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一.產品介紹

武義(yi)(yi)縣(xian)種植鐵(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)斛歷史悠久，相(xiang)傳唐朝年(nian)(nian)間，曾為(wei)唐高宗、武則天等五代皇帝做過御(yu)醫的(de)養生大師葉法善晚年(nian)(nian)隱居于武義(yi)(yi)西南山區（原(yuan)宣(xuan)(xuan)平縣(xian)）一帶，為(wei)后人(ren)留下(xia)許多(duo)御(yu)用秘(mi)方，而武義(yi)(yi)鐵(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)斛正是這(zhe)些組方、遺方中(zhong)的(de)精華(hua)所(suo)在。明朝崇(chong)禎(zhen)丙子(zi)年(nian)(nian)修訂的(de)《宣(xuan)(xuan)平縣(xian)志》（1958年(nian)(nian)原(yuan)宣(xuan)(xuan)平縣(xian)撤銷建制(zhi)并入武義(yi)(yi)縣(xian)）記載，“石(shi)(shi)斛，俗(su)名(ming)吊蘭……以(yi)沙石(shi)(shi)栽之或以(yi)物盛掛(gua)檐(yan)下(xia)，經年(nian)(nian)不死，俗(su)名(ming)為(wei)千年(nian)(nian)潤。”明確(que)了(le)武義(yi)(yi)鐵(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)斛人(ren)工栽培(pei)已有370多(duo)年(nian)(nian)歷史。 近(jin)年(nian)(nian)來，武義(yi)(yi)鐵(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)斛產業(ye)發展迅速，先后獲得中(zhong)國義(yi)(yi)烏（國際）森林產品(pin)(pin)博覽會金獎(jiang)、金華(hua)市(shi)(shi)優質農產品(pin)(pin)金獎(jiang)等獎(jiang)項(xiang)；同時被(bei)評為(wei)浙江名(ming)牌(pai)產品(pin)(pin)、金華(hua)名(ming)牌(pai)產品(pin)(pin)、浙江名(ming)牌(pai)產品(pin)(pin)、金華(hua)市(shi)(shi)知名(ming)商品(pin)(pin)稱(cheng)號等榮譽(yu)稱(cheng)號。

二.自然生(sheng)態環境和人文歷史(shi)因素

1、地(di)(di)理地(di)(di)貌(mao) 武(wu)義鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石斛(hu)種植于(yu)武(wu)義縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)部山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區，屬(shu)仙霞(xia)嶺(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈，丹霞(xia)地(di)(di)貌(mao)帶。地(di)(di)勢南(nan)高(gao)北(bei)低，三面環山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，峰(feng)巒疊嶂(zhang)，丘陵蜿蜒起伏，植被豐富。海拔千米以上的山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)有(you)79座，最高(gao)峰(feng)牛頭(tou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)國(guo)家森(sen)(sen)林(lin)公園(yuan)位于(yu)武(wu)義、遂昌(chang)兩(liang)(liang)縣(xian)(xian)交界，峰(feng)高(gao)1560米，為(wei)(wei)浙中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)第(di)一峰(feng)。境內森(sen)(sen)林(lin)茂密(mi)(mi)，覆蓋(gai)率(lv)(lv)達85.93%（全縣(xian)(xian)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)覆蓋(gai)率(lv)(lv)達72%），自然(ran)生(sheng)態(tai)環境優越，非常適宜(yi)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石斛(hu)的生(sheng)長(chang)。 2、土(tu)(tu)壤質(zhi)地(di)(di) 保(bao)護區內有(you)紅壤、黃壤、巖(yan)石性(xing)土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)5個土(tu)(tu)類，主(zhu)要為(wei)(wei)紅壤、黃壤土(tu)(tu)。土(tu)(tu)壤呈地(di)(di)域(yu)性(xing)和垂(chui)直(zhi)分布(bu)，PH值(zhi)為(wei)(wei)5.5-7.5，微酸(suan)性(xing)或酸(suan)性(xing)，土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)肥沃(wo)，富含有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)（山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)平(ping)均(jun)含量達4.03%），保(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)保(bao)肥能力強，排灌條件好。 3、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文 境內中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部由東至(zhi)西以大(da)殿嶺(ling)至(zhi)樊嶺(ling)為(wei)(wei)界，形成南(nan)北(bei)兩(liang)(liang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系。南(nan)部河(he)流(liu)入麗江(jiang)大(da)溪(xi)，屬(shu)甌(ou)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系，主(zhu)要河(he)流(liu)有(you)東溪(xi)與西溪(xi)，以及兩(liang)(liang)溪(xi)匯流(liu)后的午溪(xi)（宣平(ping)溪(xi)）；北(bei)部河(he)流(liu)入金(jin)華婺江(jiang)，屬(shu)錢塘江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系，主(zhu)要河(he)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)武(wu)義江(jiang)及其一二級(ji)支流(liu)麻陽港、熟溪(xi)等(deng)。保(bao)護區內大(da)小(xiao)河(he)流(liu)密(mi)(mi)布(bu)，均(jun)屬(shu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)溪(xi)性(xing)河(he)流(liu)，上游為(wei)(wei)崇(chong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峻嶺(ling)，源(yuan)短(duan)流(liu)急，河(he)床狹窄(zhai)比降大(da)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)量豐沛，洪(hong)枯明(ming)顯。水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)清(qing)澈、純凈。建有(you)宣平(ping)溪(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)（庫(ku)容(rong)3105萬(wan)立方(fang)(fang)）、源(yuan)口水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)（庫(ku)容(rong)2220萬(wan)立方(fang)(fang)）兩(liang)(liang)座中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)型水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)均(jun)達到(dao)國(guo)家Ⅱ級(ji)飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)準，是(shi)理想的農業(ye)生(sheng)產和生(sheng)活(huo)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)。 4、氣(qi)候 武(wu)義鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石斛(hu)種植區域(yu)屬(shu)亞熱帶季風氣(qi)候。年均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)16.9℃，年際間(jian)在16.2～17.6℃范圍內變動。1月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)4.8℃，7月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)28.4℃。年最低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)-8℃、最高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)39℃，極端(duan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度日(ri)數少。年均(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)1524毫米，相對(dui)濕度為(wei)(wei)81%。年均(jun)日(ri)照1838小(xiao)時，日(ri)照率(lv)(lv)41%。無霜(shuang)期(qi)279天。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)間(jian)云霧繚繞(rao)，夏季涼爽。

三.地域范圍

武(wu)義鐵(tie)皮石斛農產品地(di)理(li)標志地(di)域(yu)保護范圍，東至泉溪鎮(zhen)車蘇和(he)千丈巖，南到三港(gang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)三港(gang)村，西(xi)起西(xi)聯鄉(xiang)(xiang)大(da)坑(keng)下，北至白姆鄉(xiang)(xiang)張坑(keng)和(he)長蛇形(xing)村，地(di)理(li)坐標為(wei)東經119°28′—119°55′，北緯28°32′—28°50′，包括武(wu)義縣王(wang)宅(zhai)鎮(zhen)、白姆鄉(xiang)(xiang)、泉溪鎮(zhen)、俞源鄉(xiang)(xiang)、熟溪街(jie)道、坦(tan)洪鄉(xiang)(xiang)、柳城(cheng)鎮(zhen)、桃溪鎮(zhen)、新宅(zhai)鎮(zhen)、西(xi)聯鄉(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)田鄉(xiang)(xiang)、三港(gang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)溪口鄉(xiang)(xiang)等13個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)街(jie)道95個行(xing)政村。可(ke)種植面(mian)積2388.7公頃，2011年種植面(mian)積452公頃。

四(si).產品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征

1、外在感官特(te)征 1.1鮮品 莖黃綠(lv)色(se)，縱紋色(se)淺(qian)。花黃綠(lv)色(se)。略(lve)具(ju)(ju)青草(cao)香氣，味淡(dan)或微甜，嚼之初有(you)黏滑(hua)感，繼有(you)濃(nong)厚粘滯(zhi)感。園柱形，橫斷(duan)面圓形，節(jie)間微胖；節(jie)明顯，節(jie)間1.3 cm～1.7cm，不分(fen)(fen)枝，莖粗2mm～6mm，葉(xie)(xie)二列(lie)，互生，矩園狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披針形，基部(bu)下(xia)延為抱莖的鞘(qiao)，邊緣和中肋常(chang)帶(dai)淡(dan)紫(zi)色(se)，葉(xie)(xie)鞘(qiao)常(chang)具(ju)(ju)紫(zi)斑(ban)，老(lao)時(shi)其(qi)上緣與(yu)莖松離(li)而張開，并且留下(xia)1個環(huan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)鐵(tie)青的間隙。總狀(zhuang)(zhuang)花序常(chang)從(cong)葉(xie)(xie)的老(lao)莖上部(bu)發(fa)出(chu)，具(ju)(ju)花2朵～3朵；萼(e)片和花瓣黃綠(lv)色(se)，長(chang)園狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披針形，長(chang)約1.8cm，寬4mm～5mm。 1.2干品（鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)楓(feng)斗） 黃綠(lv)色(se)。略(lve)具(ju)(ju)青草(cao)香氣，味淡(dan)，后微甜，嚼之初有(you)黏滑(hua)感，繼有(you)濃(nong)厚粘滯(zhi)感，無(wu)渣滓。呈螺(luo)旋形或彈簧狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，一般為3～5個旋紋，莖拉直(zhi)后長(chang)3.5cm～8 cm，直(zhi)徑0.2cm～0.3 cm，表(biao)面有(you)細縱皺紋，質堅實，易折斷(duan)，斷(duan)面平坦(tan)。 2、內在品質指標(biao) 2.1鮮品 水分(fen)(fen)≤88%，粗多(duo)糖(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)（以葡萄糖(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)計(ji)）≥25%（干燥后）。 2.2干品(鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)楓(feng)斗) 水分(fen)(fen)≤12%，灰分(fen)(fen)≤6.0%，酸不溶(rong)性(xing)灰分(fen)(fen)≤1.2%，浸(jin)出(chu)物≥6.5％，粗多(duo)糖(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)（以無(wu)水葡萄糖(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)計(ji)）≥25%，甘露(lu)糖(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)與(yu)葡萄糖(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)峰面積(ji)比為2.4～8.0，甘露(lu)糖(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)13.0％～38.0％。 2.3、安全要求 執行浙江省(sheng)地方標(biao)準(zhun)《無(wu)公害 鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石斛》（DB33/635.4-2007）的標(biao)準(zhun)。

五.特定生產方(fang)式(shi)

1、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇 武義鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)距(ju)離交(jiao)通主干(gan)道100m以(yi)(yi)(yi)外，遠離廠礦企業等(deng)(deng)污(wu)(wu)染源(yuan)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境良好(hao)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)充分(fen)，具有(you)可(ke)(ke)持續生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)河谷(gu)、山(shan)谷(gu)坡地(di)(di)(di)和(he)(he)臺坡地(di)(di)(di)等(deng)(deng)區域。基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)海(hai)拔高(gao)(gao)度在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)250～800米間(jian)(jian)，土(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)沃，土(tu)層(ceng)大于(yu)30cm，排(pai)灌良好(hao)，相對(dui)集中(zhong)連(lian)片(pian)，可(ke)(ke)專業化(hua)、規模化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。大氣(qi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)條件(jian)必須符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)浙(zhe)江省地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)標準(zhun)《無公害(hai)(hai)鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)》產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境（DB33/T635.1-2007）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求。 2、品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)求 選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)適應(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)、抗逆(ni)性(xing)(xing)強，豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)、商(shang)品性(xing)(xing)好(hao)，有(you)效成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)含量高(gao)(gao)，適宜當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“仙(xian)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)1號”、“仙(xian)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)2號”等(deng)(deng)優(you)(you)良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（品系(xi)）。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)《中(zhong)國植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)志》收(shou)(shou)(shou)載的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘭科(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)特征，并經(jing)過鑒定(ding)(ding)確認。利用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)組織培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養技術(shu)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)育鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)、原(yuan)球(qiu)莖誘導(dao)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)和(he)(he)不定(ding)(ding)芽(ya)誘導(dao)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。原(yuan)球(qiu)莖繼代(dai)(dai)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3代(dai)(dai)～5代(dai)(dai)，不定(ding)(ding)芽(ya)繼代(dai)(dai)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)內。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)應(ying)(ying)該(gai)為非污(wu)(wu)染、無爛(lan)莖、爛(lan)根、黃(huang)葉(xie)，葉(xie)齡在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)4片(pian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，正常展開(kai)，葉(xie)色(se)嫩(nen)綠(lv)或翠(cui)綠(lv)。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)株(zhu)(zhu)高(gao)(gao)≥2.5厘(li)米，莖粗≥0.2厘(li)米。 3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程嚴(yan)格按照(zhao)《有(you)機(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品》第(di)一部分(fen)：生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)（GB/T19630.1-2005）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，進(jin)行(xing)標準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安全(quan)。 3.1場地(di)(di)(di)準(zhun)備(bei) 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)設(she)施(shi)搭建前先(xian)深(shen)翻土(tu)壤20cm～30cm，暴(bao)曬(shai)，表面撒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)100kg/667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米進(jin)行(xing)深(shen)翻消(xiao)毒(du)。架設(she)玻璃溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室或大棚(peng)，配置(zhi)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網(wang)、噴霧和(he)(he)灌溉(gai)等(deng)(deng)設(she)備(bei)設(she)施(shi)。開(kai)溝(gou)作畦(qi)，畦(qi)寬1.2m～1.4m、長(chang)(chang)≤40m；畦(qi)面呈龜背型，畦(qi)高(gao)(gao)約(yue)(yue)15cm；開(kai)好(hao)畦(qi)溝(gou)、圍溝(gou)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)溝(gou)溝(gou)相通，并有(you)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口。 3.2鋪設(she)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 要(yao)(yao)求土(tu)層(ceng)深(shen)大于(yu)30cm，將基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鋪在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)層(ceng)上，高(gao)(gao)約(yue)(yue)10cm，可(ke)(ke)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)菌菌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)(xuan)擇松鱗、苔蘚、植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)根、莖、葉(xie)及(ji)(ji)碎石(shi)(shi)片(pian)等(deng)(deng)。基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)前應(ying)(ying)該(gai)經(jing)堆制(zhi)發(fa)酵3～4天(tian)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)，含水(shui)(shui)(shui)量控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)60%左右。 3.3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai) 移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)宜在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3月下(xia)旬～10月底。用(yong)(yong)清(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)將組培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養基(ji)充分(fen)清(qing)洗干(gan)凈。移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)2株(zhu)(zhu)～4株(zhu)(zhu)為一叢，按10cm×10cm行(xing)株(zhu)(zhu)距(ju)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.4移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)肥(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)，應(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)降低(di)光照(zhao)。鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度為15℃～28℃，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)棚(peng)內溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度應(ying)(ying)低(di)于(yu)45℃，高(gao)(gao)于(yu)0℃。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)入冬(dong)(dong)季之前，要(yao)(yao)對(dui)鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)進(jin)行(xing)抗凍煉苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)并適當(dang)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。越冬(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候，要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)偏(pian)干(gan)為好(hao)，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)視植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)三天(tian)開(kai)始可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)進(jin)行(xing)第(di)一次澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)。若遇天(tian)氣(qi)干(gan)旱，可(ke)(ke)結合(he)(he)(he)追肥(fei)(fei)進(jin)行(xing)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)。伏天(tian)干(gan)旱，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)早(zao)晚噴水(shui)(shui)(shui)，切勿(wu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)陽(yang)(yang)光暴(bao)曬(shai)下(xia)進(jin)行(xing)。雨季時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)溝(gou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)墑(di)，加(jia)深(shen)畦(qi)溝(gou)和(he)(he)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溝(gou)，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一周后(hou)開(kai)始施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)，禁(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)化(hua)學(xue)肥(fei)(fei)料、城市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活垃圾(ji)(ji)、醫院垃圾(ji)(ji)、工(gong)業垃圾(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)糞便(bian)，只施(shi)腐熟(shu)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)或商(shang)品有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安全(quan)。 3.5病(bing)蟲(chong)草害(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人工(gong)除(chu)草和(he)(he)松土(tu)，禁(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)任何除(chu)草劑。病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遵(zun)循“預防(fang)(fang)為主、綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)針，優(you)(you)先(xian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，進(jin)行(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)預處理(li)(li)(li)(li)、清(qing)理(li)(li)(li)(li)場地(di)(di)(di)周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雜物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、棚(peng)內外嚴(yan)格隔離，應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)蔭網(wang)，合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)通風(feng)、降濕。綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)(he)利用(yong)(yong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)措施(shi)，開(kai)展以(yi)(yi)(yi)竹醋液(ye)、石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)、黑光燈誘殺以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)、礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)等(deng)(deng)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。禁(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)化(hua)學(xue)合(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)有(you)毒(du)有(you)害(hai)(hai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)染。 4、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)與加(jia)工(gong) 采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)兩年以(yi)(yi)(yi)上生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)上部分(fen)植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)。鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)可(ke)(ke)全(quan)年按成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度分(fen)批(pi)分(fen)期(qi)進(jin)行(xing)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)作鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)楓斗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，則11月至(zhi)次年4月采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前對(dui)所有(you)器具、運輸(shu)車(che)輛、包裝物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)檢修、清(qing)洗、消(xiao)毒(du)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)取樣，檢測多糖、水(shui)(shui)(shui)份(fen)等(deng)(deng)，貯藏陰涼潮濕處，防(fang)(fang)凍。鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)楓斗加(jia)工(gong)：將鮮(xian)鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)莖在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)炭火(huo)上微烤(kao)，并不斷翻動，使(shi)(shi)(shi)受熱(re)均勻，撿(jian)較(jiao)長(chang)(chang)者酌予剪斷成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)約(yue)(yue)5～7cm長(chang)(chang)。烤(kao)至(zhi)枝(zhi)條柔(rou)軟(ruan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，用(yong)(yong)雙手(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大拇指(zhi)(zhi)、食(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)、中(zhong)指(zhi)(zhi)夾住莖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩端，緩緩用(yong)(yong)力(li)扭曲，邊扭邊烤(kao)，待繞成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了3～5環(huan)，用(yong)(yong)手(shou)指(zhi)(zhi)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)螺旋形圓柱狀，再用(yong)(yong)牛(niu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)紙(zhi)(zhi)固定(ding)(ding)，置(zhi)通風(feng)處放置(zhi)數日，拆(chai)去(qu)紙(zhi)(zhi)條，再在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)炭火(huo)上烘烤(kao)至(zhi)干(gan)。 5、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)(ji)錄 建立鐵(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)田間(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)檔(dang)案(an)(an)、加(jia)工(gong)檔(dang)案(an)(an)。記(ji)(ji)錄土(tu)壤、灌溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、空氣(qi)等(deng)(deng)環(huan)境質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量狀況(kuang)(kuang)和(he)(he)小(xiao)氣(qi)候資(zi)料；如實(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)載育苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)、移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)業投入品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱、來(lai)源(yuan)、用(yong)(yong)法(fa)、用(yong)(yong)量和(he)(he)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)日期(qi)，病(bing)蟲(chong)草害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)；產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)、采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)量、鮮(xian)重和(he)(he)加(jia)工(gong)、干(gan)燥(zao)、干(gan)燥(zao)減重、運輸(shu)、貯藏以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)工(gong)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)訓情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)(ji)錄實(shi)(shi)行(xing)專人負責(ze)，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歸檔(dang)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)存期(qi)三年以(yi)(yi)(yi)上。

六.包裝(zhuang)標識相關規定

1、包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang) 包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)材料(liao)符合(he)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)衛生要求，應(ying)(ying)(ying)干(gan)燥(zao)、清(qing)潔、無(wu)(wu)(wu)毒(du)、無(wu)(wu)(wu)異氣(qi)味，不(bu)影響產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質。包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)牢固、防潮、整(zheng)潔。 2、標(biao)識 銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)標(biao)簽應(ying)(ying)(ying)標(biao)明(ming)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)名稱、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地、采摘日期（或包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)日期）、凈含量、保質期、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)編號、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)單(dan)位（或經(jing)銷單(dan)位）名稱和(he)地址。標(biao)志(zhi)使用(yong)人應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)其產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)或其包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)(shang)標(biao)有(you)“武義鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛”字樣(yang)和(he)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)志(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)標(biao)識。經(jing)認證(zheng)獲得無(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)害、綠色或有(you)機產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛可在(zai)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)(shang)加(jia)貼(tie)相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量標(biao)志(zhi)。 3、貯藏 選擇清(qing)潔、衛生、無(wu)(wu)(wu)污(wu)染(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)場所。嚴(yan)禁(jin)與有(you)毒(du)、有(you)害、有(you)異味、易污(wu)染(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物品(pin)(pin)(pin)放在(zai)一起。 4、運(yun)輸 產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)輸應(ying)(ying)(ying)選擇清(qing)潔、衛生、無(wu)(wu)(wu)污(wu)染(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)輸工具，運(yun)輸過程(cheng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)防止(zhi)雨淋、暴曬。嚴(yan)禁(jin)與其他有(you)毒(du)有(you)害物混運(yun)。 5、標(biao)識管理(li)(li) 地域范(fan)圍內的(de)(de)(de)(de)武義鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營者，在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)或包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)(shang)使用(yong)已獲得等(deng)級保護的(de)(de)(de)(de)武義鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛地理(li)(li)標(biao)志(zhi)，須向登記證(zheng)書持有(you)人提(ti)出申請(qing)，并簽訂相(xiang)關(guan)合(he)同(tong)，按照相(xiang)關(guan)要求規范(fan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)使用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)，統一采用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)名稱和(he)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)志(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)標(biao)識相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)識標(biao)注方(fang)法。