一.產品介紹
鳳(feng)岡(gang)縣琊川鎮獨特(te)的(de)土壤(rang)、光照及(ji)水等(deng)地(di)域條件,造就了(le)琊川貢米(mi)味美、粒實飽滿、飯香四溢的(de)獨特(te)品質(zhi)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土壤地(di)(di)貌情況:琊川貢米(mi)產(chan)地(di)(di)平(ping)均海(hai)拔820米(mi),土壤主要為(wei)黃(huang)壤、黃(huang)色石灰土、紫色土,土壤養分:有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)均含(han)量27.82g/kg,全氮1.74g/kg,速效(xiao)磷17.44g/kg,堿解氮124.12g/kg, 速效(xiao)鉀129.1 g/kg ,緩效(xiao)鉀338.96g/kg。 (2)水(shui)文(wen)情況:境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)氣候溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和濕潤(run),水(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)較為(wei)豐富(fu),年平(ping)均降雨(yu)量1019.8毫(hao)米(mi),人均占有(you)水(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)量1879立方(fang)米(mi)。森林(lin)覆蓋率68%。 屬中亞熱帶(dai)濕潤(run)季風(feng)氣候,境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)最高氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)39.2°C,最低氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)-6.2°C,年平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)15.3°C,無(wu)霜期年均280天,年平(ping)均日照時間(jian)1078.6小(xiao)時,土地(di)(di)肥(fei)沃,無(wu)工業污染(ran),區內(nei)(nei)(nei)活(huo)動積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)有(you)利于水(shui)稻生產(chan)和品質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)形(xing)成(cheng),水(shui)稻灌漿期的(de)7月至9月,日均溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差利于優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)淀粉顆粒的(de)形(xing)成(cheng)和香氣物質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)積累。
三.地域范圍
琊(ya)川貢米地域保護范圍(wei)為(wei)鳳岡縣琊(ya)川鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、進化(hua)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、何壩鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、蜂巖鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、天橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等5個鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),36個村,735個村民(min)小組,地理坐標(biao)為(wei):東經107°35'—107°54',北緯27°32'—27°57'。保護面積為(wei)12475.58公頃。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在品質及感(gan)官(guan):琊川貢米粒型長,整精米率高,堊白度和(he)堊白率低。圓潤(run)飽滿,色澤光亮、潔(jie)白透明,自然清香,蒸煮(zhu)成飯后口感(gan)松軟(ruan)柔和(he),糯而不(bu)膩、適口性好,冷飯不(bu)回生。 (2)內在品質:該(gai)產品蛋白質含(han)量為≥4g/100g、直鏈淀粉含(han)量14-20%、堊百(bai)度≤10%、膠稠度≥55mm、硒含(han)量0.025-0.1mg/kg,鋅含(han)量10.28-20 mg/kg。
五.特定生產方式
(1)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)用(yong):選(xuan)擇抗性強的(de)優質水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)如:宜香(xiang)(xiang)優2215、豐優香(xiang)(xiang)占、玉針香(xiang)(xiang)等品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 (2)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi):嚴格卡死播(bo)(bo)(bo)期(qi),適時(shi)早播(bo)(bo)(bo),播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)4月1日—20日。 (3)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苗(miao)技(ji)術(shu) 可采(cai)取(qu)(qu)機插(cha)(cha)(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、無(wu)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)旱育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和無(wu)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)濕(shi)潤育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。 無(wu)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)旱育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):選(xuan)用(yong)旱地(di)(di)(di)或炕冬(dong)田(tian)(tian)作(zuo)(zuo)苗(miao)床(chuang)(chuang),播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)30天(tian)用(yong)沼(zhao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或豬(zhu)糞培肥(fei)(fei)(fei)床(chuang)(chuang)土(tu)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)耕翻(fan)苗(miao)床(chuang)(chuang),碎土(tu)作(zuo)(zuo)廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寬3.6尺,高3寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)溝寬1.2尺,長(chang)度(du)不(bu)(bu)能超過(guo)6丈。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)用(yong)旱育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)姆拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),澆足水(shui)(shui)(shui)分,每平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)芽(ya)谷(gu)40-50克。播(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)(hou)蓋細(xi)土(tu)后(hou)(hou)噴專用(yong)除草(cao)劑,再平(ping)(ping)蓋一(yi)層地(di)(di)(di)膜,然(ran)后(hou)(hou)拱(gong)架覆(fu)蓋無(wu)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)保(bao)(bao)濕(shi)。出苗(miao)后(hou)(hou)揭去(qu)地(di)(di)(di)膜。 機插(cha)(cha)(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):采(cai)用(yong)半(ban)(ban)旱式(shi)(shi)(shi)機插(cha)(cha)(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi),每秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)盤(pan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)2200粒左右(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子。放好秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)盤(pan)后(hou)(hou)平(ping)(ping)蓋一(yi)層地(di)(di)(di)膜,然(ran)后(hou)(hou)拱(gong)架覆(fu)蓋無(wu)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)保(bao)(bao)濕(shi)。出苗(miao)后(hou)(hou)揭去(qu)地(di)(di)(di)膜。 無(wu)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)濕(shi)潤育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):選(xuan)用(yong)有水(shui)(shui)(shui)源的(de)稻(dao)田(tian)(tian)作(zuo)(zuo)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)床(chuang)(chuang),播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)30天(tian)用(yong)沼(zhao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或豬(zhu)糞培肥(fei)(fei)(fei)床(chuang)(chuang)土(tu)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)耕翻(fan)苗(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寬3.6尺,高3寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)溝寬1.2尺,長(chang)度(du)不(bu)(bu)能超過(guo)6丈,廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)溝中保(bao)(bao)持半(ban)(ban)溝水(shui)(shui)(shui),廂(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)面保(bao)(bao)持濕(shi)潤。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)催芽(ya),然(ran)后(hou)(hou)用(yong)拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)劑拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)芽(ya)谷(gu)40-50克,然(ran)后(hou)(hou)拱(gong)架覆(fu)蓋無(wu)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)保(bao)(bao)濕(shi)。 (4)大田(tian)(tian)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)技(ji)術(shu) 整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di):移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)前(qian)12—15天(tian)精細(xi)整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di),力(li)求平(ping)(ping)整(zheng),并利用(yong)淹水(shui)(shui)(shui)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)雜(za)草(cao)發生,移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)前(qian)三(san)天(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)耙耢平(ping)(ping),做到田(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)、泥爛、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)勻、水(shui)(shui)(shui)淺,寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不(bu)(bu)露(lu)泥。 移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)、合(he)理(li)(li)密植:適時(shi)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai),盡(jin)可能提早移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)期(qi),移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)期(qi)控制在(zai)5月25日以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)內,移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)可采(cai)取(qu)(qu)眾人工(gong)栽(zai)(zai)插(cha)(cha)(cha)、機插(cha)(cha)(cha)或拋(pao)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。人工(gong)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)密度(du):采(cai)取(qu)(qu)寬窄行(xing)(xing)拉繩定距移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai),寬行(xing)(xing)1尺,窄行(xing)(xing)6寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),株距5—6寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),確保(bao)(bao)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)密度(du)1.2萬(wan)窩/畝(mu)(mu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。拋(pao)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):分次(ci)拋(pao)勻后(hou)(hou)按(an)9尺—12尺留8寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)—1尺的(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)行(xing)(xing),確保(bao)(bao)基本苗(miao)6—8萬(wan)片/畝(mu)(mu)。 (5)施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)技(ji)術(shu) 底肥(fei)(fei)(fei):大田(tian)(tian)畝(mu)(mu)施沼(zhao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)1000—1500斤,水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)專用(yong)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)30—50公(gong) 斤/畝(mu)(mu)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)7—10天(tian)追(zhui)(zhui)施尿素(su)7—10公(gong)斤;拔節期(qi)每畝(mu)(mu)視秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)長(chang)勢酌施尿素(su)8—10公(gong)斤;抽穗(sui)至齊穗(sui)期(qi)畝(mu)(mu)用(yong)沼(zhao)液(ye)30兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)100斤葉(xie)面噴施作(zuo)(zuo)壯(zhuang)粒肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。 (6)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu) 物理(li)(li)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):安裝頻振式(shi)(shi)(shi)殺蟲(chong)燈(30畝(mu)(mu)左右(you)(you)/盞)誘(you)殺田(tian)(tian)間趨光性害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)。藥(yao)劑防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):選(xuan)用(yong)生物農藥(yao)蘇云金桿菌(Bt)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)化螟、稻(dao)縱卷葉(xie)螟、稻(dao)稈蠅;苦參堿防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)稻(dao)飛虱;用(yong)井(jing)岡(gang)霉(mei)素(su)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)紋枯病(bing);用(yong)春雷霉(mei)素(su)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)稻(dao)瘟病(bing)。 (7)水(shui)(shui)(shui)漿管(guan)理(li)(li):有機水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)必須采(cai)取(qu)(qu)潔水(shui)(shui)(shui)灌溉,絕不(bu)(bu)能用(yong)生活污水(shui)(shui)(shui),工(gong)業(ye)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)灌田(tian)(tian),應做到單排單灌,在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層管(guan)理(li)(li)上(shang),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)淺為主,適時(shi)擱田(tian)(tian),多次(ci)輕(qing)擱,夠苗(miao)曬(shai)(shai)田(tian)(tian),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)增(zeng)溫(wen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)促(cu)控,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)氣養根,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)根保(bao)(bao)葉(xie);抽穗(sui)揚花(hua)期(qi)確保(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層,黃(huang)熟期(qi)停水(shui)(shui)(shui),活稈成(cheng)熟。 (8)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)、儲(chu)藏(zang)技(ji)術(shu) 黃(huang)熟期(qi)搶(qiang)晴天(tian)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo),分品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)單獨收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)、晾曬(shai)(shai)、儲(chu)藏(zang),禁(jin)止曝曬(shai)(shai),做到一(yi)干、二(er)(er)凈、三(san)飽(bao)滿。
六.包裝標識相關規定
本(ben)規定地域范圍內的琊川貢米生產(chan)經(jing)營者(zhe),在產(chan)品或包裝上使用農產(chan)品地理標(biao)志(zhi),須向鳳岡縣農業技術推廣(guang)站(zhan)提出申請,按(an)照相關要求規范生產(chan)和使用標(biao)志(zhi),統一(yi)采用琊川貢米名(ming)稱和農產(chan)品地理標(biao)志(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)識相結合的標(biao)識標(biao)注方法(fa)。