如何正確安裝木地板 防止踩踏發出聲響

多種原(yuan)因都能導致地板產生響聲(sheng)。為(wei)了避免響聲(sheng)的出(chu)現(xian)，要選(xuan)擇正確的安裝方(fang)(fang)法(fa)，搞好地板的防潮處(chu)理，合(he)理預(yu)留縫(feng)隙，為(wei)消費者提供正確使用維護方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。地板的響聲(sheng)一旦(dan)出(chu)現(xian)是很(hen)難處(chu)理，所以要采(cai)取積(ji)極(ji)的預(yu)防措(cuo)施就顯的十分重要。找(zhao)出(chu)原(yuan)因以后對癥下(xia)藥。

想讓(rang)地板沒有(you)響(xiang)(xiang)聲，就要(yao)先(xian)找出(chu)地板發出(chu)響(xiang)(xiang)聲的原(yuan)因(yin)，一般來說(shuo)，地板有(you)響(xiang)(xiang)聲的原(yuan)因(yin)有(you)以下幾(ji)點：

按(an)照木地板鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、驗(yan)收和使用規范(fan)(GB/T20238-2006)，地面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整度(du)(du)為≤5mm/2m，安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)木龍(long)骨后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整度(du)(du)為≤3mm/2m，實際地面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整度(du)(du)很難(nan)達(da)到要(yao)求，安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)人員不得不在木龍(long)骨的(de)(de)(de)下面(mian)加墊片，有的(de)(de)(de)是墊片沒(mei)有墊實或者沒(mei)有墊平(ping)，地板安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)后(hou)(hou)，地板的(de)(de)(de)部分位(wei)置沒(mei)有完全與木龍(long)骨接(jie)觸，人們在地板上走動時就產生響(xiang)聲。這種(zhong)情況是安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)后(hou)(hou)立即就會響(xiang)，而(er)且是局部的(de)(de)(de)。

1、木龍骨的距離不宜太遠，不要超過350mm。

有(you)的木龍骨的距離在(zai)(zai)450mm或者還(huan)要(yao)遠，當體重(zhong)較大的人員(yuan)單腳踩(cai)(cai)(cai)在(zai)(zai)單條地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)上(shang)時，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)向下(xia)產生(sheng)較大的撓(nao)度，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)側(ce)邊與相(xiang)鄰(lin)的地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)摩(mo)擦，產生(sheng)響(xiang)聲。如果(guo)是(shi)(shi)這種原(yuan)因，只要(yao)踩(cai)(cai)(cai)單條地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)就會響(xiang)，踩(cai)(cai)(cai)多(duo)條地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)就不會響(xiang)，而且也是(shi)(shi)安裝后(hou)就會發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。

2、木龍骨的含水率相差較大

有(you)些地(di)區(qu)，木龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)不(bu)進行(xing)干燥(zao)，隨(sui)意在露(lu)天堆放(fang)(fang)，木龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)的(de)含(han)(han)水率(lv)(lv)相差(cha)較大。同批木龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)中，有(you)的(de)含(han)(han)水率(lv)(lv)在10%左右，有(you)的(de)高達25%以上(shang)。即使(shi)是(shi)安(an)裝人(ren)員把木龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)找的(de)很平，地(di)板(ban)安(an)裝后暫時可能不(bu)響(xiang)，在使(shi)用過(guo)程(cheng)中，木龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)的(de)含(han)(han)水率(lv)(lv)重新(xin)平衡后，就(jiu)會出現高低(di)不(bu)平，走動在地(di)板(ban)上(shang)面就(jiu)會產生響(xiang)聲。特點(dian)是(shi)：安(an)裝時不(bu)響(xiang)，在使(shi)用一段時間后響(xiang)。產生響(xiang)聲區(qu)域不(bu)多(duo)。北京地(di)區(qu)大的(de)品牌用的(de)木龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)都要進行(xing)干燥(zao)，也有(you)的(de)經銷(xiao)商采取打完(wan)木龍(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)，暫時不(bu)安(an)裝地(di)板(ban)，放(fang)(fang)置一周(zhou)左右，重新(xin)找平再(zai)鋪裝，就(jiu)可以降低(di)此類問(wen)題(ti)的(de)發生概(gai)率(lv)(lv)。

3、防潮措施不當

地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)安裝時(shi)，由于防潮(chao)措施不(bu)當，地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)受潮(chao)后(hou)產生瓦狀(zhuang)(zhuang)變(bian)形(xing)，瓦狀(zhuang)(zhuang)變(bian)形(xing)比(bi)較(jiao)嚴(yan)重時(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)并(bing)不(bu)會(hui)產生響(xiang)(xiang)聲，因為地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)過度膨脹，相互之間(jian)擠的(de)(de)比(bi)較(jiao)緊(jin)，此(ci)時(shi)人們(men)在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)上(shang)(shang)走動，地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)也(ye)不(bu)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)下運動，因此(ci)也(ye)不(bu)會(hui)產生相互的(de)(de)摩擦和響(xiang)(xiang)聲。消(xiao)費者(zhe)主要投(tou)訴的(de)(de)是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)變(bian)形(xing)或板(ban)(ban)面擠裂。如果地(di)(di)(di)(di)面的(de)(de)水(shui)分跑完(wan)(wan)以后(hou)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)水(shui)分繼續(xu)下降(jiang)到正常狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)之間(jian)出現了縫隙，地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)瓦狀(zhuang)(zhuang)還沒(mei)有完(wan)(wan)全消(xiao)失，瓦狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)在(zai)木龍骨的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)面象蹺(qiao)蹺(qiao)板(ban)(ban)一樣，人們(men)在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)上(shang)(shang)走動時(shi)就會(hui)感到處(chu)處(chu)都(dou)響(xiang)(xiang)。

這種情況是先經(jing)歷了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個潮濕(shi)期(qi)，然后(hou)再進入干燥(zao)期(qi)后(hou)才發生(sheng)，多(duo)出現在北方的(de)(de)冬季。另外，還有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種較(jiao)特(te)殊的(de)(de)情況，在地板(ban)安(an)裝過程中，雖(sui)然防潮沒(mei)有(you)(you)做(zuo)好(hao)，由于地面(mian)的(de)(de)水分(fen)不(bu)是很高，地板(ban)出現了(le)(le)輕(qing)(qing)(qing)微的(de)(de)鼓包和輕(qing)(qing)(qing)微的(de)(de)瓦狀變(bian)形，甚至在視(shi)覺(jue)上還沒(mei)有(you)(you)感覺(jue)地板(ban)已(yi)經(jing)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)鼓包和瓦狀變(bian)形。實際上地板(ban)已(yi)經(jing)與(yu)木(mu)龍(long)(long)骨之間(jian)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)了(le)(le)輕(qing)(qing)(qing)微的(de)(de)間(jian)隙，當人(ren)們(men)(men)踩在地板(ban)上就會產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)響(xiang)聲(sheng)。這類問題的(de)(de)特(te)點是地板(ban)安(an)裝后(hou)很短(duan)時間(jian)就會產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)響(xiang)聲(sheng)，而且(qie)越(yue)來越(yue)多(duo)，越(yue)來越(yue)重。最短(duan)的(de)(de)時間(jian)，在安(an)裝次(ci)日就會響(xiang)。有(you)(you)人(ren)也(ye)經(jing)常問：踩同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)處地板(ban)，第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)腳踩下會響(xiang)，踩幾腳以后(hou)就不(bu)響(xiang)了(le)(le)，過一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)會重新踩這個地方又會響(xiang)，這是為什么?其(qi)實很簡(jian)單(dan)，我們(men)(men)多(duo)次(ci)踩同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個地方時，地板(ban)已(yi)經(jing)與(yu)木(mu)龍(long)(long)骨嚴密接觸(chu)，地板(ban)沒(mei)有(you)(you)上下運動的(de)(de)空間(jian)，地板(ban)也(ye)就不(bu)響(xiang)了(le)(le)。當我們(men)(men)踩其(qi)它地方時，這里的(de)(de)地板(ban)又凸(tu)起，與(yu)木(mu)龍(long)(long)骨有(you)(you)了(le)(le)間(jian)隙，所以，再次(ci)踩這個地方又會產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)響(xiang)聲(sheng)。

4、預留縫隙不足

實(shi)木地(di)板有干(gan)縮濕脹的特性，安裝地(di)板時必須(xu)根據地(di)板實(shi)際的含水率，木材的干(gan)縮系數，本地(di)區的平衡含水率合理預(yu)留地(di)板條之間的縫隙。

假如地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)安裝時(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)條之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)預(yu)留縫(feng)隙(xi)不(bu)足，地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)產(chan)生(sheng)輕(qing)微的(de)擠壓(ya)，個別地(di)(di)(di)方輕(qing)微凸起，地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)與(yu)木(mu)龍骨或墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)間(jian)隙(xi)，人(ren)在地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)行(xing)走(zou)產(chan)生(sheng)響聲(sheng)。根(gen)據木(mu)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪(pu)(pu)裝、驗收和(he)使(shi)用規范(GB/T20238-2006)，實木(mu)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)安裝時(shi)(shi)，在木(mu)龍骨上(shang)打墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)，并在墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)面鋪(pu)(pu)防潮(chao)膜，可以有效的(de)控制外界(jie)環境對(dui)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)影響，預(yu)防地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)瓦狀變形。墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)通(tong)常用毛地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)或人(ren)造板(ban)(ban)(ban)，許多安裝人(ren)員在使(shi)用膠合板(ban)(ban)(ban)或細木(mu)工板(ban)(ban)(ban)做墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)時(shi)(shi)，整張將(jiang)細木(mu)工或膠合板(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪(pu)(pu)在木(mu)龍骨的(de)上(shang)面，而且墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間(jian)沒留縫(feng)隙(xi)，受(shou)潮(chao)后(hou)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)起鼓(gu)，導致地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)起鼓(gu)，也會產(chan)生(sheng)響聲(sheng)。

地板下面的墊(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)應鋸(ju)切成尺寸不大于600×600mm，每塊墊(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)間要留(liu)不小于5mm的縫隙(xi)。然(ran)后再(zai)在墊(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)上面鋪(pu)防潮膜，在防潮膜上面安裝地板，并(bing)科學合理預留(liu)縫隙(xi)。就可以解(jie)決大部分的響聲。

綜上，多種原因都能導致地板產生響聲。為了避免響聲的出現，要選擇正確的安裝方法，搞好地板的防潮處理，合理預留縫隙，為消費者提供正確使用維護方法。地板的響聲一旦出現是很難處理，所以要采取積極的預防措施就顯的十分重要。找出原因以后對癥下藥。