EPS應急電源在消防應急照明中的應用

近年來火災事故的(de)頻頻發生讓人(ren)(ren)們吸取(qu)了深刻的(de)教訓(xun)，如何解(jie)決(jue)好消防應(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)系統(tong)的(de)供電系統(tong)引起了設(she)(she)計人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)重(zhong)視(shi)。在正常情(qing)況下因(yin)突發事件(jian)中斷(duan)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)后，為保證人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)安全，必須設(she)(she)置(zhi)應(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)。特別(bie)是(shi)在一(yi)些(xie)重(zhong)要的(de)場合，如人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)較為稠密(mi)的(de)商場、酒店、寫字(zi)樓等，在緊急(ji)狀況下的(de)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)疏(shu)散是(shi)一(yi)個很重(zhong)要的(de)現實(shi)問題，從而對應(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)系統(tong)的(de)合理(li)設(she)(she)置(zhi)提出了更高(gao)的(de)要求。

EPS應急電(dian)(dian)(dian)源系統是(shi)滿(man)足消防行業特殊要求的(de)應急電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，當市(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)出現(xian)故(gu)障能(neng)自(zi)動轉(zhuan)入到(dao)應急工作狀(zhuang)態，由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)經高效逆變提供(gong)后備(bei)(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應。它具備(bei)(bei)手(shou)動/自(zi)動轉(zhuan)換及供(gong)專業人員操作的(de)強制啟動按(an)鈕，超載120%能(neng)正常(chang)工作，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)分段保護智能(neng)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，應急時間更(geng)長，整(zheng)機功能(neng)更(geng)齊備(bei)(bei)，可靠性更(geng)高。

EPS應(ying)急(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統可以解(jie)決許多應(ying)急(ji)(ji)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。當(dang)突然(ran)停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)(huo)商(shang)(shang)業電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超出臨界(jie)值時，由電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組經過高效率的(de)(de)(de)(de)逆變提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓穩定(ding)、頻率穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)以及足夠時間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)照(zhao)明和設備運營電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)，EPS應(ying)急(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統能夠提(ti)供(gong)與商(shang)(shang)業電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)或(huo)(huo)經過穩壓調(diao)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，在(zai)突發事件(jian)來臨時起到可靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)作(zuo)用(yong)。隨著人們觀念的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉變，安全(quan)意識的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高，運用(yong)集(ji)中(zhong)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)明電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)取代分散的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)燈，是(shi)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)明系(xi)統發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)必然(ran)趨勢。

眾所周(zhou)知，電(dian)力故障常具有突發性(xing)，不以人(ren)們的意(yi)志(zhi)為轉(zhuan)移(yi)，即使(shi)電(dian)網設施(shi)再先(xian)進(jin)，意(yi)外的斷電(dian)也(ye)在(zai)所難免，同時(shi)，火災(zai)與停電(dian)幾乎是孿生兄弟，因此，具備多功能(neng)EPS應急電(dian)源可以解決電(dian)力保障和消防安(an)全問題，確保一(yi)些重大工程(cheng)或重要場(chang)合的應急供電(dian)需要。

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EPS消防應急電源安裝注意事項

1、電線、電纜及保護管的選用

《建筑(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程施工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)驗(yan)收規(gui)范(fan)》（GB50303—2005，以下簡(jian)稱《驗(yan)收規(gui)范(fan)》）要求(qiu)疏散照明應敷設(she)耐(nai)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)采用(yong)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等于(yu)或高于(yu)750V的銅芯絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)（20.1.4.8條(tiao)）。《驗(yan)收規(gui)范(fan)》中沒有說備用(yong)照明、安全照明線(xian)(xian)路敷設(she)耐(nai)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)（阻燃(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)與耐(nai)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)是兩種(zhong)不同技術標準的產品，兩種(zhong)不能混為一談(tan)）。

阻燃(ran)型(xing)及耐火型(xing)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)纜允(yun)許長(chang)期(qi)工作的(de)(de)最(zui)高(gao)額定溫度一定要(yao)(yao)符(fu)合設(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，安裝(zhuang)前一定按設(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)驗(yan)收導(dao)線(xian)(xian)。火災(zai)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)(ming)(ming)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)截面(mian)宜適(shi)當放寬(kuan)。應(ying)(ying)(ying)急疏散照明(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)無(wu)論明(ming)(ming)(ming)敷(fu)還是(shi)暗敷(fu)，在(zai)《驗(yan)收規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》中都(dou)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鋼導(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，而對其他應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)材質并末(mo)作出規(gui)(gui)定。《高(gao)層民用(yong)(yong)建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》（GB50045—95）、《建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)防火規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》（GBJ16—87）要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，當消防應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)(ming)(ming)配電(dian)線(xian)(xian)路當明(ming)(ming)(ming)敷(fu)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)金(jin)屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)，并采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)防火保(bao)護(hu)措施；暗敷(fu)時(shi)(shi)，只(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)保(bao)護(hu)層的(de)(de)厚(hou)度不(bu)小于30mm，未說明(ming)(ming)(ming)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)何(he)種管(guan)(guan)(guan)材。當采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)塑料管(guan)(guan)(guan)暗敷(fu)時(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)難燃(ran)型(xing)材料且塑料管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)氧指數應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)27以(yi)上(shang)。在(zai)無(wu)設(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)時(shi)(shi)，埋設(she)在(zai)墻內(nei)或混凝土內(nei)的(de)(de)塑料管(guan)(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)中型(xing)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)導(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)（《驗(yan)收規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》14.2.9.3條）；建(jian)(jian)筑物吊頂(ding)內(nei)必(bi)須(xu)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)金(jin)屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)敷(fu)設(she)，金(jin)屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)選壁厚(hou)1.6mm以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)熱(re)鍍鋅管(guan)(guan)(guan)。

2、應急照明線路的敷設

應急照(zhao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路單獨(du)敷(fu)(fu)設，在(zai)每個防火(huo)(huo)分(fen)區有(you)(you)獨(du)立的(de)(de)應急照(zhao)明(ming)回(hui)路，不(bu)能(neng)與普通照(zhao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路混(hun)用。穿(chuan)(chuan)越不(bu)同防火(huo)(huo)分(fen)區的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路應有(you)(you)防火(huo)(huo)隔堵措施。當火(huo)(huo)災應急照(zhao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)工作電(dian)(dian)源與備(bei)用電(dian)(dian)源在(zai)同一(yi)橋架敷(fu)(fu)設時(shi)，中間(jian)加(jia)隔板。明(ming)敷(fu)(fu)管線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)，鋼性(xing)導管上涂(tu)防火(huo)(huo)涂(tu)料保護。線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管、線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)槽的(de)(de)PE保護線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)連接(jie)(jie)完成后，經檢查確認才能(neng)穿(chuan)(chuan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。不(bu)進人(ren)的(de)(de)吊頂(ding)，管子的(de)(de)支(zhi)架和(he)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)盒(he)固定在(zai)主、副(fu)龍(long)(long)骨上；進人(ren)的(de)(de)吊頂(ding)，電(dian)(dian)氣配(pei)件應敷(fu)(fu)設在(zai)主龍(long)(long)骨上。在(zai)對電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)絕緣性(xing)能(neng)、導電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)和(he)防火(huo)(huo)性(xing)能(neng)有(you)(you)異議時(shi)，按(an)批抽樣送有(you)(you)資質的(de)(de)試驗室(shi)檢測。電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)(jie)續完成后才能(neng)測試電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)絕緣電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。應急照(zhao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路不(bu)能(neng)與其他(ta)普通照(zhao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路混(hun)用。

3、應急照明配電箱的安裝

應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)的(de)(de)安裝工藝(yi)(yi)同普通照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)的(de)(de)安裝工藝(yi)(yi)，但應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)與其他(ta)普通照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)區(qu)分標志。應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)結構及電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣元件宜(yi)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)耐(nai)(nai)火耐(nai)(nai)熱(re)型，當用(yong)(yong)普通型配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)時，其安裝位(wei)置應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡(jin)可能避開(kai)(kai)易受火災影響的(de)(de)區(qu)域。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜安裝在電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣豎井(jing)內時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜周圍應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)留有(you)散熱(re)通道。EPS輸出(chu)端的(de)(de)中性線N應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)與建筑(zhu)物的(de)(de)接地裝置直(zhi)接相連。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜出(chu)線端的(de)(de)低壓斷(duan)路(lu)器應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)四極開(kai)(kai)關；支(zhi)路(lu)斷(duan)路(lu)器選(xuan)(xuan)雙極型開(kai)(kai)關。

4、應急照明燈具及安裝

安全照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)、備用(yong)照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)和(he)疏散(san)照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)可用(yong)普通(tong)節能燈、熒(ying)光燈（配電子(zi)鎮流(liu)器(qi)）。疏散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示標(biao)志燈必(bi)須(xu)采用(yong)消防認(ren)證產品。燈具安裝部位一(yi)般(ban)在走道及樓(lou)梯轉角處(chu)。疏散(san)標(biao)志的箭頭應(ying)指(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)通(tong)往出口的方向(xiang)。

燈具安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)高(gao)(gao)度(du)由(you)設計決定。如(ru)無規定，一(yi)般疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)出口標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在安(an)(an)全(quan)出口的(de)(de)頂部0.2m處(chu)，上(shang)邊緣距天(tian)花(hua)板應(ying)(ying)等(deng)(deng)于(yu)或大于(yu)0.5m。如(ru)天(tian)花(hua)板的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)較低，也(ye)可以(yi)在疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)門的(de)(de)兩(liang)側墻上(shang)設置，標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志的(de)(de)中心點距地面(mian)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)應(ying)(ying)在1.3~1.5m之間。采用(yong)(yong)吊(diao)桿的(de)(de)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志的(de)(de)下邊緣距地面(mian)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)應(ying)(ying)大于(yu)或等(deng)(deng)于(yu)2m。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在樓(lou)梯(ti)間、疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)走(zou)道(dao)(dao)及轉(zhuan)(zhuan)角處(chu)1m以(yi)下的(de)(de)墻上(shang)（轉(zhuan)(zhuan)角處(chu)需增設一(yi)盞標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志）。標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志的(de)(de)間距不(bu)應(ying)(ying)大于(yu)20m，袋形走(zou)道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)盡頭離(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志的(de)(de)距離(li)應(ying)(ying)小于(yu)或等(deng)(deng)于(yu)10m。封閉樓(lou)梯(ti)間、防煙樓(lou)梯(ti)間及其前室、消防電梯(ti)前室也(ye)應(ying)(ying)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)走(zou)道(dao)(dao)上(shang)采用(yong)(yong)蓄(xu)光自發(fa)光地面(mian)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示(shi)燈的(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)詳見標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準圖集《特殊(shu)燈具安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)》（03D702-3）的(de)(de)有(you)關(guan)內容。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)路線(xian)應(ying)(ying)簡結明了。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志燈應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)燃燒(shao)材料制燈具外殼(ke)燈罩，其標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志的(de)(de)箭頭指(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)與逃生疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)方向(xiang)(xiang)一(yi)致。所(suo)有(you)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)金屬構件(jian)均應(ying)(ying)做防腐(fu)處(chu)理。不(bu)能用(yong)(yong)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)牌代替疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志燈。

5、交工

備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)源要(yao)核對(dui)雙電(dian)源的(de)(de)相序。備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)源或應(ying)急照明(ming)電(dian)源作空(kong)載自(zi)動(dong)投(tou)(tou)切試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)前拆(chai)除(chu)負荷，空(kong)載自(zi)動(dong)投(tou)(tou)切試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)合(he)格(ge)，才(cai)(cai)做有載自(zi)動(dong)投(tou)(tou)切試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。燈具(ju)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻不應(ying)大(da)于(yu)或等(deng)于(yu)2MΩ；開關的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻應(ying)大(da)于(yu)或等(deng)于(yu)5MΩ；燈具(ju)、線(xian)路的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻測試(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)格(ge)，燈具(ju)與可(ke)接(jie)近裸(luo)露(lu)導(dao)體的(de)(de)保護線(xian)PE連接(jie)完成(cheng)，經檢查合(he)格(ge)，才(cai)(cai)能通電(dian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)；照明(ming)系統通電(dian)連續(xu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)運行(xing)時間應(ying)不小于(yu)8h；火(huo)災事故照明(ming)納入(ru)消防聯動(dong)控制，手動(dong)或自(zi)動(dong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)火(huo)災事故照明(ming)和疏(shu)散指示。