唐崖紅(hong)是產(chan)自湖北恩(en)施土家族苗族自治州的一種(zhong)紅(hong)茶,唐崖紅(hong)的特(te)點是外形細秀緊實,色(se)澤烏潤,金(jin)毫(hao)顯露,湯色(se)橙紅(hong)明亮,香氣鮮嫩甜香,花果香顯,濃郁持久,細嫩多芽勻齊(qi),曾榮獲(huo)第二屆(jie)中國國際茶葉博覽(lan)會金(jin)獎(jiang)。
土壤地貌情況
咸豐縣境內(nei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起伏(fu),溪(xi)河遍布(bu),地(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)貌復雜。低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)占總面積(ji)的22.98%,二(er)高(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)占62.83%,高(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)14.19%。海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)1911.5米(mi),最低(di)435米(mi)。境內(nei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起伏(fu),溝壑(he)縱橫,具有(you)典型山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)貌特征。土(tu)壤類型主要有(you)砂(sha)質(zhi)頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan)、石(shi)英砂(sha)巖(yan)(yan),其次是紫紅色砂(sha)質(zhi)頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan)、第四紀(ji)粘(zhan)土(tu)、河流沖積(ji)物等。土(tu)壤分布(bu)在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)垂(chui)直帶普表現為(wei):海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)800米(mi)以下低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵、河谷地(di)(di)(di)區主要是黃壤,占17.4%,海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)800-1500米(mi)二(er)高(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)及高(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)區,主要是黃棕(zong)壤,占72.8%,海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1500米(mi)以上高(gao)(gao)(gao)寒(han)地(di)(di)(di)區,主要是棕(zong)壤,占1.3%,水(shui)稻土(tu)占6.5%,主要分布(bu)在(zai)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。土(tu)壤含微量元素硒、鍶等。
水文情況
咸(xian)豐(feng)縣(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)域溝壑縱橫,由唐(tang)崖(ya)河(he)(he)、藍河(he)(he)、忠澗河(he)(he)、曲江河(he)(he)、野貓河(he)(he)等(deng)五大流(liu)域構成,咸(xian)豐(feng)縣(xian)(xian)是山區水(shui)能發電(dian)大縣(xian)(xian)。工業欠發達,境內無(wu)大型(xing)工廠,無(wu)“三(san)廢(fei)”排放和空氣污(wu)(wu)染(ran),也沒(mei)有(you)重金屬污(wu)(wu)染(ran)歷史,根(gen)據環境監測(ce)部門監測(ce),咸(xian)豐(feng)縣(xian)(xian)境內地(di)(di)表水(shui)達到國家《地(di)(di)面水(shui)環境質(zhi)量標(biao)準(zhun)》的Ⅱ類水(shui)質(zhi)標(biao)準(zhun);水(shui)質(zhi)感(gan)觀良好,無(wu)色、無(wu)臭、無(wu)味、透明,pH值4.5-7.5之間,砷≤0.05,鎘≤0.005,鉛≤0.05等(deng)有(you)關指標(biao)符合我國和世界(jie)衛生組(zu)織制定的飲用水(shui)質(zhi)準(zhun)則。
氣候情況
咸豐(feng)縣屬亞熱(re)(re)帶季風氣(qi)候區,四季分明,日(ri)(ri)均(jun)溫10-15℃,晝夜溫差明顯;年均(jun)空(kong)氣(qi)相對溫度76%,全縣多年平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)水量(liang)1460mm,實測最(zui)(zui)大(da)年降(jiang)水量(liang)2353.9mm(咸豐(feng)站(zhan))。雨(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)同(tong)期(qi)(qi),降(jiang)水主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)集中在4-9月(yue),占(zhan)年降(jiang)水量(liang)的62-88%,7-8月(yue)出(chu)現(xian)伏旱,光照、氣(qi)溫、降(jiang)水三(san)同(tong)步。多年平(ping)均(jun)日(ri)(ri)照1062小(xiao)(xiao)時,以(yi)8月(yue)最(zui)(zui)多,有(you)(you)201小(xiao)(xiao)時,二月(yue)份最(zui)(zui)少(shao),只(zhi)有(you)(you)46小(xiao)(xiao)時。咸豐(feng)縣氣(qi)候溫和(he),雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛(pei),無霜期(qi)(qi)長(chang)但日(ri)(ri)照較少(shao)。唐崖茶生(sheng)長(chang)地以(yi)砂(sha)質(zhi)(zhi)頁巖(yan)(yan)、石英砂(sha)巖(yan)(yan)為主(zhu)(zhu),不宜種植(zhi)在石灰巖(yan)(yan)地塊,有(you)(you)助于茶葉品質(zhi)(zhi)提(ti)高。咸豐(feng)縣全年空(kong)氣(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)優良天數(shu)均(jun)在330天以(yi)上,生(sheng)長(chang)季節降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)充(chong)足,生(sheng)長(chang)環境好,有(you)(you)利于茶葉的綠色、有(you)(you)機生(sheng)產。同(tong)時,土壤中富含硒元素,且(qie)易被茶葉吸收。