芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

產(chan)于鄧(deng)李鄉馬(ma)灣(wan)村。其主要特色(se)是：入口甘爽，色(se)澤鮮亮，白里(li)透紅，含糖量高，營養豐富，離核，種(zhong)植面積大，歷史(shi)悠久，曾遠(yuan)銷前蘇聯(lian)、香港等地(di)，遠(yuan)近(jin)聞名。屬產(chan)地(di)特色(se)類(lei)。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

2.1土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地貌情(qing)(qing)況 “馬灣白桃”產(chan)地為(wei)沙(sha)河(he)(he)沖積平原，地形北(bei)部高，中部和東(dong)南緩低，沃野坦蕩。境(jing)內(nei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤為(wei)黃潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)、結構疏(shu)松，透氣(qi)性(xing)好，水(shui)(shui)質甘甜，有機(ji)質含量(liang)1.224%，全氮(dan)(dan)0.068%，速(su)效磷8ppm，速(su)效氮(dan)(dan)67 ppm,速(su)效鉀81 ppm，pH 6.77～7.35。 2.2水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)(qing)況 境(jing)內(nei)有本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)最大(da)(da)(da)的河(he)(he)流(liu)沙(sha)河(he)(he)穿境(jing)而過，沙(sha)河(he)(he)以南與大(da)(da)(da)麥河(he)(he)在鄧李鄉境(jing)內(nei)匯入(ru)沙(sha)河(he)(he)、源于鄧李鄉鄧李村北(bei)的北(bei)大(da)(da)(da)溝在沙(sha)河(he)(he)出縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)口處注入(ru)沙(sha)河(he)(he)。三條河(he)(he)流(liu)年均(jun)最大(da)(da)(da)徑流(liu)量(liang)23.85億(yi)m3。地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)由自然降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)，自流(liu)灌溉回歸水(shui)(shui)，河(he)(he)流(liu)側(ce)滲等組(zu)成(cheng)，可(ke)利用水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總量(liang)接(jie)近950萬m2。 2.3氣(qi)候情(qing)(qing)況 葉縣(xian)(xian)屬暖溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)大(da)(da)(da)陸季(ji)風氣(qi)候，四季(ji)分明、春季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)暖，風多雨(yu)少，氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)回升(sheng)快(kuai)；夏季(ji)炎熱(re)，雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)集(ji)中；秋季(ji)涼(liang)爽，秋雨(yu)綿綿，氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)日差較大(da)(da)(da)。年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)14.8度，年平均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)804.8毫(hao)米。境(jing)內(nei)多年平均(jun)日照時(shi)(shi)(shi)數(shu)1991.1小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，年平均(jun)日照率是45%，年最多日照數(shu)為(wei)2193.5小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，最少日照時(shi)(shi)(shi)數(shu)為(wei)1702.7小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。區域光照充足，年無霜期(qi)216天。

三.地域范圍

“馬(ma)灣白桃”分布在(zai)葉縣(xian)鄧李鄉和洪莊楊鄉境(jing)內(nei)境(jing)內(nei)沙(sha)河(he)兩(liang)岸的馬(ma)灣、灣李、、妝頭等16個行政村。位于(yu)東(dong)經113°28′56″～113°34′18″ ，北(bei)緯 33°43′32″～33°41′32″，東(dong)西(xi)長25公里(li)，南北(bei)寬12公里(li)。 適宜種植面積3.2萬(wan)畝，年(nian)產量6.4萬(wan)噸左右。

四.產品品質特性特征

4.1 外在感官特(te)征(zheng) 馬(ma)灣白桃(tao)的主要特(te)色是：個大(da)鮮亮，白里透紅，核(he)肉(rou)分離，汁(zhi)多爽口，肉(rou)軟味(wei)甜。 4.2 內(nei)在品質(zhi)指標 經農業部(bu)農產品質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監督檢驗測試中(zhong)心（鄭州）檢驗，“馬(ma)灣白桃(tao)”可溶性固(gu)形物含量(liang)(liang)為12%～14 %，鐵含量(liang)(liang)6.4～7.6/100g，鉀(jia)含量(liang)(liang)131～178/100g。

五.特定生產方式

3.1 園(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze) 園(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)“馬(ma)灣(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護范圍(wei)內(nei)的(de)(de)沙(sha)(sha)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)， pH值7.0左(zuo)右(you)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽分(fen)(fen)(fen)含(han)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)1％，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)≥10g/kg，排(pai)灌(guan)便利，交通(tong)方(fang)便，沒有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)核果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)類(lei)(lei)(lei)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)。產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境符合(he)(he)NY/T 391的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。 3.2品種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze) 以(yi)(yi)(yi)傳統的(de)(de)“馬(ma)灣(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”品種(zhong)(zhong)大白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，適當引(yin)進(jin)(jin)沙(sha)(sha)子早生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)(deng)新品種(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3大坑(keng)(keng)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重施(shi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) “馬(ma)灣(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求按(an)(an)寬、深(shen)(shen)各0.8m—1m開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)挖定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑(keng)(keng)（溝(gou)），并(bing)(bing)將挖出的(de)(de)熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（底土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）分(fen)(fen)(fen)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)堆(dui)放(fang)。回填(tian)時(shi)將熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)與腐熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（每(mei)穴(xue)25kg左(zuo)右(you)或(huo)(huo)(huo)每(mei)畝(mu)2000kg—3000kg）充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)填(tian)入(ru)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑(keng)(keng)（溝(gou)）的(de)(de)下(xia)層，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)填(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)層。 3.4 適期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，合(he)(he)理密植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) “馬(ma)灣(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)秋(qiu)(qiu)季落葉(xie)(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)至(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)年春季桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，對(dui)苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)根(gen)(gen)系用(yong)(yong)(yong)1%硫酸銅(tong)溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)浸(jin)5min后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)再放(fang)到2%石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)浸(jin)2min進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)消毒(du)(du)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)三封兩(liang)踩一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)苗(miao)(miao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)根(gen)(gen)系舒展，苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)扶正、嫁接口(kou)朝向西北(bei)迎風方(fang)向，根(gen)(gen)系周(zhou)圍(wei)填(tian)熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)沉實(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)根(gen)(gen)莖(jing)與地(di)(di)(di)(di)表相平。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)根(gen)(gen)據品種(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)而(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)心形(xing)整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei) 4×3米 ，每(mei)畝(mu)55株，Y字形(xing)整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)3×2米 ，每(mei)畝(mu) 110株，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)型整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)2×1米，每(mei)畝(mu)330株。 3.5深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)改(gai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，提(ti)(ti)升地(di)(di)(di)(di)力(li) 每(mei)年秋(qiu)(qiu)季果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)結合(he)(he)秋(qiu)(qiu)施(shi)基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)改(gai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。擴穴(xue)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)為(wei)(wei)在(zai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)（溝(gou)）外(wai)挖環(huan)狀溝(gou)或(huo)(huo)(huo)平行(xing)(xing)溝(gou)，溝(gou)寬30-50cm，深(shen)(shen)30cm～45cm全(quan)(quan)(quan)園(yuan)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)將栽植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)外(wai)的(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)30cm～40cm，耕(geng)翻(fan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)耙(pa)平。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)回填(tian)時(shi)混(hun)(hun)入(ru)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。 3.6果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)，改(gai)善環(huan)境 提(ti)(ti)倡桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)園(yuan)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)制種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，改(gai)善果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境。選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)是與桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)無共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)豆(dou)科綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)，并(bing)(bing)適時(shi)刈割翻(fan)埋于(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)中(zhong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)覆蓋樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)盤(pan)。 3.7肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)理 3.7.1施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 3.7.1.1 施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原則(ze) 肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求以(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)輔，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)增(zeng)加土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)及(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。提(ti)(ti)倡根(gen)(gen)據土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)葉(xie)(xie)片的(de)(de)營(ying)養分(fen)(fen)(fen)析進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)配方(fang)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)平衡施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)《NYT394綠色食(shi)品_肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)》的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求 。 3.7.1.2 施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)數量(liang)(liang) 基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)(yu)九月份桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)外(wai)圍(wei)新梢開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)緩慢生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長至(zhi)停止生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長時(shi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)秋(qiu)(qiu)季果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)施(shi)入(ru)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)農(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求每(mei)667m2施(shi)優質(zhi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)3000kg～4000kg。幼(you)齡樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)育前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)氮磷(lin)(lin)(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)育后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)磷(lin)(lin)(lin)鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)～3次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)多追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)少追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)別于(yu)(yu)萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)每(mei)667m2追施(shi)硫酸鉀(jia)復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（15—15—15）50kg；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)膨(peng)大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)667m 2追施(shi)磷(lin)(lin)(lin)酸二(er)氫鉀(jia)40kg，最后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)須在(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。每(mei)年根(gen)(gen)外(wai)噴(pen)施(shi)光(guang)(guang)合(he)(he)微肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、磷(lin)(lin)(lin)酸二(er)氫鉀(jia)5～6次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。距果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d內(nei)停止葉(xie)(xie)面(mian)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 3.7.2水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)管(guan)理 桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，幼(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)膨(peng)大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)落葉(xie)(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)封凍前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)三次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長季節如土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)旱或(huo)(huo)(huo)每(mei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)不(bu)足時(shi)適量(liang)(liang)灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)花(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)轉色至(zhi)成熟(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)制灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求灌(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)無污(wu)染，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)NY/T 391中(zhong)4.2規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。 3.8整形(xing)修剪(jian) 3.8.1主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing) 3.8.1.1自然(ran)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)心形(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)50cm-60cm，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布錯落有(you)致，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)向不(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)正南；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角度(du)(du)(du)在(zai)40o～70o；每(mei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配置2個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)～3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。呈(cheng)順向排(pai)列(lie)，側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)張(zhang)角度(du)(du)(du)70o左(zuo)右(you)。 3.8.1.2 Y字形(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)40cm～50cm，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)2個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角度(du)(du)(du)60o～90o，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)直接培養結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)。 3.8.1.3 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)型 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)170-200cm，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)基(ji)(ji)部60cm以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，不(bu)留(liu)(liu)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)。 3.9花(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管(guan)理 3.9.1保(bao)(bao)花(hua)保(bao)(bao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 盛花(hua)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，噴(pen)施(shi)0.3%磷(lin)(lin)(lin)酸二(er)氫鉀(jia)＋0.3%硼（酸）砂＋0.3%白(bai)糖(tang)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)愛多收(shou)、坐(zuo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)靈等(deng)(deng)促進(jin)(jin)坐(zuo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；也可(ke)每(mei)667㎡放(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)箱蜜(mi)蜂(feng)或(huo)(huo)(huo)50頭－100頭角額壁蜂(feng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)授粉(fen)；從(cong)初(chu)花(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)于(yu)(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)午9－10時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電動采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)粉(fen)授粉(fen)器或(huo)(huo)(huo)人工(gong)點(dian)授等(deng)(deng)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)人工(gong)授粉(fen)。 3.9.2 疏花(hua)疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 3.9.2.1 原則(ze) 根(gen)(gen)據品種(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、自然(ran)條(tiao)件(jian)、經(jing)營(ying)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、產(chan)(chan)品定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)向等(deng)(deng)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)整形(xing)修剪(jian)、疏花(hua)疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)(deng)措施(shi)調(diao)節產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)每(mei)667㎡產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)在(zai)2000kg－2500kg。 3.9.2.2 時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)方(fang)法(fa)(fa) 于(yu)(yu)花(hua)芽(ya)膨(peng)大至(zhi)花(hua)蕾開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)綻前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，疏除(chu)過(guo)(guo)多、瘦小(xiao)、畸(ji)(ji)形(xing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)及(ji)梢端弱質(zhi)的(de)(de)花(hua)芽(ya)與花(hua)蕾。疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)：第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)落花(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)2周(zhou)，疏去(qu)小(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸(ji)(ji)形(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、并(bing)(bing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)及(ji)過(guo)(guo)多過(guo)(guo)密果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；第(di)二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)落花(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)3周(zhou)－4周(zhou)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理落果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，首先疏去(qu)朝天(tian)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，無葉(xie)(xie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兩(liang)側(ce)，向下(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長的(de)(de)健壯好(hao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)長果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)－4個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)距15cm－20cm），中(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)－3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，短果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)花(hua)束(shu)狀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)不(bu)留(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。 3.9.3果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai) 在(zai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)。套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)噴(pen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)殺(sha)(sha)菌劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，待果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面(mian)藥(yao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)涼(liang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)袋(dai)(dai)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，抗風吹雨淋、透氣好(hao)的(de)(de)正規廠(chang)家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙袋(dai)(dai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)塑膜袋(dai)(dai)。 3.9.4提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品質(zhi)量(liang)(liang) 在(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)轉色期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)增(zeng)噴(pen)磷(lin)(lin)(lin)、鉀(jia)、鈣等(deng)(deng)營(ying)養元素的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎上(shang)(shang)(shang)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)鋪反光(guang)(guang)塑膜，及(ji)時(shi)摘除(chu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)周(zhou)圍(wei)貼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與遮光(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)、梢，增(zeng)加樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)內(nei)膛及(ji)下(xia)部光(guang)(guang)照，促進(jin)(jin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)著(zhu)(zhu)色，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。 3.10病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.10.1植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)檢(jian)(jian)疫(yi) 禁止檢(jian)(jian)疫(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)從(cong)疫(yi)區傳入(ru)我(wo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。不(bu)得從(cong)疫(yi)區調(diao)運苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)、接穗、種(zhong)(zhong)子，所有(you)外(wai)調(diao)苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)，必須嚴格檢(jian)(jian)疫(yi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)經(jing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現檢(jian)(jian)疫(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)立即銷毀。 3.10.2農(nong)(nong)業防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 以(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)抗性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強(qiang)的(de)(de)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)良(liang)砧建園(yuan)；強(qiang)化(hua)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)理，合(he)(he)理整形(xing)修剪(jian)，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)通(tong)風透光(guang)(guang)條(tiao)件(jian)，合(he)(he)理負(fu)載，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)健壯樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)(ti)抗性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；冬(dong)春刮除(chu)老翹皮、腐爛病(bing)(bing)(bing)斑，徹(che)底清(qing)園(yuan)、減(jian)少病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)源；土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)接近封凍時(shi)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，凍死在(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)越(yue)冬(dong)的(de)(de)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)；早春實(shi)行(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜覆蓋，阻隔(ge)(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內(nei)越(yue)冬(dong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)出土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)；晚秋(qiu)(qiu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)綁(bang)草(cao)(cao)環(huan)，誘(you)(you)集病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)藏身越(yue)冬(dong)集中(zhong)燒毀，減(jian)少病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越(yue)冬(dong)基(ji)(ji)數；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寄主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)誘(you)(you)集害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)卵(luan)，集中(zhong)燒毀殺(sha)(sha)滅(mie)。 3.10.3物(wu)(wu)理防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根(gen)(gen)據害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)4、5月份采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)糖(tang)醋液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，5月份以(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)黑光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，還可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)頻振式殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)燈(deng)、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)纏草(cao)(cao)把、粘著(zhu)(zhu)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)防(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)網等(deng)(deng)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.4生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 通(tong)過(guo)(guo)保(bao)(bao)護瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、小(xiao)花(hua)蝽、草(cao)(cao)蛉、食(shi)蚜(ya)蠅、捕食(shi)螨(man)(man)等(deng)(deng)天(tian)敵，控(kong)(kong)制蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、葉(xie)(xie)螨(man)(man)、潛葉(xie)(xie)蛾等(deng)(deng)自然(ran)天(tian)敵人工(gong)引(yin)移、繁殖釋放(fang)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)天(tian)敵；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)養雞或(huo)(huo)(huo)招(zhao)引(yin)益(yi)鳥啄(zhuo)食(shi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)益(yi)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)及(ji)其代謝(xie)(xie)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如利用(yong)(yong)(yong)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)外(wai)激素誘(you)(you)殺(sha)(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.5化(hua)學防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 提(ti)(ti)倡使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)源農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)、礦物(wu)(wu)源農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)（如石(shi)(shi)硫合(he)(he)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)硫懸浮劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)），禁止使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劇毒(du)(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)毒(du)(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)殘留(liu)(liu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)致畸(ji)(ji)、致癌、致突變農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)時(shi)嚴格按(an)(an)照NY/T 393－2000的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求控(kong)(kong)制施(shi)藥(yao)量(liang)(liang)與安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，并(bing)(bing)遵照國(guo)家有(you)關(guan)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。 3.10.6主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)　 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)：有(you)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)細(xi)菌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)穿孔病(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)瘡(chuang)痂(jia)病(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縮(suo)葉(xie)(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)；桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)蚜(ya)、葉(xie)(xie)螨(man)(man)、蚧(jie)類(lei)(lei)(lei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)等(deng)(deng)。 3.10.6.1桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)細(xi)菌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)穿孔病(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)萌芽(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)花(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)3°Be～5°Be石(shi)(shi)硫合(he)(he)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，消滅(mie)在(zai)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)(shang)(shang)越(yue)冬(dong)的(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)菌；或(huo)(huo)(huo)100萬單位新植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霉(mei)素可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d。 3.10.6.2桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)瘡(chuang)痂(jia)病(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)萌芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%多菌靈可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。 3.10.6.3桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縮(suo)葉(xie)(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)萌芽(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)幼(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.5%多抗霉(mei)素可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)300倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)70%甲基(ji)(ji)托布津可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)100倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30d。 3.10.6.4桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)蚜(ya)：從(cong)萌芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)幼(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)0.36%苦參堿水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)1000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)～2000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。10％吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)25d。 3.10.6.5葉(xie)(xie)螨(man)(man)：從(cong)萌芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)0.9%或(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)螨(man)(man)克水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)5000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%阿維菌素5000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d或(huo)(huo)(huo)14d。 3.10.6.6蚧(jie)類(lei)(lei)(lei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)：從(cong)萌芽(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，謝(xie)(xie)花(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)10d～15d，防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)白(bai)蚧(jie)、朝鮮球堅(jian)蚧(jie)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)10%吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)0.2°Be～0.3°Be石(shi)(shi)硫合(he)(he)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.11果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)處理 　　根(gen)(gen)據果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)成熟(shu)(shu)度(du)(du)(du)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)途和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)市(shi)場需求綜(zong)合(he)(he)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)適期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)時(shi)，輕拿輕放(fang)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)立即按(an)(an)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)挑選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、包裝(zhuang)，包裝(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)清(qing)潔、牢固、無污(wu)染、無異味，包裝(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)國(guo)家有(you)關(guan)標(biao)準(zhun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，編上(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)記，及(ji)時(shi)組(zu)織調(diao)運至(zhi)銷售市(shi)場或(huo)(huo)(huo)貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。 3.12 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)檔案(an)記錄　 要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)建立田(tian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)技術檔案(an)，對(dui)整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)程全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)記載，并(bing)(bing)妥善保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)備查閱。

六.包裝標識相關規定

包(bao)裝(zhuang)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)采用彩色(se)紙(zhi)盒(he)和(he)箱式包(bao)裝(zhuang)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，包(bao)裝(zhuang)材必(bi)須符(fu)合國家(jia)強行(xing)性技(ji)術規范(fan)要(yao)求。產(chan)品有明確標(biao)簽，內容包(bao)括(kuo)：產(chan)品名稱，商(shang)標(biao)， 產(chan)品執行(xing)標(biao)準，生產(chan)者及銷售(shou)者詳(xiang)細(xi)地址，聯系方式，凈含(han)量及生產(chan)日期。