一.產品介紹
嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)發(fa)展歷史(shi):嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)位于(yu)黑(hei)龍江中下游,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質好(hao),無污染,種(zhong)植(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)有(you)得天獨厚的(de)環境(jing)優勢。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),米(mi)融于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)產(chan)區晝夜溫差大(da),使(shi)嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)大(da)米(mi)芳香爽(shuang)口,是百(bai)姓餐桌上(shang)的(de)佳品(pin)。嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)發(fa)展水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)的(de)歷史(shi)很(hen)短,上(shang)世紀(ji)80年(nian)(nian)代初(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)開(kai)始試(shi)驗性生產(chan),但后來由(you)于(yu)當地(di)農民(min)種(zhong)植(zhi)旱田(tian)習慣而(er)沒有(you)推(tui)廣開(kai)來。1999年(nian)(nian)縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)政府重(zhong)新確定(ding)(ding)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生產(chan)計劃(hua),在(zai)紅光(guang)鄉燎源村引進(jin)鐵力市(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生產(chan)戶(hu)進(jin)行示范性生產(chan)獲得成(cheng)功(gong)。2001年(nian)(nian)縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)政府把(ba)綠色水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)確定(ding)(ding)為(wei)主導產(chan)業之(zhi)一,大(da)力扶持和(he)(he)壯大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)業,不斷(duan)加強農田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利建設(she)(she),滿足水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)灌溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)需(xu)要(yao),補貼(tie)建設(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)育(yu)秧大(da)棚,以(yi)基層農技(ji)推(tui)廣體系改革與建設(she)(she)為(wei)重(zhong)點,建立了縣(xian)(xian)、鄉、村三級農技(ji)推(tui)廣服務網絡,大(da)力開(kai)展農民(min)科技(ji)培(pei)訓(xun),向農民(min)推(tui)廣先進(jin)栽培(pei)技(ji)術(shu)和(he)(he)優良(liang)(liang)品(pin)種(zhong),稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)農基本掌握育(yu)苗、施肥、田(tian)間管理等(deng)主要(yao)技(ji)術(shu)環節,使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)量、品(pin)質逐(zhu)年(nian)(nian)提高(gao)。截止目前,全縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)達14000畝,大(da)棚育(yu)秧面(mian)(mian)積(ji)100%,優良(liang)(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)覆蓋率達到95%以(yi)上(shang),近三年(nian)(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)平均畝產(chan)400公(gong)斤,取得了良(liang)(liang)好(hao)的(de)社會(hui)和(he)(he)經濟效(xiao)益,袁隆平先生親自為(wei)嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)基地(di)題詞,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)成(cheng)為(wei)嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)種(zhong)植(zhi)業的(de)三駕(jia)馬車之(zhi)一。
二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素(su)
1.土壤地貌(mao)情況:嘉蔭縣多(duo)為黑鈣土、沙壤土,pH值在6.5-7.5左右,土壤肥(fei)沃、耕性良好,嘉蔭縣地勢走(zou)向(xiang)西(xi)南高、東北低,小興安嶺余(yu)脈(mo)呈雞爪狀向(xiang)黑龍江邊延(yan)申,溝(gou)壑縱橫、丘陵起伏、漫崗平原相間,西(xi)南部守虎山。
2.水(shui)(shui)文情況:嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)豐富,除黑(hei)(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)流經(jing)本縣(xian)245公里之外,直接(jie)流入黑(hei)(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)大小(xiao)河流有(you)26條。以黑(hei)(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)、地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)為主要(yao)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan),水(shui)(shui)質分別(bie)達到地(di)表水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境質量GB3838的(de)一(yi)級(ji)標準和生活飲用水(shui)(shui)GB5749的(de)標準。嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)是(shi)農(nong)業(ye)縣(xian)以種植(zhi)業(ye)為主,沒有(you)大型(xing)工業(ye)污染企業(ye),幾乎(hu)沒有(you)污染,因此,水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)保持(chi)良好。
3.氣候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況:嘉蔭(yin)縣地(di)處(chu)北(bei)(bei)溫帶季風(feng)(feng)大(da)陸(lu)氣候(hou)(hou)區(qu),由于地(di)勢(shi)和地(di)形的 變化(hua),使嘉蔭(yin)縣氣候(hou)(hou)差異很(hen)大(da),致可分為二個小(xiao)氣候(hou)(hou)區(qu)。一(yi)是(shi)位(wei)于小(xiao)興(xing)嶺北(bei)(bei) 坡的青山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、滬嘉鄉(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)南部(bu)(bu)、常勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)、烏啦嘎鎮(zhen)大(da)部(bu)(bu)、紅光鄉(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)、保興(xing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)南部(bu)(bu)屬山(shan)地(di)小(xiao)氣候(hou)(hou)區(qu)。冬(dong)季漫長寒(han)冷、夏季短促多雨。積溫10≥1600℃左右,無(wu)(wu)霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)90天左右、降雨量530毫(hao)米左右。二是(shi)常勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)、烏云鎮(zhen)、向陽鄉(xiang)(xiang)、紅光鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)、朝陽鎮(zhen)、保興(xing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)地(di)區(qu)。冬(dong)季,西(xi)(xi)伯利亞寒(han)流(liu)長驅直入,風(feng)(feng)大(da)、嚴(yan)寒(han)、干(gan)燥。無(wu)(wu)霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)120左右、降雨量650毫(hao)米左右。全縣平均(jun)無(wu)(wu)霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)115天、年降雨量588毫(hao)米,年日照時數2377小(xiao)時。
4.人(ren)文歷(li)史情(qing)況:據(ju)1992年縣(xian)志記載,嘉(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)農(nong)業(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)歷(li)史很短。解放前(qian),采(cai)金工(gong)作(zuo)用的(de)糧食(shi)多數靠外進。1927年全縣(xian)百多戶(hu)農(nong)民僅有3000多畝耕地。解放后,農(nong)業(ye)生產(chan)發展(zhan)迅(xun)速。耕地面積由(you)1949年41700畝發展(zhan)到(dao)1985年393000畝,到(dao)目前(qian)為(wei)止,嘉(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)耕地面積已(yi)達1316200畝。糧食(shi)主要作(zuo)物是大豆、水稻等(deng)。
三.地域范圍
嘉(jia)(jia)蔭水稻(dao)產地(di)位于黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)江省伊(yi)春市嘉(jia)(jia)蔭縣,縣所轄3鎮(zhen)6鄉(xiang)(xiang):烏云鎮(zhen)、朝陽(yang)鎮(zhen)、烏拉嘎鎮(zhen)、常勝(sheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、滬嘉(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、向(xiang)陽(yang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、紅光鄉(xiang)(xiang)、青山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)興鄉(xiang)(xiang)。地(di)理(li)坐標(biao)為(wei):東經(jing)129°09′-130°45′,北(bei)緯48°07′-49°25′,全縣平均海拔230米左右。嘉(jia)(jia)蔭縣北(bei)與俄羅斯隔江相望,以黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)江為(wei)界。西至常勝(sheng)、滬嘉(jia)(jia)、青山分別(bie)與遜克縣、湯(tang)旺河林區接壤(rang),南至烏拉嘎、保(bao)興與鶴崗(gang)、蘿北(bei)接壤(rang),區域保(bao)護面積150000公頃。生產面積800公頃,年總產量(liang)4800噸。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征
1.外(wai)在感(gan)官特征:水稻所生產的大米,形(xing)狀縱長,長度約為(wei)0.8mm左右,寬度為(wei)0.3mm左右白色(se)顆粒。
2.內在品質指標:嘉蔭(yin)水(shui)稻生產的大(da)米營(ying)養(yang)豐富(fu),含蛋白質、糖(tang)(tang)類、鈣、磷、鐵、葡(pu)萄糖(tang)(tang)、果糖(tang)(tang)、麥(mai)芽糖(tang)(tang)、維生素B1、維生素B2等。
3.安全要求:嘉蔭水稻(dao)嚴(yan)格(ge)按照《嘉蔭縣無公害水稻(dao)生產操作技術(shu)規程》NY 5115-2002進行(xing)操作,嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)肥(fei)料使(shi)用的標準NY/T 496。嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)農藥使(shi)用的標準GB 4285、GB/T 8321(所有部(bu)分(fen))。嚴(yan)格(ge)遵守《農產品質量安全法》規定。
五.特定生產方式
1.產(chan)地選(xuan)擇:在全縣各鄉鎮選(xuan)擇土(tu)壤肥沃(wo)、耕性良(liang)好的土(tu)壤,應(ying)符(fu)合NY 5116-2002的規定。
2.品(pin)(pin)種選(xuan)擇:選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)通過國家或地方審(shen)定并(bing)在當地示范成功的(de)優質、高產品(pin)(pin)種。種子質量應符合GB4404.1的(de)規(gui)定。選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)抗蟲、抗病(bing)性強(qiang)的(de)品(pin)(pin)種,并(bing)注意定期更換。
3.生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)管理: 3.1.合理稀植(zhi) 直播稻(dao)(dao)(dao):播種(zhong)量(liang)(liang)常規(gui)(gui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)米 3kg-4kg,雜(za)交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)2kg-2.5kg。提倡(chang)采用(yong)生(sheng)物種(zhong)衣劑包衣的種(zhong)子,以防地下害蟲危(wei)害。要求注(zhu)意播種(zhong)質量(liang)(liang),確(que)保全苗(miao)。播種(zhong)出苗(miao)后應及時疏密(mi)補(bu)空。移栽(zai)稻(dao)(dao)(dao):早(zao)、晚(wan)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)密(mi)度常規(gui)(gui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)一般為(wei)(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)米2萬(wan)穴(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)3本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben),雜(za)交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)米 1.5萬(wan)穴(xue)-2.0萬(wan)穴(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)1本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben);單(dan)季稻(dao)(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)方(fang)米 1.2萬(wan)穴(xue)-1.7萬(wan)穴(xue),常規(gui)(gui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)3本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben),雜(za)交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)1本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)。提倡(chang)寬(kuan)(kuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)窄株(zhu)(zhu)或寬(kuan)(kuan)窄行(xing)(xing)(xing)種(zhong)植(zhi),移栽(zai)規(gui)(gui)格早(zao)、晚(wan)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)25.0cm×13.3cm-16.7cm或(33.3cm+16.7cm)×13.3cm-16.7cm,即行(xing)(xing)(xing)距25.0cm,株(zhu)(zhu)距13.3cm-16.7cm或寬(kuan)(kuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)33.3cm、窄行(xing)(xing)(xing)16.7cm、株(zhu)(zhu)距13.3cm-16.7cm;單(dan)降稻(dao)(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)25cm-30cm×16.7cm或(33.3cm+16.7cm)×16.7cm。超級(ji)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)優質稻(dao)(dao)(dao)起畦超稀植(zhi)栽(zai)培,移栽(zai)規(gui)(gui)格33.3cm×20.0cm-25.0cm,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)米0.8萬(wan)穴(xue)-1.0萬(wan)穴(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)2本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)。
3.2.平衡施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥 有(you)機(ji)(ji)、無機(ji)(ji)結合,氮、磷(lin)(lin)、鉀(jia)配合施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong):提(ti)倡測(ce)土(tu)配方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥,一般(ban)有(you)機(ji)(ji)肥占(zhan)總施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥量(liang)的30%以上,氮∶磷(lin)(lin)∶鉀(jia)(N∶五(wu)(wu)氧化二磷(lin)(lin)∶氧化鉀(jia))一般(ban)為1∶0.5∶1。嚴格控制(zhi)(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)氮和施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥總量(liang):每667 平方米大田施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥總量(liang)為早、晚稻控制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)純(chun)氮(N)8 kg-12kg,磷(lin)(lin)(五(wu)(wu)氧化二磷(lin)(lin))4 kg-5kg,鉀(jia)(氧化鉀(jia))8 kg-12kg,單季稻控制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)純(chun)氮(N)12 kg-15 kg、磷(lin)(lin)(五(wu)(wu)氧化二磷(lin)(lin))6kg-7kg、鉀(jia)(氧化鉀(jia))12kg-15kg,施(shi)(shi)(shi)硫(liu)酸鋅1kg-2kg。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥方法(fa):施(shi)(shi)(shi)足基(ji)面肥,適施(shi)(shi)(shi)分蘗肥和穗(sui)肥。一般(ban)氮肥用(yong)(yong)50%~70%作(zuo)基(ji)面肥,20%-30%作(zuo)分蘗肥,10%-20%作(zuo)穗(sui)肥;磷(lin)(lin)肥全(quan)部作(zuo)基(ji)肥施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong);鉀(jia)肥基(ji)、蘗肥各占(zhan)50%。也可采用(yong)(yong)一次性(xing)全(quan)層施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥,將(jiang)專用(yong)(yong)復(fu)配肥料在(zai)平田時一次性(xing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)入耕作(zuo)層土(tu)壤,但在(zai)砂壤田不宜采用(yong)(yong)。
3.3.合理灌(guan)溉(gai) 灌(guan)溉(gai)水(shui)質要求:應符合NY 5116-2002的(de)規(gui)定。灌(guan)溉(gai)方(fang)法:返(fan)青期保(bao)持淺水(shui)層,分蘗(bo)(bo)期濕潤灌(guan)溉(gai),苗數(shu)達到穗數(shu)的(de)80%-90%時開始露田和曬(shai)田,采取多次(ci)輕曬(shai),以控制無效分蘗(bo)(bo),促進根系下(xia)扎生長和壯稈健株(zhu)。穗分化后灌(guan)水(shui)并保(bao)持淺水(shui)層至抽穗揚花(hua)期。灌(guan)漿成熟期間歇灌(guan)溉(gai)、干濕交替。收(shou)獲前(qian)7天左右斷水(shui)。
3.4.有害(hai)生(sheng)物控(kong)治(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術 農業防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):選(xuan)用(yong)抗性強的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)定期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輪換,保持(chi)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗性,減輕病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)。采用(yong)合理(li)耕作制(zhi)度、輪作換茬、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)鴨、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)魚、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)蟹等(deng)(deng))結合、健身栽(zai)培等(deng)(deng)農藝措施,減少有害(hai)生(sheng)物的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)。生(sheng)物防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):通(tong)過選(xuan)擇對天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)殺(sha)傷力(li)小的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)、低毒性代(dai)學農藥(yao),避開(kai)自然(ran)天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)對農藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)敏感時期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),創造適宜自然(ran)天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)繁殖的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)等(deng)(deng)措施,保持(chi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di);利用(yong)及(ji)釋放天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)控(kong)制(zhi)有害(hai)生(sheng)物的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)。物理(li)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):采用(yong)黑光(guang)燈、震頻(pin)式殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)燈、色光(guang)板等(deng)(deng)物理(li)裝置誘殺(sha)鱗翅目(mu)、同翅目(mu)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。藥(yao)劑(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(病(bing)害(hai)):稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)依(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15790的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定,當稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心病(bing)團出現時,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)三(san)環唑(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)20g-25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟靈28g-40g噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)紋(wen)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)病(bing)依(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15791的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定,在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)分蘗(bo)至孕(yun)穗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、抽穗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),當分蘗(bo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)叢(cong)發(fa)病(bing)率在(zai)(zai)(zai)15%~20%、孕(yun)穗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30%以上(shang)時,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)井崗(gang)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)10g-12.5g加水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)1-2次(ci),低于(yu)此指標(biao)可(ke)(ke)以不(bu)施農藥(yao)。白葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)病(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)白葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)病(bing)常發(fa)區(qu),于(yu)發(fa)病(bing)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)唑(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)30g-40g加水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi);尤其(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)大風、暴雨、洪澇等(deng)(deng)災害(hai)之后,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片受到損傷,應(ying)及(ji)時噴(pen)施上(shang)述(shu)藥(yao)劑(ji),防(fang)止病(bing)情(qing)暴發(fa)。惡苗(miao)病(bing)采用(yong)抗二(er)硫(liu)氰(qing)基甲(jia)烷(wan)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)咪鮮胺(an)(an)溶液浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)曲(qu)(qu)病(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)孕(yun)穗中(zhong)(zhong)、后期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)井崗(gang)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)10g-12.5g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg對穗部進(jin)(jin)行(xing)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。藥(yao)劑(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)):二(er)化(hua)(hua)螟依(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15792及(ji)NY/T 59的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定,在(zai)(zai)(zai)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)苗(miao)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)鞘(qiao)高峰期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)36g-45g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)單45g-55g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)三(san)唑(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)磷(lin)20g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu),但蠶桑養(yang)殖地區(qu)不(bu)宜使用(yong)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)、殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)單。三(san)化(hua)(hua)螟根據(ju)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)情(qing)預報(bao),掌(zhang)握在(zai)(zai)(zai)螟卵孵化(hua)(hua)初(chu)盛期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)卵塊(kuai)發(fa)生(sheng)量在(zai)(zai)(zai)50塊(kuai)以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)塊(kuai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)藥(yao)劑(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類同二(er)化(hua)(hua)螟。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)飛(fei)虱依(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15794的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定,當百叢(cong)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)量達1500頭(tou)(tou)-2000頭(tou)(tou),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)噻嗪酮(tong)7g-10g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)1.5g-2g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg,針對稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株中(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)部噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷葉(xie)(xie)(xie)螟依(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15793的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定,掌(zhang)握在(zai)(zai)(zai)主害(hai)代(dai)1、2齡幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)盛發(fa)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)初(chu)卷期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))。當分蘗(bo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)百叢(cong)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)65頭(tou)(tou)-85頭(tou)(tou)、孕(yun)穗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)40頭(tou)(tou)-60頭(tou)(tou)以上(shang)時,進(jin)(jin)行(xing)藥(yao)劑(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)、殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)單;此外,也可(ke)(ke)用(yong)毒死(si)蜱32g-40g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株中(zhong)(zhong)、上(shang)部。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)薊馬在(zai)(zai)(zai)苗(miao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出現葉(xie)(xie)(xie)尖卷曲(qu)(qu)率在(zai)(zai)(zai)10%以上(shang)、百株蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)量300頭(tou)(tou)-500頭(tou)(tou)以上(shang)時,用(yong)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)27g-36g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)丁硫(liu)克百威或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)1.5g-2g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):秧田(tian)(tian)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)于(yu)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后0-10d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)殺(sha)草(cao)(cao)丹乳(ru)油100g-125g、禾(he)草(cao)(cao)敵(di)乳(ru)油96g-140g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)丁草(cao)(cao)胺(an)(an)30g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)芐嘧(mi)磺隆1.5g-2g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)30kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)前(qian)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)前(qian)2d-10d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)百草(cao)(cao)枯(ku)(ku)(ku)20g-40g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg細噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu),殺(sha)滅田(tian)(tian)間雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)。本田(tian)(tian)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)于(yu)移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)后5d-10d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)禾(he)草(cao)(cao)丹乳(ru)油100g-125g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)嘧(mi)磺隆6.25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)田(tian)(tian)草(cao)(cao)光(guang)(芐嘧(mi)磺隆與丁草(cao)(cao)胺(an)(an)復配劑(ji))25g-30g拌化(hua)(hua)肥或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)細泥土30kg撒施。
4.產品收獲(huo):實(shi)行無公(gong)害稻谷(gu)與普(pu)通稻谷(gu)分收、分曬。禁止在公(gong)路、瀝青(qing)路面及粉(fen)塵污染(ran)嚴重的地方脫粒、曬谷(gu)。
5.生(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)錄:對(dui)嘉蔭水稻生(sheng)產(chan)的全過程,要建立田間(jian)生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術檔(dang)案,全面記(ji)載,以備(bei)查閱。
六.包(bao)裝標識相關規定
嘉蔭(yin)水稻收獲后,脫(tuo)粒(li)進(jin)行(xing)包裝,在運(yun)輸過程中:運(yun)輸工具應清(qing)潔、干燥、有(you)防雨設(she)施。嚴(yan)禁與有(you)毒、有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)、有(you)腐蝕性、有(you)異(yi)味的(de)物品(pin)混(hun)運(yun)。在避光、常溫、干燥和有(you)防潮設(she)施的(de)地方(fang)貯藏。貯藏設(she)施應清(qing)潔、干燥、通風、無蟲害(hai)(hai)(hai)和鼠害(hai)(hai)(hai)。嚴(yan)禁與有(you)毒、有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)、有(you)腐蝕性、易(yi)發霉、發潮、有(you)異(yi)味的(de)物品(pin)混(hun)存。產(chan)品(pin)使用(yong)“嘉蔭(yin)水稻”農產(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標志(zhi)。