一、伺服系統是什么意思

伺服系統（servomechanism）又(you)稱隨(sui)動系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，是(shi)用(yong)來精確地(di)跟隨(sui)或復現某個過程的(de)(de)(de)反饋(kui)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。伺服系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)使物體的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)、方位(wei)、狀態等輸出(chu)被(bei)控(kong)(kong)(kong)量能夠跟隨(sui)輸入(ru)目標(biao)（或給定值）的(de)(de)(de)任意變(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)自動控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。它的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)任務是(shi)按控(kong)(kong)(kong)制命令(ling)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求、對功率(lv)進行(xing)放大、變(bian)換與(yu)調控(kong)(kong)(kong)等處(chu)理(li)，使驅動裝置(zhi)輸出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)力矩、速度(du)和(he)(he)位(wei)置(zhi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制非(fei)常靈活方便(bian)。在很(hen)多(duo)情況下(xia)，伺服系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)專指被(bei)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制量（系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)量）是(shi)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)位(wei)移或位(wei)移速度(du)、加(jia)速度(du)的(de)(de)(de)反饋(kui)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，其作用(yong)是(shi)使輸出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)位(wei)移（或轉(zhuan)角）準確地(di)跟蹤(zong)輸入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)移（或轉(zhuan)角），其結構組成(cheng)和(he)(he)其他(ta)形式的(de)(de)(de)反饋(kui)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)沒有(you)原(yuan)則上的(de)(de)(de)區別。伺服系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)最初用(yong)于國防軍(jun)工(gong)，如火炮的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制，船艦、飛機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)自動駕駛，導彈發射(she)等，后來逐(zhu)漸推(tui)廣到國民經濟的(de)(de)(de)許多(duo)部門，如自動機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)、無線跟蹤(zong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制等。

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二、伺服系統由哪幾個部分組成

伺服(fu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)主要由三部(bu)分(fen)組成：控制器，功(gong)率驅動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。控制器按(an)(an)照數控系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)給定值(zhi)和通(tong)過(guo)反饋裝(zhuang)置(zhi)檢測的(de)實(shi)際運(yun)行值(zhi)的(de)差，調(diao)節(jie)控制量；功(gong)率驅動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)為系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)主回路(lu)，一(yi)方面按(an)(an)控制量的(de)大(da)小將電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能作(zuo)(zuo)用到電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)上，調(diao)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)轉矩(ju)的(de)大(da)小，另一(yi)方面按(an)(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)要求把恒壓恒頻的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換為電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)所需的(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)或直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)則按(an)(an)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)大(da)小拖動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械運(yun)轉。

三、伺服系統的主要作用

1、以小功率指令信號去控(kong)制大功率負(fu)載(zai)。

2、在沒(mei)有機械(xie)連接的情況(kuang)下，由輸入軸控制位于遠(yuan)處的輸出軸，實(shi)現遠(yuan)距同(tong)步傳(chuan)動(dong)。

3、使輸出機械位移精確(que)地跟蹤電信號，如記錄和指示儀表等。