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一.產品介紹

河(he)(he)(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歷史悠(you)久(jiu)，建(jian)國前在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)中(zhong)曾(ceng)經零(ling)星(xing)(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)染葵(kui)，可(ke)作染料染土布，食用(yong)甚(shen)少。由于化學工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，染葵(kui)逐(zhu)(zhu)漸絕跡，被食用(yong)葵(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所代替(ti)。7O年(nian)代前，河(he)(he)(he)套(tao)地(di)(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)多(duo)在(zai)屋前屋后、地(di)(di)(di)邊地(di)(di)(di)堰等零(ling)星(xing)(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。1972年(nian)，巴(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)市(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)研所利用(yong)重鹽堿(jian)地(di)(di)(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)47畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)98.2公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，同年(nian)杭(hang)錦后旗四支(zhi)公(gong)(gong)社新永大隊、紅星(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)社紅星(xing)(xing)(xing)二隊也在(zai)重鹽堿(jian)地(di)(di)(di)上種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1700畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)75公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，1973年(nian)，內蒙農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)研所在(zai)臨河(he)(he)(he)區狼山公(gong)(gong)社迎勝三(san)隊利用(yong)多(duo)年(nian)棄耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)100畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)65公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。巴(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)市(shi)(shi)(shi)河(he)(he)(he)套(tao)灌(guan)區從1972年(nian)開始大片種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，1973-1974年(nian)，臨河(he)(he)(he)杭(hang)后兩區縣(xian)共種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1.8萬畝(mu)(全市(shi)(shi)(shi)2.96萬畝(mu))。1975年(nian)，全市(shi)(shi)(shi)發展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)34900畝(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)51公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)1785000公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。1978年(nian)，隨著農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)經濟政策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)落實，河(he)(he)(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)得到(dao)(dao)迅猛發展(zhan)，由單(dan)(dan)(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1979年(nian)專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)90000畝(mu)，套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)80000畝(mu)，共170000畝(mu)。1980年(nian)河(he)(he)(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)猛增(zeng)到(dao)(dao)620000畝(mu)，其中(zhong)專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)307500畝(mu)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)47737000公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。為提高單(dan)(dan)(dan)位面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量，在(zai)單(dan)(dan)(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上，逐(zhu)(zhu)步擴大糧(liang)油草套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(小麥(mai)套(tao)葵(kui)花(hua)(hua)、葵(kui)花(hua)(hua)套(tao)草木(mu)樨)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)。使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民增(zeng)加了收(shou)入(ru)(ru)，培(pei)肥(fei)了地(di)(di)(di)力(li)。到(dao)(dao)1981年(nian)，全市(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)達674800畝(mu)，其中(zhong)專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)318000畝(mu)，套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)356800畝(mu)。1985年(nian)發展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)1158000畝(mu)，套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)與專種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)大體相等，平(ping)均單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)1615000公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)186960000公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。七十年(nian)代中(zhong)期開始，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)門(men)組織有關單(dan)(dan)(dan)位大力(li)開發河(he)(he)(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)，積(ji)(ji)極培(pei)育、引進、推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)油葵(kui)優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，擴大油葵(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)，加強科技(ji)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)，改進耕(geng)作條件，增(zeng)加物質投入(ru)(ru)，使向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)水平(ping)和生產(chan)(chan)(chan)能力(li)不(bu)斷提高，地(di)(di)(di)方品(pin)牌不(bu)斷出現.“河(he)(he)(he)套(tao)三(san)道眉”、“星(xing)(xing)(xing)火花(hua)(hua)葵(kui)”，上世紀九十年(nian)代譽滿全國.進入(ru)(ru)國際市(shi)(shi)(shi)場。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)是巴(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)之一，目前，巴(ba)彥(yan)淖(nao)爾(er)市(shi)(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2400000畝(mu)，平(ping)均畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)250公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，其產(chan)(chan)(chan)值占種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)值的(de)(de)(de)1/3，對增(zeng)加農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民收(shou)入(ru)(ru)起到(dao)(dao)主導作用(yong)，并使我(wo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)成(cheng)為國內外眾多(duo)葵(kui)花(hua)(hua)加工企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)大型原料區域(yu)。

二.自然生態環境和(he)人文歷史因(yin)素(su)

1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情況：以陰山為(wei)界大體可分為(wei)三大區域(yu)：陰山以北是以荒漠(mo)半荒漠(mo)為(wei)主的烏拉特草原，中部為(wei)陰山山地(di)，陰山南麓至黃河(he)北岸為(wei)河(he)套平原，河(he)套平原地(di)勢平坦(tan)、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)較好，有(you)(you)黃河(he)灌(guan)溉之利。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型主要有(you)(you)灌(guan)淤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、鹽土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、風沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、堿土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)新積土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。灌(guan)區的主要耕作土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)是灌(guan)淤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，其表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)為(wei)壤(rang)質(zhi)(zhi)灌(guan)淤層(ceng)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)肥(fei)沃(wo)，耕地(di)性良好。pH值在7.5-8.0之間，有(you)(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)高，微量(liang)元(yuan)素豐富(fu)，塿(lou)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)含(han)有(you)(you)豐富(fu)的有(you)(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)，具有(you)(you)良好團粒結構(gou)，上層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)宜(yi)(yi)保苗，下層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)宜(yi)(yi)營養共給，非常(chang)適宜(yi)(yi)向日葵的生(sheng)長發育。 

2、水(shui)(shui)文情況：巴彥(yan)淖爾市水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)充沛，灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉便利。黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)流(liu)經河(he)(he)套平(ping)原(yuan)345公(gong)(gong)里(li)，年(nian)徑流(liu)總(zong)(zong)量(liang)315億(yi)立(li)方米。河(he)(he)套灌(guan)(guan)(guan)區由黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)三盛(sheng)公(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)利樞紐自流(liu)引(yin)水(shui)(shui)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉，每年(nian)引(yin)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)40-50億(yi)立(li)方米，是(shi)亞洲最大的(de)一首制自流(liu)引(yin)水(shui)(shui)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)區，也(ye)是(shi)全國三大灌(guan)(guan)(guan)區之一。灌(guan)(guan)(guan)區現(xian)(xian)已形(xing)成7級灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉體系，各級渠道總(zong)(zong)長(chang)(chang)16800公(gong)(gong)里(li)；有7級排(pai)水(shui)(shui)體系，各級排(pai)溝總(zong)(zong)長(chang)(chang)12670公(gong)(gong)里(li)，灌(guan)(guan)(guan)區農田全部(bu)實現(xian)(xian)了灌(guan)(guan)(guan)排(pai)配套。陰山(shan)以(yi)北季節(jie)性流(liu)域面積31000平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里(li)，多年(nian)平(ping)均徑流(liu)量(liang)1.1億(yi)立(li)方米。地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量(liang)24.5億(yi)立(li)方米，可開采量(liang)7.3億(yi)立(li)方米，水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)良好，礦物質(zhi)含量(liang)豐(feng)富(fu)，無(wu)工業污染(ran)，為(wei)優質(zhi)葵花生產創造(zao)了得天獨厚的(de)自然條(tiao)件。 

3、氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況：巴彥淖爾市深居歐亞板塊內陸(lu)，屬典(dian)型溫帶大陸(lu)性氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)。全年(nian)日(ri)照時數3210.8-3305.8小時，太(tai)陽輻射總量每平(ping)方厘米146-152千卡；年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫6.1-7.6℃日(ri)，平(ping)均(jun)溫差13-14℃；無霜期127-135天，≥10℃的積溫2876-3221℃；年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)水量180毫米，平(ping)均(jun)蒸(zheng)發量2200毫米。

三.地域范圍

巴彥淖爾市(shi)(shi)地處祖國北部邊疆，位于內蒙古自治區(qu)(qu)西部，東(dong)與(yu)(yu)包頭市(shi)(shi)、烏(wu)(wu)蘭察(cha)布市(shi)(shi)為鄰，西與(yu)(yu)阿拉善盟、烏(wu)(wu)海(hai)市(shi)(shi)連，南隔(ge)黃河與(yu)(yu)鄂爾多(duo)斯市(shi)(shi)相望，北與(yu)(yu)蒙古人民共和國接壤(rang)，東(dong)西長278千(qian)米，南北寬238千(qian)米。海(hai)拔在1000～1800米之間。地理(li)坐標(biao)在東(dong)經(jing)105°12’至(zhi)109°53’，北緯(wei)40°13’至(zhi)42°28’之間。全市(shi)(shi)總面(mian)積(ji)65551平方公里。河套向日葵農產品地理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)地域(yu)保(bao)護范圍(wei)是巴彥淖爾市(shi)(shi)所轄的7個(ge)(ge)旗縣區(qu)(qu)、40個(ge)(ge)蘇(su)木鄉鎮、601個(ge)(ge)嘎(ga)喳村。總生產面(mian)積(ji)133333.33公頃，年總產量440000噸(dun)。

四(si).產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征

1、外形感(gan)官特征：河(he)套向日葵植株莖桿高大、粗壯、根系發達，抗倒、耐水、耐肥。籽粒大、圓滑(hua)、光亮，色澤(ze)統一、飽滿性(xing)好，空殼少(shao)、產量(liang)高。 

2、內在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)特性(xing)(xing)：河套(tao)向(xiang)日(ri)葵籽仁，脂肪含(han)(han)量41.2g/100g，油酸(suan)(suan)含(han)(han)量6.06g/100g，亞(ya)油酸(suan)(suan)含(han)(han)量8.38g/100g，葵花(hua)籽仁口感純香(xiang)(xiang)，香(xiang)(xiang)脆可口，不油膩(ni)。用其(qi)壓榨出的葵花(hua)籽油，營(ying)養豐富，富含(han)(han)亞(ya)油酸(suan)(suan)，有健康油、延壽油之稱，遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高(gao)于市面上的菜籽油、粟(su)米油、大豆油的含(han)(han)量，是(shi)上等油脂。有補虛損，降血脂，降血壓、保護血管彈性(xing)(xing)、抗癌之功(gong)效(xiao)。