物質(zhi)(zhi)積累殘留(liu)量(liang)極少，生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)具(ju)備(bei)綠色無(wu)“污染”優勢，是(shi)(shi)理想(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)生產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)。 油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)適宜溫和(he)(he)涼爽(shuang)、濕(shi)潤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)候。生育期間(jian)光(guang)照(zhao)強有利分枝，增加(jia)蒴果和(he)(he)促(cu)進早熟。據(ju)研究，生產(chan)(chan)50㎏油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)籽實大(da)(da)約從土(tu)壤中吸(xi)收氮素3.13㎏，磷素0.91㎏，鉀素2.12㎏，氮、磷、鉀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)收比例為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3：1：2。 油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)原(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)主要優勢特色農(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積逐年加(jia)大(da)(da)。近年來，引進寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)17號、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)10號、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)11號、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)16號等(deng)優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，建立健全了油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)產(chan)(chan)、供、銷(xiao)生產(chan)(chan)體(ti)系，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)出油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)率高(gao)(gao)(gao)達(da)45%，由于亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)富含亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)酸(suan)(suan)16.7%，a—亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)酸(suan)(suan)40—60%，含有人體(ti)必需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氨基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)、維生素A、E、B1和(he)(he)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微量(liang)元素及膳食纖(xian)維等(deng)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)脫(tuo)色、脫(tuo)酸(suan)(suan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)優良，市(shi)場價(jia)格(ge)居(ju)高(gao)(gao)(gao)不(bu)下，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)遠(yuan)銷(xiao)山西(xi)、陜(shan)西(xi)、新疆(jiang)等(deng)地(di)(di)。2008年，“原(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”獲得農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)地(di)(di)理標志(zhi)認定(ding)，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植基(ji)地(di)(di)被(bei)認定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)公害產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)已通過農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)無(wu)公害農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)認證。2014年原(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)創建了全國(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)綠色食品(pin)原(yuan)料生產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)。

二.自然生態(tai)環境(jing)和(he)人文歷史因(yin)素(su)

1、土壤(rang)地(di)(di)貌情況(kuang)：地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌類型復(fu)雜多樣，土壤(rang)以黑壚土、湘黃(huang)土為(wei)主，pH7.8左右，土壤(rang)有機(ji)質含(han)量1.0-1.5%，全(quan)氮含(han)量0.021-0.111%，全(quan)磷含(han)量0.10-0.215%全(quan)鉀含(han)量2.19-2.53%。

2、水文情況：原(yuan)州區境內河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)主要有(you)清水河(he)，是黃(huang)河(he)的一條(tiao)支流(liu)(liu)(liu)，發(fa)源于原(yuan)州區開城(cheng)(cheng)鎮黑刺溝(gou)腦，由南向北流(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)原(yuan)州區、三(san)營等城(cheng)(cheng)鎮，到七營鎮的高崖出境，經(jing)同(tong)心、中(zhong)寧入黃(huang)河(he)。清水河(he)上游開城(cheng)(cheng)至固(gu)原(yuan)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)一帶(dai)，河(he)水礦化度為(wei)0.7克/升屬(shu)淡水，三(san)營為(wei)2.6克/升，七營為(wei)6克/升。

3、氣(qi)候情(qing)況：本(ben)區(qu)屬溫帶半干旱氣(qi)候，海拔高(gao)度1470-2920米，年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫5.7℃-7.5℃，≥10℃積溫2160℃-2560℃，無(wu)霜(shuang)期135-160天(tian)，光照時數2400-2600小時。年降(jiang)雨量350-650mm，降(jiang)水受地(di)形影響，自(zi)南向北(bei)隨地(di)勢(shi)降(jiang)低而降(jiang)水逐漸減少，南北(bei)較差300mm。亞麻(ma)主產區(qu)主要分布在東部干旱區(qu)、北(bei)部川區(qu)。

4、人(ren)文歷史情況：原(yuan)(yuan)州區(qu)(qu)在古(gu)代(dai)曾為游牧區(qu)(qu)，明代(dai)中葉(xie)以后(hou)，由于戊(wu)邊、屯墾，人(ren)口(kou)增長較快耕(geng)墾日增。晚清以來，種(zhong)植(zhi)業迅速擴(kuo)大，畜牧業相(xiang)應縮小。原(yuan)(yuan)州區(qu)(qu)油(you)用(yong)亞(ya)(ya)麻種(zhong)植(zhi)已有近2000年的(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)歷史。油(you)用(yong)亞(ya)(ya)麻作為食用(yong)油(you)，以其(qi)品質優良，味香可口(kou)，深受(shou)西北(bei)、華北(bei)一(yi)帶(dai)人(ren)民的(de)喜愛。

三.地域范圍

固(gu)原市(shi)原州區位(wei)于我(wo)國黃土高(gao)原西(xi)部，六盤山東(dong)麓，東(dong)鄰甘(gan)肅(su)(su)省的(de)環縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、鎮原縣(xian)(xian)(xian)；南接(jie)甘(gan)肅(su)(su)省的(de)平(ping)涼市(shi)和寧夏的(de)涇源、隆德(de)兩(liang)(liang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)；西(xi)與(yu)西(xi)吉、海原兩(liang)(liang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)壤；北與(yu)同心縣(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)連。地跨東(dong)經105°58′-106°30′，北緯(wei)35°34′-36°38′。面(mian)積3505.9平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里，現有可耕(geng)地面(mian)積120666.7公(gong)(gong)頃，總生產(chan)面(mian)積6700公(gong)(gong)頃，總產(chan)量6000噸(dun)。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征

1、外(wai)在(zai)感(gan)官(guan)特征：油(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)：屬于亞(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)科(Linaceae)亞(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)屬(Linum)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)生或多年(nian)(nian)生草本(ben)植物。目前世界上大田生產栽(zai)培(pei)的約有(you)15個種(zhong)和亞(ya)(ya)種(zhong)。而(er)生產上栽(zai)培(pei)最為(wei)廣泛(fan)的為(wei)普通(tong)亞(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)栽(zai)培(pei)種(zhong)(Linum Usitatissimum) ，在(zai)普通(tong)亞(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)栽(zai)培(pei)種(zhong)里有(you)五個變(bian)種(zhong)類型(xing)(xing)具有(you)較廣泛(fan)的栽(zai)培(pei)價值。即：油(you)用(yong)(yong)型(xing)(xing)、油(you)纖兼用(yong)(yong)型(xing)(xing)、纖維用(yong)(yong)型(xing)(xing)、大粒種(zhong)型(xing)(xing)及(ji)半冬性(xing)多莖匍匐型(xing)(xing)，本(ben)區境內種(zhong)植油(you)用(yong)(yong)型(xing)(xing)亞(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)，主(zhu)栽(zai)品種(zhong)有(you)寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)17號、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)10號、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)11號、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)16號等(deng)。在(zai)我區旱(han)塬地帶、北(bei)部川水區大面積(ji)種(zhong)植，是本(ben)區主(zhu)要油(you)料作物之一(yi)。亞(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)籽呈扁平(ping)卵形，表(biao)面亮澤，有(you)黃(huang)、白、棕、褐等(deng)色。

2、內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標：油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)子和(he)(he)纖(xian)維(wei)有(you)(you)(you)很高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟價值(zhi)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)副產(chan)品(pin)也有(you)(you)(you)很多用(yong)(yong)途。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)種(zhong)子含(han)(han)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)率一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)35-40%，最高(gao)(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)達(da)45%以上(shang)(shang)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)品(pin)質(zhi)優(you)良，味香可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)口，是(shi)(shi)西(xi)北、華北一(yi)(yi)帶人(ren)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要食(shi)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you) 用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)含(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)較多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)飽和(he)(he)脂肪酸(suan)(suan)，碘值(zhi)很高(gao)(gao)，與空(kong)氣接(jie)觸容易氧化而干(gan)燥，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)性油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，在油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)漆(qi)、油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨、涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、皮革、橡膠(jiao)等工業有(you)(you)(you)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)途。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)種(zhong)皮內含(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)6-10%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)膠(jiao)，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘合劑，在制革、食(shi)品(pin)加工、醫藥及國防上(shang)(shang)應用(yong)(yong)廣泛。 油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)是(shi)(shi)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)人(ren)們(men)生(sheng)活和(he)(he)健康水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)資源(yuan)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)品(pin)位(wei)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，其中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)酸(suan)(suan)16.7%，a-亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)酸(suan)(suan)40-60%，還含(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)體必須的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)18種(zhong)氨基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)、三種(zhong)維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)（A、E、B1）和(he)(he)8種(zhong)微量(liang)元素(su)以及膳食(shi)纖(xian)維(wei)等，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)籽(zi)榨(zha)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)后餅(bing)粕(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛋白質(zhi)含(han)(han)量(liang)達(da)33.3%，脂肪含(han)(han)量(liang)達(da)8.6%，無氮浸(jin)出(chu)物31.7%，纖(xian)維(wei)素(su)7.8%，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)作為(wei)牲畜(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，也是(shi)(shi)加工配(pei)合飼料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)餅(bing)粕(po)含(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)氮、磷、鉀三種(zhong)營養成(cheng)(cheng)份，經過漚制發(fa)酵(jiao)，是(shi)(shi)農(nong)作物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)機肥料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。 油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、纖(xian)兼用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)品(pin)種(zhong)，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)稈可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)生(sheng)產(chan)纖(xian)維(wei)，一(yi)(yi)般出(chu)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)率為(wei)12-15%。加工纖(xian)維(wei)時剩下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)屑，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以壓制纖(xian)維(wei)板，代替木料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。剩下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)稈和(he)(he)亂麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，是(shi)(shi)造(zao)紙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)脫粒后剩下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果殼(ke)和(he)(he)秕粒，俗(su)稱“油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)衣”，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)作豬飼料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。 油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)起保(bao)健功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)效成(cheng)(cheng)分是(shi)(shi)a-亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)酸(suan)(suan)，它在油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)籽(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脂肪酸(suan)(suan)組成(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)約占45%。研究(jiu)證明a-亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)酸(suan)(suan)在人(ren)體肝臟中(zhong)，在脫飽和(he)(he)酶和(he)(he)鏈延長酶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下，能(neng)夠(gou)生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)二十(shi)(shi)碳五烯(xi)酸(suan)(suan)((EPA) 和(he)(he)二十(shi)(shi)二碳六烯(xi)酸(suan)(suan)(DHA)，這 就是(shi)(shi)說a-亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)酸(suan)(suan)既(ji)是(shi)(shi)ω3型(xing)脂肪酸(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)員之一(yi)(yi)，又是(shi)(shi)ω3型(xing)脂肪酸(suan)(suan)其它兩個成(cheng)(cheng)員EPA和(he)(he)DHA的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)母(mu)體。因此(ci)，人(ren)體缺乏ω3型(xing)脂肪酸(suan)(suan)，既(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以直接(jie)補充EPA和(he)(he)DHA，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以通過食(shi)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)來獲得。

3、安全要(yao)求：本(ben)著(zhu)“預防(fang)為主(zhu)，綜(zong)合(he)(he)防(fang)治(zhi)”的(de)原則，綜(zong)合(he)(he)的(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)物(wu)理、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業、生物(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)措施，盡(jin)量避免使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)學農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，堅決杜絕高毒、高殘(can)(can)留(liu)化(hua)(hua)學農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)注意品(pin)種(zhong)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時間、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)對(dui)象及(ji)安全間隔(ge)(ge)期，以保證化(hua)(hua)學農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)不(bu)超標。選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)全國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)技中(zhong)心推薦的(de)在無(wu)公害(hai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)品(pin)種(zhong)。科學合(he)(he)理的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)學農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，嚴格控制農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)(can)留(liu)不(bu)超標和嚴格控制農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)安全使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)間隔(ge)(ge)期。對(dui)本(ben)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)采取分點、分戶抽驗(yan)的(de)辦法， 將被(bei)抽檢的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑料袋包裝運送到有資(zi)質的(de)質檢部門，按照NY 5306-2005《無(wu)公害(hai)食品(pin) 食用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)植物(wu)油》檢驗(yan)標準(zhun)進行檢測。產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環境符合(he)(he)《無(wu)公害(hai)食品(pin) 產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環境評價準(zhun)則》（NY/T5295-2004）標準(zhun)和《無(wu)公害(hai)食品(pin)　蔬菜產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環境條件》（NY/T5010-2002）的(de)標準(zhun)。

五(wu).特定生產方式

1、產地(di)選(xuan)擇：應(ying)選(xuan)前(qian)茬地(di)為小麥、豆(dou)類或蔬菜(cai)地(di)種(zhong)植，忌選(xuan)薯(shu)茬。輪作年限3年以上。入(ru)選(xuan)田塊前(qian)作收后要適時深耕，熟化土(tu)壤，白露及(ji)時收耱(mo)，冬春打碾保墑(di)，為播種(zhong)出(chu)苗創造良好(hao)的土(tu)壤條件。

2、品種選擇：旱地有寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)10號(hao)、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)14號(hao)；水地有寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)17號(hao)、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)11號(hao)、寧(ning)亞(ya)(ya)16號(hao)和隴亞(ya)(ya)8號(hao)。

3、生產(chan)過程管(guan)理，包(bao)括農業(ye)投入品方面的特殊使用(yong)規定：適時(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)：種(zhong)植時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)每(mei)年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)清(qing)明前后(hou)。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)方法(fa)水地(di)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)機播(bo)(bo)，臺地(di)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)耬播(bo)(bo)。播(bo)(bo)量為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：水地(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)150-225公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，旱地(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)60-75公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。 田間(jian)管(guan)理： ①保全(quan)苗(miao)(miao)：在(zai)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)時(shi)(shi)要求精細整地(di)，土壤表層(ceng)上(shang)(shang)虛下實(shi)(shi)。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)后(hou)在(zai)土壤不粘結(jie)時(shi)(shi)進行(xing)鎮壓一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)，墑情(qing)差(cha)時(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)后(hou)應(ying)(ying)立即鎮壓一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)，這對出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)有十分重要的作(zuo)用(yong)。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)后(hou)遇雨，幼苗(miao)(miao)尚未(wei)出(chu)(chu)土，土層(ceng)形(xing)成板結(jie)層(ceng)，要及時(shi)(shi)用(yong)釘耙(pa)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)橫(heng)向破除，防止幼苗(miao)(miao)窩黃不出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)。 ②中耕(geng)鋤草：確保土壤濕度良好(hao)和田間(jian)清(qing)潔(jie)無雜草。苗(miao)(miao)高(gao)6-9cm進行(xing)第(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)鋤草；苗(miao)(miao)高(gao)12-15cm進行(xing)第(di)二(er)次(ci)(ci)鋤草。 ③肥(fei)(fei)水管(guan)理：亞麻(ma)出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)后(hou)30天（5月(yue)(yue)20日(ri)左右）進行(xing)第(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)灌水，結(jie)合灌水追施(shi)(shi)尿素(su)75-150公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)；孕(yun)蕾期（5月(yue)(yue)下旬-6月(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬）進行(xing)第(di)二(er)次(ci)(ci)灌水，特別(bie)干旱時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)子粒形(xing)成期灌第(di)三水。旱地(di)在(zai)此期間(jian)看下雨狀況追施(shi)(shi)尿素(su)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)60公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。 合理施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)： 施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)方法(fa)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)基肥(fei)(fei)、追肥(fei)(fei)相結(jie)合，以無機促有機，以肥(fei)(fei)治(zhi)薄(bo)，以肥(fei)(fei)調水，增施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)料是胡麻(ma)均(jun)衡增產(chan)的關鍵性措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。在(zai)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)方法(fa)上(shang)(shang)以秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)料為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。一(yi)(yi)般旱地(di)秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)農家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)每(mei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)15000公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，碳銨255公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，普磷(lin)240公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)；水地(di)秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)農家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)每(mei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)45000公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，普磷(lin)402公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，碳銨426公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。在(zai)未(wei)秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)的田塊應(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)先施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)后(hou)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)的方法(fa)。 病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防治(zhi)： 我區常見的病(bing)害(hai)主(zhu)要是枯萎病(bing)、立枯病(bing)。蟲(chong)害(hai)有黑絨金龜(gui)甲。農事操作(zuo)防治(zhi)一(yi)(yi)般采(cai)(cai)用(yong)輪作(zuo)倒茬3年(nian)以上(shang)(shang)、深(shen)耕(geng)翻(fan)曬(shai)、拔除田間(jian)病(bing)株、選(xuan)用(yong)抗(kang)病(bing)品種(zhong)等農業(ye)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。

4、及時(shi)收(shou)獲(huo)：當亞麻上部葉(xie)片黃萎(wei)，下部葉(xie)片脫落，莖稈和75%蒴果變黃色(se)，種子變硬(ying)時(shi)即可收(shou)獲(huo)。過(guo)早(zao)成熟(shu)不夠影響產量；過(guo)晚蒴果易爆裂，且種皮(pi)變厚，降低(di)出油率。

5、生產記錄(lu)要求(qiu)：真實、準確記錄(lu)油用亞(ya)麻從選地到收獲的生產全過程。

六.包裝(zhuang)標識相關(guan)規定

1、分級：一級：含油(you)(you)(you)量（以(yi)標(biao)準(zhun)水、雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)計）36.0%，水分9.0，雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)3.0，色澤，氣味正(zheng)(zheng)常。二(er)級：含油(you)(you)(you)量（以(yi)標(biao)準(zhun)水、雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)計）35.0%，水分9.0，雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)4.0，色澤，氣味正(zheng)(zheng)常。 三級：含油(you)(you)(you)量（以(yi)標(biao)準(zhun)水、雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)計）34.0%，水分9.0，雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)5.0，色澤，氣味正(zheng)(zheng)常。

2、包(bao)裝(zhuang)：包(bao)裝(zhuang)使用麻袋時(shi)應符合 GB8115要求。每一(yi)包(bao)裝(zhuang)件(jian)必須是同一(yi)品(pin)種、同一(yi)品(pin)質、同等級的。包(bao)裝(zhuang)容器應符合衛生要求，清(qing)潔干(gan)燥，無毒(du)、無異味(wei)。保證適(shi)合運輸和儲(chu)存。

3、標識(shi)：符合農產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標志(zhi)標注規定。還(huan)應在包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)外部印刷(shua)、粘(zhan)貼或吊(diao)掛商品標志(zhi)，標志(zhi)應清晰、不(bu)易(yi)脫落(luo)或褪色。商品標志(zhi)應注明以下內容： ——農產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標志(zhi)名稱、品種； ——產(chan)(chan)地(di)、生產(chan)(chan)者名稱、地(di)址、商標； ——包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)規格(ge)、凈重、等級(ji)； ——包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)日期、質檢人(ren)代號。

4、儲(chu)藏：亞麻籽的儲(chu)存按照(zhao)中華人民共和國原商業部《糧油儲(chu)藏技術(shu)規范》的規定執(zhi)行(xing)。

5、運輸：亞麻籽(zi)的運輸按照中華人民(min)共和(he)國原商業(ye)部糧油(you)運輸中《關(guan)(guan)于執行(xing)國家糧油(you)標準有關(guan)(guan)問題》的規定執行(xing)。運輸工(gong)具應清潔衛生(sheng)，有防(fang)雨和(he)通風設施。