一、防爆電器和非防爆電器的區別在哪里

很多人可能不知道防爆電器到底是什么，用在什么場所的，和普通的電器產品有什么區別？為了更好地讓大家明白防爆電器與普通電器的區別，在這(zhe)里給大(da)家做個簡單的比較。

1、使用區域不同

防(fang)(fang)爆電(dian)氣(qi)是按照電(dian)氣(qi)防(fang)(fang)爆國家標準(zhun)GB3836（氣(qi)體防(fang)(fang)爆）或(huo)GB12476（粉塵防(fang)(fang)爆）設(she)計(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)并通過防(fang)(fang)爆認(ren)證取(qu)得(de)防(fang)(fang)爆合格證，可以用(yong)在(zai)危險區域(yu)和(he)安(an)(an)全(quan)區域(yu)；非(fei)防(fang)(fang)爆的只能在(zai)安(an)(an)全(quan)區域(yu)使(shi)用(yong)。

2、裝置不同

防爆電器和普通電器的(de)區別是(shi)防爆(bao)電器有一個密封性(xing)的(de)殼體。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、防爆電器的設計特點有哪些

1、外殼的設計

便攜(xie)式、本(ben)質安全型儀器儀表的外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)有(you)時采用塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)，有(you)時采用金屬外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)。當選(xuan)用塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)時，為保證(zheng)塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)正常工作時不積聚(ju)危險靜電(dian)，其表面電(dian)阻不得超過(guo)1×109Ω。塑料(liao)外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)應經(jing)過(guo)抗沖擊試(shi)驗和熱穩定試(shi)驗。

正(zheng)常運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)產生(sheng)火(huo)花、電(dian)(dian)弧或(huo)危(wei)險溫(wen)度的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備(bei)、功率大于250W或(huo)電(dian)(dian)流大于5A的(de)(de)(de)Ⅰ類(lei)電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備(bei)，均須采用接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒(he)(he)與(yu)設(she)(she)備(bei)主體進行(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)氣連接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒(he)(he)就是專供電(dian)(dian)纜或(huo)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備(bei)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)連接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)部件(jian)。Ⅰ類(lei)隔(ge)爆(bao)型電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備(bei)廣泛(fan)使用的(de)(de)(de)是隔(ge)爆(bao)型接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)。盒(he)(he)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒(he)(he)內壁(bi)應涂耐(nai)弧漆(qi)，接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒(he)(he)及主體腔上的(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)爆(bao)接(jie)(jie)合面(mian)應做防(fang)(fang)銹(xiu)處理，如涂防(fang)(fang)銹(xiu)油(you)等。

另外，對于防爆電器，要(yao)在其外殼的明顯處有永(yong)久(jiu)性的Ex防爆總標(biao)志及MA安(an)全標(biao)志。

針對某些(xie)地方煤礦(kuang)井下存(cun)在的電機違(wei)章操作現象，我們(men)研制(zhi)(zhi)了QF40型小型防爆(bao)起動器，其(qi)額定(ding)電壓380V，額定(ding)電流40A。外殼(ke)(ke)設計分為主體(ti)腔與接線(xian)腔。外殼(ke)(ke)為3mm厚鋼(gang)板。隔爆(bao)接合面的尺(chi)寸及加工精度符合GB3836.2規定(ding)。外殼(ke)(ke)外形尺(chi)寸為437mm×308mm，外殼(ke)(ke)防護等級為IP54。在外殼(ke)(ke)的正(zheng)前方設有(you)銘(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)，銘(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)右上角設有(you)Ex標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，防爆(bao)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)dⅠ（150℃），此外，銘(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)上還標(biao)(biao)有(you)名稱(cheng)、型號、額定(ding)電壓、額定(ding)電流、防爆(bao)合格證編(bian)號、安全標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)、出(chu)廠編(bian)號、制(zhi)(zhi)造日期等。

2、電路的設計

首(shou)先，電路的(de)設計(ji)要完(wan)成電器(qi)(qi)的(de)電氣功能，保證電氣原理的(de)正(zheng)確性。其次，防(fang)爆(bao)電器(qi)(qi)的(de)電氣間隙、爬電距離、絕緣(yuan)參數必(bi)須符合GB3836的(de)規定要求。例如(ru)，研(yan)制QF40型防(fang)爆(bao)起動器(qi)(qi)時，將接(jie)線(xian)柱(zhu)的(de)爬電距離設計(ji)為不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)16mm，電氣間隙不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆(bao)腔內(nei)電器(qi)(qi)元件及裝配(pei)布置爬電距離不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)16mm，電氣間隙不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆(bao)接(jie)線(xian)腔內(nei)設有(you)內(nei)接(jie)地(di)螺栓(shuan)。外殼設有(you)外接(jie)地(di)螺栓(shuan)。

研制(zhi)的(de)本(ben)質安全型鋼弦頻率計(ji)在正常工(gong)作和(he)故障(zhang)狀態下(xia)的(de)最(zui)(zui)大(da)工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)流和(he)電(dian)(dian)壓均不大(da)于所設計(ji)的(de)最(zui)(zui)大(da)允許電(dian)(dian)流：它的(de)爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)距離為(wei)3mm，絕緣涂層下(xia)的(de)爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)距離為(wei)1mm，電(dian)(dian)氣間隙為(wei)3mm。

3、電源的設計

本(ben)質安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)型(xing)便攜(xie)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)(she)備最(zui)(zui)常用(yong)的(de)獨立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)是(shi)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和(he)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和(he)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)都屬于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，可按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)最(zui)(zui)小(xiao)點燃(ran)(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流曲線確定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)參數(shu)。按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)最(zui)(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)查(cha)出相應(ying)最(zui)(zui)小(xiao)點燃(ran)(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，再除以安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)系數(shu)值(zhi)（為(wei)(wei)2），即為(wei)(wei)該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)允許最(zui)(zui)大安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)最(zui)(zui)嚴重的(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)直接短路(lu)。因此，應(ying)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)最(zui)(zui)大短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流作為(wei)(wei)衡量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)本(ben)質安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)性(xing)能的(de)基準。若(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)最(zui)(zui)大短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大于設(she)(she)計(ji)允許值(zhi)，必須串加限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。并且，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)或蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)與限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)膠封為(wei)(wei)一體，構成本(ben)質安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)型(xing)組件。膠封材料有環氧(yang)樹(shu)脂、硅橡膠、工業石蠟(la)等。

例如，我們(men)在設計鋼弦頻率(lv)計時特制(zhi)的本安電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)，由4節5#充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)串(chuan)接而成，并串(chuan)入一個(ge)用康銅絲自制(zhi)的限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，其功率(lv)為5.2W。并用環氧(yang)樹脂膠液充(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)池(chi)盒整個(ge)空間(jian)，灌封(feng)牢(lao)固。

煤礦(kuang)井下(xia)實際應用的(de)本質(zhi)安全(quan)型電(dian)氣設備，還有許多采用從動(dong)力電(dian)網引入(ru)經(jing)整(zheng)流供電(dian)電(dian)源(yuan)。由于輸入(ru)電(dian)路與(yu)動(dong)力電(dian)網關(guan)聯，所以，要設計(ji)成隔爆兼本質(zhi)安全(quan)型。

對于隔爆型電器的(de)電源，是在上級斷電時，在隔爆接線(xian)盒內接線(xian)，完成電器電源的(de)連通工作(zuo)。