陽(yang)山雞(ji),廣東(dong)省(sheng)清遠市陽(yang)山縣特(te)產,全國農產品地理標志(zhi)。
陽山雞(ji)屬(shu)三黃(huang)雞(ji)種,胸深(shen)而身軀長(chang),背平,前后軀基本相等(deng),體型呈長(chang)方型,頭稍大,翹翅、主(zhu)翼羽和主(zhu)尾(wei)羽短或缺,喙(hui)、皮、腳均為(wei)黃(huang)色。母雞(ji)單片冠呈鮮(xian)紅色但比公(gong)雞(ji)小,有(you)(you)5至8個冠齒,肉髯、臉及耳葉(xie)呈紅色,虹(hong)彩橘(ju)黃(huang)色。公(gong)雞(ji)單冠直立,有(you)(you)6至9個冠齒,冠、肉髯長(chang),耳稍大,呈鮮(xian)紅色,虹(hong)彩金黃(huang)色。
2018年7月3日,中華人民共和國農(nong)業農(nong)村部正式批準對“陽山(shan)雞”實施(shi)農(nong)產品地(di)理標(biao)志登記保護。2019年12月17日,“陽山(shan)雞”入選2019年第四批全國名特優新農(nong)產品名錄。
陽(yang)(yang)(yang)山雞分(fen)布于廣東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)西北(bei)部、連江(jiang)中游、南(nan)(nan)嶺山脈南(nan)(nan)側的(de)(de)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)山縣(xian)(xian)(xian),南(nan)(nan)連懷集、廣寧、清新縣(xian)(xian)(xian),北(bei)接湖南(nan)(nan)宜章縣(xian)(xian)(xian),東(dong)(dong)與英德(de)、乳源瑤族自治(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)相鄰,西與連南(nan)(nan)瑤族自治(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、連州(zhou)市為界。地域保護范圍(wei)為陽(yang)(yang)(yang)山縣(xian)(xian)(xian)全境,包括陽(yang)(yang)(yang)山縣(xian)(xian)(xian)轄下的(de)(de)江(jiang)英、青(qing)蓮、黎埠、嶺背等13個鄉鎮,地理坐標在東(dong)(dong)經112°22′01″~113°01′06″,北(bei)緯23°58′47″~24°55′52″之間(jian)。面積3418平方公(gong)里,年出(chu)欄200萬只,年產量3千噸。
地(di)形地(di)貌:陽(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)地(di)形復(fu)(fu)雜,丘陵起伏(fu)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)陡峻,峽谷眾(zhong)多,主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)以山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),約占(zhan)全(quan)縣(xian)總面(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)90%,盆地(di)及(ji)沖積平(ping)(ping)原約占(zhan)10%。高(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)差相當(dang)大,最(zui)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青蓮小北江沿(yan)岸海拔不(bu)到50米,最(zui)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)省(sheng)第(di)一(yi)峰石(shi)(shi)(shi)坑崆(kong)海拔1902米,高(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)相差1850米。陽(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)省(sheng)級(ji)生態公(gong)益(yi)林居全(quan)省(sheng)之首,面(mian)積達(da)1626.69平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li),森林復(fu)(fu)蓋率(lv)為(wei)(wei)72.97%,林木綠化率(lv)為(wei)(wei)76.5%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤條(tiao)件:陽(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)屬(shu)粵(yue)北地(di)重點石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰巖山(shan)(shan)(shan)區縣(xian),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤類型(xing)(xing)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)紅壤、山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)黃(huang)(huang)壤、高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)才(cai)紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)以紅黃(huang)(huang)壤為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),占(zhan)50.37%,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤呈微酸性;其次為(wei)(wei)紅色石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),占(zhan)19.49%,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤呈微堿性;此外(wai)還有(you)(you)面(mian)積不(bu)少土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層淺薄(bo),巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)裸露的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)質土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),占(zhan)29.39%。適宜(yi)種(zhong)植玉(yu)米、番薯等粗糧(liang),陽(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)雞以玉(yu)米為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)食(shi),為(wei)(wei)其提供了營(ying)養、健康(kang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼料(liao)。水文情況:陽(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)內河(he)(he)系(xi)(xi)屬(shu)珠(zhu)江流(liu)域北江水系(xi)(xi),境內小河(he)(he)流(liu)眾(zhong)多,集(ji)雨面(mian)積100平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)、支(zhi)河(he)(he)流(liu)有(you)(you)13條(tiao),河(he)(he)流(liu)大多屬(shu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)區型(xing)(xing)。縣(xian)境年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)徑(jing)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)79.08億立方(fang)(fang)米(不(bu)含過境客水),過境客水徑(jing)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)38.6億立方(fang)(fang)米,水量(liang)(liang)充(chong)足。已建中(zhong)型(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)(ku)3宗(zong)、小(一(yi))型(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)(ku)11宗(zong)、小(二)型(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)(ku)38宗(zong),較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塘壩129宗(zong),總控制集(ji)雨面(mian)積252.29平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li),總庫(ku)(ku)容1.096億立方(fang)(fang)米。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況:陽(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)屬(shu)亞熱(re)帶(dai)季風性氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)和(he),年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)20.3℃,最(zui)冷月(yue)(yue)1月(yue)(yue),平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)10.1℃,最(zui)熱(re)月(yue)(yue)7月(yue)(yue),平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)28.7℃,年(nian)(nian)極端最(zui)低(di)(di)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-3.2℃,極端最(zui)熱(re)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)39.9℃,歷年(nian)(nian)日(ri)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)度≥5℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)長達(da)345天(tian)。年(nian)(nian)降雨量(liang)(liang)1850毫米,主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)在春(chun)夏兩季,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)濕度78%,全(quan)年(nian)(nian)無霜期322天(tian)。地(di)形復(fu)(fu)雜,高(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)差相當(dang)大,最(zui)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青蓮小北江沿(yan)岸海拔不(bu)到50米,最(zui)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)省(sheng)第(di)一(yi)峰石(shi)(shi)(shi)坑崆(kong)海拔1902米,高(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)相差1850米,隨著高(gao)(gao)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同而形成不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候帶(dai),垂(chui)直氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候差異達(da)到9℃,光照充(chong)足,年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)光照時(shi)數(shu)1617.7h,≥10℃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)積溫(wen)(wen)達(da)6236.5℃。這種(zhong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差異春(chun)雨夏暑,秋旱冬寒(han)四季分明,光照充(chong)足,雨量(liang)(liang)充(chong)沛。
外(wai)在(zai)感(gan)官特征:陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)屬三黃雞(ji)(ji)(ji)種(zhong),胸深(shen)而身軀長(chang),背平(ping),前后(hou)軀基本相等,體型呈長(chang)方型,頭稍大(da),翹翅、主翼羽和(he)主尾羽短或缺,喙、皮、腳均為黃色(se)。母雞(ji)(ji)(ji)單片冠(guan)呈鮮(xian)(xian)紅(hong)色(se)但比(bi)公雞(ji)(ji)(ji)小,有(you)5至(zhi)8個冠(guan)齒,肉(rou)(rou)髯(ran)、臉及耳葉呈紅(hong)色(se),虹彩橘黃色(se)。公雞(ji)(ji)(ji)單冠(guan)直立,有(you)6至(zhi)9個冠(guan)齒,冠(guan)、肉(rou)(rou)髯(ran)長(chang),耳稍大(da),呈鮮(xian)(xian)紅(hong)色(se),虹彩金(jin)黃色(se)。內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)質指標:陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)肌(ji)肉(rou)(rou)豐(feng)滿,皮薄(bo)骨細,肉(rou)(rou)質嫩(nen)滑(hua),品(pin)嘗起來(lai)皮爽脆、肉(rou)(rou)質幼嫩(nen)、久嚼不膩、雞(ji)(ji)(ji)味濃郁鮮(xian)(xian)美。營養豐(feng)富(fu),并(bing)含有(you)人(ren)體所需的(de)多種(zhong)微量(liang)元素。據檢測,陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)肉(rou)(rou)蛋白(bai)質含量(liang)為24.0~26.0%,脂肪(fang)含量(liang)為0.5~0.6%,每百克雞(ji)(ji)(ji)肉(rou)(rou)中,油(you)酸含量(liang)為0.35~0.6g,亞油(you)酸含量(liang)為0.17~0.25g,肌(ji)酐酸含量(liang)為96.0~131mg。安(an)全要求(qiu):禁止使用國家禁止使用的(de)獸藥(yao)飼(si)養陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)。做好生產記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)、飼(si)料(liao)、飼(si)料(liao)添加(jia)劑和(he)獸藥(yao)使用記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)、消毒記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)、免疫記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)、診療(liao)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)、防疫監測記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)、病死畜禽(qin)無害化處理記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)。出欄時活雞(ji)(ji)(ji)外(wai)貌特征應符合陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)品(pin)種(zhong)標準的(de)要求(qiu),健康(kang)無病,符合上市日齡的(de)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)。