一.產品介紹
得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)大(da)(da)櫻(ying)桃栽培歷(li)史悠久,得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)地(di)區(qu)典型(xing)的(de)地(di)理(li)地(di)貌特征、獨特的(de)氣候條件、優越的(de)產(chan)地(di)環(huan)境以及特定的(de)生產(chan)方式造就了得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)大(da)(da)櫻(ying)桃獨特的(de)優良典型(xing)品質(zhi)。瓦房店市政府高度重視得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)地(di)區(qu)大(da)(da)櫻(ying)桃的(de)產(chan)業發展(zhan),出臺各種扶持(chi)政策,加大(da)(da)人力物力投入。目前得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)地(di)區(qu)大(da)(da)櫻(ying)桃生產(chan)面(mian)積已達到3.5萬畝,產(chan)量3.2萬噸,成(cheng)為當(dang)地(di)農民致富的(de)主(zhu)導產(chan)業,得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)鎮更是成(cheng)為首個以鄉(xiang)鎮名(ming)義申(shen)請到“2018年中國(guo)櫻(ying)桃年會”承辦權的(de)單位。
對優質、特(te)色的農(nong)產品(pin)(pin)進(jin)行地(di)理標志保護,對于培(pei)育地(di)方(fang)主(zhu)導(dao)產業,形成地(di)方(fang)特(te)色農(nong)產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)牌有重要作用。下一步我市(shi)將全面整合優勢資(zi)源,以(yi)推進(jin)農(nong)業供給(gei)側結構性改革為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)線(xian),以(yi)市(shi)場需(xu)求為(wei)(wei)導(dao)向,以(yi)提高產品(pin)(pin)質量為(wei)(wei)中心,充分挖掘產業特(te)色,重點(dian)打造(zao)以(yi)地(di)理標志農(nong)產品(pin)(pin)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體的區域公共品(pin)(pin)牌,進(jin)一步促進(jin)我市(shi)大櫻桃產業的發展。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(一(yi)(yi))土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang) 得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)位(wei)于瓦房店市北(bei)部,地(di)(di)理坐標為(wei)(wei)(wei)西起東(dong)經121°57′, 東(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)122°07′;南起北(bei)緯(wei)39°43′北(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)39°49′,東(dong)與普蘭店市四平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鄰(lin),西南靠太陽街(jie)道(dao)(dao),南鄰(lin)祝華街(jie)道(dao)(dao)。其(qi)(qi)地(di)(di)貌(mao)特征可概括為(wei)(wei)(wei)“六山(shan)一(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)三分田”。得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)呈低山(shan)丘(qiu)陵貌(mao),低山(shan)丘(qiu)陵面積占60%以(yi)上(shang),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)風(feng)化葉巖形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棕(zong)壤(rang),這(zhe)類土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)豐富,磷(lin)、鉀含(han)量(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao),同時(shi)(shi)富含(han)鈣、鎂、硒、鋅、鐵等微量(liang)元素(su)(su),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)容重(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)1.2—1.5之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)適中(zhong),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)透氣(qi)(qi)性(xing)好,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)肥力(li)強(qiang),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)PH值在(zai)(zai)(zai)6.5-7.0之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),屬中(zhong)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)。蓋亮線(xian)、許蔡線(xian)公(gong)路(lu)穿鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)而(er)過(guo),交通便利(li)(li)(li),因此不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅特別(bie)(bie)適宜大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)發(fa)育(yu),是(shi)中(zhong)國遼東(dong)半島露(lu)地(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種植的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨(lin)界點。 得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚選址科(ke)學(xue),白天和夜(ye)晚(wan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差相對(dui)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da),基地(di)(di)建設(she)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅背風(feng)向陽,風(feng)力(li)相對(dui)平(ping)穩,而(er)且(qie)(qie)光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)好,為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)栽培(pei)(pei)提供了有(you)(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)條件(jian)和有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天然屏障保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護。 (二(er))氣(qi)(qi)候情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang) 大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)喜光(guang)(guang)性(xing)樹種,對(dui)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)、濕(shi)度(du)(du)、光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)和溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)條件(jian)要求較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。適宜栽培(pei)(pei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei):年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)9℃-14℃之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)≤1000mm,年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)≥2400 h,無(wu)霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)≥160d,PH值在(zai)(zai)(zai)6.0-7.5之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),極(ji)端最(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)-20℃,0℃-7.2℃需(xu)(xu)冷(leng)量(liang)600h-1400h。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)從(cong)萌芽到收獲時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)90d至(zhi)(zhi)100d。這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)要求是(shi)適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)、光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)和濕(shi)度(du)(du)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)過(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)或過(guo)低、光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)太強(qiang)和濕(shi)度(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠都(dou)(dou)對(dui)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)和產量(liang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)著重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。 得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)處(chu)北(bei)緯(wei)39°43′—39°49′,屬北(bei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帶季風(feng)性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),年(nian)(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)10.2℃,最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)34.4℃,最(zui)低-18.3℃。年(nian)(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)500 mm—700mm,無(wu)霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)200 d -243 d,光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),全年(nian)(nian)達到2500 h -2700 h。 瓦房店市得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)屬北(bei)方長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)日(ri)照(zhao)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)2500 h -2700 h,日(ri)平(ping)均(jun)6.85 h—7.40 h,日(ri)照(zhao)百分率(lv)59%,無(wu)霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)200 h -243 h,年(nian)(nian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(10℃以(yi)上(shang))共計2900℃-4200℃。0℃-7.2℃需(xu)(xu)冷(leng)量(liang)1000h-1300h。 根(gen)據大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)內(nei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求,得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)座果期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)白天18℃-20℃,夜(ye)晚(wan)最(zui)低6℃-10℃;成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)白天24℃-30℃,晚(wan)上(shang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)13℃-18℃,而(er)從(cong)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)所處(chu)經緯(wei)度(du)(du)范圍內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)變(bian)化看,其(qi)(qi)晝夜(ye)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差在(zai)(zai)(zai)10℃以(yi)上(shang),非常有(you)(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)與營養積累。 大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)對(dui)濕(shi)度(du)(du)也有(you)(you)(you)(you)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)屬于北(bei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帶季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),在(zai)(zai)(zai)4月上(shang)旬(xun)至(zhi)(zhi)5月上(shang)旬(xun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)花(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian),得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)相對(dui)濕(shi)度(du)(du)范圍為(wei)(wei)(wei)49%—59%;在(zai)(zai)(zai)6月至(zhi)(zhi)7月上(shang)旬(xun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian),得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)相對(dui)濕(shi)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)67%—76%。得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)度(du)(du)變(bian)化條件(jian)極(ji)其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)發(fa)育(yu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易出(chu)(chu)現(xian)裂果等現(xian)象,有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減少了大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)害(hai),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證了大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良(liang)(liang)好口感。另(ling)外,到目前為(wei)(wei)(wei)止,得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)森林覆蓋率(lv)高(gao)(gao)(gao)達70%,并地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)范圍內(nei)沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)空氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)源(yuan),空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)良(liang)(liang)好,有(you)(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)階段(duan)(duan)光(guang)(guang)合(he)作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順利(li)(li)(li)進(jin)行(xing),為(wei)(wei)(wei)確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)優(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)起到了重(zhong)(zhong)要作用(yong)。 (三)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang) 大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)是(shi)薔薇(wei)科(ke)薔薇(wei)屬,其(qi)(qi)根(gen)系(xi)(xi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)對(dui)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分有(you)(you)(you)(you)著較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求,既(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)抗(kang)(kang)澇(lao),也不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)抗(kang)(kang)旱(han)。 瓦房店市得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)十(shi)分豐富。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)連地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)第二(er)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)河流(liu)(liu)復州河流(liu)(liu)經得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)域(yu)內(nei)河流(liu)(liu)全長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)12.8公(gong)里,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)主要支流(liu)(liu)共有(you)(you)(you)(you)3條,分別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)龍潭河長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)8公(gong)里,盧屯河長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)9.8公(gong)里,崔屯河得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)段(duan)(duan)全長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4.8公(gong)里。 得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)但河流(liu)(liu)多(duo),而(er)且(qie)(qie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)。得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)現(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)方塘22個、塘壩2個、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)口井15個,小(xiao)二(er)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)1個。得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)完(wan)全符合(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)及(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求,得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)丘(qiu)陵,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證澇(lao)天水(shui)(shui)(shui)能及(ji)時(shi)(shi)排除。 得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)之(zhi)所以(yi)始(shi)終保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持清潔衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)狀態(tai),是(shi)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)政府在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護中(zhong)結合(he)上(shang)級(ji)相關規(gui)定制定了一(yi)(yi)系(xi)(xi)列嚴格水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理措施。主要河流(liu)(liu)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)設(she)有(you)(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)測站。境內(nei)無(wu)任(ren)何(he)污染(ran)源(yuan),所有(you)(you)(you)(you)食品(pin)加工企業在(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)都(dou)(dou)增(zeng)設(she)了污水(shui)(shui)(shui)凈化處(chu)理設(she)備(bei),達不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到國家規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排放標準一(yi)(yi)律停止生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產,從(cong)而(er)確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)了人們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)健康安(an)全飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)和作物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全灌溉(gai)。 從(cong)上(shang)述(shu)分析中(zhong)可以(yi)明顯看出(chu)(chu),得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)但水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)(you)良(liang)(liang),無(wu)污染(ran),而(er)且(qie)(qie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)害(hai)重(zhong)(zhong)金屬含(han)量(liang)極(ji)少。水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)富含(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)礦物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和微量(liang)元素(su)(su),有(you)(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)營養物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉化和合(he)成(cheng)(cheng),從(cong)而(er)促(cu)進(jin)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)獨(du)特品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)。
三.地域范圍
根據《農產品地(di)理標志登記產品生(sheng)產地(di)域(yu)分布圖繪制(zhi)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)》及(ji)得(de)(de)利(li)寺大櫻(ying)桃獨特品質形成的產地(di)環境,適(shi)宜得(de)(de)利(li)寺大櫻(ying)桃栽(zai)培區域(yu)主要(yao)地(di)處(chu)在南起(qi)北(bei)(bei)緯39°43′,北(bei)(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)39°49′,西起(qi)東(dong)經121°57′,東(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)122°07′的范(fan)(fan)圍之內。其(qi)界定的邊界為東(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)瓦窩鎮(zhen)陳店(dian)(dian)村(cun),西至(zhi)(zhi)太陽街(jie)道(dao)榆樹房村(cun),南至(zhi)(zhi)瓦窩鎮(zhen)王(wang)家社區,北(bei)(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)趙(zhao)屯鄉鄭(zheng)屯村(cun)。具體界定的鄉(鎮(zhen)、街(jie)道(dao))、村(cun)為: 得(de)(de)利(li)寺鎮(zhen):得(de)(de)利(li)寺、龍(long)潭、崔屯、小屯、蔡房身、盧屯、西里(li)屯村(cun) 松樹鎮(zhen):東(dong)半(ban)拉山、莊(zhuang)口村(cun) 瓦窩鎮(zhen):王(wang)家社區,后砬、陳店(dian)(dian)、瓦窩、田屯村(cun) 太陽街(jie)道(dao):榆樹房、王(wang)店(dian)(dian)村(cun) 趙(zhao)屯鄉:東(dong)西溝(gou)(gou)、衛溝(gou)(gou)、郭店(dian)(dian)、河洼、鄭(zheng)屯村(cun) 祝華辦事處(chu):八里(li)村(cun)
四.產品品質特性特征
典(dian)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地理地貌特(te)征、獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候條件和(he)優(you)越(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境(jing),形(xing)成了(le)得(de)利(li)寺大櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)良典(dian)型(xing)(xing)品(pin)質(zhi)。 (一)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)征 得(de)利(li)寺大櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)實發育期長(chang),果(guo)(guo)實發育充分(fen),肉(rou)厚汁(zhi)多(duo),果(guo)(guo)個(ge)大、硬度高,風味(wei)純正,成熟期晚。 1、外觀(guan)品(pin)質(zhi) (1)果(guo)(guo)型(xing)(xing) 佳(jia)紅(hong):果(guo)(guo)實圓(yuan)心臟型(xing)(xing),果(guo)(guo)頂(ding)圓(yuan)平(ping); 美(mei)早:果(guo)(guo)實寬心臟型(xing)(xing),果(guo)(guo)頂(ding)平(ping),縫合線(xian)明顯; 砂蜜豆(dou):果(guo)(guo)實長(chang)心臟型(xing)(xing),果(guo)(guo)頂(ding)尖; (2)顏色(se)(se) 佳(jia)紅(hong):果(guo)(guo)實淺黃色(se)(se),陽面有鮮紅(hong)色(se)(se)瑕和(he)紅(hong)色(se)(se)斑(ban)點(dian),表(biao)皮光亮,晶瑩剔透; 美(mei)早:果(guo)(guo)實深(shen)紫色(se)(se),果(guo)(guo)皮薄(bo)有韌性(xing)(xing); 砂蜜豆(dou):果(guo)(guo)實深(shen)紅(hong)色(se)(se),光澤(ze)艷麗 ; (3)氣味(wei) 均有怡人的(de)(de)(de)(de)清香味(wei); (4)口(kou)感(gan) 佳(jia)紅(hong):甘(gan)甜(tian),果(guo)(guo)肉(rou)肥(fei)厚多(duo)汁(zhi),肉(rou)質(zhi)較脆; 美(mei)早:甜(tian)蜜,果(guo)(guo)肉(rou)硬脆; 砂蜜豆(dou):酸甜(tian)可(ke)口(kou),果(guo)(guo)肉(rou)多(duo)汁(zhi); 2、內在品(pin)質(zhi) (1)可(ke)溶性(xing)(xing)固(gu)形(xing)物:≥15%; (2)總酸:3.0g/kg—6.2g/kg; (3)維生素C:3.40㎎/100g—8.67㎎/100g; (4)鐵(tie):0.28㎎/kg—9.90㎎/kg; (5)可(ke)溶性(xing)(xing)糖:10.29%—14.56%; (6)硒:3.56×10-4㎎/kg—1.40×10-3㎎/kg; (7)硬度:2.0kg/cm2—2.9kg/cm2; (二)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全規定 為了(le)確(que)保得(de)利(li)寺大櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)安全,在得(de)利(li)寺大櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong),其產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境(jing)全部按照農辦質(zhi)【2013】17號(hao)文標準(zhun)要(yao)求。得(de)利(li)寺鎮大櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)在生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營中(zhong),不斷健(jian)全完善(shan)了(le)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記錄和(he)追(zhui)溯制度及客戶投訴處理系(xi)統建(jian)設。不論在哪一個(ge)環(huan)節出現(xian)問(wen)題,均能查到(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)環(huan)節上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)當時(shi)操作人和(he)負責人,以其優(you)質(zhi)安全的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)服務承諾贏得(de)市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)信任及客戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)認可(ke)。
五.特定生產方式
特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)理(li)氣(qi)候(hou)條件和(he)自(zi)然環境(jing)及(ji)(ji)特(te)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)方式(shi),是得利(li)寺大(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)獨(du)特(te)品(pin)質(zhi)形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵性(xing)因素。 (一)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze) 選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)遠(yuan)離居民生(sheng)(sheng)活區(qu)和(he)公路干線的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)區(qu),周圍(wei)無任何化工(gong)廠和(he)大(da)(da)型畜牧場(chang),空氣(qi)清新,灌(guan)(guan)溉用(yong)水充足(zu),土(tu)壤肥(fei)沃,有(you)機質(zhi)含量(liang)高,產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環境(jing)良(liang)好,無任何污(wu)染。 (二)品(pin)種(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze) 結合(he)(he)得利(li)寺地(di)(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)特(te)點,露地(di)(di)大(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)多選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)中、晚熟,大(da)(da)果(guo)(guo)型、硬度(du)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong),方便遠(yuan)程運輸,如(ru)美早、砂蜜豆、佳(jia)紅等(deng)優(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)。保(bao)護地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)美早、佳(jia)紅等(deng)早、中熟大(da)(da)果(guo)(guo)型品(pin)種(zhong)。 (三)土(tu)肥(fei)水管理(li) 1 土(tu)壤改(gai)良(liang) 得利(li)寺大(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)臺(tai)式(shi)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)。要(yao)求結合(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)深(shen)翻進(jin)(jin)行(xing)土(tu)壤熟化。有(you)機質(zhi)不足(zu),要(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)補充,補充數(shu)量(liang)要(yao)根據(ju)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)管理(li)水平(ping)和(he)計劃產(chan)(chan)量(liang)目標(biao)(biao)確定(ding)(ding),PH值不達標(biao)(biao)時(shi)(shi),及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)調(diao)節(jie)。 2 中耕(geng) 在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)長季節(jie)要(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)樹(shu)盤中耕(geng)除草,以(yi)保(bao)持表層土(tu)疏松,減少水分(fen)蒸發和(he)病蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)滋生(sheng)(sheng)。 3 施(shi)(shi)肥(fei) 得利(li)寺大(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)主(zhu)要(yao)以(yi)農家(jia)肥(fei)為(wei)主(zhu),較少使用(yong)化肥(fei)。早秋施(shi)(shi)有(you)機肥(fei),每年8月下旬(xun)至9月上(shang)旬(xun)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)環狀溝施(shi)(shi)法,溝深(shen)30厘米,株施(shi)(shi)農家(jia)肥(fei)、有(you)機肥(fei)、土(tu)雜(za)肥(fei)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)餅(bing)肥(fei)等(deng)肥(fei)料,施(shi)(shi)入后與土(tu)拌均,培(pei)土(tu)摟平(ping),然后灌(guan)(guan)水沉(chen)實。嚴(yan)禁使用(yong)無機化肥(fei)和(he)未經(jing)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)市、醫(yi)院、工(gong)礦垃圾及(ji)(ji)未經(jing)腐熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)人畜糞尿。 4 水分(fen)管理(li) 最好采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)滴灌(guan)(guan),以(yi)保(bao)證平(ping)衡(heng)促進(jin)(jin)。在(zai)(zai)臺(tai)式(shi)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang),做(zuo)好排水工(gong)作,防(fang)(fang)止積水過澇造(zao)成死樹(shu)或(huo)爛根。 (四)病蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)治 1 落葉或(huo)修剪后及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)清掃果(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)面(mian),將落葉和(he)枯枝(zhi)帶出(chu)園(yuan)(yuan)外(wai)燒毀(hui)。 2采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)物理(li)方法防(fang)(fang)治(頻振式(shi)殺蟲(chong)(chong)燈防(fang)(fang)治鱗翅目害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)、鞘翅目害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong);防(fang)(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)網、黃板防(fang)(fang)治蚜蟲(chong)(chong)、梨小食(shi)(shi)心(xin)蟲(chong)(chong)、梨木虱害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)等(deng))和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治技術(性(xing)誘劑誘殺蘋(pin)果(guo)(guo)小卷(juan)(juan)葉蛾、梨小食(shi)(shi)心(xin)蟲(chong)(chong);赤眼蜂防(fang)(fang)治卷(juan)(juan)葉蛾、捕(bu)食(shi)(shi)螨(man)(man)防(fang)(fang)治紅蜘蛛、二斑(ban)葉螨(man)(man)等(deng))。 3櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)萌芽前噴1次(ci)3-5°Be石(shi)硫合(he)(he)劑,防(fang)(fang)治細菌性(xing)病害(hai)(hai)和(he)介殼(ke)蟲(chong)(chong)等(deng)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)后噴施(shi)(shi)兩次(ci)1:2:200倍波(bo)爾多液(ye)防(fang)(fang)治葉斑(ban)病;采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)后還易發生(sheng)(sheng)葉螨(man)(man),噴1.8%阿(a)維菌素2000-3000倍。 (五(wu))收(shou)(shou)獲 堅持適(shi)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou),采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)后,剔出(chu)果(guo)(guo)面(mian)有(you)刺(ci)傷、污(wu)斑(ban)、裂果(guo)(guo)和(he)有(you)畸形及(ji)(ji)無果(guo)(guo)梗的(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)品(pin),將果(guo)(guo)實分(fen)級(ji)包裝。分(fen)級(ji)標(biao)(biao)準為(wei):12g及(ji)(ji)以(yi)上(shang)為(wei)特(te)等(deng)果(guo)(guo),10-12g為(wei)一級(ji)果(guo)(guo),8-10g為(wei)二級(ji)果(guo)(guo),5-8g為(wei)三級(ji)果(guo)(guo)。得利(li)寺地(di)(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)和(he)自(zi)然條件,非常適(shi)宜(yi)大(da)(da)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設施(shi)(shi)和(he)露地(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei),不僅采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)期長,穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)了市場(chang)供(gong)應,而且品(pin)質(zhi)優(you)良(liang),風(feng)味獨(du)特(te),深(shen)受消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)歡迎。