一、風電變流器一般分為哪幾種
風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變流(liu)器主要功(gong)能是通過控制發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁轉矩,從而使風機(ji)處(chu)于最佳(jia)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率狀態,同時將(jiang)風力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)發(fa)出的(de)(de)頻(pin)率、幅(fu)值(zhi)不穩定的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能,轉換為頻(pin)率、幅(fu)值(zhi)穩定的(de)(de)、符合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網要求的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能后并入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網。風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變流(liu)器的(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei)主要有兩(liang)種(zhong):
1、雙饋式風電變流器
雙(shuang)饋式變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)流器主要在風力發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中配套雙(shuang)饋發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)使用,當風速(su)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)導(dao)致(zhi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)轉速(su)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)時,變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)流器通過控制發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)轉子的(de)勵(li)磁來改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)轉子的(de)磁場(chang),使發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓、頻率、幅值和電(dian)(dian)網保持(chi)一致(zhi),從而(er)實現風電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)恒頻發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)。
雙饋型(xing)風機(ji)(ji)變(bian)(bian)流器的(de)(de)(de)作用就是為(wei)(wei)了生(sheng)成這個頻率(lv)旋轉磁場(chang)而提供交變(bian)(bian)電(dian)流。在實際運轉過程啟動后,風機(ji)(ji)發出的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)能將會通過變(bian)(bian)流器反饋給電(dian)網(約(yue)占風機(ji)(ji)總功率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)35~40%),此(ci)類(lei)型(xing)風機(ji)(ji)因之稱為(wei)(wei)雙饋型(xing)風機(ji)(ji)。
2、全功率式風電變流器
全(quan)功率式的(de)(de)風電變(bian)(bian)流器(qi)主(zhu)要配套直驅(qu)/半直驅(qu)發電機(ji)以及異步發電機(ji)使用,由機(ji)側(ce)(ce)(ce)變(bian)(bian)換器(qi)和網(wang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)變(bian)(bian)換器(qi)組成,兩者(zhe)通過直流母線連接,機(ji)側(ce)(ce)(ce)變(bian)(bian)換器(qi)實現電機(ji)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)頻調速,獲得最佳的(de)(de)發電效率,而網(wang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)變(bian)(bian)換器(qi)接入(ru)電網(wang),提供優質的(de)(de)電能輸出(chu)。
這種風(feng)電(dian)變流器因發電(dian)機的(de)全(quan)部電(dian)能都通過變流器傳輸到電(dian)網側,因此稱為全(quan)功率式風(feng)電(dian)變流器。
二、風電變流器雙饋式的好還是全功率式的好
風(feng)電(dian)變(bian)流器主要有(you)雙饋式(shi)和全功率式(shi)兩種類型,這兩種風(feng)電(dian)變(bian)流器有(you)所(suo)差(cha)別,到底(di)哪(na)種更好呢?
1、雙饋式風電變流器的優缺點
雙饋發電系統(tong)中,風輪(lun)直接或(huo)通過升速(su)齒(chi)輪(lun)箱(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)發電機(ji)主軸(zhou)連接,具備轉速(su)調(diao)節范圍(wei)大(da)、變流器所需容量小、成本(ben)低的優勢(shi),但劣勢(shi)是齒(chi)輪(lun)箱(xiang)(xiang)會帶(dai)來后(hou)期故障和維護成本(ben)。
2、全功率式風電變流器的優缺點
全功(gong)率變(bian)(bian)流器(qi)具(ju)有效率高、節省(sheng)齒(chi)輪箱的優勢,但其整(zheng)體體積(ji)大,且變(bian)(bian)流器(qi)容量大、成本貴,使得(de)目(mu)前(qian)全功(gong)率變(bian)(bian)流器(qi)成本比(bi)雙饋變(bian)(bian)流器(qi)要高(大概貴40%左右)。
綜上所述,兩種風電(dian)變流器各(ge)(ge)有各(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)優缺點,并不好(hao)說(shuo)哪種更好(hao),如何選擇主要還是看風力發電(dian)機組的(de)(de)需要。