一、防爆電器和非防爆電器的區別在哪里

很多人可能不知道防爆電器到底是什么，用在什么場所的，和普通的電器產品有什么區別？為了更好地讓大家明白防爆電器與普通電器的區別，在這里(li)給(gei)大家(jia)做(zuo)個簡單的比較。

1、使用區域不同

防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)電氣(qi)是按照電氣(qi)防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)國家(jia)標準GB3836（氣(qi)體防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)）或(huo)GB12476（粉塵防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)）設計(ji)生產并通過防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)認證(zheng)取得(de)防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)合格證(zheng)，可(ke)以用在(zai)危險區域(yu)和安(an)全區域(yu)；非防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的只(zhi)能在(zai)安(an)全區域(yu)使用。

2、裝置不同

防爆電器和普通電器的區別(bie)是(shi)防爆電器有一(yi)個密封性的殼體(ti)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、防爆電器的設計特點有哪些

1、外殼的設計

便(bian)攜式、本(ben)質安全型儀器(qi)儀表的外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)(ke)有時采用塑(su)(su)(su)料外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)(ke)，有時采用金屬外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)(ke)。當選(xuan)用塑(su)(su)(su)料外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)(ke)時，為保證塑(su)(su)(su)料外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)(ke)正(zheng)常(chang)工作時不(bu)積聚危險靜(jing)電，其表面(mian)電阻不(bu)得超(chao)過1×109Ω。塑(su)(su)(su)料外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)(ke)應經過抗沖擊試(shi)驗和(he)熱穩定(ding)試(shi)驗。

正常運行產生火花、電(dian)(dian)弧或危險(xian)溫度的(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備、功率大于250W或電(dian)(dian)流大于5A的(de)Ⅰ類電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備，均須采(cai)用接(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒與設(she)(she)備主體(ti)進(jin)(jin)行電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)連接(jie)接(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒就是專供(gong)電(dian)(dian)纜或導線(xian)(xian)與電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備進(jin)(jin)行連接(jie)的(de)部件。Ⅰ類隔爆型(xing)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備廣(guang)泛使(shi)用的(de)是隔爆型(xing)接(jie)線(xian)(xian)。盒接(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒內(nei)壁應涂耐(nai)弧漆，接(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒及(ji)主體(ti)腔(qiang)上(shang)的(de)隔爆接(jie)合面應做防銹(xiu)處理，如涂防銹(xiu)油等。

另外(wai)，對于防爆電器，要在其外(wai)殼(ke)的(de)(de)明顯(xian)處有永久(jiu)性的(de)(de)Ex防爆總標志(zhi)及MA安全(quan)標志(zhi)。

針(zhen)對某些地方煤礦井(jing)下存在的電(dian)(dian)(dian)機違章操作(zuo)現象，我們研制(zhi)了QF40型(xing)小型(xing)防(fang)爆(bao)起動器，其(qi)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓380V，額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流40A。外(wai)殼設計(ji)分為(wei)(wei)主體腔(qiang)與接線(xian)腔(qiang)。外(wai)殼為(wei)(wei)3mm厚鋼(gang)板(ban)。隔爆(bao)接合面(mian)的尺寸(cun)及加(jia)工(gong)精度(du)符合GB3836.2規定(ding)。外(wai)殼外(wai)形尺寸(cun)為(wei)(wei)437mm×308mm，外(wai)殼防(fang)護等級為(wei)(wei)IP54。在外(wai)殼的正前方設有銘(ming)牌，銘(ming)牌右上角設有Ex標(biao)志，防(fang)爆(bao)標(biao)志dⅠ（150℃），此外(wai)，銘(ming)牌上還標(biao)有名稱、型(xing)號(hao)、額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流、防(fang)爆(bao)合格證(zheng)編(bian)號(hao)、安全標(biao)志、出廠編(bian)號(hao)、制(zhi)造(zao)日期(qi)等。

2、電路的設計

首先，電(dian)路(lu)的(de)設計要完(wan)成(cheng)電(dian)器的(de)電(dian)氣(qi)功能，保證(zheng)電(dian)氣(qi)原理(li)的(de)正確性。其次，防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)電(dian)器的(de)電(dian)氣(qi)間(jian)隙、爬(pa)電(dian)距離、絕緣參數必須符合GB3836的(de)規定(ding)要求。例如，研制QF40型防(fang)爆(bao)(bao)起動(dong)器時(shi)，將接(jie)線(xian)柱的(de)爬(pa)電(dian)距離設計為不小(xiao)(xiao)于16mm，電(dian)氣(qi)間(jian)隙不小(xiao)(xiao)于10mm。隔爆(bao)(bao)腔內(nei)(nei)電(dian)器元件及裝配布(bu)置爬(pa)電(dian)距離不小(xiao)(xiao)于16mm，電(dian)氣(qi)間(jian)隙不小(xiao)(xiao)于10mm。隔爆(bao)(bao)接(jie)線(xian)腔內(nei)(nei)設有內(nei)(nei)接(jie)地螺栓。外殼設有外接(jie)地螺栓。

研(yan)制的本(ben)質安全型鋼(gang)弦(xian)頻(pin)率計在正(zheng)常工(gong)作(zuo)和故(gu)障狀態下的最大工(gong)作(zuo)電流和電壓(ya)均(jun)不大于所設計的最大允許電流：它的爬電距離為(wei)3mm，絕緣涂層下的爬電距離為(wei)1mm，電氣間隙為(wei)3mm。

3、電源的設計

本質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)型便攜(xie)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)最(zui)(zui)(zui)常用的獨立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)是干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)都屬于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，可按(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)點(dian)燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)曲線確定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全(quan)(quan)參數。按(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)(zui)(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓查出相應(ying)最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)點(dian)燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，再(zai)除以安(an)全(quan)(quan)系數值(zhi)（為(wei)2），即為(wei)該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的設計(ji)允(yun)許(xu)(xu)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)安(an)全(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)(zui)(zui)嚴重(zhong)的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)直接(jie)短(duan)路。因(yin)此(ci)，應(ying)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)短(duan)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)作為(wei)衡量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)本質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)性能的基準。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)短(duan)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)于設計(ji)允(yun)許(xu)(xu)值(zhi)，必須串加限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。并(bing)且，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)或蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)與限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)膠封(feng)為(wei)一體，構成本質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)型組件。膠封(feng)材料有(you)環氧樹脂、硅橡膠、工(gong)業石蠟等。

例如，我們在設計鋼(gang)弦頻率計時特制(zhi)的(de)本安電(dian)池(chi)組，由4節5#充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)串(chuan)接(jie)而(er)成，并(bing)(bing)串(chuan)入一個用康銅絲自制(zhi)的(de)限(xian)流電(dian)阻，其功率為5.2W。并(bing)(bing)用環氧樹脂(zhi)膠液充滿電(dian)池(chi)盒整個空間，灌封牢固(gu)。

煤(mei)礦井下(xia)實際應用的(de)本(ben)質安全型(xing)電(dian)氣設備(bei)，還有許(xu)多采(cai)用從(cong)動力(li)電(dian)網(wang)引入經整流供(gong)電(dian)電(dian)源。由于輸入電(dian)路與(yu)動力(li)電(dian)網(wang)關(guan)聯，所以(yi)，要設計成隔爆兼本(ben)質安全型(xing)。

對于隔爆型(xing)電器的(de)電源(yuan)，是在(zai)上級斷電時，在(zai)隔爆接線(xian)盒內接線(xian)，完成電器電源(yuan)的(de)連通工作。