一、防爆電器和非防爆電器的區別在哪里

很多人可能不知道防爆電器到底是什么，用在什么場所的，和普通的電器產品有什么區別？為了更好地讓大家明白防爆電器與(yu)普通電器(qi)的區(qu)別，在這里給大(da)家做(zuo)個簡單的比(bi)較。

1、使用區域不同

防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)是按照電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)國家標準GB3836（氣(qi)體防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)）或GB12476（粉塵防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)）設計生(sheng)產(chan)并(bing)通過防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)認證(zheng)取得防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)合格證(zheng)，可以用在(zai)危險區域和(he)安(an)全(quan)區域；非防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)只能在(zai)安(an)全(quan)區域使用。

2、裝置不同

防爆電器和普通電器的(de)區別(bie)是防爆電(dian)器有(you)一個密封性的(de)殼體。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、防爆電器的設計特點有哪些

1、外殼的設計

便攜式、本質安全型儀器儀表(biao)的(de)外(wai)殼(ke)有時(shi)采用(yong)塑料(liao)外(wai)殼(ke)，有時(shi)采用(yong)金屬外(wai)殼(ke)。當選用(yong)塑料(liao)外(wai)殼(ke)時(shi)，為保證(zheng)塑料(liao)外(wai)殼(ke)正(zheng)常工作(zuo)時(shi)不積(ji)聚危險靜電(dian)(dian)，其表(biao)面電(dian)(dian)阻不得超過1×109Ω。塑料(liao)外(wai)殼(ke)應經過抗沖擊試(shi)驗和熱穩定試(shi)驗。

正常運(yun)行產生火花、電弧或危險溫度(du)的(de)(de)電氣設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)、功(gong)率大(da)于(yu)250W或電流大(da)于(yu)5A的(de)(de)Ⅰ類電氣設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)，均須(xu)采用接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)與設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)主體進行電氣連(lian)接(jie)接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)就是專供電纜或導線(xian)與電氣設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)進行連(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)部件(jian)。Ⅰ類隔(ge)爆(bao)(bao)型電氣設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)廣泛使用的(de)(de)是隔(ge)爆(bao)(bao)型接(jie)線(xian)。盒(he)接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)內壁應涂耐(nai)弧漆(qi)，接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)及(ji)主體腔上的(de)(de)隔(ge)爆(bao)(bao)接(jie)合面應做防銹處理，如涂防銹油等。

另外(wai)，對于防(fang)爆電器，要(yao)在其外(wai)殼的明顯(xian)處有永久性的Ex防(fang)爆總標志及(ji)MA安全標志。

針對某(mou)些地(di)方(fang)煤(mei)礦井下(xia)存在(zai)的(de)(de)電(dian)機違章操(cao)作現象(xiang)，我們研(yan)制了QF40型(xing)小型(xing)防(fang)爆起動(dong)器，其額(e)定電(dian)壓380V，額(e)定電(dian)流40A。外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)設計(ji)分為主(zhu)體腔與接線腔。外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)為3mm厚鋼板。隔爆接合(he)面的(de)(de)尺寸及加工精度符(fu)合(he)GB3836.2規(gui)定。外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)外(wai)(wai)形尺寸為437mm×308mm，外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)防(fang)護(hu)等(deng)級為IP54。在(zai)外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)的(de)(de)正前方(fang)設有銘(ming)牌(pai)(pai)，銘(ming)牌(pai)(pai)右上角(jiao)設有Ex標志(zhi)，防(fang)爆標志(zhi)dⅠ（150℃），此(ci)外(wai)(wai)，銘(ming)牌(pai)(pai)上還標有名稱(cheng)、型(xing)號、額(e)定電(dian)壓、額(e)定電(dian)流、防(fang)爆合(he)格證編(bian)號、安全標志(zhi)、出廠編(bian)號、制造(zao)日期等(deng)。

2、電路的設計

首先，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的設(she)計要完(wan)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)功能，保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)原(yuan)理的正(zheng)確性。其(qi)次，防爆(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)間(jian)隙、爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離、絕緣參數(shu)必須符合GB3836的規定要求(qiu)。例如，研制QF40型防爆(bao)起動器時(shi)，將(jiang)接線柱的爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離設(she)計為不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)間(jian)隙不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)10mm。隔爆(bao)腔內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器元(yuan)件及(ji)裝(zhuang)配布置爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)間(jian)隙不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)10mm。隔爆(bao)接線腔內設(she)有(you)內接地螺栓。外殼設(she)有(you)外接地螺栓。

研制的(de)(de)本質安全型鋼弦頻(pin)率(lv)計在正常工作和故障狀態(tai)下的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)工作電(dian)流和電(dian)壓均不大(da)于所設計的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)允許電(dian)流：它的(de)(de)爬電(dian)距離為(wei)3mm，絕緣涂層下的(de)(de)爬電(dian)距離為(wei)1mm，電(dian)氣間隙(xi)為(wei)3mm。

3、電源的設計

本(ben)質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)型便攜式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備最常用的(de)(de)(de)獨(du)立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)都(dou)屬于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，可(ke)按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路最小點燃(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流曲線確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全(quan)參(can)數。按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池最高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓查(cha)出相(xiang)應最小點燃(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，再(zai)除以安(an)全(quan)系數值(zhi)（為2），即為該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)允許最大(da)(da)安(an)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池最嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池直接短(duan)(duan)路。因此，應以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)短(duan)(duan)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流作為衡(heng)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)本(ben)質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)基準。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池最大(da)(da)短(duan)(duan)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)(da)于(yu)設(she)計(ji)允許值(zhi)，必須(xu)串加限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。并且，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池或蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池與限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)膠封為一體，構成本(ben)質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)型組件。膠封材(cai)料有環氧樹脂(zhi)、硅橡膠、工業石蠟等。

例如，我們在(zai)設(she)計(ji)鋼弦頻率計(ji)時特制的(de)(de)本安電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組，由4節5#充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池串(chuan)接而成，并(bing)串(chuan)入(ru)一個(ge)用康(kang)銅絲自制的(de)(de)限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，其功率為5.2W。并(bing)用環氧樹脂(zhi)膠液(ye)充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池盒整個(ge)空間，灌封牢固。

煤礦井下(xia)實際應用(yong)的本質安全(quan)型電(dian)氣設備，還(huan)有(you)許多采用(yong)從動力(li)電(dian)網引(yin)入經(jing)整流(liu)供(gong)電(dian)電(dian)源。由于輸入電(dian)路與動力(li)電(dian)網關聯(lian)，所以(yi)，要設計成(cheng)隔爆兼本質安全(quan)型。

對于隔爆(bao)型電器的電源(yuan)，是在上級斷電時，在隔爆(bao)接線盒內接線，完(wan)成電器電源(yuan)的連通工作。