《烏石山(shan)(shan)志》載,“明(ming)萬歷初(chu)為提(ti)學孫(sun)昌裔(yi)石梁書室(shi)。清(qing)順(shun)治年(nian)間孫(sun)昌裔(yi)子(zi)學稼、學輔舍(書室(shi))為觀(guan)(道山(shan)(shan)觀(guan)),前建玉皇閣,旁建三(san)寶殿;后(hou)添(tian)鬼谷子(zi)祠及呂祖宮等(deng)”。經考證,福(fu)州烏石山(shan)(shan)呂祖宮始建于清(qing)光緒7年(nian)(1881年(nian))。
呂(lv)祖宮(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)于烏(wu)山(shan)彌陀寺西側,占地200平方米左右。包括前殿(dian)(今(jin)為(wei)烏(wu)山(shan)畫院)、正殿(dian)、廂(xiang)房(fang)、天井(jing)等。昔(xi)時宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內道(dao)具、法器齊(qi)全,經藏、書畫豐富。“文革”中(zhong)遭沖(chong)擊(ji),盡(jin)毀(hui)無存。落實宗教(jiao)政策后,宮(gong)(gong)(gong)殿(dian)得到修復。奉(feng)祀孚佑(you)帝(di)君呂(lv)洞(dong)賓塑像,成為(wei)道(dao)教(jiao)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)觀(guan)(guan)。由中(zhong)國(guo)道(dao)教(jiao)協會(hui)(hui)名譽(yu)理事長、省(sheng)道(dao)教(jiao)協會(hui)(hui)副會(hui)(hui)長陳焱木(mu)(注(zhu):“焱”與(yu)“木(mu)”需拼成上下結構的字)官為(wei)住(zhu)持(chi),福州市(shi)道(dao)教(jiao)協會(hui)(hui)副秘書長陳錦豐為(wei)副住(zhu)持(chi)。他們苦心經營,宮(gong)(gong)(gong)貌煥然一新,被列為(wei)福州市(shi)對外開放宮(gong)(gong)(gong)觀(guan)(guan)。
烏(wu)山(shan)(shan)乃榕城著名風景區,呂祖宮(gong)(gong)碧瓦紅墻,梵鐘蒼松,給優美的自(zi)然環境(jing)增添莊(zhuang)嚴肅穆的色彩(cai)。呂祖宮(gong)(gong)面(mian)向兩(liang)塔(白塔、烏(wu)塔),為山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)最佳(jia)憑眺處。宮(gong)(gong)的周圍亭臺樓閣、名人題詞、崖(ya)刻眾多,宮(gong)(gong)前還有造型逼真的李(li)鐵拐塑像(xiang),葫蘆瓶里日夜噴射晶瑩的水柱,每天都有許多游客駐足觀(guan)賞。
呂(lv)祖(zu)宮(gong)供奉的(de)是(shi)八(ba)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)之一的(de)呂(lv)洞(dong)賓(bin),歷史上呂(lv)洞(dong)賓(bin)確有(you)其人,名品山(shan)(注(zhu):“品”與(yu)“山(shan)”需拼(pin)成上下結構的(de)字(zi)),字(zi)洞(dong)賓(bin),號(hao)(hao)純陽,京(jing)兆(今西安市)人,唐貞元14年(798年)4月14日生。他(ta)眉(mei)目清秀,儀表(biao)堂堂,賦性聰敏,善詩文,出口成章。可是(shi),懷才不(bu)遇,屢試(shi)不(bu)第。他(ta)感悟與(yu)功(gong)名無緣后(hou)(hou),遂往(wang)終南(nan)山(shan)鶴嶺仙(xian)(xian)(xian)人洞(dong)修道,遇鐘離(li)漢授龍(long)虎金丹秘法(fa)。云游(you)廬山(shan),復遇火龍(long)真人傳天(tian)(tian)循劍(jian)法(fa)而善劍(jian)術。他(ta)自稱(cheng)“回(兩口,即呂(lv)也)道人”,背劍(jian)浪游(you)江(jiang)湖。在江(jiang)、淮及湘潭、岳(yue)陽等地留下“雙劍(jian)斬黃龍(long)”、“三醉岳(yue)陽樓(lou)”、“三戲白(bai)牡丹”等神話故事。后(hou)(hou)在武昌黃鶴樓(lou)騎鶴升天(tian)(tian)。因(yin)為呂(lv)洞(dong)賓(bin)道骨仙(xian)(xian)(xian)風,又有(you)“詩仙(xian)(xian)(xian)”、“劍(jian)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)”、“酒仙(xian)(xian)(xian)”的(de)稱(cheng)號(hao)(hao),成了一位充滿(man)人情味(wei)的(de)神仙(xian)(xian)(xian),受(shou)到人們的(de)喜愛。
呂洞賓乃道(dao)教全(quan)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)道(dao)創(chuang)始(shi)人王重陽(yang)之師父,道(dao)教徒奉(feng)他為(wei)全(quan)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)道(dao)五祖之一,稱(cheng)為(wei)“呂祖”。宋宣和(he)元(yuan)年(nian)(1119年(nian))徽宗(zong)皇帝(di)封他為(wei)妙道(dao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)人,元(yuan)世祖忽必烈又封他為(wei)純陽(yang)演正警(jing)化(hua)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)君。民間流傳的呂洞賓故事(shi)很(hen)多,這些故事(shi)蘊(yun)含他的道(dao)德觀(guan),比如修心(xin)、積善、改(gai)過、忠孝、誠信等,有一定(ding)的積極意義。