一、紅外濾光片是什么

紅外濾光片是一(yi)種可以屏蔽(bi)紫(zi)外光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)、可見光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)，僅透紅(hong)(hong)外光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)濾光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)。在光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)領域中(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)外濾光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)一(yi)般是由(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)玻(bo)璃鍍膜、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)塑料(liao)（如(ru)PC及PMAA）或光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)璃片(pian)(pian)(pian)再加入特種染料(liao)做成的(de)有色玻(bo)璃濾光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)，上述工藝的(de)濾光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)只能讓紅(hong)(hong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)通過，宏觀上講(jiang)都是紅(hong)(hong)外濾光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)。

紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)濾光片(pian)主要應(ying)用于安(an)防(fang)監(jian)控(kong)領域，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)氣體(ti)(ti)分(fen)析儀(yi)，夜視產(chan)品(pin)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)探測器(qi)(qi)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)接收機(ji)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)感(gan)應(ying)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)通訊產(chan)品(pin)。具體(ti)(ti)到(dao)產(chan)品(pin)比如：監(jian)控(kong)攝相(xiang)機(ji)，遙控(kong)器(qi)(qi)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)幕(mu)墻(qiang)產(chan)品(pin)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)感(gan)應(ying)馬桶、水龍(long)頭、洗手液裝置(zhi)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)測溫器(qi)(qi)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)打印機(ji)，交(jiao)互式(shi)電子白板，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)觸摸(mo)屏，指(zhi)紋識別(bie)機(ji)，人臉識別(bie)系統等。

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二、紅外濾光片的分類

從材料上劃分，有(you)光(guang)學玻(bo)璃(li)鍍膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)有(you)有(you)色玻(bo)璃(li)制成的(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)有(you)塑料紅(hong)外濾(lv)(lv)光(guang)片。這里所指(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)近紅(hong)外濾(lv)(lv)光(guang)片。如(ru)果涉及到(dao)中遠紅(hong)外，材料還有(you)Si，ZnSe，Sapphire，CaF2，石英玻(bo)璃(li)等。

從光學特性上來劃分，有長波通型IR long pass filter和帶通型IR bandpass filter。其中長(chang)波通型，包括以下(xia)幾種：

1、有(you)色(se)玻璃制作而成，通常為黑色(se)，比如IPG-800。它將可(ke)見(jian)光吸收，允許透過紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)光。如果透過此紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)濾光片去看太陽，依然(ran)可(ke)以看見(jian)一個紅(hong)(hong)(hong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)的(de)太陽。適合用于紅(hong)(hong)(hong)外(wai)呈(cheng)像。

2、在(zai)光(guang)(guang)學(xue)白玻璃上(shang)(shang)通過(guo)真空(kong)鍍膜制成紅外濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)，比如IPGC-720，這(zhe)種(zhong)類型的又叫光(guang)(guang)學(xue)冷(leng)鏡，它將可見光(guang)(guang)反(fan)射，讓紅外光(guang)(guang)透(tou)過(guo)。外觀看起來是(shi)銀色的，像是(shi)一(yi)面鏡子。如果是(shi)中遠紅外的濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)，要(yao)在(zai)Si，Sapphire，石英玻璃上(shang)(shang)鍍膜。

3、由(you)特種塑料(liao)制成的紅外(wai)(wai)塑料(liao)濾光片，外(wai)(wai)觀(guan)黑色(se)，如(ru)果透過此紅外(wai)(wai)濾光片去看太(tai)陽，也可以(yi)(yi)看見(jian)一個紅紅的太(tai)陽。這種塑料(liao)的材料(liao)可以(yi)(yi)是PC也可以(yi)(yi)是PMMA。

再說帶通型，帶通濾光片都是由真空鍍(du)(du)膜而成。對于近紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)的(de)帶通來(lai)說(shuo)，是在(zai)白玻璃(li)上(shang)鍍(du)(du)膜。如(ru)果(guo)是中(zhong)(zhong)遠紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)，則(ze)會(hui)在(zai)Sapphire上(shang)鍍(du)(du)膜。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)近紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)的(de)帶通濾光片相應的(de)光源主要是紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)IR LED和紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)激光，所以主要波長有(you)(you)808nm，850nm，905nm，940nm，1064nm，也有(you)(you)不(bu)常用的(de)780nm。所以常用的(de)近紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)濾光片的(de)波長主要就是這些。相應的(de)型號有(you)(you)BPF-850，NBF-808，BPF-940。