唐崖紅(hong)是(shi)產自(zi)湖北恩施土(tu)家族苗族自(zi)治(zhi)州的一種紅(hong)茶,唐崖紅(hong)的特點是(shi)外(wai)形細(xi)秀(xiu)緊實,色(se)澤烏潤,金毫顯(xian)露,湯色(se)橙(cheng)紅(hong)明亮,香氣鮮嫩甜(tian)香,花果香顯(xian),濃郁持久,細(xi)嫩多芽勻齊,曾榮獲(huo)第二屆(jie)中(zhong)國國際茶葉博覽會金獎。
土壤地貌情況
咸豐縣(xian)境內山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起(qi)伏,溪河遍布(bu),地(di)形地(di)貌復(fu)雜。低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)占(zhan)總(zong)面積的22.98%,二(er)(er)高山(shan)(shan)(shan)占(zhan)62.83%,高山(shan)(shan)(shan)14.19%。海拔(ba)(ba)最(zui)高1911.5米(mi),最(zui)低(di)435米(mi)。境內山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起(qi)伏,溝壑縱橫,具有典型山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)地(di)貌特征(zheng)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)類型主(zhu)要有砂質(zhi)頁巖、石英砂巖,其次是紫紅(hong)色砂質(zhi)頁巖、第四紀粘土(tu)(tu)、河流沖積物等(deng)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)分布(bu)在山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)垂(chui)直帶普表(biao)現為:海拔(ba)(ba)800米(mi)以下低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵、河谷地(di)區(qu)主(zhu)要是黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang),占(zhan)17.4%,海拔(ba)(ba)800-1500米(mi)二(er)(er)高山(shan)(shan)(shan)及(ji)高山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)區(qu),主(zhu)要是黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang),占(zhan)72.8%,海拔(ba)(ba)1500米(mi)以上高寒地(di)區(qu),主(zhu)要是棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang),占(zhan)1.3%,水稻土(tu)(tu)占(zhan)6.5%,主(zhu)要分布(bu)在低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)含微(wei)量元(yuan)素硒、鍶等(deng)。
水文情況
咸豐(feng)(feng)縣地(di)(di)域(yu)溝壑縱橫,由唐崖(ya)河(he)、藍河(he)、忠澗河(he)、曲江河(he)、野貓河(he)等(deng)五大流域(yu)構成,咸豐(feng)(feng)縣是山區水(shui)能發電大縣。工(gong)業欠發達(da),境內無大型工(gong)廠,無“三廢”排(pai)放和空氣污(wu)染(ran)(ran),也沒有重金屬污(wu)染(ran)(ran)歷(li)史(shi),根據環境監測部門(men)監測,咸豐(feng)(feng)縣境內地(di)(di)表水(shui)達(da)到國家《地(di)(di)面水(shui)環境質量(liang)標(biao)準》的Ⅱ類水(shui)質標(biao)準;水(shui)質感觀良好(hao),無色、無臭(chou)、無味、透(tou)明,pH值4.5-7.5之(zhi)間,砷(shen)≤0.05,鎘(ge)≤0.005,鉛≤0.05等(deng)有關指標(biao)符合我國和世界衛生組(zu)織(zhi)制(zhi)定的飲用水(shui)質準則(ze)。
氣候情況
咸豐(feng)(feng)縣(xian)屬亞熱(re)帶季(ji)風氣候(hou)區,四季(ji)分明,日均(jun)(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)10-15℃,晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差明顯;年均(jun)(jun)(jun)空氣相對(dui)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)76%,全(quan)縣(xian)多年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)1460mm,實測最(zui)大(da)年降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)2353.9mm(咸豐(feng)(feng)站)。雨(yu)熱(re)同期,降(jiang)水(shui)主(zhu)要集(ji)中在4-9月,占(zhan)年降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)的(de)62-88%,7-8月出現伏旱,光(guang)照、氣溫(wen)(wen)、降(jiang)水(shui)三同步。多年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)日照1062小(xiao)時,以8月最(zui)多,有(you)201小(xiao)時,二月份最(zui)少(shao)(shao),只有(you)46小(xiao)時。咸豐(feng)(feng)縣(xian)氣候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)和,雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)充沛,無霜期長但日照較少(shao)(shao)。唐崖茶生(sheng)長地(di)以砂質(zhi)頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan)、石英砂巖(yan)(yan)為主(zhu),不(bu)宜(yi)種植在石灰巖(yan)(yan)地(di)塊,有(you)助于茶葉(xie)品(pin)質(zhi)提高。咸豐(feng)(feng)縣(xian)全(quan)年空氣質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)優良天數均(jun)(jun)(jun)在330天以上(shang),生(sheng)長季(ji)節降(jiang)雨(yu)充足,生(sheng)長環境好(hao),有(you)利于茶葉(xie)的(de)綠色、有(you)機生(sheng)產。同時,土壤中富含硒元(yuan)素,且易(yi)被茶葉(xie)吸收。