杭州銅雕(diao)是古(gu)代(dai)(dai)青銅器制造(zao)的延續,在吳(wu)越和(he)南宋(song)時(shi)期(qi)得到很大發展(zhan),至(zhi)清(qing)代(dai)(dai)達于(yu)鼎盛,距今(jin)已有一千多年(nian)的歷(li)史。吳(wu)越和(he)南宋(song)建都杭州,大量(liang)銅藝工匠(jiang)隨(sui)之遷入,杭州由此(ci)成為全國銅工藝品的重要產區。打(da)銅巷即為銅作坊集中之地,其地名一直(zhi)沿襲至(zhi)今(jin)。清(qing)代(dai)(dai)同治(zhi)以后(hou),以“朱府銅藝”為代(dai)(dai)表(biao)的杭州銅雕(diao)技(ji)藝日(ri)趨(qu)成熟,經四(si)代(dai)(dai)相傳至(zhi)今(jin),約有一百(bai)三十年(nian)的歷(li)史。
杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)雕將傳統藝(yi)(yi)(yi)術和(he)現(xian)代社會生(sheng)活完美(mei)(mei)結合(he)在一起,深受各界贊譽。其產品涵蓋(gai)了(le)建(jian)筑、雕塑、書法、壁(bi)畫、室內(nei)裝飾(shi)等方(fang)面(mian),內(nei)容十分廣泛。按品種分,杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)雕主要包(bao)括(kuo)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)塔(ta)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)殿、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)橋(qiao)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)船、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)門(men)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)像等。在生(sheng)產中,杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)雕應用鏤空、疊鑲、烘(hong)煉、制(zhi)綠(lv)、熔模、點刻等傳統技(ji)藝(yi)(yi)(yi),使成(cheng)品達到(dao)完美(mei)(mei)的藝(yi)(yi)(yi)術效果(guo)。用這種傳統技(ji)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)建(jian)造的杭州(zhou)(zhou)雷(lei)峰(feng)塔(ta)和(he)靈隱寺銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)殿、江蘇常(chang)州(zhou)(zhou)天寧寺寶塔(ta)、四(si)川峨眉山大(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶殿、臺灣省(sheng)臺中市金壇祖(zu)師廟(miao)及大(da)(da)型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)浮雕《佛祖(zu)降魔圖》、《玄奘求法圖》等均是杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)雕的代表作,具有很高的藝(yi)(yi)(yi)術價值。
杭州(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)雕作(zuo)為中國青銅(tong)(tong)器的(de)變體,代表著中國銅(tong)(tong)藝(yi)(yi)的(de)先進水平,這份寶貴的(de)歷史遺產是現代科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)所(suo)無(wu)法替代的(de)。目前由(you)于技(ji)(ji)藝(yi)(yi)難(nan)度(du)大(da),學(xue)藝(yi)(yi)時間長,青年人都不(bu)愿(yuan)學(xue)習傳統的(de)銅(tong)(tong)雕技(ji)(ji)藝(yi)(yi)。隨著社會生(sheng)活的(de)變遷,銅(tong)(tong)壺等(deng)日用(yong)品逐漸被淘汰,銅(tong)(tong)雕生(sheng)產實踐陷(xian)于停滯。加(jia)之對這門優秀的(de)傳統手工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)缺乏科(ke)(ke)學(xue)研究,錯金、疊鑲等(deng)一系(xi)列制作(zuo)技(ji)(ji)藝(yi)(yi)能繼續存在的(de)已經不(bu)多。杭州(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)雕技(ji)(ji)藝(yi)(yi)已處(chu)于瀕危狀態,對之進行保護搶救極為必要。