如何正確安裝木地板 防止踩踏發出聲響

多(duo)種原(yuan)因都能導(dao)致地板產生響聲。為了避免響聲的(de)出(chu)現，要選擇正確(que)的(de)安裝方(fang)法，搞好地板的(de)防潮處(chu)理(li)，合理(li)預留縫隙，為消費者(zhe)提(ti)供正確(que)使用(yong)維護方(fang)法。地板的(de)響聲一(yi)旦出(chu)現是(shi)很難處(chu)理(li)，所以(yi)要采取(qu)積極的(de)預防措施就顯的(de)十分重要。找出(chu)原(yuan)因以(yi)后對癥下藥(yao)。

想讓地板沒有(you)響(xiang)(xiang)聲，就要先找出地板發出響(xiang)(xiang)聲的原(yuan)因，一般來說，地板有(you)響(xiang)(xiang)聲的原(yuan)因有(you)以下幾點：

按照木(mu)地(di)(di)板(ban)鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、驗收(shou)和使用規范(GB/T20238-2006)，地(di)(di)面(mian)的平整度為(wei)≤5mm/2m，安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)木(mu)龍骨后(hou)的平整度為(wei)≤3mm/2m，實際(ji)地(di)(di)面(mian)的平整度很難達到要求，安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)人(ren)員不(bu)得(de)不(bu)在木(mu)龍骨的下面(mian)加(jia)墊(dian)片(pian)，有(you)的是(shi)墊(dian)片(pian)沒(mei)有(you)墊(dian)實或者沒(mei)有(you)墊(dian)平，地(di)(di)板(ban)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)后(hou)，地(di)(di)板(ban)的部(bu)分位置沒(mei)有(you)完全與木(mu)龍骨接觸，人(ren)們在地(di)(di)板(ban)上走動(dong)時(shi)就產生響聲(sheng)。這(zhe)種(zhong)情況(kuang)是(shi)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)后(hou)立即就會響，而(er)且是(shi)局部(bu)的。

1、木龍骨的距離不宜太遠，不要超過350mm。

有的木龍骨的距(ju)離在(zai)450mm或者還(huan)要遠，當體(ti)重較大(da)的人員單腳踩在(zai)單條(tiao)地(di)板(ban)上(shang)時，地(di)板(ban)向下產生較大(da)的撓度，地(di)板(ban)側邊(bian)與相鄰的地(di)板(ban)發生摩(mo)擦，產生響聲。如果(guo)是這(zhe)種原因，只要踩單條(tiao)地(di)板(ban)就(jiu)會響，踩多(duo)條(tiao)地(di)板(ban)就(jiu)不會響，而且也是安裝后(hou)就(jiu)會發生。

2、木龍骨的含水率相差較大

有(you)些地(di)區，木(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)不(bu)進(jin)行干(gan)燥，隨意在露天堆放，木(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)含水率(lv)相(xiang)差較(jiao)大。同批木(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)中(zhong)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)含水率(lv)在10%左(zuo)右(you)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)達25%以上(shang)。即使(shi)是(shi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)人員(yuan)把木(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)找的(de)(de)(de)很平(ping)，地(di)板安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)后(hou)暫(zan)時可能不(bu)響，在使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程中(zhong)，木(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)含水率(lv)重新平(ping)衡后(hou)，就(jiu)會出現高(gao)低不(bu)平(ping)，走動在地(di)板上(shang)面(mian)就(jiu)會產生響聲。特點是(shi)：安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)時不(bu)響，在使(shi)用(yong)一段時間(jian)后(hou)響。產生響聲區域不(bu)多。北(bei)京地(di)區大的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)牌用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)木(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)都(dou)要進(jin)行干(gan)燥，也有(you)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)銷(xiao)商采取打(da)完木(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)，暫(zan)時不(bu)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)地(di)板，放置一周(zhou)左(zuo)右(you)，重新找平(ping)再鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，就(jiu)可以降(jiang)低此類問題的(de)(de)(de)發生概(gai)率(lv)。

3、防潮措施不當

地板安(an)裝(zhuang)時(shi)，由于防潮措施不當(dang)，地板受潮后(hou)(hou)產生瓦(wa)狀變形(xing)，瓦(wa)狀變形(xing)比(bi)較嚴重時(shi)地板并不會(hui)(hui)產生響聲，因為地板過度膨脹，相(xiang)互(hu)之間(jian)(jian)擠(ji)的比(bi)較緊，此(ci)時(shi)人們(men)在地板上走動，地板也(ye)不會(hui)(hui)上下(xia)運動，因此(ci)也(ye)不會(hui)(hui)產生相(xiang)互(hu)的摩(mo)擦(ca)和(he)響聲。消(xiao)費者主要投(tou)訴的是地板變形(xing)或(huo)板面擠(ji)裂。如果地面的水分跑(pao)完以(yi)后(hou)(hou)，地板的水分繼續下(xia)降到(dao)正常狀態，地板之間(jian)(jian)出現了(le)縫隙，地板的瓦(wa)狀還沒(mei)有完全消(xiao)失，瓦(wa)狀的地板在木(mu)龍骨的上面象蹺(qiao)(qiao)蹺(qiao)(qiao)板一(yi)樣，人們(men)在地板上走動時(shi)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)感到(dao)處處都響。

這種情(qing)況(kuang)是先經(jing)歷了(le)一(yi)個潮(chao)濕期，然后再進入(ru)干燥期后才發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)，多(duo)出現在(zai)北方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冬季。另(ling)外，還有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)種較特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)，在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)安裝過(guo)程(cheng)中，雖然防潮(chao)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)做好(hao)，由于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)水分不(bu)(bu)是很高(gao)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)出現了(le)輕微的(de)(de)(de)(de)鼓包和輕微的(de)(de)(de)(de)瓦(wa)狀變形，甚至在(zai)視覺上還沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)感覺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)已(yi)經(jing)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鼓包和瓦(wa)狀變形。實(shi)際上地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)已(yi)經(jing)與(yu)木龍(long)骨之間(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)輕微的(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隙，當(dang)人(ren)們(men)踩(cai)(cai)(cai)在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)上就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)聲(sheng)。這類問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點是地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)安裝后很短時間(jian)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)聲(sheng)，而且越來(lai)越多(duo)，越來(lai)越重。最短的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)，在(zai)安裝次日就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)也經(jing)常問：踩(cai)(cai)(cai)同一(yi)處地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)，第一(yi)腳踩(cai)(cai)(cai)下會(hui)(hui)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，踩(cai)(cai)(cai)幾腳以后就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)了(le)，過(guo)一(yi)會(hui)(hui)重新(xin)踩(cai)(cai)(cai)這個地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)又(you)會(hui)(hui)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，這是為什(shen)么(me)?其(qi)(qi)實(shi)很簡(jian)單，我(wo)(wo)們(men)多(duo)次踩(cai)(cai)(cai)同一(yi)個地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)時，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)已(yi)經(jing)與(yu)木龍(long)骨嚴(yan)密接觸，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)上下運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)空間(jian)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)也就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)了(le)。當(dang)我(wo)(wo)們(men)踩(cai)(cai)(cai)其(qi)(qi)它(ta)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)時，這里的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)又(you)凸起，與(yu)木龍(long)骨有(you)(you)(you)了(le)間(jian)隙，所以，再次踩(cai)(cai)(cai)這個地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)又(you)會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)聲(sheng)。

4、預留縫隙不足

實木(mu)地板(ban)(ban)有干縮濕脹的特性，安裝地板(ban)(ban)時必須(xu)根據地板(ban)(ban)實際的含(han)(han)水率(lv)，木(mu)材的干縮系數，本地區的平衡含(han)(han)水率(lv)合理預留地板(ban)(ban)條之間的縫隙。

假如地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)時地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)條之間(jian)的(de)預(yu)留縫(feng)隙不足，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)產(chan)生(sheng)輕微的(de)擠壓，個別地(di)(di)方輕微凸起，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與木(mu)龍骨或墊層之間(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)間(jian)隙，人在地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)(shang)行走產(chan)生(sheng)響聲(sheng)。根據木(mu)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)、驗收和使(shi)用規范(GB/T20238-2006)，實木(mu)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)時，在木(mu)龍骨上(shang)(shang)打墊層，并在墊層上(shang)(shang)面鋪(pu)防潮膜(mo)，可以(yi)有效的(de)控(kong)制外界(jie)環境對地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)影響，預(yu)防地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)瓦(wa)狀變形(xing)。墊層通(tong)常用毛地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或人造板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，許多安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)人員在使(shi)用膠合(he)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或細(xi)(xi)木(mu)工板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)做墊層時，整張將細(xi)(xi)木(mu)工或膠合(he)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪(pu)在木(mu)龍骨的(de)上(shang)(shang)面，而且(qie)墊層之間(jian)沒留縫(feng)隙，受(shou)潮后墊層起鼓，導致(zhi)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)起鼓，也會產(chan)生(sheng)響聲(sheng)。

地板(ban)下面的(de)墊(dian)層應(ying)鋸切成尺寸(cun)不(bu)大(da)于600×600mm，每塊墊(dian)層間要留不(bu)小于5mm的(de)縫(feng)隙。然后再在墊(dian)層上(shang)面鋪防潮膜(mo)，在防潮膜(mo)上(shang)面安裝地板(ban)，并(bing)科學合理預留縫(feng)隙。就(jiu)可以解決大(da)部分(fen)的(de)響(xiang)聲(sheng)。

綜上，多種原因都能導致地板產生響聲。為了避免響聲的出現，要選擇正確的安裝方法，搞好地板的防潮處理，合理預留縫隙，為消費者提供正確使用維護方法。地板的響聲一旦出現是很難處理，所以要采取積極的預防措施就顯的十分重要。找出原因以后對癥下藥。