一、防爆電器和非防爆電器的區別在哪里

很多人可能不知道防爆電器到底是什么，用在什么場所的，和普通的電器產品有什么區別？為了更好地讓大家明白防爆電器與普通(tong)電器的(de)區別(bie)，在這里給大家(jia)做個簡單的(de)比較。

1、使用區域不同

防爆(bao)電(dian)氣(qi)是(shi)按照電(dian)氣(qi)防爆(bao)國家標準GB3836（氣(qi)體防爆(bao)）或GB12476（粉塵防爆(bao)）設計生(sheng)產并(bing)通(tong)過防爆(bao)認證取得(de)防爆(bao)合格證，可以(yi)用在(zai)危險區域(yu)和安全(quan)區域(yu)；非防爆(bao)的只能在(zai)安全(quan)區域(yu)使(shi)用。

2、裝置不同

防爆電器和普通電器的(de)區別是(shi)防(fang)爆(bao)電器有一個密封(feng)性的(de)殼體。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、防爆電器的設計特點有哪些

1、外殼的設計

便攜式、本質安全型儀器儀表的外(wai)(wai)殼有時采用塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼，有時采用金屬外(wai)(wai)殼。當(dang)選用塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼時，為(wei)保(bao)證塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼正常工(gong)作時不(bu)積聚危險靜電，其表面電阻(zu)不(bu)得超過1×109Ω。塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼應經過抗沖擊試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)和(he)熱(re)穩定試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。

正常運行(xing)產生火花(hua)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧或危險(xian)溫度的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)、功率大于250W或電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大于5A的(de)(de)Ⅰ類電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)，均須(xu)采用接(jie)線盒(he)(he)與設(she)備(bei)主體進(jin)行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)連接(jie)接(jie)線盒(he)(he)就是專供電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜或導(dao)線與電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)進(jin)行(xing)連接(jie)的(de)(de)部件。Ⅰ類隔(ge)爆型電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)廣(guang)泛使用的(de)(de)是隔(ge)爆型接(jie)線。盒(he)(he)接(jie)線盒(he)(he)內壁應涂耐弧漆，接(jie)線盒(he)(he)及主體腔(qiang)上的(de)(de)隔(ge)爆接(jie)合面應做防(fang)銹(xiu)處理(li)，如涂防(fang)銹(xiu)油等。

另外(wai)，對于防爆電器，要在其外(wai)殼的明顯處有永久性(xing)的Ex防爆總標(biao)志及MA安全標(biao)志。

針對(dui)某些(xie)地方煤礦井下存在的(de)電(dian)(dian)機違章操作現(xian)象，我們研制了QF40型小型防爆起動器，其額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓380V，額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)40A。外(wai)(wai)殼設計分為主(zhu)體(ti)腔與接線腔。外(wai)(wai)殼為3mm厚鋼板。隔爆接合面的(de)尺寸及(ji)加工精度(du)符合GB3836.2規定(ding)(ding)。外(wai)(wai)殼外(wai)(wai)形尺寸為437mm×308mm，外(wai)(wai)殼防護等級(ji)為IP54。在外(wai)(wai)殼的(de)正(zheng)前方設有銘(ming)(ming)牌，銘(ming)(ming)牌右上角設有Ex標志(zhi)，防爆標志(zhi)dⅠ（150℃），此外(wai)(wai)，銘(ming)(ming)牌上還(huan)標有名稱、型號(hao)、額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓、額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、防爆合格證編號(hao)、安(an)全標志(zhi)、出廠編號(hao)、制造日(ri)期(qi)等。

2、電路的設計

首先，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)設計要完成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣功能，保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣原理的(de)(de)正確性。其次，防爆(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣間隙(xi)、爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離、絕緣參數必須符合GB3836的(de)(de)規定要求。例如，研(yan)制QF40型(xing)防爆(bao)(bao)起動(dong)器(qi)(qi)時，將接(jie)線柱的(de)(de)爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離設計為不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣間隙(xi)不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)10mm。隔爆(bao)(bao)腔內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)元(yuan)件(jian)及裝(zhuang)配布(bu)置爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣間隙(xi)不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)10mm。隔爆(bao)(bao)接(jie)線腔內設有內接(jie)地(di)螺栓。外殼(ke)設有外接(jie)地(di)螺栓。

研制的(de)(de)(de)本質安全型(xing)鋼弦頻率計(ji)在正常工作和(he)故障狀(zhuang)態下的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)工作電(dian)(dian)流和(he)電(dian)(dian)壓均不大(da)于所(suo)設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)允許電(dian)(dian)流：它的(de)(de)(de)爬電(dian)(dian)距離為(wei)3mm，絕緣涂(tu)層下的(de)(de)(de)爬電(dian)(dian)距離為(wei)1mm，電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)間隙為(wei)3mm。

3、電源的設計

本(ben)質安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)型便攜式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)最(zui)常用的(de)(de)獨立(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)是干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)都屬于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，可按(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)最(zui)小點燃(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)曲線確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)參數(shu)。按(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓查出相(xiang)應(ying)最(zui)小點燃(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，再除以安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)系數(shu)值（為(wei)(wei)2），即為(wei)(wei)該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)設(she)計允(yun)(yun)許最(zui)大(da)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)嚴重的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)直接短路(lu)。因(yin)此(ci)，應(ying)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)衡量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)本(ben)質安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)性能的(de)(de)基準。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)大(da)短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于設(she)計允(yun)(yun)許值，必須串加限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。并(bing)且，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)或蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)與限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)膠封(feng)為(wei)(wei)一體，構成本(ben)質安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)型組件。膠封(feng)材料有環(huan)氧樹脂(zhi)、硅橡膠、工業石蠟等(deng)。

例如，我們在設(she)計鋼弦(xian)頻率計時特制的本安電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)，由4節(jie)5#充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)串(chuan)(chuan)接而(er)成，并串(chuan)(chuan)入(ru)一個用康銅絲自(zi)制的限流電(dian)(dian)阻，其功率為5.2W。并用環氧(yang)樹脂膠液(ye)充滿電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)盒整個空(kong)間，灌封牢固。

煤礦井下(xia)實際應用的本質(zhi)安全(quan)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備，還有許(xu)多采用從動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)引入經整流(liu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。由于輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)路與動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)關聯，所以，要設計(ji)成隔爆兼(jian)本質(zhi)安全(quan)型。

對于(yu)隔爆型(xing)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的電(dian)(dian)源，是在上級斷電(dian)(dian)時，在隔爆接線(xian)盒(he)內接線(xian)，完成電(dian)(dian)器(qi)電(dian)(dian)源的連通工(gong)作(zuo)。