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一.產品介紹

產于鄧李鄉馬灣(wan)村。其主要(yao)特(te)(te)色是：入(ru)口(kou)甘(gan)爽，色澤(ze)鮮亮(liang)，白里透紅，含糖量高，營養豐富，離(li)核，種植面積大，歷史悠久(jiu)，曾(ceng)遠(yuan)(yuan)銷前(qian)蘇聯、香(xiang)港(gang)等地，遠(yuan)(yuan)近聞名(ming)。屬產地特(te)(te)色類。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

2.1土(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang) “馬(ma)灣白桃”產地(di)(di)為(wei)沙(sha)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)沖積平(ping)原，地(di)(di)形北部高，中(zhong)部和東南緩(huan)低，沃野坦蕩。境(jing)內土(tu)壤為(wei)黃潮土(tu)、結構疏(shu)松，透(tou)氣(qi)性好，水(shui)(shui)質甘甜，有(you)(you)機質含(han)量(liang)1.224%，全氮0.068%，速效(xiao)磷8ppm，速效(xiao)氮67 ppm,速效(xiao)鉀81 ppm，pH 6.77～7.35。 2.2水(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況(kuang) 境(jing)內有(you)(you)本縣最大(da)(da)(da)的河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)沙(sha)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)穿境(jing)而過，沙(sha)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)以南與大(da)(da)(da)麥河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)在鄧李鄉境(jing)內匯入沙(sha)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、源于鄧李鄉鄧李村北的北大(da)(da)(da)溝在沙(sha)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)出縣境(jing)口處注(zhu)入沙(sha)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)。三條河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)最大(da)(da)(da)徑流(liu)量(liang)23.85億m3。地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)由自(zi)然降水(shui)(shui)，自(zi)流(liu)灌(guan)溉(gai)回(hui)(hui)歸水(shui)(shui)，河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)側滲等(deng)組成，可利用水(shui)(shui)資源總量(liang)接近950萬m2。 2.3氣(qi)候情況(kuang) 葉縣屬暖溫帶大(da)(da)(da)陸季風氣(qi)候，四(si)季分明、春季溫暖，風多(duo)雨(yu)少，氣(qi)溫回(hui)(hui)升快；夏(xia)季炎熱，雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)集中(zhong)；秋季涼(liang)爽，秋雨(yu)綿(mian)綿(mian)，氣(qi)溫日(ri)(ri)差較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)。年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫14.8度，年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)804.8毫米。境(jing)內多(duo)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數1991.1小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)率是45%，年(nian)(nian)最多(duo)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)數為(wei)2193.5小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，最少日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數為(wei)1702.7小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。區域(yu)光照(zhao)(zhao)充足，年(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜期216天。

三.地域范圍

“馬(ma)灣白桃(tao)”分布在葉縣(xian)鄧李(li)鄉(xiang)和洪莊楊鄉(xiang)境(jing)內境(jing)內沙河(he)兩岸的(de)馬(ma)灣、灣李(li)、、妝頭等16個行政村。位于東經113°28′56″～113°34′18″ ，北緯 33°43′32″～33°41′32″，東西長25公(gong)里(li)，南北寬12公(gong)里(li)。 適宜(yi)種植面積3.2萬畝(mu)，年產量6.4萬噸(dun)左(zuo)右。

四.產品品質特性特征

4.1 外在感官特征 馬灣(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)的主要特色(se)是：個(ge)大鮮亮，白(bai)里透(tou)紅，核(he)肉分離，汁多爽口，肉軟味甜。 4.2 內在品(pin)質指標 經農業(ye)部農產品(pin)質量監(jian)督檢驗(yan)(yan)測試中(zhong)心（鄭州）檢驗(yan)(yan)，“馬灣(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)”可(ke)溶性固(gu)形物含量為(wei)12%～14 %，鐵含量6.4～7.6/100g，鉀含量131～178/100g。

五.特定生產方式

3.1 園(yuan)地(di)(di)的(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇 園(yuan)地(di)(di)應(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)擇“馬灣(wan)(wan)白桃(tao)(tao)(tao)”產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)范圍(wei)內(nei)的(de)沙(sha)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)， pH值7.0左右(you)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽分(fen)(fen)(fen)含(han)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)高于1％，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)有(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)≥10g/kg，排灌(guan)(guan)便利，交通(tong)(tong)方(fang)(fang)便，沒(mei)有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)核果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)類果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)地(di)(di)塊。產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環境符(fu)(fu)合(he)NY/T 391的(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。 3.2品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇 以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)傳(chuan)統的(de)“馬灣(wan)(wan)白桃(tao)(tao)(tao)”品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)大白桃(tao)(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，適(shi)當引進(jin)(jin)沙(sha)子(zi)早生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3大坑定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重施(shi)有(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) “馬灣(wan)(wan)白桃(tao)(tao)(tao)”種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)按寬、深(shen)(shen)(shen)各0.8m—1m開(kai)(kai)挖(wa)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑（溝），并(bing)(bing)將挖(wa)出的(de)熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（底土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）分(fen)(fen)(fen)開(kai)(kai)堆放(fang)。回填時(shi)將熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)與腐(fu)熟(shu)(shu)的(de)農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)25kg左右(you)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)畝2000kg—3000kg）充分(fen)(fen)(fen)混合(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)填入定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑（溝）的(de)下(xia)層，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)填上(shang)層。 3.4 適(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)密(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) “馬灣(wan)(wan)白桃(tao)(tao)(tao)”定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)年春季(ji)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，對(dui)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)木根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)用(yong)(yong)1%硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)銅溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)浸5min后(hou)(hou)(hou)再(zai)放(fang)到2%石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)浸2min進(jin)(jin)行(xing)消毒。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)三封兩踩一(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)澆水的(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)木根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)舒展，苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)木扶正(zheng)、嫁接(jie)口(kou)朝(chao)向西北迎風(feng)(feng)方(fang)(fang)向，根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)周圍(wei)填熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)(shen)(shen)度(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)澆水沉實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)木根(gen)(gen)(gen)莖與地(di)(di)表相平。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)度(du)根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)而定(ding)(ding)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)開(kai)(kai)心(xin)形(xing)(xing)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei) 4×3米(mi) ，每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)畝55株，Y字形(xing)(xing)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3×2米(mi) ，每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)畝 110株，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)型整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2×1米(mi)，每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)畝330株。 3.5深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)改(gai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，提(ti)升(sheng)地(di)(di)力(li) 每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)年秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)結合(he)秋(qiu)(qiu)施(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)改(gai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。擴穴(xue)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)（溝）外(wai)挖(wa)環狀溝或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)平行(xing)溝，溝寬30-50cm，深(shen)(shen)(shen)30cm～45cm全(quan)(quan)(quan)園(yuan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)應(ying)將栽植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)外(wai)的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)度(du)30cm～40cm，耕翻(fan)(fan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)耙平。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)回填時(shi)混入有(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)灌(guan)(guan)水。 3.6果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)，改(gai)善(shan)環境 提(ti)倡(chang)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)園(yuan)行(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，改(gai)善(shan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境。選(xuan)(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)類應(ying)是(shi)與桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)無(wu)共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)的(de)豆科(ke)綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作物(wu)(wu)等(deng)，并(bing)(bing)適(shi)時(shi)刈割翻(fan)(fan)埋于土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)覆蓋(gai)(gai)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)盤(pan)。 3.7肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 3.7.1施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 3.7.1.1 施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原則(ze)(ze) 肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)種(zhong)(zhong)類要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)輔，保(bao)持和(he)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。提(ti)倡(chang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)和(he)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)片的(de)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析進(jin)(jin)行(xing)配方(fang)(fang)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)平衡施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)應(ying)符(fu)(fu)合(he)《NYT394綠(lv)色(se)(se)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)_肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)(ze)》的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu) 。 3.7.1.2 施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)和(he)數量(liang)(liang) 基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于九月(yue)份(fen)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)外(wai)圍(wei)新梢(shao)(shao)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)緩慢生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)停止生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)時(shi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)施(shi)入。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667m2施(shi)優質(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)3000kg～4000kg。幼(you)(you)齡樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)育(yu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)氮磷肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)育(yu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)磷鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2次(ci)(ci)～3次(ci)(ci)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)多追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)少(shao)(shao)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)別于萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667m2追施(shi)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鉀復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（15—15—15）50kg；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膨大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667m 2追施(shi)磷酸(suan)二(er)氫鉀40kg，最后(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)須在(zai)(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)。每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)年根(gen)(gen)(gen)外(wai)噴(pen)施(shi)光(guang)(guang)合(he)微肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、磷酸(suan)二(er)氫鉀5～6次(ci)(ci)。距果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d內(nei)停止葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面(mian)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 3.7.2水分(fen)(fen)(fen)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，幼(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)膨大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)封凍前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，澆水三次(ci)(ci)。其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)節如土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)干(gan)(gan)旱或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)次(ci)(ci)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)水分(fen)(fen)(fen)不(bu)足時(shi)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)灌(guan)(guan)水。開(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉色(se)(se)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)控制(zhi)灌(guan)(guan)水要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)灌(guan)(guan)溉水無(wu)污染，水質(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)符(fu)(fu)合(he)NY/T 391中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4.2規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。 3.8整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪 3.8.1主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing) 3.8.1.1自然開(kai)(kai)心(xin)形(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)高50cm-60cm，選(xuan)(xuan)留3個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)上(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)錯落(luo)(luo)有(you)(you)致(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)向不(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)正(zheng)南(nan)；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)40o～70o；每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配置2個(ge)(ge)～3個(ge)(ge)側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。呈順向排列，側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)張角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)70o左右(you)。 3.8.1.2 Y字形(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)高40cm～50cm，選(xuan)(xuan)留2個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)60o～90o，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)直接(jie)培養(yang)(yang)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。 3.8.1.3 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)型 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)高170-200cm，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)基部60cm以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)(ge)，不(bu)留側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。 3.9花(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 3.9.1保(bao)花(hua)(hua)保(bao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 盛花(hua)(hua)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，噴(pen)施(shi)0.3%磷酸(suan)二(er)氫鉀＋0.3%硼（酸(suan)）砂＋0.3%白糖混合(he)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)愛多收(shou)(shou)(shou)、坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)靈(ling)等(deng)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；也可(ke)(ke)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡放(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)箱蜜蜂或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)50頭－100頭角(jiao)(jiao)額(e)壁(bi)蜂進(jin)(jin)行(xing)授粉(fen)(fen)；從(cong)(cong)初花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)于上(shang)午(wu)9－10時(shi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)電動采(cai)(cai)粉(fen)(fen)授粉(fen)(fen)器或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)人工點授等(deng)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)人工授粉(fen)(fen)。 3.9.2 疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 3.9.2.1 原則(ze)(ze) 根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、自然條(tiao)件、經(jing)營(ying)定(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)定(ding)(ding)向等(deng)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪、疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)措施(shi)調(diao)節產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2000kg－2500kg。 3.9.2.2 時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa) 于花(hua)(hua)芽(ya)膨大至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)(hua)蕾開(kai)(kai)綻前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，疏(shu)除過(guo)(guo)多、瘦小、畸(ji)形(xing)(xing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)梢(shao)(shao)端弱質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)花(hua)(hua)芽(ya)與花(hua)(hua)蕾。疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)2次(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)：第一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)落(luo)(luo)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)2周，疏(shu)去(qu)小果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸(ji)形(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、并(bing)(bing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)多過(guo)(guo)密(mi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；第二(er)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)落(luo)(luo)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)3周－4周第一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)(li)(li)落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)定(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，首(shou)先疏(shu)去(qu)朝(chao)天(tian)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，無(wu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)的(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。選(xuan)(xuan)留果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兩側，向下(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)的(de)健(jian)壯好果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)長(chang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留3個(ge)(ge)－4個(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)間(jian)(jian)(jian)距15cm－20cm），中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2個(ge)(ge)－3個(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，短(duan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)花(hua)(hua)束(shu)狀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)不(bu)留果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。 3.9.3果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)套(tao)袋(dai) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)定(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)。套(tao)袋(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)噴(pen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)殺(sha)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)，待果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面(mian)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)涼(liang)干(gan)(gan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)袋(dai)應(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強，抗(kang)風(feng)(feng)吹雨淋、透(tou)氣好的(de)正(zheng)規(gui)廠家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)專用(yong)(yong)紙袋(dai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)塑膜袋(dai)。 3.9.4提(ti)高果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉色(se)(se)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)增(zeng)(zeng)噴(pen)磷、鉀、鈣等(deng)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)元素(su)(su)的(de)基礎上(shang)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)鋪(pu)反光(guang)(guang)塑膜，及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)摘(zhai)除果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)周圍(wei)貼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與遮光(guang)(guang)的(de)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、梢(shao)(shao)，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠內(nei)膛及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)下(xia)部光(guang)(guang)照，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)著(zhu)色(se)(se)，提(ti)高果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。 3.10病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.10.1植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)檢(jian)疫(yi) 禁止檢(jian)疫(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)從(cong)(cong)疫(yi)區傳(chuan)入我地(di)(di)。不(bu)得從(cong)(cong)疫(yi)區調(diao)運(yun)(yun)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)木、接(jie)穗、種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，所有(you)(you)外(wai)調(diao)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)木，必須嚴格檢(jian)疫(yi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)經(jing)發(fa)現(xian)檢(jian)疫(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)應(ying)立即銷(xiao)毀(hui)。 3.10.2農(nong)業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)當地(di)(di)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)抗(kang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強的(de)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)良(liang)砧建(jian)園(yuan)；強化(hua)(hua)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪，保(bao)持良(liang)好的(de)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)透(tou)光(guang)(guang)條(tiao)件，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)負載，保(bao)持健(jian)壯樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢，提(ti)高樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)抗(kang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；冬(dong)春刮(gua)除老翹皮、腐(fu)爛(lan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)斑，徹(che)底清園(yuan)、減少(shao)(shao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)源；土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)接(jie)近封凍時(shi)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)，凍死在(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)的(de)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)；早春實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)地(di)(di)膜覆蓋(gai)(gai)，阻(zu)隔(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內(nei)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)出土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)害(hai)；晚秋(qiu)(qiu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)綁草(cao)(cao)環，誘(you)(you)(you)(you)集(ji)(ji)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)藏(zang)身越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燒(shao)毀(hui)，減少(shao)(shao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)基數；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寄(ji)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)集(ji)(ji)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)卵，集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燒(shao)毀(hui)殺(sha)滅(mie)。 3.10.3物(wu)(wu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)4、5月(yue)份(fen)采(cai)(cai)取糖醋液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，5月(yue)份(fen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)采(cai)(cai)取黑光(guang)(guang)燈誘(you)(you)(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，還可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)頻振式(shi)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)燈、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)纏草(cao)(cao)把、粘著(zhu)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)網等(deng)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.4生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、小花(hua)(hua)蝽、草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)、食(shi)蚜(ya)蠅、捕食(shi)螨等(deng)天(tian)敵，控制(zhi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)螨、潛葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)蛾等(deng)自然天(tian)敵人工引移、繁殖釋放(fang)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)天(tian)敵；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)養(yang)(yang)雞或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)招引益鳥(niao)啄(zhuo)食(shi)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)利用(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)益微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其代(dai)謝(xie)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如利用(yong)(yong)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)外(wai)激素(su)(su)誘(you)(you)(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.5化(hua)(hua)學防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 提(ti)倡(chang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)源農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)、礦物(wu)(wu)源農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)（如石(shi)(shi)硫(liu)(liu)合(he)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)硫(liu)(liu)懸浮劑(ji)(ji)(ji)），禁止使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)劇毒、高毒、高殘留和(he)致(zhi)畸(ji)、致(zhi)癌(ai)、致(zhi)突(tu)變(bian)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)學農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)時(shi)嚴格按照NY/T 393－2000的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)控制(zhi)施(shi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)量(liang)(liang)與安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，并(bing)(bing)遵(zun)照國家有(you)(you)關規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。 3.10.6主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)　 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)：有(you)(you)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)穿孔病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)(tao)瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)(tao)縮(suo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)；桃(tao)(tao)(tao)蚜(ya)、葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)螨、蚧類害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)等(deng)。 3.10.6.1桃(tao)(tao)(tao)細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)穿孔病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，用(yong)(yong)3°Be～5°Be石(shi)(shi)硫(liu)(liu)合(he)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)，消滅(mie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)上(shang)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)的(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)100萬(wan)單位新植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霉素(su)(su)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d。 3.10.6.2桃(tao)(tao)(tao)瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)50%多菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)靈(ling)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。 3.10.6.3桃(tao)(tao)(tao)縮(suo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幼(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)袋(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)1.5%多抗(kang)霉素(su)(su)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)300倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)70%甲基托布(bu)津(jin)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)100倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30d。 3.10.6.4桃(tao)(tao)(tao)蚜(ya)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幼(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)袋(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)0.36%苦(ku)參堿水劑(ji)(ji)(ji)1000倍(bei)(bei)～2000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。10％吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)25d。 3.10.6.5葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)螨：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)0.9%或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)螨克水劑(ji)(ji)(ji)5000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%阿(a)維菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)素(su)(su)5000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)14d。 3.10.6.6蚧類害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，謝(xie)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)10d～15d，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)白蚧、朝(chao)鮮球堅蚧，用(yong)(yong)10%吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)0.2°Be～0.3°Be石(shi)(shi)硫(liu)(liu)合(he)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.11果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)和(he)采(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 　　根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)度(du)、用(yong)(yong)途和(he)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)綜合(he)確定(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)適(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)，輕拿(na)輕放(fang)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)立即按要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)挑選(xuan)(xuan)、包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)應(ying)清潔、牢固、無(wu)污染、無(wu)異(yi)味，包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)應(ying)符(fu)(fu)合(he)國家有(you)(you)關標(biao)準(zhun)和(he)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，編上(shang)標(biao)記，及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)組織調(diao)運(yun)(yun)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)銷(xiao)售市(shi)場或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)貯存地(di)(di)。 3.12 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)檔案記錄　 要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)立田間(jian)(jian)(jian)技術檔案，對(dui)整(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)記載，并(bing)(bing)妥善(shan)保(bao)存，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)備(bei)查(cha)閱。

六.包裝標識相關規定

包裝(zhuang)主要采用彩色紙(zhi)盒和箱式(shi)(shi)包裝(zhuang)為主，包裝(zhuang)材(cai)必須符合國家(jia)強行(xing)性技術規范要求。產(chan)品(pin)有明確標簽(qian)，內容包括：產(chan)品(pin)名稱(cheng)，商標， 產(chan)品(pin)執行(xing)標準(zhun)，生(sheng)產(chan)者及(ji)銷售(shou)者詳細(xi)地址，聯系方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，凈含量及(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)日期。