一、英譯中時倍數減少如何翻譯
1、“減少了N–1/N"
2、“減少到1/N”或(huo)“是(原(yuan)來)的1/N”
英語中表示倍(bei)數減小的句型可(ke)歸(gui)納為以下(xia)幾種(zhong)。
(一)decrease+by+N times
decrease+N times
decrease+by+a factor of+N
(decrease為表承減少意義的(de)動詞,下同)
這三個句型表示的(de)意義一樣,均應譯為(wei)“減少了N–1/N”或“減少到(dao)1/N”。例如:
1)Since the introduction of the new technique the switching time of the transistor has been shortened three times.
采用這項新工藝后,晶體管(guan)的開關時間縮(suo)短了三分(fen)之(zhi)二(er)。
2)When the voltage is stepped up by 10 times,the strength of the current is stepped-down by 10 times,so that the power remains the same.
當電壓升高到10倍(bei)時,電流強(qiang)度降低到1/10,因此功(gong)率保持(chi)不(bu)變。
3)The water level in winter falls by a factor of three as against the average level.
冬季,水(shui)位比平均水(shui)位下降三分之二。
4)When the signal has increased by 10 times the gain may have been reduced by 8 times.
如(ru)果(guo)信號增(zeng)大9倍,增(zeng)益就可能降低7/8。
5)The automatic assembly line can shorten ten times the assembling period.
自動裝(zhuang)配線(xian)可把裝(zhuang)配工期(qi)縮短到原來的1/10。
(二)N times+弱比較(jiao)級+(than)
N times+as+表(biao)示(shi)差、少意義的(de)形(xing)容詞原級+as
這兩個(ge)句型的意義一(yi)樣,可譯為“比……N-1/N”或“是…1/N”。例如:
6)The plastic casing is three times lighter than the steel one.
這種塑料(liao)殼(ke)比鋼殼(ke)輕(qing)三分(fen)之(zhi)二(或(huo):這種塑料(liao)殼(ke)的重量是鋼殼(ke)的三分(fen)之(zhi)一)。
二、英語倍數翻譯常見錯誤
1、A是B的N倍大/長…(或者A比B大/長…N-1倍)
一般有(you)以下(xia)兩種英語表達方法:
(1)A is N times as large/long(形(xing)容詞/副詞原(yuan)形(xing))as B.Eg:Asia is four times as large as Europe.
(2)A is N times larger/longer(形容詞/副詞比較級(ji))than B.Eg:Asia is four times larger than Europe.
(3)A is N times the size/length(形容(rong)詞/副詞的名詞形式)of B.Eg:Asia is four times the size of Europe.
以(yi)上(shang)三句例句的(de)中文(wen)翻譯均(jun)為(wei):亞(ya)洲是歐(ou)洲的(de)四倍大,或者亞(ya)洲比歐(ou)洲大三倍。
2、by和to
(1)動詞(ci)+by+倍數(shu)/百分數(shu)/數(shu)詞(ci)
Eg:The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今年糧(liang)食產量增加了四(si)倍。
(2)動詞(ci)+to+數詞(ci)
Eg:Last year profits rose to$201 million.
去(qu)年利潤增長到2億零100萬美元(yuan)。
3、by a factor of
詞組(zu)by a factor of在《朗文(wen)雙解》中(zhong)的解釋為"if something increases or decreases by a factor of N,it increases or decreases by N times."以N倍的系數增(zeng)加(jia)或減少。