紅(hong)(hong)芪是豆科(ke)植物多序巖黃(huang)芪的(de)(de)干燥根。其性溫,味(wei)甘。具有固表止汗,補氣升陽,托毒斂瘡的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)效(xiao)。對于食(shi)少(shao)便溏,氣息(xi)乏力,久瀉,脫肛,崩漏(lou),便血(xue),癢瘡,血(xue)虛萎(wei)黃(huang),痛疽等癥(zheng)有治療的(de)(de)作用。另外,紅(hong)(hong)芪還有利水(shui)消腫,生津養血(xue),行滯通痹的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)效(xiao)。而且,紅(hong)(hong)芪還有促進免疫力,延緩衰老,鎮靜(jing),鎮痛,抗炎(yan)和抗病原微(wei)生物的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)效(xiao)。
多(duo)年生草本(ben),高(gao)100-120厘(li)米。根為(wei)直(zhi)根系,粗狀,深(shen)長,粗約1-2厘(li)米,外(wai)皮暗(an)紅褐色。莖直(zhi)立(li),叢生,多(duo)分枝;枝條(tiao)堅硬、無毛,稍曲(qu)折。
葉(xie)(xie)長5-9厘米(mi);托葉(xie)(xie)披針(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing),棕(zong)褐色干膜(mo)質,合(he)生至上(shang)(shang)部;通(tong)常無(wu)明顯葉(xie)(xie)柄;小(xiao)葉(xie)(xie)11-19,具長約1毫米(mi)的短柄;小(xiao)葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)卵(luan)狀(zhuang)披針(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或卵(luan)狀(zhuang)長圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長18-24毫米(mi),寬4-6毫米(mi),先端圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或鈍圓(yuan),通(tong)常具尖頭,基部楔形(xing)(xing)(xing),上(shang)(shang)面無(wu)毛,下面被貼伏柔毛。
總(zong)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)序腋(ye)生,高度一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)超出(chu)葉(xie);花(hua)(hua)多數,長(chang)(chang)12-14毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi),具3-4毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)長(chang)(chang)的絲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)梗;苞(bao)片鉆(zhan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)披(pi)針形(xing),等于(yu)或稍短(duan)(duan)于(yu)花(hua)(hua)梗,被(bei)柔(rou)毛(mao)(mao),常(chang)早(zao)落;花(hua)(hua)萼(e)(e)斜(xie)寬(kuan)鐘狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),長(chang)(chang)4-5毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi),被(bei)短(duan)(duan)柔(rou)毛(mao)(mao),萼(e)(e)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)三角(jiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)鉆(zhan)形(xing),齒(chi)(chi)(chi)間呈寬(kuan)的微凹(ao),上萼(e)(e)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)長(chang)(chang)約1毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi),下萼(e)(e)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)長(chang)(chang)為(wei)上萼(e)(e)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)的1倍(bei);花(hua)(hua)冠淡黃色,長(chang)(chang)11-12毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi),旗瓣(ban)(ban)倒長(chang)(chang)卵形(xing),先端(duan)圓形(xing)、微凹(ao),翼(yi)瓣(ban)(ban)線(xian)(xian)形(xing),等于(yu)或稍長(chang)(chang)于(yu)旗瓣(ban)(ban),龍骨瓣(ban)(ban)長(chang)(chang)于(yu)旗瓣(ban)(ban)2-3毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi);子房線(xian)(xian)形(xing),被(bei)短(duan)(duan)柔(rou)毛(mao)(mao)。莢(jia)果(guo)2-4節,被(bei)短(duan)(duan)柔(rou)毛(mao)(mao),節莢(jia)近圓形(xing)或寬(kuan)卵形(xing),寬(kuan)3-5毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi),兩側(ce)微凹(ao),具明顯網紋和狹翅。花(hua)(hua)期7-8月(yue),果(guo)期8-9月(yue)。
除去(qu)雜質,大(da)小(xiao)分(fen)開,洗凈,潤透(tou),切(qie)厚片,干燥。具有(you)補氣升陽,固表止汗,利水(shui)消(xiao)腫,生津養血,行(xing)滯通(tong)痹(bi)(bi),托毒排膿,斂(lian)(lian)瘡(chuang)生肌之功效(xiao)。用于氣虛乏(fa)力,食少便(bian)溏,中氣下陷,久(jiu)(jiu)瀉脫肛,便(bian)血崩漏,表虛自汗,氣虛水(shui)腫,內熱消(xiao)渴,血虛萎黃,半(ban)身不(bu)遂,痹(bi)(bi)痛麻木(mu),癰疽難(nan)潰(kui),久(jiu)(jiu)潰(kui)不(bu)斂(lian)(lian)。