廣豐馬家(jia)柚(you),樹(shu)冠呈傘形或半園形,每年4月(yue)中下(xia)旬開花,單(dan)生花序或總狀花序,花蕾(lei)大,花瓣(ban)白色。果實成熟期10月(yue)中下(xia)旬,梨(li)形或高扁圓(yuan)形,該品種于2009年12月(yue)通過江(jiang)西省(sheng)農作(zuo)物品種審定委員(yuan)會認定。
特征特性
樹冠呈傘形或(huo)半園形,萌芽力強,可(ke)多次抽梢,枝干黯綠色。葉(xie)單(dan)(dan)身復葉(xie),長橢圓(yuan)形,尖(jian)鈍(dun)。每年4月中下(xia)旬開花(hua)(hua)(hua),單(dan)(dan)生(sheng)花(hua)(hua)(hua)序或(huo)總狀花(hua)(hua)(hua)序,一般每個花(hua)(hua)(hua)序著生(sheng)3-5朵花(hua)(hua)(hua),花(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾(lei)大,花(hua)(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)白色。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實成熟(shu)期10月中下(xia)旬,梨形或(huo)高扁圓(yuan)形,橫(heng)徑(jing)17厘米(mi)左右,縱徑(jing)18厘米(mi)左右,果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)形大,平均單(dan)(dan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)重1500克。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皮(pi)黃綠色,油(you)胞大而凸,果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皮(pi)厚2.3厘米(mi)左右,果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皮(pi)內海綿組(zu)織淡紅(hong)色,臍小微凹,單(dan)(dan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)種子數80-120粒(li)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肉淡紅(hong)色,水分充足(zu),出汁(zhi)率(lv)52.69%, 肉質(zhi)細嫩(nen),酸(suan)甜適口,可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固形物10.2%,可(ke)滴定酸(suan)0.68%,富含(han)番茄紅(hong)素,100克鮮(xian)樣含(han)維生(sheng)素C 64.56毫克。每果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)瓤(rang)瓣(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)12-15瓣(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),瓤(rang)瓣(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)外(wai)皮(pi)淡紅(hong)色,瓤(rang)瓣(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)封閉完整,無(wu)裂瓣(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),易(yi)剝離。座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)高,耐貯藏。
產量表現
大田生產種(zhong)植8年以上的果(guo)樹畝產達(da)3000公斤。
適宜地區
與廣豐縣生態條件相(xiang)似的(de)地區種植。
栽培技術要點
選(xuan)擇土層深厚、透氣性好(hao)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)壤土或沙(sha)礫土壤建園種(zhong)植(zhi)。3月(yue)上中旬(xun)采(cai)用大(da)穴種(zhong)植(zhi),行株距(ju)4×5米或4×4米,畝植(zhi)33-42株。施足基肥,每(mei)穴下層施腐熟(shu)廄肥80-100公(gong)斤,上層施枯餅或復合肥1.0-1.5公(gong)斤。定(ding)植(zhi)后(hou)(hou)每(mei)月(yue)視苗木長勢追施稀薄(bo)腐熟(shu)有(you)機肥。結果(guo)后(hou)(hou)每(mei)株的(de)具(ju)體(ti)施肥量以樹齡(ling)長勢和掛果(guo)量而定(ding),一(yi)般(ban)有(you)4個主要(yao)施肥時期(qi),即花(hua)前肥、穩果(guo)肥、促梢壯果(guo)肥和采(cai)果(guo)后(hou)(hou)肥。越冬管理主要(yao)搞好(hao)培(pei)土、清園、施肥、滅蟲、防(fang)凍工(gong)作(zuo)。注意防(fang)治潰瘍病(bing)、瘡痂病(bing)、樹脂(zhi)病(bing)、天牛(niu)、介殼蟲、潛(qian)葉蛾、紅(hong)(hong)蜘蛛等病(bing)蟲害。