一、紅外濾光片是什么
紅外濾光片是一種可以屏(ping)蔽紫(zi)外光(guang)(guang)、可見光(guang)(guang),僅透(tou)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)外光(guang)(guang)的(de)光(guang)(guang)學(xue)濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)。在光(guang)(guang)學(xue)領域中紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)外濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)一般是由(you)光(guang)(guang)學(xue)玻璃鍍膜、光(guang)(guang)學(xue)塑料(liao)(如PC及PMAA)或光(guang)(guang)學(xue)璃片(pian)(pian)再加(jia)入特種染料(liao)做成的(de)有(you)色玻璃濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian),上述工藝的(de)濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)只能讓(rang)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)光(guang)(guang)通(tong)過,宏觀(guan)上講(jiang)都是紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)外濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)。
紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)濾光(guang)片主要應(ying)用于安防監(jian)控(kong)領域,紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)氣(qi)體分析儀(yi),夜(ye)視產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin),紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)探測(ce)器,紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)接收機,紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)感(gan)應(ying),紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)通(tong)訊產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。具體到產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)比如:監(jian)控(kong)攝相機,遙控(kong)器,紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)幕(mu)墻產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin),紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)感(gan)應(ying)馬桶(tong)、水(shui)龍頭、洗(xi)手液裝置,紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)測(ce)溫(wen)器,紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)打印(yin)機,交互式電子(zi)白板(ban),紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)觸摸屏,指紋識別機,人臉識別系(xi)統等。
二、紅外濾光片的分類
從材(cai)料上(shang)劃分,有(you)(you)光(guang)學玻(bo)璃鍍膜的,也(ye)有(you)(you)有(you)(you)色玻(bo)璃制成(cheng)的,也(ye)有(you)(you)塑料紅(hong)外濾光(guang)片。這里所指(zhi)的是(shi)近紅(hong)外濾光(guang)片。如果(guo)涉(she)及到中遠紅(hong)外,材(cai)料還有(you)(you)Si,ZnSe,Sapphire,CaF2,石(shi)英玻(bo)璃等(deng)。
從光學特性上來劃分,有長波通型IR long pass filter和帶通型IR bandpass filter。其中(zhong)長波通型,包括以下幾種:
1、有色玻璃制作而成(cheng),通常為(wei)黑色,比(bi)如IPG-800。它(ta)將可(ke)見光吸收,允許透過紅(hong)外光。如果(guo)透過此紅(hong)外濾光片去看太陽(yang),依然可(ke)以看見一(yi)個紅(hong)紅(hong)的太陽(yang)。適合用于(yu)紅(hong)外呈(cheng)像。
2、在光學白玻璃上通(tong)過真空鍍膜制(zhi)成紅外濾(lv)光片(pian),比如IPGC-720,這種類型(xing)的(de)又叫光學冷鏡,它將可(ke)見(jian)光反(fan)射,讓紅外光透過。外觀看起來(lai)是(shi)銀色的(de),像是(shi)一面鏡子。如果是(shi)中遠(yuan)紅外的(de)濾(lv)光片(pian),要在Si,Sapphire,石英玻璃上鍍膜。
3、由特種塑料制成(cheng)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)塑料濾光(guang)片,外(wai)觀黑色,如果(guo)透(tou)過此紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)濾光(guang)片去看太陽(yang),也可以(yi)看見(jian)一個紅(hong)(hong)紅(hong)(hong)的(de)太陽(yang)。這種塑料的(de)材料可以(yi)是PC也可以(yi)是PMMA。
再說帶通型,帶通濾光片都(dou)是由真(zhen)空鍍(du)膜(mo)而成。對于近(jin)紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)的(de)帶(dai)通來說,是在白玻璃上鍍(du)膜(mo)。如(ru)果是中(zhong)遠紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai),則會(hui)在Sapphire上鍍(du)膜(mo)。其中(zhong)近(jin)紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)的(de)帶(dai)通濾光片(pian)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)光源主(zhu)要是紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)IR LED和(he)紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)激光,所(suo)以(yi)主(zhu)要波(bo)長(chang)有808nm,850nm,905nm,940nm,1064nm,也有不常用的(de)780nm。所(suo)以(yi)常用的(de)近(jin)紅(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)濾光片(pian)的(de)波(bo)長(chang)主(zhu)要就是這些。相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)型號有BPF-850,NBF-808,BPF-940。