長(chang)安寺(si)(si)坐(zuo)北(bei)(bei)朝南,三(san)進四合院。自南向北(bei)(bei)在中(zhong)(zhong)軸線(xian)上(shang)(shang)依次建(jian)(jian)有山(shan)(shan)門、天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、戲(xi)臺(tai)、拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)(he)后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等建(jian)(jian)筑。中(zhong)(zhong)軸線(xian)兩側對稱排列(lie)著(zhu)配(pei)房、鐘鼓樓,歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi),建(jian)(jian)在磚筑高臺(tai)之上(shang)(shang)。天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),三(san)楹(ying)(ying),硬山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)。戲(xi)臺(tai),與天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊密相連,一楹(ying)(ying),卷棚歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)。拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)亦卷棚歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi),三(san)楹(ying)(ying)敞(chang)廳。左(zuo)右兩側是(shi)配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),各五楹(ying)(ying),前面出檐。拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與戲(xi)臺(tai),以抄手回(hui)廊(lang)銜接。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三(san)楹(ying)(ying),歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi),與拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)共同(tong)建(jian)(jian)在50厘米高的臺(tai)基之上(shang)(shang)。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)長(chang)安寺(si)(si)的主(zhu)體(ti)建(jian)(jian)筑,體(ti)量大,形(xing)制也(ye)較(jiao)宏偉。后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在寺(si)(si)院的最(zui)北(bei)(bei)端,三(san)楹(ying)(ying),歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)。寺(si)(si)內建(jian)(jian)筑的木(mu)構件(jian),如(ru)梁(liang)、柱、枋(fang)、額、檁、椽(chuan)、飛子和(he)(he)(he)斗栱等皆(jie)油飾彩畫,瀝粉貼金,金碧輝煌。寺(si)(si)內現存(cun)明清碑刻六甬(yong),其中(zhong)(zhong)以明成(cheng)化二十三(san)年重修(xiu)長(chang)安禪寺(si)(si)碑為較(jiao)早,也(ye)較(jiao)重要(yao)。碑文記載了沈陽中(zhong)(zhong)衛指(zhi)揮(hui)曹(cao)輔(fu)和(he)(he)(he)曹(cao)銘(ming)的銜名,據考,二人皆(jie)為《紅(hong)樓夢(meng)》作(zuo)者曹(cao)雪芹的上(shang)(shang)世族祖,是(shi)研究曹(cao)雪芹家世出身的重要(yao)史料。
寺(si)院建(jian)筑(zhu)有(you)山門、天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)、戲(xi)樓、拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)、大(da)殿(dian)(dian)、后(hou)殿(dian)(dian),均由南向北(bei)建(jian)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)中(zhong)軸線(xian)上。山門三(san)間(jian)(jian)進山門后(hou)有(you)東西(xi)配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)、鐘(zhong)鼓二樓。北(bei)面(mian)正(zheng)中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian),面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian),進深一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian),小式硬山造,灰(hui)瓦頂,殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)露明造。天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)有(you)一(yi)(yi)磚墻與二進院相(xiang)隔。從角(jiao)門進入,便是二進院落。緊接天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)后(hou)壁有(you)戲(xi)樓一(yi)(yi)座,兩(liang)(liang)檐相(xiang)連成為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)體,戲(xi)樓面(mian)閣小于天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian),呈正(zheng)方形一(yi)(yi)大(da)間(jian)(jian),為(wei)(wei)券棚頂、灰(hui)瓦、檀(tan)枋彩畫(hua),風格獨特(te)。東西(xi)兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)建(jian)有(you)配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)五間(jian)(jian)。正(zheng)北(bei)為(wei)(wei)長(chang)安寺(si)主要建(jian)筑(zhu)拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)和大(da)殿(dian)(dian)。在(zai)(zai)天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)、東西(xi)配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)、拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)的空間(jian)(jian),建(jian)回廊(lang)四座,把二進院內(nei)的建(jian)筑(zhu)連在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)起(qi),頗具(ju)特(te)色。
寺院(yuan)坐北朝(chao)南,呈長方形,占(zhan)地(di)5200平方米,有房屋 130多間。主(zhu)要(yao)建筑自南向北有:山(shan)門三(san)間,內有東西配殿(dian)和(he)鐘鼓二(er)樓,天(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)、大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)、比丘壇、藏經閣。天(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)主(zhu)要(yao)供奉“四大(da)天(tian)王(wang)”,大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)供奉“西方三(san)圣”和(he)八十八尊羅漢。
大殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐(yan)歇山結構(gou),灰(hui)瓦(wa)頂(ding),斗拱(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三翹七(qi)踩,保(bao)留著明(ming)朝建(jian)筑風(feng)格,面闊五間,進深三間,殿(dian)(dian)內露(lu)明(ming)造,檀枋有(you)彩畫。南面緊接大殿(dian)(dian)前檐(yan)的拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)券棚屋頂(ding),灰(hui)瓦(wa),面闊四間,進深一間,前后無墻壁。東(dong)(dong)西兩(liang)側(ce)壁上嵌有(you)道光時(shi)期重修(xiu)碑記兩(liang)通,殿(dian)(dian)內露(lu)明(ming)造,檀枋上均有(you)彩畫,斗拱(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三翹七(qi)踩。在拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)東(dong)(dong)西側(ce)角門處豎立清朝重修(xiu)碑四通。
第三(san)進(jin)(jin)院內正北(bei)為(wei)后殿(dian)(dian)(dian),單檐歇山造,灰瓦頂,面闊五間,進(jin)(jin)深三(san)間,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內露(lu)明造檀枋彩畫。其東西(xi)兩側各建有(you)(you)配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)三(san)間,后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)西(xi)北(bei)角建有(you)(you)方丈室(shi)一(yi)座。
長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)寺內(nei)現存《大(da)正藏》兩部,石碑六通,其(qi)中(zhong)明成化二十三年(1487年)《重修沈陽(yang)(yang)(yang)長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)禪寺碑》有(you)(you)重要的(de)文物價值(zhi)。碑文不僅記述了沈陽(yang)(yang)(yang)中(zhong)衛指揮(hui)曹(cao)(cao)銘(ming)的(de)銜名。經專家考驗,曹(cao)(cao)輔、曹(cao)(cao)銘(ming)都是《紅(hong)樓(lou)夢》作者曹(cao)(cao)雪(xue)芹(qin)(qin)(qin)的(de)上世(shi)族祖,這(zhe)是曹(cao)(cao)雪(xue)芹(qin)(qin)(qin)上世(shi)“世(shi)居沈陽(yang)(yang)(yang)”的(de)可靠證(zheng)據。這(zhe)塊碑是研(yan)究曹(cao)(cao)雪(xue)芹(qin)(qin)(qin)家世(shi)出身的(de)極其(qi)重要的(de)史料。 關于沈陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市和長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)寺的(de)關系(xi),歷來(lai)有(you)(you)“先有(you)(you)長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)寺,后(hou)有(you)(you)沈陽(yang)(yang)(yang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”的(de)說(shuo)法,又說(shuo):“廟在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在寺里。”事實(shi)也(ye)確(que)是如此,長(chang)安(an)(an)(an)本(ben)寺和山門(men)(men)相距甚遠,本(ben)寺在沈陽(yang)(yang)(yang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)北門(men)(men)以南、鐘樓(lou)以北,而寺的(de)山門(men)(men)卻建在十五里外的(de)渾河(he)岸(an)邊。
相傳(chuan),唐太(tai)(tai)宗建(jian)都時(shi),沈陽這塊地方還是(shi)一片荒(huang)原。唐太(tai)(tai)宗東巡(xun)來到(dao)這兒,人困(kun)馬乏,就地休息,看見遠處有個(ge)土崗,雖(sui)然(ran)不(bu)高,可樹木(mu)很(hen)多,遮天蔽日,便起念在此建(jian)寺(si)。于是(shi)派尉遲敬德為監督,負責建(jian)寺(si)諸事。
在(zai)(zai)籌(chou)建(jian)過程(cheng)中,將軍得(de)到緊急作戰命令,匆(cong)匆(cong)離寺(si)。僧人們此(ci)時還不知道把山門建(jian)在(zai)(zai)什么地方,就派人飛馬鞭一指(zhi),又急忙上路了(le)。于是,僧人就帶領工匠(jiang)們在(zai)(zai)渾河北岸尉遲將軍馬鞭所(suo)指(zhi)處(chu)建(jian)起了(le)山門。斗(dou)轉星移。在(zai)(zai)山門和大殿(dian)這(zhe)間(jian),就漸漸建(jian)起了(le)沈陽城,形成了(le)“城在(zai)(zai)寺(si)里”的局面(mian)。
長安寺(si)內共存有明(ming)、清碑(bei)(bei)刻六甬,其中(zhong)(zhong)以明(ming)成化二十(shi)三(san)(san)年(nian)《重修沈(shen)陽(yang)長安禪(chan)寺(si)碑(bei)(bei)為最(zui)早,碑(bei)(bei)文不僅記(ji)述了重修長安寺(si)的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi),還提到明(ming)天順二年(nian)沈(shen)陽(yang)中(zhong)(zhong)衛(wei)指(zhi)揮(hui)曹(cao)輔,碑(bei)(bei)陰又(you)有成化二十(shi)三(san)(san)年(nian)沈(shen)陽(yang)中(zhong)(zhong)衛(wei)指(zhi)揮(hui)曹(cao)銘(ming)的(de)(de)(de)銜名,經考(kao)證,曹(cao)輔、曹(cao)銘(ming)都是《紅(hong)樓夢》的(de)(de)(de)作者(zhe)曹(cao)雪芹之(zhi)上世(shi)族祖,這是研究曹(cao)雪芹家世(shi)出身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)又(you)一件極其重要的(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)(bei)刻史(shi)料。
1985年(nian)(nian)2月(yue),沈陽市人(ren)民(min)政府公布(bu)為市級文物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位,并撥款進行大力重(zhong)修,經過二年(nian)(nian)時(shi)間已恢復原貌,建立了長安寺文物(wu)管理所,于1986年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)正(zheng)式對(dui)外開(kai)放。1988年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)遼寧省人(ren)民(min)政府公布(bu)為省級文物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位。
交(jiao)通路線:沈陽市內乘坐地鐵(tie)一號線在(zai)中(zhong)街(jie)站下步(bu)行即可到達(da)。