一.產品介紹
嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)發展歷史(shi):嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)位于(yu)黑龍(long)江中下游,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質好,無污染,種(zhong)植水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)有得(de)天獨厚(hou)的(de)環(huan)境優勢。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)生于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),米融于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)熟期產(chan)區晝(zhou)夜溫差(cha)大(da)(da),使嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)大(da)(da)米芳香爽(shuang)口,是百姓餐桌上的(de)佳(jia)品(pin)。嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)發展水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)的(de)歷史(shi)很短,上世紀80年代初水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)開(kai)始(shi)試驗性生產(chan),但(dan)后來由于(yu)當地(di)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民種(zhong)植旱田(tian)(tian)習(xi)慣而沒有推廣開(kai)來。1999年縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政(zheng)府重新確定水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)生產(chan)計劃(hua),在紅光鄉燎源村(cun)(cun)引進鐵力(li)(li)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)生產(chan)戶進行(xing)示范性生產(chan)獲得(de)成(cheng)功。2001年縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政(zheng)府把綠(lv)色(se)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)確定為主導產(chan)業(ye)(ye)之一(yi),大(da)(da)力(li)(li)扶持和(he)壯大(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye),不斷加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she),滿足水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)(tian)灌溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)需要(yao)(yao),補貼(tie)建(jian)(jian)設(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)大(da)(da)棚,以基(ji)層農(nong)(nong)(nong)技推廣體系改革與建(jian)(jian)設(she)為重點,建(jian)(jian)立了縣(xian)、鄉、村(cun)(cun)三級農(nong)(nong)(nong)技推廣服務(wu)網絡,大(da)(da)力(li)(li)開(kai)展農(nong)(nong)(nong)民科技培(pei)訓,向農(nong)(nong)(nong)民推廣先(xian)進栽(zai)培(pei)技術和(he)優良品(pin)種(zhong),稻(dao)(dao)(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)基(ji)本掌握育(yu)(yu)苗、施(shi)肥、田(tian)(tian)間管理等主要(yao)(yao)技術環(huan)節,使水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)量、品(pin)質逐年提高。截止目前,全縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植面積(ji)達14000畝(mu),大(da)(da)棚育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)面積(ji)100%,優良品(pin)種(zhong)覆(fu)蓋率達到95%以上,近三年水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)平均畝(mu)產(chan)400公斤,取得(de)了良好的(de)社(she)會和(he)經濟效益(yi),袁隆平先(xian)生親自為嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植基(ji)地(di)題詞,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植成(cheng)為嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)種(zhong)植業(ye)(ye)的(de)三駕馬車之一(yi)。
二.自然生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)和(he)人文歷史因素(su)
1.土壤地貌情(qing)況(kuang):嘉蔭縣(xian)多為黑(hei)(hei)鈣土、沙壤土,pH值在6.5-7.5左右,土壤肥沃、耕性良好(hao),嘉蔭縣(xian)地勢(shi)走向西(xi)南高、東北低,小(xiao)興安嶺(ling)余脈(mo)呈雞(ji)爪狀(zhuang)向黑(hei)(hei)龍江邊延申,溝壑縱(zong)橫(heng)、丘陵起伏、漫崗平原相(xiang)間,西(xi)南部守虎山。
2.水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況:嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富,除黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)江流(liu)經本縣(xian)(xian)(xian)245公(gong)里之外,直接流(liu)入黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)江大小河流(liu)有(you)26條。以黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)江水(shui)(shui)(shui)、地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)為主(zhu)要水(shui)(shui)(shui)源,水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)分(fen)別達到(dao)地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)環境質(zhi)量GB3838的(de)一級標準(zhun)和生活飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)GB5749的(de)標準(zhun)。嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)(xian)(xian)是農業(ye)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)以種植業(ye)為主(zhu),沒(mei)有(you)大型工業(ye)污(wu)染企業(ye),幾(ji)乎沒(mei)有(you)污(wu)染,因(yin)此(ci),水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源保(bao)持(chi)良好。
3.氣(qi)候情(qing)況:嘉(jia)蔭(yin)縣地(di)處北溫(wen)帶季(ji)風大(da)陸氣(qi)候區,由(you)于(yu)地(di)勢和地(di)形的 變化,使嘉(jia)蔭(yin)縣氣(qi)候差(cha)異很大(da),致(zhi)可分為二(er)個小氣(qi)候區。一是位于(yu)小興(xing)嶺北 坡的青山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、滬嘉(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)西南(nan)部(bu)(bu)、常勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)西部(bu)(bu)、烏啦嘎鎮大(da)部(bu)(bu)、紅(hong)光鄉(xiang)(xiang)西部(bu)(bu)、保(bao)興(xing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)西南(nan)部(bu)(bu)屬山(shan)地(di)小氣(qi)候區。冬季(ji)漫長(chang)寒冷、夏季(ji)短(duan)促多雨(yu)(yu)。積(ji)溫(wen)10≥1600℃左(zuo)右,無(wu)霜期90天(tian)左(zuo)右、降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量530毫米左(zuo)右。二(er)是常勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)北部(bu)(bu)、烏云鎮、向陽(yang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、紅(hong)光鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)、朝陽(yang)鎮、保(bao)興(xing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)地(di)區。冬季(ji),西伯(bo)利亞(ya)寒流長(chang)驅(qu)直(zhi)入(ru),風大(da)、嚴(yan)寒、干燥。無(wu)霜期120左(zuo)右、降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量650毫米左(zuo)右。全(quan)縣平均無(wu)霜期115天(tian)、年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量588毫米,年(nian)(nian)日照時數2377小時。
4.人文歷史情況(kuang):據1992年(nian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志記(ji)載,嘉蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)業發展的歷史很短。解(jie)(jie)放(fang)前,采金工(gong)作用的糧(liang)食多(duo)數(shu)靠外進。1927年(nian)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)百多(duo)戶農(nong)民僅有(you)3000多(duo)畝耕地。解(jie)(jie)放(fang)后,農(nong)業生產發展迅速。耕地面(mian)積(ji)由1949年(nian)41700畝發展到(dao)1985年(nian)393000畝,到(dao)目前為(wei)止,嘉蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)耕地面(mian)積(ji)已(yi)達1316200畝。糧(liang)食主要作物(wu)是大豆、水稻(dao)等。
三.地域范圍
嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭水稻產(chan)地位于黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)省伊春市嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭縣(xian)(xian),縣(xian)(xian)所轄(xia)3鎮6鄉(xiang):烏(wu)云鎮、朝陽鎮、烏(wu)拉(la)嘎鎮、常勝(sheng)(sheng)鄉(xiang)、滬(hu)嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)、向陽鄉(xiang)、紅(hong)光鄉(xiang)、青山鄉(xiang)、保興(xing)鄉(xiang)。地理坐標為:東經129°09′-130°45′,北緯48°07′-49°25′,全縣(xian)(xian)平均海拔230米左(zuo)右。嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭縣(xian)(xian)北與(yu)俄(e)羅(luo)斯隔江(jiang)(jiang)相望,以(yi)黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)為界。西至常勝(sheng)(sheng)、滬(hu)嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)、青山分別與(yu)遜(xun)克(ke)縣(xian)(xian)、湯旺河(he)林(lin)區接(jie)壤,南至烏(wu)拉(la)嘎、保興(xing)與(yu)鶴崗(gang)、蘿北接(jie)壤,區域保護(hu)面(mian)積(ji)150000公頃(qing)。生產(chan)面(mian)積(ji)800公頃(qing),年總(zong)產(chan)量4800噸(dun)。
四.產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特性特征(zheng)
1.外在(zai)感官特征:水(shui)稻(dao)所生產(chan)的(de)大米,形狀縱長,長度(du)約為0.8mm左(zuo)右(you),寬度(du)為0.3mm左(zuo)右(you)白色顆粒。
2.內(nei)在品質指標:嘉蔭水稻生產的大米營養豐富,含蛋白質、糖類、鈣、磷(lin)、鐵、葡萄糖、果糖、麥芽糖、維(wei)生素(su)B1、維(wei)生素(su)B2等(deng)。
3.安(an)全(quan)要求:嘉蔭水(shui)稻嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照《嘉蔭縣無公害水(shui)稻生產(chan)操(cao)作技術規程(cheng)》NY 5115-2002進行操(cao)作,嚴(yan)格(ge)執行肥(fei)料使用的標準NY/T 496。嚴(yan)格(ge)執行農藥使用的標準GB 4285、GB/T 8321(所有(you)部分)。嚴(yan)格(ge)遵守《農產(chan)品質(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)法》規定。
五.特定生(sheng)產方式
1.產地選(xuan)(xuan)擇:在全縣各鄉鎮(zhen)選(xuan)(xuan)擇土壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)沃(wo)、耕(geng)性良好的土壤(rang)(rang),應符(fu)合(he)NY 5116-2002的規定。
2.品種(zhong)(zhong)選擇:選用通過(guo)國家(jia)或(huo)地方審定(ding)(ding)(ding)并在當地示范成功的(de)(de)優質、高產品種(zhong)(zhong)。種(zhong)(zhong)子質量(liang)應符合GB4404.1的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)。選用抗蟲、抗病性強的(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong),并注意定(ding)(ding)(ding)期更換(huan)。
3.生(sheng)產(chan)過程管理: 3.1.合理稀(xi)植(zhi) 直(zhi)播(bo)(bo)稻(dao)(dao):播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)量常(chang)規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi) 3kg-4kg,雜交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)2kg-2.5kg。提(ti)倡采用生(sheng)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)衣(yi)劑包衣(yi)的種(zhong)(zhong)子,以防(fang)地(di)下害蟲(chong)危害。要求(qiu)注意播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)量,確保(bao)全苗(miao)。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)出苗(miao)后應及時疏密補空(kong)。移(yi)栽(zai)稻(dao)(dao):早、晚稻(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)密度常(chang)規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)一(yi)般(ban)為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)2萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)3本(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben),雜交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi) 1.5萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-2.0萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)1本(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben);單(dan)季稻(dao)(dao)為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi) 1.2萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-1.7萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue)(xue),常(chang)規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)3本(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben),雜交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)1本(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben)。提(ti)倡寬行(xing)(xing)窄株或(huo)寬窄行(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi),移(yi)栽(zai)規(gui)格早、晚稻(dao)(dao)為25.0cm×13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×13.3cm-16.7cm,即行(xing)(xing)距25.0cm,株距13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)寬行(xing)(xing)33.3cm、窄行(xing)(xing)16.7cm、株距13.3cm-16.7cm;單(dan)降(jiang)稻(dao)(dao)為25cm-30cm×16.7cm或(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×16.7cm。超(chao)級(ji)稻(dao)(dao)優質(zhi)稻(dao)(dao)起畦超(chao)稀(xi)植(zhi)栽(zai)培,移(yi)栽(zai)規(gui)格33.3cm×20.0cm-25.0cm,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)0.8萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-1.0萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)2本(ben)(ben)。
3.2.平衡施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 有機、無機結合,氮(dan)、磷(lin)(lin)(lin)、鉀(jia)配合施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong):提倡測(ce)土配方施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),一(yi)般(ban)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)占(zhan)總施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量的(de)30%以上,氮(dan)∶磷(lin)(lin)(lin)∶鉀(jia)(N∶五氧(yang)化(hua)二磷(lin)(lin)(lin)∶氧(yang)化(hua)鉀(jia))一(yi)般(ban)為1∶0.5∶1。嚴格(ge)控制(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮(dan)和施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)總量:每667 平方米(mi)大田(tian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)總量為早、晚(wan)稻控制(zhi)在純(chun)氮(dan)(N)8 kg-12kg,磷(lin)(lin)(lin)(五氧(yang)化(hua)二磷(lin)(lin)(lin))4 kg-5kg,鉀(jia)(氧(yang)化(hua)鉀(jia))8 kg-12kg,單季稻控制(zhi)在純(chun)氮(dan)(N)12 kg-15 kg、磷(lin)(lin)(lin)(五氧(yang)化(hua)二磷(lin)(lin)(lin))6kg-7kg、鉀(jia)(氧(yang)化(hua)鉀(jia))12kg-15kg,施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硫酸鋅1kg-2kg。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方法:施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)足(zu)基(ji)面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),適施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分蘗(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和穗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。一(yi)般(ban)氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50%~70%作基(ji)面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),20%-30%作分蘗(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),10%-20%作穗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei);磷(lin)(lin)(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)全部作基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)基(ji)、蘗(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)各占(zhan)50%。也可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)次性全層施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),將專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)復(fu)配肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料在平田(tian)時(shi)一(yi)次性施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入耕(geng)作層土壤(rang),但(dan)在砂壤(rang)田(tian)不宜采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。
3.3.合(he)理灌(guan)溉(gai) 灌(guan)溉(gai)水(shui)質要求:應符合(he)NY 5116-2002的規定(ding)。灌(guan)溉(gai)方法:返(fan)青期(qi)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)淺(qian)水(shui)層,分蘗(bo)期(qi)濕(shi)潤灌(guan)溉(gai),苗數達到穗(sui)數的80%-90%時開(kai)始露田(tian)和(he)曬(shai)(shai)田(tian),采(cai)取多次輕曬(shai)(shai),以控制無效分蘗(bo),促進根系(xi)下扎生(sheng)長和(he)壯稈健株。穗(sui)分化(hua)后灌(guan)水(shui)并保(bao)持(chi)(chi)淺(qian)水(shui)層至抽穗(sui)揚(yang)花(hua)期(qi)。灌(guan)漿(jiang)成(cheng)熟期(qi)間歇灌(guan)溉(gai)、干濕(shi)交替。收獲前7天(tian)左右(you)斷水(shui)。
3.4.有害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)控治(zhi)技(ji)術 農(nong)業防治(zhi):選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗(kang)(kang)性強的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種。品(pin)種定(ding)期(qi)(qi)輪換,保持品(pin)種抗(kang)(kang)性,減(jian)輕(qing)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)合(he)(he)理(li)耕作(zuo)制度、輪作(zuo)換茬、種養(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)鴨、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)魚、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)蟹等(deng)(deng))結合(he)(he)、健身栽(zai)培(pei)等(deng)(deng)農(nong)藝措施(shi),減(jian)少有害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)防治(zhi):通(tong)過選擇對(dui)天(tian)敵(di)(di)(di)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)傷力(li)小的(de)(de)(de)中、低毒性代(dai)(dai)學農(nong)藥(yao),避開自(zi)然天(tian)敵(di)(di)(di)對(dui)農(nong)藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)敏感時期(qi)(qi),創造適宜自(zi)然天(tian)敵(di)(di)(di)繁殖(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)等(deng)(deng)措施(shi),保持天(tian)敵(di)(di)(di);利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)及釋放天(tian)敵(di)(di)(di)控制有害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)。物(wu)(wu)(wu)理(li)防治(zhi):采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)黑光(guang)燈、震頻式(shi)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)燈、色(se)光(guang)板等(deng)(deng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)理(li)裝置誘殺(sha)(sha)(sha)鱗(lin)翅(chi)目(mu)、同翅(chi)目(mu)害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防治(zhi)(病(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)):稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15790的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding),當(dang)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)中心病(bing)(bing)團出現時,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)三(san)(san)環唑(zuo)20g-25g或(huo)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)靈28g-40g噴(pen)(pen)霧防治(zhi)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)紋枯(ku)(ku)(ku)病(bing)(bing)依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15791的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding),在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)分蘗至孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi)、抽穗(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi),當(dang)分蘗期(qi)(qi)叢(cong)發病(bing)(bing)率(lv)在(zai)(zai)15%~20%、孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi)30%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上時,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗(gang)霉素10g-12.5g加水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧1-2次,低于(yu)此(ci)(ci)指標可以(yi)(yi)(yi)不施(shi)農(nong)藥(yao)。白葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)病(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)白葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)病(bing)(bing)常(chang)發區,于(yu)發病(bing)(bing)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)唑(zuo)30g-40g加水(shui)(shui)50 kg噴(pen)(pen)霧防治(zhi);尤其在(zai)(zai)大(da)風(feng)、暴雨、洪澇等(deng)(deng)災害(hai)(hai)之后,水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片受到損傷,應及時噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)上述藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji),防止(zhi)病(bing)(bing)情暴發。惡(e)苗病(bing)(bing)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗(kang)(kang)二硫氰基甲烷或(huo)咪鮮胺(an)溶液浸種。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)曲病(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)中、后期(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗(gang)霉素10g-12.5g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50 kg對(dui)穗(sui)(sui)部(bu)(bu)進行噴(pen)(pen)霧。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防治(zhi)(蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)):二化(hua)螟依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15792及NY/T 59的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding),在(zai)(zai)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)苗枯(ku)(ku)(ku)鞘高峰期(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)(shuang)36g-45g或(huo)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單(dan)45g-55g或(huo)三(san)(san)唑(zuo)磷20g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧,但蠶(can)桑養殖(zhi)地區不宜使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)(shuang)、殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單(dan)。三(san)(san)化(hua)螟根(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)蟲(chong)(chong)情預(yu)報,掌握(wo)在(zai)(zai)螟卵(luan)孵化(hua)初(chu)盛期(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)卵(luan)塊(kuai)(kuai)發生(sheng)(sheng)量在(zai)(zai)50塊(kuai)(kuai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)塊(kuai)(kuai)進行藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防治(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)種類同二化(hua)螟。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15794的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding),當(dang)百(bai)(bai)叢(cong)蟲(chong)(chong)量達1500頭-2000頭,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)噻嗪酮7g-10g或(huo)吡蟲(chong)(chong)啉(lin)1.5g-2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50 kg,針對(dui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株(zhu)中下(xia)部(bu)(bu)噴(pen)(pen)霧。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷葉(xie)(xie)(xie)螟依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15793的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding),掌握(wo)在(zai)(zai)主害(hai)(hai)代(dai)(dai)1、2齡(ling)幼蟲(chong)(chong)盛發期(qi)(qi)(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)初(chu)卷期(qi)(qi))。當(dang)分蘗期(qi)(qi)百(bai)(bai)叢(cong)幼蟲(chong)(chong)65頭-85頭、孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi)40頭-60頭以(yi)(yi)(yi)上時,進行藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防治(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)(shuang)、殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單(dan);此(ci)(ci)外,也可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)毒死蜱(pi)32g-40g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株(zhu)中、上部(bu)(bu)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)薊馬在(zai)(zai)苗期(qi)(qi)出現葉(xie)(xie)(xie)尖卷曲率(lv)在(zai)(zai)10%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上、百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蟲(chong)(chong)量300頭-500頭以(yi)(yi)(yi)上時,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)(shuang)27g-36g或(huo)丁(ding)硫克(ke)百(bai)(bai)威或(huo)吡蟲(chong)(chong)啉(lin)1.5g-2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧。雜(za)(za)草防治(zhi):秧田(tian)(tian)雜(za)(za)草于(yu)播種后0-10d,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)草丹乳(ru)油(you)100g-125g、禾草敵(di)(di)(di)乳(ru)油(you)96g-140g或(huo)丁(ding)草胺(an)30g或(huo)芐嘧磺隆(long)1.5g-2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)30kg噴(pen)(pen)霧。移栽(zai)前雜(za)(za)草在(zai)(zai)移栽(zai)前2d-10d,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)百(bai)(bai)草枯(ku)(ku)(ku)20g-40g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg細(xi)噴(pen)(pen)霧,殺(sha)(sha)(sha)滅田(tian)(tian)間(jian)雜(za)(za)草。本(ben)田(tian)(tian)雜(za)(za)草于(yu)移栽(zai)后5d-10d,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)禾草丹乳(ru)油(you)100g-125g或(huo)吡嘧磺隆(long)6.25g或(huo)田(tian)(tian)草光(guang)(芐嘧磺隆(long)與丁(ding)草胺(an)復配劑(ji)(ji)(ji))25g-30g拌化(hua)肥或(huo)細(xi)泥土30kg撒施(shi)。
4.產品收獲:實行無公(gong)害稻谷(gu)與普通稻谷(gu)分收、分曬。禁止在公(gong)路、瀝青路面及(ji)粉(fen)塵污(wu)染(ran)嚴重的地方脫(tuo)粒、曬谷(gu)。
5.生(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)錄:對(dui)嘉蔭水稻生(sheng)產(chan)的全(quan)過程,要建立田間生(sheng)產(chan)技術檔案(an),全(quan)面記(ji)載,以備查閱。
六.包裝標識相關規定
嘉(jia)蔭水稻(dao)收獲后(hou),脫(tuo)粒進行(xing)包裝,在(zai)運輸過(guo)程(cheng)中:運輸工具(ju)應清(qing)潔、干燥、有(you)(you)(you)防雨設施(shi)。嚴禁與(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)(you)腐蝕性(xing)、有(you)(you)(you)異味的(de)物品(pin)混運。在(zai)避光、常溫、干燥和(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)防潮設施(shi)的(de)地方貯(zhu)藏。貯(zhu)藏設施(shi)應清(qing)潔、干燥、通風、無蟲害和(he)(he)鼠(shu)害。嚴禁與(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)(you)腐蝕性(xing)、易發(fa)霉、發(fa)潮、有(you)(you)(you)異味的(de)物品(pin)混存。產品(pin)使用“嘉(jia)蔭水稻(dao)”農產品(pin)地理(li)標(biao)志。