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一.產品介紹

河(he)(he)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)歷史悠久，建(jian)國(guo)前在農(nong)(nong)村(cun)中(zhong)曾經零星(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)染(ran)(ran)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)，可(ke)作(zuo)染(ran)(ran)料染(ran)(ran)土布(bu)，食(shi)用(yong)(yong)甚少。由(you)于化學工(gong)業(ye)的發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，染(ran)(ran)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)逐漸絕跡，被食(shi)用(yong)(yong)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)代替(ti)。7O年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代前，河(he)(he)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)地(di)(di)區的向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)在屋(wu)前屋(wu)后(hou)、地(di)(di)邊地(di)(di)堰等(deng)零星(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。1972年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)(er)市(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)研所(suo)利(li)用(yong)(yong)重鹽堿(jian)地(di)(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)47畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)98.2公斤(jin)(jin)，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)杭(hang)錦后(hou)旗(qi)四(si)支公社新永大(da)隊、紅星(xing)公社紅星(xing)二隊也在重鹽堿(jian)地(di)(di)上(shang)(shang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)1700畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)75公斤(jin)(jin)，1973年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，內蒙農(nong)(nong)研所(suo)在臨河(he)(he)區狼(lang)山公社迎勝(sheng)三隊利(li)用(yong)(yong)多(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)棄耕地(di)(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)100畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)65公斤(jin)(jin)。巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)(er)市(shi)(shi)河(he)(he)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)灌區從(cong)1972年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開始(shi)大(da)片種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，1973-1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，臨河(he)(he)杭(hang)后(hou)兩區縣共種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1.8萬畝(mu)(全市(shi)(shi)2.96萬畝(mu))。1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全市(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)34900畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)51公斤(jin)(jin)，總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1785000公斤(jin)(jin)。1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，隨著農(nong)(nong)村(cun)經濟政(zheng)策的落實，河(he)(he)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)得到(dao)迅猛發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，由(you)單(dan)(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)90000畝(mu)，套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)80000畝(mu)，共170000畝(mu)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)河(he)(he)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)猛增到(dao)620000畝(mu)，其中(zhong)專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)307500畝(mu)，總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)47737000公斤(jin)(jin)。為提高單(dan)(dan)位面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量，在單(dan)(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的基礎上(shang)(shang)，逐步擴大(da)糧(liang)油草套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(小麥套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花、葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)草木樨)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)。使農(nong)(nong)民(min)增加了收入(ru)，培(pei)肥了地(di)(di)力。到(dao)1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全市(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)達674800畝(mu)，其中(zhong)專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)318000畝(mu)，套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)356800畝(mu)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)1158000畝(mu)，套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)與專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)大(da)體相等(deng)，平均(jun)單(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1615000公斤(jin)(jin)，總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)186960000公斤(jin)(jin)。七十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代中(zhong)期開始(shi)，農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部門組織有關單(dan)(dan)位大(da)力開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)河(he)(he)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，積(ji)(ji)極培(pei)育、引(yin)進(jin)、推廣油葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)優良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，擴大(da)油葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)，加強科技推廣，改進(jin)耕作(zuo)條件，增加物質投入(ru)，使向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)水平和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能力不斷提高，地(di)(di)方品牌不斷出現(xian).“河(he)(he)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)三道(dao)眉(mei)”、“星(xing)火(huo)花葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)”，上(shang)(shang)世(shi)紀九十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代譽滿全國(guo).進(jin)入(ru)國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)(shi)場。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)是巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)(er)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)之一，目(mu)前，巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)(er)市(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2400000畝(mu)，平均(jun)畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)250公斤(jin)(jin)，其產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值(zhi)占種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值(zhi)的1/3，對增加農(nong)(nong)民(min)收入(ru)起到(dao)主導作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，并使我(wo)市(shi)(shi)成為國(guo)內外眾多(duo)(duo)(duo)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花加工(gong)企業(ye)的大(da)型原料區域。

二.自然生(sheng)態環境和人文歷(li)史因(yin)素(su)

1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情(qing)況：以(yi)(yi)陰(yin)山為(wei)界大體可分為(wei)三(san)大區域：陰(yin)山以(yi)(yi)北是(shi)以(yi)(yi)荒漠半荒漠為(wei)主的(de)烏拉特草(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)，中部為(wei)陰(yin)山山地(di)，陰(yin)山南麓至黃河(he)北岸(an)為(wei)河(he)套平原(yuan)(yuan)，河(he)套平原(yuan)(yuan)地(di)勢(shi)平坦、土(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚，土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)較(jiao)好(hao)，有黃河(he)灌溉之(zhi)利(li)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型(xing)主要(yao)有灌淤(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、鹽土(tu)(tu)(tu)、風沙(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、堿土(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)新積土(tu)(tu)(tu)。灌區的(de)主要(yao)耕(geng)作土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)是(shi)灌淤(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，其表(biao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)為(wei)壤(rang)質(zhi)灌淤(yu)層(ceng)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)肥沃，耕(geng)地(di)性(xing)良(liang)(liang)好(hao)。pH值在7.5-8.0之(zhi)間，有機質(zhi)含量高(gao)，微量元素豐富(fu)(fu)，塿土(tu)(tu)(tu)含有豐富(fu)(fu)的(de)有機質(zhi)，具有良(liang)(liang)好(hao)團粒(li)結構，上層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)宜(yi)保(bao)苗，下層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)宜(yi)營(ying)養共給，非常適宜(yi)向日葵的(de)生長(chang)發育。 

2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況：巴彥淖爾市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)充沛，灌溉(gai)便利(li)。黃(huang)河流(liu)經河套(tao)平原(yuan)345公(gong)(gong)里，年徑(jing)流(liu)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)315億立方米。河套(tao)灌區(qu)由(you)黃(huang)河三盛公(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)樞紐(niu)自流(liu)引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)灌溉(gai)，每年引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)40-50億立方米，是(shi)亞洲最(zui)大(da)的一(yi)首制自流(liu)引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)灌區(qu)，也是(shi)全國三大(da)灌區(qu)之一(yi)。灌區(qu)現已形成7級(ji)灌溉(gai)體(ti)系(xi)，各級(ji)渠道(dao)總(zong)長16800公(gong)(gong)里；有7級(ji)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)系(xi)，各級(ji)排溝總(zong)長12670公(gong)(gong)里，灌區(qu)農(nong)田全部實現了灌排配套(tao)。陰(yin)山以北季節性流(liu)域面積31000平方公(gong)(gong)里，多(duo)年平均徑(jing)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)1.1億立方米。地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量(liang)(liang)24.5億立方米，可開采量(liang)(liang)7.3億立方米，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)良好，礦物質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)豐富，無工業污染，為優質(zhi)(zhi)葵花生(sheng)產創造(zao)了得天(tian)獨厚的自然條件。 

3、氣(qi)候(hou)情況：巴彥(yan)淖爾市深(shen)居(ju)歐亞(ya)板塊內陸，屬(shu)典型溫帶大陸性氣(qi)候(hou)。全年日(ri)照時(shi)數3210.8-3305.8小時(shi)，太陽輻射總量(liang)每平(ping)(ping)方厘(li)米146-152千卡；年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫6.1-7.6℃日(ri)，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)溫差(cha)13-14℃；無(wu)霜期127-135天，≥10℃的(de)積溫2876-3221℃；年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降水量(liang)180毫米，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)蒸發量(liang)2200毫米。

三.地域范圍

巴(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)市(shi)(shi)地處祖國北(bei)部(bu)邊疆，位于內蒙古自治(zhi)區西(xi)部(bu)，東(dong)與包頭市(shi)(shi)、烏蘭(lan)察布市(shi)(shi)為鄰，西(xi)與阿拉善盟(meng)、烏海市(shi)(shi)連，南隔黃河(he)與鄂爾(er)多斯市(shi)(shi)相(xiang)望，北(bei)與蒙古人民共(gong)和國接壤，東(dong)西(xi)長(chang)278千(qian)米，南北(bei)寬(kuan)238千(qian)米。海拔(ba)在(zai)1000～1800米之間。地理(li)坐標在(zai)東(dong)經105°12’至109°53’，北(bei)緯40°13’至42°28’之間。全市(shi)(shi)總(zong)面(mian)積65551平方公(gong)里(li)。河(he)套向日葵農產品(pin)地理(li)標志地域保護(hu)范圍是(shi)巴(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)市(shi)(shi)所轄(xia)的(de)7個(ge)旗縣區、40個(ge)蘇(su)木鄉鎮(zhen)、601個(ge)嘎喳村。總(zong)生(sheng)產面(mian)積133333.33公(gong)頃，年總(zong)產量440000噸。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征

1、外形感官特征：河套向日(ri)葵(kui)植株莖桿高大、粗(cu)壯、根系發達，抗(kang)倒、耐(nai)水、耐(nai)肥。籽粒大、圓滑、光亮，色澤統一、飽(bao)滿性好，空(kong)殼少(shao)、產量(liang)高。 

2、內在品(pin)質特性(xing)：河(he)套向日(ri)葵(kui)籽(zi)仁(ren)，脂(zhi)肪含(han)量41.2g/100g，油(you)酸(suan)含(han)量6.06g/100g，亞油(you)酸(suan)含(han)量8.38g/100g，葵(kui)花籽(zi)仁(ren)口(kou)(kou)感純香，香脆可口(kou)(kou)，不油(you)膩(ni)。用其壓榨出的葵(kui)花籽(zi)油(you)，營養豐富，富含(han)亞油(you)酸(suan)，有健康油(you)、延(yan)壽油(you)之稱，遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高于(yu)市面上(shang)的菜籽(zi)油(you)、粟米油(you)、大豆油(you)的含(han)量，是上(shang)等(deng)油(you)脂(zhi)。有補虛損，降(jiang)血(xue)脂(zhi)，降(jiang)血(xue)壓、保護血(xue)管彈(dan)性(xing)、抗(kang)癌之功(gong)效。