長(chang)安(an)(an)寺(si)坐北(bei)朝(chao)南(nan)(nan),三進四合院(yuan)。自南(nan)(nan)向北(bei)在(zai)中(zhong)軸線上(shang)依次(ci)建(jian)(jian)有(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)、天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、戲臺(tai)(tai)、拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等建(jian)(jian)筑。中(zhong)軸線兩側對稱排列(lie)著配(pei)房、鐘鼓樓(lou),歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式(shi),建(jian)(jian)在(zai)磚筑高臺(tai)(tai)之(zhi)上(shang)。天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),三楹,硬山(shan)(shan)(shan)式(shi)。戲臺(tai)(tai),與天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊密相(xiang)連,一楹,卷棚歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式(shi)。拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)亦卷棚歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式(shi),三楹敞廳。左右(you)兩側是配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),各五楹,前面出(chu)檐(yan)。拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與戲臺(tai)(tai),以抄(chao)手回廊銜接。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三楹,歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式(shi),與拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)共同建(jian)(jian)在(zai)50厘米高的(de)(de)臺(tai)(tai)基之(zhi)上(shang)。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是長(chang)安(an)(an)寺(si)的(de)(de)主體建(jian)(jian)筑,體量大(da)(da),形制也較(jiao)(jiao)宏偉。后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在(zai)寺(si)院(yuan)的(de)(de)最(zui)北(bei)端(duan),三楹,歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式(shi)。寺(si)內(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)木構(gou)件,如梁、柱(zhu)、枋、額、檁、椽(chuan)、飛子(zi)和(he)斗栱等皆(jie)油飾彩畫,瀝(li)粉貼(tie)金,金碧輝煌。寺(si)內(nei)現(xian)存明(ming)清碑(bei)刻六甬,其(qi)中(zhong)以明(ming)成化二十三年重修(xiu)長(chang)安(an)(an)禪(chan)寺(si)碑(bei)為(wei)較(jiao)(jiao)早(zao),也較(jiao)(jiao)重要。碑(bei)文記載了沈陽中(zhong)衛指揮(hui)曹輔和(he)曹銘的(de)(de)銜名,據(ju)考,二人皆(jie)為(wei)《紅(hong)樓(lou)夢》作者曹雪芹的(de)(de)上(shang)世族祖,是研究曹雪芹家世出(chu)身的(de)(de)重要史料。
寺院(yuan)建筑(zhu)有(you)(you)山(shan)門(men)、天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)、拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),均由南(nan)向北(bei)建在一(yi)(yi)(yi)條中軸線上。山(shan)門(men)三(san)(san)間進(jin)(jin)山(shan)門(men)后有(you)(you)東(dong)西配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、鐘鼓二樓(lou)。北(bei)面正中為天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),面闊三(san)(san)間,進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)間,小式硬山(shan)造,灰(hui)瓦(wa)頂,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內露(lu)明(ming)造。天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)兩(liang)側有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)磚墻與二進(jin)(jin)院(yuan)相(xiang)隔(ge)。從角門(men)進(jin)(jin)入,便是(shi)二進(jin)(jin)院(yuan)落。緊接(jie)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后壁有(you)(you)戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo),兩(liang)檐(yan)相(xiang)連(lian)成(cheng)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti),戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)面閣小于(yu)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),呈正方形一(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)間,為券棚頂、灰(hui)瓦(wa)、檀枋彩畫,風格獨特(te)。東(dong)西兩(liang)側建有(you)(you)配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)五間。正北(bei)為長安寺主要建筑(zhu)拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、東(dong)西配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的空間,建回(hui)廊(lang)四座(zuo),把二進(jin)(jin)院(yuan)內的建筑(zhu)連(lian)在一(yi)(yi)(yi)起,頗具(ju)特(te)色。
寺院坐北朝南,呈長方形,占地5200平方米,有(you)房屋 130多間(jian)。主要建筑自南向(xiang)北有(you):山(shan)門三間(jian),內有(you)東西配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和鐘鼓二(er)樓,天(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、比丘壇、藏經(jing)閣。天(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)主要供奉“四(si)大(da)天(tian)王(wang)”,大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)供奉“西方三圣”和八(ba)十八(ba)尊羅漢。
大殿(dian)(dian)為單檐(yan)歇山結構,灰瓦(wa)頂(ding),斗拱(gong)為三翹七踩,保留著明朝(chao)建筑風格,面(mian)闊五間,進深三間,殿(dian)(dian)內露(lu)明造(zao),檀(tan)枋(fang)有彩畫。南面(mian)緊接大殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)檐(yan)的拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)為券棚(peng)屋頂(ding),灰瓦(wa),面(mian)闊四間,進深一間,前(qian)后(hou)無墻(qiang)壁(bi)。東西(xi)兩側壁(bi)上嵌有道光時(shi)期重(zhong)修(xiu)碑記兩通(tong),殿(dian)(dian)內露(lu)明造(zao),檀(tan)枋(fang)上均(jun)有彩畫,斗拱(gong)為三翹七踩。在拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)東西(xi)側角門處豎立(li)清朝(chao)重(zhong)修(xiu)碑四通(tong)。
第三(san)進(jin)院內正北為后(hou)殿,單(dan)檐歇山(shan)造(zao),灰瓦頂,面(mian)闊五(wu)間,進(jin)深三(san)間,殿內露明造(zao)檀枋彩畫(hua)。其(qi)東西兩側各(ge)建(jian)有配殿三(san)間,后(hou)殿西北角(jiao)建(jian)有方丈室一座。
長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)寺(si)(si)內現(xian)存《大(da)正(zheng)藏》兩(liang)部,石碑(bei)六(liu)通,其(qi)中(zhong)明(ming)成化二十三年(1487年)《重修(xiu)沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)禪寺(si)(si)碑(bei)》有重要(yao)(yao)的文物(wu)價值。碑(bei)文不僅記述(shu)了(le)沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)中(zhong)衛指(zhi)揮曹(cao)(cao)銘的銜名。經專家考驗,曹(cao)(cao)輔、曹(cao)(cao)銘都是(shi)《紅樓夢(meng)》作者曹(cao)(cao)雪(xue)芹(qin)的上世族祖,這是(shi)曹(cao)(cao)雪(xue)芹(qin)上世“世居沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)”的可靠證據。這塊碑(bei)是(shi)研究曹(cao)(cao)雪(xue)芹(qin)家世出身的極其(qi)重要(yao)(yao)的史料(liao)。 關于沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)市和長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)寺(si)(si)的關系(xi),歷來有“先有長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)寺(si)(si),后有沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)城(cheng)(cheng)”的說法(fa),又(you)說:“廟在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),城(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)寺(si)(si)里。”事實(shi)也確是(shi)如(ru)此,長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)本寺(si)(si)和山(shan)(shan)門(men)相(xiang)距甚遠,本寺(si)(si)在(zai)沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)城(cheng)(cheng)大(da)北門(men)以南、鐘樓以北,而寺(si)(si)的山(shan)(shan)門(men)卻(que)建在(zai)十五里外(wai)的渾河岸邊。
相傳,唐太宗(zong)建都時,沈陽這(zhe)塊地方還是(shi)一片荒(huang)原(yuan)。唐太宗(zong)東(dong)巡來到這(zhe)兒(er),人困(kun)馬(ma)乏,就地休息,看(kan)見遠處有個土崗(gang),雖(sui)然不高,可樹木很(hen)多,遮天蔽日(ri),便起念在此建寺。于是(shi)派尉遲敬(jing)德為監督,負責建寺諸(zhu)事。
在(zai)(zai)籌(chou)建過程中,將軍得到(dao)緊急(ji)(ji)作戰命令,匆(cong)匆(cong)離(li)寺。僧人們(men)此時還不(bu)知道把山門建在(zai)(zai)什么地方,就(jiu)派(pai)人飛馬(ma)鞭(bian)一(yi)指(zhi),又(you)急(ji)(ji)忙上路了。于(yu)是,僧人就(jiu)帶(dai)領工匠們(men)在(zai)(zai)渾河北岸尉遲(chi)將軍馬(ma)鞭(bian)所(suo)指(zhi)處建起(qi)了山門。斗轉星移(yi)。在(zai)(zai)山門和大殿這間,就(jiu)漸(jian)漸(jian)建起(qi)了沈陽城(cheng),形成(cheng)了“城(cheng)在(zai)(zai)寺里”的局面(mian)。
長安寺內共(gong)存有(you)明、清碑(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)六(liu)甬,其(qi)中(zhong)以明成化(hua)二(er)十(shi)三年(nian)《重(zhong)修(xiu)沈陽(yang)長安禪寺碑(bei)(bei)(bei)為最早(zao),碑(bei)(bei)(bei)文不僅記述(shu)了重(zhong)修(xiu)長安寺的歷史,還提到明天(tian)順二(er)年(nian)沈陽(yang)中(zhong)衛指揮曹(cao)(cao)(cao)輔,碑(bei)(bei)(bei)陰又有(you)成化(hua)二(er)十(shi)三年(nian)沈陽(yang)中(zhong)衛指揮曹(cao)(cao)(cao)銘(ming)(ming)的銜名(ming),經(jing)考證,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)輔、曹(cao)(cao)(cao)銘(ming)(ming)都是《紅樓夢》的作者曹(cao)(cao)(cao)雪芹(qin)(qin)之上世族祖,這是研究(jiu)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)雪芹(qin)(qin)家(jia)世出(chu)身的又一件極(ji)其(qi)重(zhong)要的碑(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)史料。
1985年(nian)2月(yue),沈陽市人(ren)民政(zheng)(zheng)府公布為市級文物(wu)保護單(dan)位,并撥款進行(xing)大力(li)重修,經(jing)過二年(nian)時間已恢(hui)復原(yuan)貌,建(jian)立了(le)長安(an)寺文物(wu)管(guan)理所,于1986年(nian)9月(yue)正式對(dui)外(wai)開(kai)放(fang)。1988年(nian)12月(yue)遼寧省(sheng)人(ren)民政(zheng)(zheng)府公布為省(sheng)級文物(wu)保護單(dan)位。
交(jiao)通路(lu)線(xian):沈陽市內乘(cheng)坐地鐵一(yi)號線(xian)在(zai)中街站下步(bu)行即可到(dao)達。