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一.產品介紹

武(wu)義(yi)縣(xian)種(zhong)植鐵(tie)皮(pi)石斛(hu)歷史悠久，相傳(chuan)唐朝(chao)年(nian)間，曾為(wei)(wei)唐高宗、武(wu)則天等五代皇帝做過御(yu)醫的(de)養生大(da)師葉法善晚(wan)年(nian)隱(yin)居于武(wu)義(yi)西南山區（原宣(xuan)平(ping)縣(xian)）一帶(dai)，為(wei)(wei)后人留下許多御(yu)用秘方，而武(wu)義(yi)鐵(tie)皮(pi)石斛(hu)正(zheng)是這些(xie)組方、遺方中(zhong)的(de)精華(hua)所在。明朝(chao)崇禎丙(bing)子年(nian)修(xiu)訂的(de)《宣(xuan)平(ping)縣(xian)志》（1958年(nian)原宣(xuan)平(ping)縣(xian)撤銷建制并入武(wu)義(yi)縣(xian)）記載，“石斛(hu)，俗名(ming)吊蘭(lan)……以(yi)沙石栽(zai)之(zhi)或以(yi)物盛掛(gua)檐下，經年(nian)不死，俗名(ming)為(wei)(wei)千年(nian)潤。”明確了武(wu)義(yi)鐵(tie)皮(pi)石斛(hu)人工栽(zai)培已有370多年(nian)歷史。 近年(nian)來，武(wu)義(yi)鐵(tie)皮(pi)石斛(hu)產業發展迅速，先后獲得中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)義(yi)烏（國(guo)(guo)際）森(sen)林產品博覽(lan)會(hui)金(jin)獎、金(jin)華(hua)市優質農產品金(jin)獎等獎項；同時被評為(wei)(wei)浙江(jiang)名(ming)牌產品、金(jin)華(hua)名(ming)牌產品、浙江(jiang)名(ming)牌產品、金(jin)華(hua)市知名(ming)商(shang)品稱(cheng)(cheng)號等榮譽稱(cheng)(cheng)號。

二.自然生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)和(he)人(ren)文歷史因素

1、地(di)(di)理地(di)(di)貌 武(wu)義(yi)鐵皮(pi)石斛種植(zhi)(zhi)于武(wu)義(yi)縣(xian)中(zhong)南(nan)部(bu)山(shan)區，屬(shu)(shu)仙霞嶺(ling)山(shan)脈，丹霞地(di)(di)貌帶(dai)。地(di)(di)勢南(nan)高北(bei)低，三面環山(shan)，峰(feng)巒疊嶂，丘陵蜿蜒(yan)起伏，植(zhi)(zhi)被豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)。海拔千米(mi)以上(shang)的(de)山(shan)峰(feng)有79座，最(zui)高峰(feng)牛頭山(shan)國家(jia)森林(lin)公園位(wei)于武(wu)義(yi)、遂昌兩(liang)縣(xian)交(jiao)界(jie)，峰(feng)高1560米(mi)，為(wei)浙中(zhong)第一峰(feng)。境(jing)內(nei)森林(lin)茂密，覆蓋(gai)率達85.93%（全縣(xian)森林(lin)覆蓋(gai)率達72%），自(zi)然生態環境(jing)優越(yue)，非常適宜(yi)鐵皮(pi)石斛的(de)生長。 2、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di) 保護區內(nei)有紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)、巖(yan)石性土(tu)(tu)、潮(chao)土(tu)(tu)、水(shui)(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)5個土(tu)(tu)類，主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)呈(cheng)地(di)(di)域性和垂(chui)直(zhi)分布，PH值為(wei)5.5-7.5，微(wei)酸(suan)性或酸(suan)性，土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肥沃，富(fu)含有機質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（山(shan)地(di)(di)有機質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)均(jun)含量(liang)達4.03%），保水(shui)(shui)保肥能力強，排(pai)灌條(tiao)件(jian)好。 3、水(shui)(shui)文 境(jing)內(nei)中(zhong)部(bu)由東(dong)至(zhi)西(xi)以大(da)殿嶺(ling)至(zhi)樊嶺(ling)為(wei)界(jie)，形成南(nan)北(bei)兩(liang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)。南(nan)部(bu)河流入麗江(jiang)大(da)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)，屬(shu)(shu)甌(ou)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)，主(zhu)要(yao)河流有東(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)與西(xi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)，以及(ji)兩(liang)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)匯流后的(de)午溪(xi)(xi)(xi)（宣平(ping)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)）；北(bei)部(bu)河流入金華婺(wu)江(jiang)，屬(shu)(shu)錢(qian)塘江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)，主(zhu)要(yao)河流為(wei)武(wu)義(yi)江(jiang)及(ji)其一二級支流麻陽港(gang)、熟(shu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)等。保護區內(nei)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)河流密布，均(jun)屬(shu)(shu)山(shan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)性河流，上(shang)游為(wei)崇山(shan)峻(jun)嶺(ling)，源短流急，河床狹(xia)窄比降(jiang)大(da)，水(shui)(shui)量(liang)豐(feng)(feng)沛，洪枯明顯。水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)清澈(che)、純凈。建(jian)有宣平(ping)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)（庫(ku)容3105萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)）、源口(kou)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)（庫(ku)容2220萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)）兩(liang)座中(zhong)型水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)均(jun)達到國家(jia)Ⅱ級飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)標準，是(shi)理想的(de)農業生產和生活(huo)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)。 4、氣(qi)候 武(wu)義(yi)鐵皮(pi)石斛種植(zhi)(zhi)區域屬(shu)(shu)亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)風氣(qi)候。年(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)16.9℃，年(nian)際間在16.2～17.6℃范圍內(nei)變(bian)動。1月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)4.8℃，7月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)28.4℃。年(nian)最(zui)低溫(wen)-8℃、最(zui)高溫(wen)39℃，極端溫(wen)度日數少。年(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)1524毫米(mi)，相對濕度為(wei)81%。年(nian)均(jun)日照1838小(xiao)(xiao)時，日照率41%。無霜期279天(tian)。山(shan)間云霧(wu)繚繞，夏季(ji)涼(liang)爽。

三.地域范圍

武義鐵皮石(shi)斛農產品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域保護范圍，東(dong)(dong)至泉(quan)溪(xi)(xi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)車蘇(su)和千(qian)丈(zhang)巖，南到三(san)港(gang)(gang)鄉三(san)港(gang)(gang)村(cun)，西起西聯鄉大(da)(da)坑下，北至白(bai)姆鄉張坑和長(chang)蛇(she)形村(cun)，地(di)理坐標(biao)為東(dong)(dong)經119°28′—119°55′，北緯28°32′—28°50′，包括武義縣王宅鎮(zhen)(zhen)、白(bai)姆鄉、泉(quan)溪(xi)(xi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、俞源鄉、熟溪(xi)(xi)街道、坦(tan)洪鄉、柳城鎮(zhen)(zhen)、桃溪(xi)(xi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、新宅鎮(zhen)(zhen)、西聯鄉、大(da)(da)田鄉、三(san)港(gang)(gang)鄉、大(da)(da)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)鄉等13個鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)街道95個行政村(cun)。可(ke)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積2388.7公頃，2011年(nian)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積452公頃。

四.產品品質特性(xing)特征(zheng)

1、外在(zai)感官特征(zheng) 1.1鮮品(pin) 莖黃綠(lv)色，縱(zong)(zong)紋(wen)色淺(qian)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)黃綠(lv)色。略具(ju)(ju)青(qing)草香(xiang)氣，味(wei)淡或微甜(tian)，嚼之初有(you)(you)黏滑(hua)(hua)感，繼有(you)(you)濃厚粘滯感。園(yuan)柱形(xing)，橫斷面(mian)圓形(xing)，節(jie)(jie)(jie)間(jian)微胖；節(jie)(jie)(jie)明顯，節(jie)(jie)(jie)間(jian)1.3 cm～1.7cm，不(bu)分(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)，莖粗(cu)2mm～6mm，葉(xie)二列(lie)，互(hu)生，矩園(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披(pi)針形(xing)，基部下延為抱莖的(de)鞘，邊緣和中肋常(chang)帶淡紫(zi)色，葉(xie)鞘常(chang)具(ju)(ju)紫(zi)斑，老時其(qi)上(shang)緣與莖松離而張開，并且留下1個(ge)環(huan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)鐵(tie)青(qing)的(de)間(jian)隙。總狀(zhuang)(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)序常(chang)從葉(xie)的(de)老莖上(shang)部發出(chu)，具(ju)(ju)花(hua)(hua)(hua)2朵～3朵；萼片和花(hua)(hua)(hua)瓣黃綠(lv)色，長(chang)園(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披(pi)針形(xing)，長(chang)約1.8cm，寬4mm～5mm。 1.2干(gan)品(pin)（鐵(tie)皮楓斗） 黃綠(lv)色。略具(ju)(ju)青(qing)草香(xiang)氣，味(wei)淡，后微甜(tian)，嚼之初有(you)(you)黏滑(hua)(hua)感，繼有(you)(you)濃厚粘滯感，無渣滓。呈螺旋(xuan)(xuan)形(xing)或彈簧狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，一般為3～5個(ge)旋(xuan)(xuan)紋(wen)，莖拉直后長(chang)3.5cm～8 cm，直徑0.2cm～0.3 cm，表面(mian)有(you)(you)細(xi)縱(zong)(zong)皺(zhou)紋(wen)，質(zhi)(zhi)堅實，易(yi)折斷，斷面(mian)平坦。 2、內在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)指標(biao) 2.1鮮品(pin) 水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)≤88%，粗(cu)多(duo)糖(tang)(tang)（以(yi)葡萄糖(tang)(tang)計）≥25%（干(gan)燥后）。 2.2干(gan)品(pin)(鐵(tie)皮楓斗) 水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)≤12%，灰分(fen)(fen)≤6.0%，酸不(bu)溶(rong)性灰分(fen)(fen)≤1.2%，浸出(chu)物≥6.5％，粗(cu)多(duo)糖(tang)(tang)（以(yi)無水(shui)(shui)葡萄糖(tang)(tang)計）≥25%，甘(gan)露糖(tang)(tang)與葡萄糖(tang)(tang)峰(feng)面(mian)積(ji)比為2.4～8.0，甘(gan)露糖(tang)(tang)13.0％～38.0％。 2.3、安全要求 執(zhi)行浙江(jiang)省地方(fang)標(biao)準《無公害(hai) 鐵(tie)皮石斛》（DB33/635.4-2007）的(de)標(biao)準。

五.特定生產(chan)方式(shi)

1、產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)選擇 武(wu)義(yi)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)選擇在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)距離交通(tong)主(zhu)干(gan)道100m以(yi)(yi)(yi)外，遠離廠礦企業等(deng)(deng)污染(ran)源(yuan)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)良好(hao)(hao)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)充分，具有(you)(you)可(ke)持(chi)續生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)河谷(gu)(gu)、山谷(gu)(gu)坡地(di)和(he)(he)(he)臺(tai)坡地(di)等(deng)(deng)區域。基地(di)海拔高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)250～800米(mi)間(jian)，土壤(rang)肥(fei)沃，土層大于(yu)30cm，排(pai)灌(guan)良好(hao)(hao)，相對(dui)集中(zhong)連片，可(ke)專(zhuan)業化、規模化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。大氣(qi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)等(deng)(deng)條(tiao)件必須符合浙(zhe)江省地(di)方(fang)標(biao)準(zhun)《無(wu)公害(hai)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)》產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)環境(jing)（DB33/T635.1-2007）的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 2、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu) 選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)適應(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)、抗逆(ni)性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)、商(shang)品(pin)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)(hao)，有(you)(you)效成(cheng)分含量(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，適宜當(dang)地(di)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“仙(xian)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)1號(hao)”、“仙(xian)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)2號(hao)”等(deng)(deng)優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)（品(pin)系(xi)）。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)種(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合《中(zhong)國植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)志》收(shou)(shou)載的(de)(de)(de)(de)蘭科植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)特征，并經過鑒定確認。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)組織培(pei)(pei)養技術培(pei)(pei)育鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)、原球莖(jing)(jing)(jing)誘(you)導(dao)苗(miao)(miao)和(he)(he)(he)不(bu)定芽誘(you)導(dao)苗(miao)(miao)。原球莖(jing)(jing)(jing)繼(ji)代(dai)(dai)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3代(dai)(dai)～5代(dai)(dai)，不(bu)定芽繼(ji)代(dai)(dai)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)內。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該為非污染(ran)、無(wu)爛(lan)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)、爛(lan)根、黃葉，葉齡在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)4片以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)，正常展開(kai)(kai)(kai)，葉色嫩綠或(huo)翠(cui)綠。苗(miao)(miao)株高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)≥2.5厘(li)米(mi)，莖(jing)(jing)(jing)粗≥0.2厘(li)米(mi)。 3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)(li) 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)嚴格(ge)按(an)照《有(you)(you)機產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)》第一(yi)部分：生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)（GB/T19630.1-2005）的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，確保產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)優質(zhi)安(an)全。 3.1場(chang)(chang)地(di)準(zhun)備(bei) 栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)設(she)(she)(she)施搭建前(qian)(qian)先深(shen)翻土壤(rang)20cm～30cm，暴(bao)曬，表面撒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)100kg/667平方(fang)米(mi)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)深(shen)翻消毒。架設(she)(she)(she)玻璃溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室或(huo)大棚(peng)，配置(zhi)遮(zhe)陽(yang)網、噴霧和(he)(he)(he)灌(guan)溉等(deng)(deng)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)設(she)(she)(she)施。開(kai)(kai)(kai)溝(gou)(gou)作畦(qi)，畦(qi)寬1.2m～1.4m、長(chang)(chang)≤40m；畦(qi)面呈龜背(bei)型，畦(qi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)約15cm；開(kai)(kai)(kai)好(hao)(hao)畦(qi)溝(gou)(gou)、圍溝(gou)(gou)，使(shi)溝(gou)(gou)溝(gou)(gou)相通(tong)，并有(you)(you)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口。 3.2鋪(pu)設(she)(she)(she)基質(zhi) 要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)土層深(shen)大于(yu)30cm，將(jiang)(jiang)基質(zhi)鋪(pu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)土層上(shang)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)約10cm，可(ke)播種(zhong)(zhong)共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)菌菌種(zhong)(zhong)。基質(zhi)選擇松鱗、苔蘚(xian)、植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)根、莖(jing)(jing)(jing)、葉及(ji)(ji)碎石(shi)(shi)片等(deng)(deng)。基質(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)(qian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該經堆(dui)制(zhi)發(fa)(fa)酵3～4天(tian)(tian)處理(li)(li)，含水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)60%左右。 3.3種(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)(miao)移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai) 移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)時(shi)間(jian)宜在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3月下旬～10月底。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)將(jiang)(jiang)組培(pei)(pei)苗(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)根部的(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養基充分清洗(xi)干(gan)凈。移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)時(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)2株～4株為一(yi)叢(cong)，按(an)10cm×10cm行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)株距栽(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)。 3.4移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)后(hou)肥(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)管理(li)(li) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)陽(yang)降低光(guang)照。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)為15℃～28℃，栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)棚(peng)內溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)應(ying)(ying)(ying)低于(yu)45℃，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)0℃。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)入冬(dong)季之(zhi)前(qian)(qian)，要(yao)(yao)對(dui)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)抗凍(dong)煉苗(miao)(miao)并適當(dang)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。越(yue)冬(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)，要(yao)(yao)注意保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。基質(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)偏干(gan)為好(hao)(hao)，栽(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)視植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)株生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)情況(kuang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)第三天(tian)(tian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)第一(yi)次(ci)澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。若(ruo)遇天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)干(gan)旱，可(ke)結合追肥(fei)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。伏(fu)天(tian)(tian)干(gan)旱，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)早晚噴水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，切勿在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)陽(yang)光(guang)暴(bao)曬下進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。雨季時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)清溝(gou)(gou)理(li)(li)墑，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)深(shen)畦(qi)溝(gou)(gou)和(he)(he)(he)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溝(gou)(gou)，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。栽(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)周后(hou)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始施肥(fei)，禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化學肥(fei)料、城市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活垃圾、醫院垃圾、工(gong)(gong)業垃圾和(he)(he)(he)糞便，只施腐熟(shu)有(you)(you)機肥(fei)或(huo)商(shang)品(pin)有(you)(you)機肥(fei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)保證生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)優質(zhi)安(an)全。 3.5病(bing)蟲草害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi) 栽(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)除草和(he)(he)(he)松土，禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)任何除草劑。病(bing)蟲害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)遵(zun)循“預防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)為主(zhu)、綜(zong)合防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保方(fang)針，優先采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)，進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)預處理(li)(li)、清理(li)(li)場(chang)(chang)地(di)周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)雜(za)物(wu)、棚(peng)內外嚴格(ge)隔離，應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)蔭網，合理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)通(tong)風、降濕。綜(zong)合利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)物(wu)理(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)措施，開(kai)(kai)(kai)展以(yi)(yi)(yi)竹醋液、石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)、黑光(guang)燈誘(you)殺以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)農藥(yao)、礦物(wu)農藥(yao)等(deng)(deng)綜(zong)合防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)病(bing)蟲害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化學合成(cheng)農藥(yao)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)毒有(you)(you)害(hai)物(wu)質(zhi)對(dui)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)。 4、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)采收(shou)(shou)與加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong) 采收(shou)(shou)兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)上(shang)部分植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)株。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)可(ke)全年(nian)(nian)按(an)成(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)分批(pi)分期(qi)(qi)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)采收(shou)(shou)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)作鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)楓(feng)斗(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，則11月至次(ci)年(nian)(nian)4月采收(shou)(shou)。采收(shou)(shou)前(qian)(qian)對(dui)所有(you)(you)器(qi)具、運輸車輛、包裝物(wu)等(deng)(deng)檢修、清洗(xi)、消毒。采收(shou)(shou)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)取樣，檢測多糖、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)份等(deng)(deng)，貯藏(zang)陰涼(liang)潮濕處，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)凍(dong)。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)楓(feng)斗(dou)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)：將(jiang)(jiang)鮮鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)炭火(huo)上(shang)微烤，并不(bu)斷翻動，使(shi)受熱(re)均勻，撿(jian)較長(chang)(chang)者酌予(yu)剪斷成(cheng)約5～7cm長(chang)(chang)。烤至枝條(tiao)柔軟時(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雙(shuang)手(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大拇指(zhi)、食指(zhi)、中(zhong)指(zhi)夾住莖(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端，緩(huan)緩(huan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力扭曲(qu)，邊(bian)扭邊(bian)烤，待繞成(cheng)了3～5環，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)指(zhi)壓成(cheng)螺旋形圓柱狀(zhuang)，再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)牛皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)紙固定，置(zhi)通(tong)風處放置(zhi)數日，拆去紙條(tiao)，再在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)炭火(huo)上(shang)烘烤至干(gan)。 5、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)(lu) 建立鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)(hu)田間(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)檔案(an)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)檔案(an)。記錄(lu)(lu)土壤(rang)、灌(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、空(kong)氣(qi)等(deng)(deng)環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)和(he)(he)(he)小氣(qi)候(hou)資料；如實(shi)記載育苗(miao)(miao)、移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)時(shi)間(jian)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農業投入品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱、來(lai)源(yuan)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)和(he)(he)(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)日期(qi)(qi)，病(bing)蟲草害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)情況(kuang)；產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)采收(shou)(shou)時(shi)間(jian)、采收(shou)(shou)量(liang)、鮮重和(he)(he)(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、干(gan)燥、干(gan)燥減重、運輸、貯藏(zang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)培(pei)(pei)訓情況(kuang)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)(lu)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)專(zhuan)人(ren)負責，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)歸檔，保存期(qi)(qi)三年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。

六.包裝標(biao)識相(xiang)關規(gui)定

1、包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang) 包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)材料符合食品(pin)(pin)衛(wei)生(sheng)要求，應(ying)(ying)干燥(zao)、清潔、無(wu)毒(du)、無(wu)異氣味(wei)，不影響產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)。包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)應(ying)(ying)牢固、防潮、整潔。 2、標(biao)(biao)識(shi) 銷售的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)標(biao)(biao)簽應(ying)(ying)標(biao)(biao)明產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)名稱(cheng)(cheng)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)、采(cai)摘日期（或包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)日期）、凈含量(liang)、保(bao)質(zhi)期、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)編號、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)單位（或經(jing)銷單位）名稱(cheng)(cheng)和(he)地(di)址。標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)人應(ying)(ying)在其產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)或其包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)上標(biao)(biao)有“武(wu)(wu)義鐵(tie)皮石斛”字(zi)樣和(he)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)(biao)識(shi)。經(jing)認(ren)證獲(huo)得無(wu)公害、綠色或有機產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)鐵(tie)皮石斛可在包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)上加貼相應(ying)(ying)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)。 3、貯藏 選擇清潔、衛(wei)生(sheng)、無(wu)污染的(de)場所。嚴(yan)禁(jin)與(yu)有毒(du)、有害、有異味(wei)、易污染的(de)物品(pin)(pin)放在一起。 4、運輸(shu) 產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)運輸(shu)應(ying)(ying)選擇清潔、衛(wei)生(sheng)、無(wu)污染的(de)運輸(shu)工具，運輸(shu)過程(cheng)應(ying)(ying)防止雨(yu)淋(lin)、暴曬。嚴(yan)禁(jin)與(yu)其他有毒(du)有害物混運。 5、標(biao)(biao)識(shi)管理 地(di)域范(fan)圍內的(de)武(wu)(wu)義鐵(tie)皮石斛生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營者，在產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)或包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)上使(shi)用(yong)已獲(huo)得等級保(bao)護(hu)的(de)武(wu)(wu)義鐵(tie)皮石斛地(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，須向登記證書持有人提出申請，并簽訂相關合同，按照相關要求規范(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)使(shi)用(yong)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，統一采(cai)用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)名稱(cheng)(cheng)和(he)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)(biao)識(shi)相結合的(de)標(biao)(biao)識(shi)標(biao)(biao)注方法。