荊(jing)門油(you)菜(cai)選用以“華油(you)雜”系列(lie)、“中油(you)雜”系列(lie)雙(shuang)低油(you)菜(cai)品(pin)種(zhong)作為主推品(pin)種(zhong)。其植株的株高(gao)在(zai)1.8-2.2米(mi),薹(tai)(tai)粗約1-1.5厘米(mi),株平有效角(jiao)果數(shu)156個左右(you),平均(jun)角(jiao)粒(li)(li)數(shu)17粒(li)(li)左右(you),色澤(ze)翠綠,莖干和葉片(pian)有蠟粉,菜(cai)薹(tai)(tai)味甜(tian),無傳(chuan)統油(you)菜(cai)薹(tai)(tai)的苦澀味。
地(di)域(yu)范圍(wei)包括荊(jing)門(men)市(shi)所轄東(dong)寶區(qu)(qu)、高新(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)﹒掇刀區(qu)(qu)、沙洋縣、鐘祥(xiang)市(shi) 、京山(shan)縣、屈家嶺管理區(qu)(qu)、漳河新(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)等行政區(qu)(qu)域(yu)的53個鄉鎮(zhen)、街道(dao)辦事處。跨東(dong)徑111°51'-113°29',北(bei)緯30°32'-31°36',國土面積(ji)1.24萬(wan)平方公(gong)里(li),耕地(di)面積(ji)406.23萬(wan)畝。荊(jing)門(men)東(dong)接大洪山(shan)之(zhi)毓秀,北(bei)枕(zhen)荊(jing)山(shan)之(zhi)靈脈,南擁江(jiang)漢(han)平原(yuan)之(zhi)富庶,山(shan)川(chuan)秀美(mei),人杰(jie)地(di)靈,物(wu)產豐富,境內北(bei)部層巒疊翠,中部崗嶺起伏,南部沃野(ye)舒(shu)展,山(shan)區(qu)(qu)、丘陵、平原(yuan)、湖區(qu)(qu)地(di)形(xing)兼具、優勢(shi)兼得。
本規范所(suo)稱荊(jing)門(men)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)括菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)、油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)及(ji)以(yi)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)為原(yuan)料(liao)所(suo)加工(gong)(gong)的(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you)和(he)餅粕(po)。 (一)外在(zai)感官特征 1、荊(jing)門(men)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)選(xuan)用以(yi)“華油(you)(you)(you)雜”系列、“中油(you)(you)(you)雜”系列雙低油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種作為主推品(pin)(pin)(pin)種。其(qi)植株(zhu)的(de)株(zhu)高(gao)在(zai)1.8-2.2米(mi),薹(tai)粗(cu)(cu)約1-1.5厘米(mi),株(zhu)平(ping)有效角(jiao)果數156個左右(you),平(ping)均角(jiao)粒(li)數17粒(li)左右(you),色(se)(se)澤(ze)翠綠(lv),莖(jing)干和(he)葉(xie)片有蠟粉(fen),菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)味(wei)甜,無(wu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)的(de)苦澀味(wei)。 2、荊(jing)門(men)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)呈(cheng)黑色(se)(se)或(huo)褐色(se)(se),色(se)(se)澤(ze)鮮(xian)亮,皮薄,籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒(li)飽滿圓(yuan)潤,大小(xiao)均勻(yun)整齊,千粒(li)重3.6-4.2克。 3、以(yi)荊(jing)門(men)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)為原(yuan)料(liao)經傳(chuan)(chuan)統壓(ya)榨加工(gong)(gong)的(de)毛油(you)(you)(you)呈(cheng)深褐色(se)(se),有濃(nong)郁的(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you)香味(wei)。經精(jing)加工(gong)(gong)后的(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you),呈(cheng)淺黃色(se)(se),油(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)清亮。 4、荊(jing)門(men)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)餅粕(po)呈(cheng)黃色(se)(se)、淺褐色(se)(se)碎片或(huo)粗(cu)(cu)粉(fen)狀,具菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)油(you)(you)(you)香味(wei),無(wu)發酵、霉變及(ji)異味(wei)。 (二)內在(zai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)指(zhi)標 1、荊(jing)門(men)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you)中芥酸≤3%,餅粕(po)中硫甙(餅)≤35 umol/g; 2、荊(jing)門(men)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)中的(de)高(gao)油(you)(you)(you)酸油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)經7D綠(lv)色(se)(se)高(gao)效加工(gong)(gong)關鍵(jian)技(ji)術壓(ya)榨的(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you)中油(you)(you)(you)酸含量≥70%,芥酸≤3%,其(qi)加工(gong)(gong)副產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)餅粕(po)硫甙≤35umol/g、粗(cu)(cu)蛋(dan)白≥25%。
(一(yi))土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情(qing)況(kuang)。荊(jing)(jing)門地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)東(dong)、西(xi)、北(bei)(bei)三面(mian)(mian)高,中、南(nan)(nan)部(bu)低,呈向南(nan)(nan)敞(chang)開(kai)形(xing)(xing),形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)低山(shan)(shan)坳谷、丘(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)崗沖溝和(he)平原湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)兼具地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢。東(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)的鐘祥、京(jing)(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)大(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處大(da)洪(hong)山(shan)(shan)南(nan)(nan)麓,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)特征為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)褶皺斷塊山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),主要(yao)由(you)古(gu)生(sheng)界(jie)(jie)、中生(sheng)界(jie)(jie)碳酸(suan)鹽(yan)巖(yan)、碎(sui)屑巖(yan)以(yi)及(ji)元古(gu)界(jie)(jie)變質(zhi)巖(yan)構成(cheng),形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)低山(shan)(shan)或丘(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)陵。最高點為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鐘祥市(shi)客店(dian)鎮的齋公(gong)巖(yan),海拔(ba)1050米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);西(xi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)的東(dong)寶(bao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)是(shi)由(you)大(da)巴山(shan)(shan)東(dong)延(yan)(yan)至(zhi)保康、南(nan)(nan)漳(zhang)(zhang)的荊(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan),海拔(ba)降至(zhi)1000米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia),山(shan)(shan)文(wen)線(xian)由(you)東(dong)西(xi)轉為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)西(xi)至(zhi)東(dong)南(nan)(nan),蜿(wan)延(yan)(yan)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)荊(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)余脈(mo)。主要(yao)由(you)二疊三疊紀(ji)石灰巖(yan)組成(cheng),形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)坳谷、沖溝分(fen)(fen)割起伏和(he)緩的低山(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)陵或崗地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。中、南(nan)(nan)部(bu)漢(han)(han)江兩(liang)岸的鐘祥市(shi)、京(jing)(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)縣部(bu)分(fen)(fen)和(he)沙(sha)洋(yang)縣大(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu),主要(yao)分(fen)(fen)布于(yu)新生(sheng)代沉(chen)降盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)中,由(you)于(yu)江河(he)(he)(he)(he)沖積(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)淤積(ji)(ji)(ji),形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)平原湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。最低點為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沙(sha)洋(yang)縣境內(nei)的長(chang)(chang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)底和(he)京(jing)(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)縣永隆(long)鎮潘家灣河(he)(he)(he)(he)床,海拔(ba)27米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平坦,土(tu)(tu)壤肥沃(wo),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)密布,河(he)(he)(he)(he)網交(jiao)織,堤垸縱橫(heng),是(shi)全(quan)市(shi)糧(liang)油集(ji)中產區(qu)(qu)(qu)。 (二)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況(kuang)。全(quan)境大(da)小河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)900余條,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)18.49萬(wan)公(gong)頃,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)40.12億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)能資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)開(kai)發量(liang)(liang)(liang)達28萬(wan)千瓦。境內(nei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)、湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)縱橫(heng)交(jiao)錯,泉眼、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)星羅棋(qi)布,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)十分(fen)(fen)豐富,形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)以(yi)漢(han)(han)江中下(xia)(xia)(xia)游、漳(zhang)(zhang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、長(chang)(chang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)府環河(he)(he)(he)(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主的四大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系,連(lian)接(jie)著(zhu)58座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)556座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)大(da)中小型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)、71處河(he)(he)(he)(he)壩和(he)12.95萬(wan)口堰(yan)塘(tang),全(quan)市(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)18.52萬(wan)公(gong)頃。據(ju)測算分(fen)(fen)析,轄區(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)43.67億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)15.4億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),除去重復(fu)計算量(liang)(liang)(liang)12.94億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),全(quan)市(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)46.13億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。過(guo)境河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)主要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)漢(han)(han)江、漳(zhang)(zhang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)和(he)富水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)(he)(he);入境河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)主要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)蠻河(he)(he)(he)(he)、長(chang)(chang)壽河(he)(he)(he)(he);出境河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)主要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)京(jing)(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、天門河(he)(he)(he)(he)、西(xi)荊(jing)(jing)河(he)(he)(he)(he)。漢(han)(han)江皇莊站多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)過(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)1710秒(miao)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),過(guo)境水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)504億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);漳(zhang)(zhang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)徑流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)8.91億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。境內(nei)百畝水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)以(yi)上湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)58座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),正常蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位容積(ji)(ji)(ji)5.5億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。其中,千畝以(yi)上水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)的湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)19座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),正常蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位容積(ji)(ji)(ji)5.33億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。較(jiao)大(da)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),正常水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)11.34千公(gong)頃,鏡月湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、借糧(liang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、彭冢南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、林湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、賀呂湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、蝦(xia)子湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、黃蕩湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)次之(zhi)。蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程有(you)(you)(you)大(da)型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)7座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(外(wai)管(guan)3座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo))、中型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)29座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(外(wai)管(guan)4座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo))、小(Ⅰ)型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)157座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(外(wai)管(guan)2座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo))、小(Ⅱ)型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)363座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),另有(you)(you)(you)2座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)建(jian)未驗收投運,總庫(ku)(ku)容49.97億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),興利(li)庫(ku)(ku)容26.43億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(不含外(wai)管(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku));12.95萬(wan)口塘(tang)堰(yan)總容積(ji)(ji)(ji)2.5億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。引(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程主要(yao)分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)漢(han)(han)江沿線(xian),有(you)(you)(you)大(da)小引(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)閘16處,引(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)210.7秒(miao)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);71處河(he)(he)(he)(he)壩可(ke)蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)5961.1萬(wan)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),引(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)20.6秒(miao)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。 (三)氣(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況(kuang)。荊(jing)(jing)門市(shi)屬亞熱帶季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候,陽光充足(zu),雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)充沛(pei),雨熱同(tong)季(ji)(ji),四季(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)明。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數1997-2100小時(shi),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)降雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)804-1067mm,日(ri)平均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫15.6-16.3℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)相對(dui)濕(shi)度74%,無霜期239-255天。太陽輻射年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)112千卡 /cm2。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)盛(sheng)行西(xi)北(bei)(bei)風(feng)和(he)南(nan)(nan)風(feng),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)風(feng)速(su)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)4.3m/s。荊(jing)(jing)門市(shi)作物生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)季(ji)(ji)節日(ri)照(zhao)充沛(pei),雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)適(shi)中,光、溫、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、熱、氣(qi)(qi)、土(tu)(tu)等(deng)自然(ran)條件均(jun)能滿足(zu)優質(zhi)油菜(cai)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)的需(xu)要(yao)。
(一(yi))產(chan)地選(xuan)擇(ze)。荊門(men)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)地涵蓋鐘祥市、沙(sha)洋縣(xian)、東寶區(qu)(qu)、荊門(men)高(gao)(gao)(gao)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)·掇刀區(qu)(qu)、京山縣(xian)53個(ge)鄉鎮,為(wei)湖北省優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu),面積在(zai)(zai)(zai)150萬(wan)畝(mu)左右。產(chan)地環境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量必須符合《綠色(se)食品(pin)產(chan)地環境(jing)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)條件》(NT/T391)的(de)(de)(de)要求。(二)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)達到(dao)《NY414-2000低芥酸(suan)低硫(liu)苷油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子》質(zhi)(zhi)量標(biao)準、不(bu)含轉基因成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen),優(you)選(xuan)華油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜(za)系(xi)列、中油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜(za)系(xi)列等(deng)雜(za)交和(he)(he)常(chang)規(gui)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。(三(san))生產(chan)過(guo)程管理。 1、基地選(xuan)擇(ze)。要求土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質(zhi)(zhi)地良好,疏松(song)肥沃,透水(shui)和(he)(he)保水(shui)性能(neng)較好,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含量1.5%以(yi)(yi)上(shang),土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)以(yi)(yi)PH值5.6-7.2為(wei)適,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)含鹽量控(kong)制在(zai)(zai)(zai)0.14%-0.2%,地下(xia)水(shui)位1m以(yi)(yi)下(xia)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)環境(jing)、水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、大(da)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量及(ji)其它(ta)達到(dao)NY/T391-2000的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定要求。2、栽(zai)植(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。(1)直(zhi)播(bo)密(mi)植(zhi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)雙低優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),10月上(shang)中旬播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前用(yong)(yong)“碧護(hu)(hu)”進行(xing)拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),促(cu)進發芽,防(fang)(fang)治苗(miao)(miao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)蟲(chong)害。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)6行(xing)或(huo)8行(xing)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)多(duo)功能(neng)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)適墑播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),畝(mu)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量300克(ke),成(cheng)(cheng)苗(miao)(miao)2.5萬(wan)~3萬(wan)株。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)推遲、墑情較差的(de)(de)(de)田(tian)塊適當加大(da)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量。播(bo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)最遲不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)10月20日,播(bo)量不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)400克(ke)。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)三(san)天(tian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子未(wei)萌動出苗(miao)(miao)應灌一(yi)次(ci)滲(shen)溝水(shui),以(yi)(yi)溝水(shui)浸(jin)濕廂面為(wei)宜,確保一(yi)播(bo)全(quan)苗(miao)(miao)。(2)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)“一(yi)次(ci)底肥+一(yi)次(ci)追肥”技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線。底肥選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)“宜施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壯”油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)緩釋(shi)肥,畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)40~45公(gong)斤(jin)(jin),隨多(duo)功能(neng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時一(yi)并施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong),把肥料深施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子下(xia)部,提高(gao)(gao)(gao)肥效。元月中下(xia)旬追肥一(yi)次(ci),視苗(miao)(miao)情畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素(su)2.5~5公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。若田(tian)間地力偏(pian)瘦,底用(yong)(yong)緩釋(shi)肥可增至50公(gong)斤(jin)(jin),也可在(zai)(zai)(zai)春季實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“一(yi)促(cu)四防(fang)(fang)”時每(mei)畝(mu)補噴(pen)(pen)(pen)1公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)尿(niao)素(su)溶液(ye)(噴(pen)(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)濃度控(kong)制在(zai)(zai)(zai)1%以(yi)(yi)內(nei))。規(gui)模(mo)化采(cai)購(gou)肥料畝(mu)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)可以(yi)(yi)控(kong)制在(zai)(zai)(zai)110元以(yi)(yi)內(nei)。(3)全(quan)程機(ji)(ji)械化生產(chan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“機(ji)(ji)播(bo)+機(ji)(ji)收(shou)+機(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)”全(quan)程機(ji)(ji)械化生產(chan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)多(duo)行(xing)多(duo)功能(neng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)直(zhi)播(bo)機(ji)(ji)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),滿足油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)密(mi)植(zhi)栽(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)要。大(da)力推廣油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)直(zhi)接收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),為(wei)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)效率,可在(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)田(tian)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)80%角果(guo)變(bian)黃(huang)時,利用(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)人機(ji)(ji)每(mei)畝(mu)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)80~100毫(hao)升“立(li)收(shou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”干燥劑(ji),噴(pen)(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)5~10天(tian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)晴天(tian)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)聯合收(shou)割(ge)機(ji)(ji)直(zhi)接收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)。利用(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)人機(ji)(ji)開(kai)展植(zhi)保、化調(diao)、葉(xie)面施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥等(deng)操作。(4)病蟲(chong)草(cao)(cao)綠色(se)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)直(zhi)播(bo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)3天(tian)內(nei)用(yong)(yong)乙草(cao)(cao)胺(an)兌(dui)水(shui)均勻(yun)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧進行(xing)封閉除草(cao)(cao),噴(pen)(pen)(pen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)24小時內(nei)遇雨需(xu)(xu)重噴(pen)(pen)(pen)。對未(wei)進行(xing)化學(xue)封閉除草(cao)(cao)或(huo)草(cao)(cao)害較重的(de)(de)(de)田(tian)塊,要搶(qiang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)4~5葉(xie)、雜(za)草(cao)(cao)2~3葉(xie)期(qi)(qi)(qi)間噴(pen)(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)田(tian)專用(yong)(yong)除草(cao)(cao)劑(ji)除草(cao)(cao)。蕾苔期(qi)(qi)(qi)畝(mu)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)90毫(hao)升“新(xin)美洲(zhou)星”或(huo)菌核凈+磷酸(suan)二氫鉀+速樂硼+尿(niao)素(su)混合液(ye)促(cu)早熟、防(fang)(fang)病、防(fang)(fang)衰、防(fang)(fang)倒、防(fang)(fang)花而不(bu)實。(5)凍害防(fang)(fang)治技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。本(ben)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)模(mo)式依托群體奪高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan),個(ge)體相對偏(pian)弱,要注重防(fang)(fang)治凍害。可以(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)冬至前噴(pen)(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)次(ci)“碧護(hu)(hu)”增強(qiang)抗(kang)凍性。冬至苗(miao)(miao)偏(pian)旺田(tian)塊,還(huan)應采(cai)用(yong)(yong)15%多(duo)效唑可濕性粉(fen)劑(ji)100克(ke)或(huo)5%烯效唑40克(ke)兌(dui)水(shui)50公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)均勻(yun)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧控(kong)旺,防(fang)(fang)止早苔早花而遭(zao)受倒春寒凍害。(6)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)2/3角果(guo)黃(huang)綠色(se),主花序中下(xia)部角果(guo)枇(pi)杷色(se),籽(zi)(zi)粒呈(cheng)固有(you)顏色(se)時為(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)熟期(qi)(qi)(qi)。可在(zai)(zai)(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)熟時采(cai)用(yong)(yong)人工(gong)(gong)收(shou)割(ge)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)械收(shou)割(ge),晾曬5-7天(tian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)再用(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)械撿收(shou),并完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)秸稈粉(fen)碎還(huan)田(tian)工(gong)(gong)序。也可在(zai)(zai)(zai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)成(cheng)(cheng)熟7-15天(tian)后(hou)(hou)(hou),在(zai)(zai)(zai)露(lu)水(shui)干燥后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)聯合收(shou)割(ge)機(ji)(ji)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)時干燥,裝(zhuang)袋(dai)入庫。(7)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)脂加工(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)中國農科(ke)院油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)料作物(wu)研究所黃(huang)鳳洪技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)團隊的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)濃香菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)地7D綠色(se)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效加工(gong)(gong)關鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)套(tao)裝(zhuang)備。