一.產品介紹
洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)位于湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)中南(nan)部,江(jiang)(jiang)漢平原東(dong)(dong)南(nan)端,南(nan)臨長江(jiang)(jiang),瀕臨百里(li)(li)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),與(yu)三國古(gu)戰場赤(chi)(chi)壁隔江(jiang)(jiang)相望,市(shi)治新(xin)堤鎮(zhen)東(dong)(dong)距省(sheng)會武漢市(shi)175公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),西距荊州(zhou)市(shi)區201公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。全(quan)市(shi)轄20個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen),3個(ge)(ge)農(nong)(nong)場,總(zong)人口(kou)94萬,全(quan)市(shi)版(ban)土面積2519平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)米(mi)(mi)優(you)質生產(chan)基地(di),涵蓋(gai)了(le)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)境內的(de)(de)長江(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu),沿洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)周邊(bian),漢沙河(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)排河(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu),內荊河(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu),東(dong)(dong)荊河(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)沙口(kou)、汊河(he)(he)、新(xin)灘等14個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)70個(ge)(ge)村(cun)。現已(yi)建立綠(lv)色食品基地(di)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)沙口(kou)、汊河(he)(he)兩個(ge)(ge)鎮(zhen),沙咀、龍甲(jia)、董口(kou)、新(xin)墩等10個(ge)(ge)村(cun),基地(di)面積3萬畝,網絡農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)1240人,為農(nong)(nong)民增(zeng)收1500萬元。種(zhong)(zhong)植基地(di)土壤肥沃,光照充足,雨量充沛(pei),加之(zhi)有(you)(you)百里(li)(li)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)得天(tian)獨厚的(de)(de)自然生態,是種(zhong)(zhong)植優(you)質稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)天(tian)然場所(suo),身臨其(qi)境,正如洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)赤(chi)(chi)衛隊(dui)歌曲中所(suo)唱的(de)(de)一樣(yang)“處處野鴨和菱藕,秋收滿畈稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)谷(gu)香(xiang)”。所(suo)孕育出(chu)來的(de)(de)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)米(mi)(mi)在三國時就已(yi)享(xiang)盛名,素有(you)(you)“稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)耳(er)米(mi)(mi)”之(zhi)稱。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)米(mi)(mi)外(wai)觀商品性(xing)好(hao),米(mi)(mi)粒晶(jing)瑩透亮,細長,均勻,無腹白(bai),開鍋香(xiang)噴噴,入口(kou)綿甜,香(xiang)味濃郁(yu),米(mi)(mi)飯松軟而(er)(er)不(bu)粘。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)米(mi)(mi)含(han)膠質多,有(you)(you)豐富的(de)(de)淀粉與(yu)植物蛋(dan)白(bai)質,營養豐富。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)再(zai)(zai)(zai)生稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)米(mi)(mi)因產(chan)于湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水鄉(xiang)而(er)(er)得名。據老人傳(chuan)說,百里(li)(li)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)古(gu)時屬八百里(li)(li)洞(dong)庭(ting)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)范圍,因長江(jiang)(jiang)形(xing)成后(hou)分離。每年6、7月份(fen),長江(jiang)(jiang)上游客水和洞(dong)庭(ting)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水匯合后(hou)形(xing)成洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰,順江(jiang)(jiang)而(er)(er)下,因長江(jiang)(jiang)堤小,難以抵御(yu)大水,形(xing)成潰口(kou)淹沒農(nong)(nong)田;因洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)原屬沔陽(yang)州(zhou)管(guan)轄,故民謠傳(chuan)唱“沙湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)沔陽(yang)州(zhou),十(shi)年九不(bu)收”。
二.自然生態(tai)環(huan)境和(he)人文歷(li)史因(yin)素
1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)貌:洪湖再(zai)生稻米種植(zhi)(zhi)區域(yu)位(wei)于江漢平(ping)原(yuan)腹(fu)地(di)(di)四湖流(liu)域(yu)下(xia)游(you),內(nei)臨洪湖、南靠長江、北依東荊河,境內(nei)河湖港汊眾(zhong)多(duo),溝渠(qu)縱(zong)橫,地(di)(di)勢(shi)低洼,地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)位(wei)高(gao)。地(di)(di)貌類型(xing)(xing)(xing)比較(jiao)(jiao)單一,主要(yao)是(shi)沖積、湖積平(ping)原(yuan)。境內(nei)以水(shui)稻、水(shui)生蔬菜(cai)種植(zhi)(zhi)和水(shui)產養殖為(wei)主。生產區域(yu)稻田多(duo)為(wei)潛(qian)育(yu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和沼澤型(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)稻土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)剖面構型(xing)(xing)(xing)多(duo)呈AG型(xing)(xing)(xing)和APG型(xing)(xing)(xing),質(zhi)地(di)(di)偏粘,呈中性—微(wei)堿性,PH值6.8—7.5。因常年(nian)秸稈還田有機(ji)質(zhi)含量較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)豐富,平(ping)均含26.5g/kg,理(li)化性狀好(hao),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)硒元素含量豐富,土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)肥沃,耕(geng)作(zuo)性良好(hao),適宜種植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)稻。
2、水(shui)文水(shui)利:洪(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區“四湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)”(長(chang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、三(san)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、白(bai)露(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、洪(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu))諸(zhu)水(shui)匯歸之地(di)(di),因而成為(wei)(wei)具有(you)(you)江(jiang)南地(di)(di)理特征的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)網地(di)(di)區,素有(you)(you)“百湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)之市(shi)(shi)”、“水(shui)鄉澤國”之稱。主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)渠除南沿(yan)長(chang)江(jiang)、北依東荊河(he)(he)(he)(he)外,區 域(yu)內(nei)還有(you)(you)內(nei)荊河(he)(he)(he)(he)、“四湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)”總(zong)干渠、洪(hong)(hong)排(pai)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、南港河(he)(he)(he)(he)、陶洪(hong)(hong)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、中府河(he)(he)(he)(he)、下新(xin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、蔡家河(he)(he)(he)(he)、老閘河(he)(he)(he)(he)等大(da)(da)小河(he)(he)(he)(he)渠113條,總(zong)長(chang)度達900公里;千畝以上的(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)有(you)(you)洪(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、大(da)(da)沙湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、大(da)(da)同湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、土地(di)(di)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、里湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、沙套湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、太馬(ma)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、金灣湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、形斗湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)等21個。洪(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)市(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)資源(yuan)為(wei)(wei)19.10億(yi)立方(fang)米,占湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)北省水(shui)資源(yuan)總(zong)儲量19%,人均(jun)2528立方(fang)米。境內(nei)雨量充(chong)沛。由于江(jiang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)環繞,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)多河(he)(he)(he)(he)密,地(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)極其豐(feng)富,為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)下水(shui)提供了充(chong)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)補給來源(yuan)。洪(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區水(shui)面(mian)53萬(wan)畝,是目前全球(qiu)水(shui)質優(you)良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)型淡水(shui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)之一,是我國重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)濕地(di)(di)保護區,2006年獲“世界生命(ming)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)最佳保護獎(jiang)”。 洪(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)再生稻(dao)米生產區域(yu)稻(dao)田灌(guan)溉(gai)用水(shui)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)來源(yuan)于洪(hong)(hong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區域(yu)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)和河(he)(he)(he)(he)流。基地(di)(di)內(nei)水(shui)利設(she)施齊全完善,溝渠配套,有(you)(you)大(da)(da)小電排(pai)站115座(zuo),能排(pai)能灌(guan),排(pai)灌(guan)方(fang)便,有(you)(you)效灌(guan)溉(gai)面(mian)積(ji)達100%。
3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou):洪(hong)湖(hu)(hu)地(di)區(qu)(qu)位于溫(wen)暖(nuan)的(de)(de)北亞熱(re)帶中緯度(du)(du)南(nan)緣,屬(shu)我國季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)較(jiao)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu),近地(di)層為(wei)(wei)(wei)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)環(huan)境(jing)所(suo)控(kong)制,所(suo)以北亞熱(re)帶濕潤季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)是(shi)洪(hong)湖(hu)(hu)濕地(di)的(de)(de)基(ji)本氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)特(te)(te)征。四季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分明(ming),冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)寒冷(leng)干燥,盛行東北季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng);夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)炎(yan)熱(re)多(duo)雨,多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)東南(nan)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)或西南(nan)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)控(kong)制;而春、秋兩(liang)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)過渡季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節,兩(liang)種季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)交替出現。受到季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang),該地(di)區(qu)(qu)7月(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)28.9℃,比(bi)同緯度(du)(du)全(quan)球均(jun)(jun)值24.0℃高,1月(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)3.8℃又比(bi)同緯度(du)(du)均(jun)(jun)值5.5℃低,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)16.6℃。由(you)于受季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang),洪(hong)湖(hu)(hu)地(di)區(qu)(qu)具有(you)光(guang)能充足,降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)充沛(pei),熱(re)量(liang)豐富(fu),雨熱(re)同季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)特(te)(te)點。本地(di)區(qu)(qu)年(nian)輻(fu)射總量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)455.4每平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)厘米(mi)焦耳,年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)在1060.5-1331.1mm之間,且4-10月(yue)份總降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)約占全(quan)年(nian)總降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)的(de)(de)77%,年(nian)均(jun)(jun)蒸(zheng)發量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1354mm;本區(qu)(qu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)徑(jing)(jing)流深度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)360mm,徑(jing)(jing)流量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)37.35×108立(li)方(fang)米(mi);現有(you)湖(hu)(hu)泊可(ke)調蓄容(rong)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)4億立(li)方(fang)米(mi)左右;年(nian)積溫(wen)≥10℃的(de)(de)年(nian)活動積溫(wen)一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)5100-5300℃,其初(chu)日在4月(yue)上(shang)旬,終日在11月(yue)上(shang)旬,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日照(zhao)時數(shu)1980—2032小時,無(wu)霜期長,一(yi)般 為(wei)(wei)(wei)250天以上(shang)。
4、環(huan)境(jing):生產基地(di)區域無(wu)大型工礦企(qi)業(ye),無(wu)工業(ye)三廢污染(ran)。空(kong)氣清新,微粒懸浮(fu)量(liang)(liang)、二(er)氧化硫含量(liang)(liang)、氮氧化合(he)物(wu)含量(liang)(liang)都很低(di),符合(he)CB3095-1996的一(yi)級標準;產地(di)環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)符合(he)NY∕5115-2008《無(wu)公害農(nong)產品大米標準要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)》;灌溉用(yong)水(shui)(shui)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)于洪湖及(ji)周邊主要(yao)(yao)(yao)河流,水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)優良,符合(he)農(nong)田灌溉水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)標準CB5084-1992。
三.地域范圍
洪(hong)湖(hu)再生稻米(mi)生產(chan)地域范圍(wei)為湖(hu)北省(sheng)洪(hong)湖(hu)市所轄的沙口(kou)、汊河、新(xin)灘、峰(feng)口(kou)、螺(luo)山、烏(wu)林、老灣(wan)、龍口(kou)、燕窩、黃家(jia)(jia)口(kou)、萬全、曹市、戴(dai)家(jia)(jia)場、瞿家(jia)(jia)灣(wan)等14個鄉(xiang)鎮。地理位置(zhi):東經113°07′-114°05′,北緯29°39′-30°02′。
四.產品品質特性特征
1、外(wai)在感觀特征:洪湖再生稻米(mi)屬晚秈稻,外(wai)觀商品性好(hao),米(mi)粒光澤潤滑、晶瑩透亮、細長、均勻、腹白少;米(mi)飯縱(zong)向長度好(hao)、不(bu)開裂,煮熟后(hou)松軟(ruan)可口,不(bu)粘結,開鍋香噴(pen)噴(pen),入口綿甜,清香可口,食后(hou)余味無窮,冷飯不(bu)回(hui)生,口感好(hao)。享有當代“貢米(mi)”的美稱,深受(shou)消費者青睞。
2、內在品質指標:洪(hong)湖(hu)再(zai)生(sheng)稻(dao)米營養價值(zhi)較高,含膠質多,有(you)豐富的淀粉(fen)與植(zhi)物蛋白(bai)質。蛋白(bai)質≧7.5%,膠稠(chou)度≧60mm,直鏈淀粉(fen)≧15-20%。3、質量安全(quan)要(yao)求:洪(hong)湖(hu)再(zai)生(sheng)稻(dao)米符合綠色食(shi)品要(yao)求,NY/T419-2007。