一、防爆電器和非防爆電器的區別在哪里

很多人可能不知道防爆電器到底是什么，用在什么場所的，和普通的電器產品有什么區別？為了更好地讓大家明白防爆電器與普通電器(qi)的區(qu)別(bie)，在(zai)這里給大家(jia)做(zuo)個簡單的比較。

1、使用區域不同

防爆(bao)(bao)(bao)電氣是按照(zhao)電氣防爆(bao)(bao)(bao)國家(jia)標(biao)準GB3836（氣體防爆(bao)(bao)(bao)）或GB12476（粉(fen)塵防爆(bao)(bao)(bao)）設計生產并通過防爆(bao)(bao)(bao)認(ren)證取得防爆(bao)(bao)(bao)合格(ge)證，可(ke)以用(yong)在(zai)危險區域和(he)安全區域；非(fei)防爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的只能在(zai)安全區域使用(yong)。

2、裝置不同

防爆電器和普通電器的區別是防爆電器有(you)一個密封性的殼體(ti)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、防爆電器的設計特點有哪些

1、外殼的設計

便攜式、本質安全型儀器儀表的外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼有(you)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)用塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼，有(you)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)用金屬(shu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼。當選(xuan)用塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼時(shi)(shi)，為保證塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼正常(chang)工作時(shi)(shi)不(bu)積聚危險靜電(dian)，其表面(mian)電(dian)阻不(bu)得(de)超過1×109Ω。塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼應經(jing)過抗沖擊試驗(yan)和熱穩定試驗(yan)。

正常運行(xing)(xing)產生火花、電(dian)弧或(huo)危(wei)險溫度的電(dian)氣設備(bei)、功率大(da)于250W或(huo)電(dian)流大(da)于5A的Ⅰ類(lei)電(dian)氣設備(bei)，均(jun)須(xu)采用接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)(he)與設備(bei)主體進行(xing)(xing)電(dian)氣連接(jie)接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)(he)就是專供(gong)電(dian)纜或(huo)導線(xian)與電(dian)氣設備(bei)進行(xing)(xing)連接(jie)的部件。Ⅰ類(lei)隔爆(bao)型電(dian)氣設備(bei)廣泛(fan)使用的是隔爆(bao)型接(jie)線(xian)。盒(he)(he)(he)(he)接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)(he)內壁應涂(tu)耐弧漆，接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)(he)及主體腔(qiang)上的隔爆(bao)接(jie)合面應做防(fang)銹處理，如涂(tu)防(fang)銹油等。

另(ling)外，對于防爆電(dian)器，要在(zai)其(qi)外殼的(de)明顯處(chu)有永久性的(de)Ex防爆總標志及MA安全標志。

針對某些地方(fang)煤(mei)礦(kuang)井下存在的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)機違章操作現(xian)象，我們研(yan)制(zhi)了QF40型小(xiao)型防爆(bao)起動器，其額(e)(e)定電(dian)(dian)壓380V，額(e)(e)定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)40A。外殼(ke)(ke)(ke)設(she)計分為主體腔與(yu)接線腔。外殼(ke)(ke)(ke)為3mm厚(hou)鋼板。隔爆(bao)接合面(mian)的(de)(de)尺(chi)寸(cun)及加(jia)工精(jing)度(du)符合GB3836.2規定。外殼(ke)(ke)(ke)外形尺(chi)寸(cun)為437mm×308mm，外殼(ke)(ke)(ke)防護等(deng)級為IP54。在外殼(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)正前方(fang)設(she)有銘牌，銘牌右(you)上(shang)(shang)角設(she)有Ex標志(zhi)，防爆(bao)標志(zhi)dⅠ（150℃），此外，銘牌上(shang)(shang)還(huan)標有名稱、型號、額(e)(e)定電(dian)(dian)壓、額(e)(e)定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、防爆(bao)合格證編號、安(an)全標志(zhi)、出廠編號、制(zhi)造日期等(deng)。

2、電路的設計

首(shou)先，電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)設計(ji)要完成電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)能，保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)原理的(de)正確性(xing)。其次(ci)，防爆電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)、爬電(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)離、絕(jue)緣參數必須符(fu)合GB3836的(de)規定(ding)要求。例如，研制QF40型(xing)防爆起動(dong)器(qi)時，將接(jie)線(xian)柱的(de)爬電(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)離設計(ji)為不(bu)小于(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)不(bu)小于(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆腔內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)元件及裝(zhuang)配布置爬電(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)離不(bu)小于(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)不(bu)小于(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆接(jie)線(xian)腔內(nei)設有內(nei)接(jie)地螺(luo)栓。外殼設有外接(jie)地螺(luo)栓。

研(yan)制的(de)本質安全型鋼弦(xian)頻率計在(zai)正常(chang)工作和故障狀(zhuang)態下的(de)最大工作電流和電壓(ya)均不(bu)大于所設計的(de)最大允許(xu)電流：它的(de)爬電距離(li)(li)為3mm，絕(jue)緣涂層(ceng)下的(de)爬電距離(li)(li)為1mm，電氣間隙為3mm。

3、電源的設計

本質(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)型便攜式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備最(zui)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)獨立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源是(shi)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)(he)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)(he)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源都屬于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，可按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)最(zui)小點燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)曲(qu)線確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)參數。按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓查出相應最(zui)小點燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，再除以(yi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)系(xi)數值（為(wei)(wei)2），即為(wei)(wei)該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)設(she)計允許(xu)(xu)最(zui)大(da)(da)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最(zui)嚴重(zhong)的(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)直(zhi)接短路(lu)(lu)。因此(ci)，應以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)短路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)作為(wei)(wei)衡量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源本質(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性能的(de)基準。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最(zui)大(da)(da)短路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)于設(she)計允許(xu)(xu)值，必須串加(jia)限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)。并(bing)且，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)或蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)與限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)膠(jiao)(jiao)封(feng)為(wei)(wei)一體(ti)，構成(cheng)本質(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)型組件(jian)。膠(jiao)(jiao)封(feng)材(cai)料有(you)環氧樹(shu)脂、硅橡(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)、工業石蠟等。

例(li)如(ru)，我們在設(she)計鋼弦頻率計時特制(zhi)的本安(an)電池(chi)組(zu)，由4節5#充電電池(chi)串(chuan)接而(er)成，并串(chuan)入(ru)一個用康(kang)銅(tong)絲自制(zhi)的限(xian)流(liu)電阻，其(qi)功率為5.2W。并用環氧樹脂膠液充滿電池(chi)盒整個空(kong)間，灌封(feng)牢固。

煤(mei)礦(kuang)井下(xia)實際應用的本質安(an)全型(xing)電(dian)氣設備，還有許多(duo)采用從動力(li)電(dian)網引入經整流供電(dian)電(dian)源。由于輸入電(dian)路(lu)與動力(li)電(dian)網關聯(lian)，所以(yi)，要設計成隔爆兼本質安(an)全型(xing)。

對(dui)于(yu)隔(ge)爆型電(dian)器(qi)的電(dian)源，是在上(shang)級(ji)斷電(dian)時(shi)，在隔(ge)爆接線(xian)盒內接線(xian)，完成(cheng)電(dian)器(qi)電(dian)源的連通(tong)工作。