芒果视频下载-高清在线

基本介紹

五里界界豆鮮品外觀為(wei)水滴(di)形，顆粒飽滿(man)，口(kou)感(gan)質地(di)脆嫩，富含粘液，淡辛香(xiang)味。成熟的籽粒呈米黃(huang)色，種(zhong)臍黃(huang)褐色，臍眼有黃(huang)色裂痕；外形為(wei)橢圓形，種(zhong)皮(pi)光滑(hua)；籽粒飽滿(man)、粒小(xiao)，百粒重(zhong)12～13克。特別適宜各類(lei)加工。

地域產地

五里界(jie)界(jie)豆的生(sheng)產(chan)地(di)域范圍為湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)武(wu)漢市江夏區所轄的五里界(jie)街錦繡(xiu)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、毛家畈村(cun)(cun)(cun)、李家店村(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)湖(hu)街村(cun)(cun)(cun)、群益村(cun)(cun)(cun)、孫家店村(cun)(cun)(cun)、唐(tang)涂村(cun)(cun)(cun)、童周(zhou)嶺(ling)村(cun)(cun)(cun)8個村(cun)(cun)(cun)，地(di)理(li)坐標為東(dong)經(jing)114°27′～114°33′，北(bei)緯30°01′～30°13′。總種植面積100公頃(qing)，年總產(chan)量200噸。

品質特點

（1）外在感觀特征界豆(dou)鮮品(pin)外觀為(wei)水滴形(xing)(xing)，顆粒(li)(li)飽滿，口感質地(di)脆(cui)嫩，富含(han)粘(zhan)液，淡辛香味。成熟的(de)籽粒(li)(li)呈(cheng)米黃(huang)色(se)，種臍黃(huang)褐色(se)，臍眼有黃(huang)色(se)裂痕(hen)；外形(xing)(xing)為(wei)橢圓形(xing)(xing)，種皮光滑；籽粒(li)(li)飽滿、粒(li)(li)小(xiao)，百粒(li)(li)重12～13克。特別(bie)適宜各類加(jia)工。

（2）內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)質指(zhi)標五里界界豆，營養豐富，蛋白質≥39%，脂肪≥12%，粗(cu)纖維≤11%。

（3）安全(quan)要求界豆符合《大豆》（GB 1352）、《農藥安全(quan)使(shi)用(yong)規范總則》（NY/T 1276）和《肥料合理使(shi)用(yong)準(zhun)則》（NY/T 496）的有關規定。界豆執行《無公(gong)害農產品生產質量安全(quan)控制技術規范》（NY/T 2798.2）標(biao)準(zhun)。

生長環境

（一）土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)貌情況江夏區境屬江漢平(ping)原向(xiang)鄂南丘陵過渡地(di)(di)段，地(di)(di)形特(te)征是(shi)中部高，西靠長(chang)江，東向(xiang)湖區緩斜。區境為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我國紅壤(rang)的(de)(de)(de)北部邊緣(yuan)，又是(shi)黃(huang)棕壤(rang)的(de)(de)(de)南緣(yuan)，濱江抱湖的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)理(li)位(wei)置有潮(chao)(chao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)分(fen)布。北部垅(long)崗平(ping)原以(yi)黃(huang)棕壤(rang)和(he)潮(chao)(chao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，中部低丘垅(long)崗平(ping)原皆為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紅壤(rang)，南部垅(long)崗平(ping)原區集中分(fen)布，西部平(ping)原以(yi)潮(chao)(chao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。五里界(jie)界(jie)豆生產地(di)(di)域(yu)范圍土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)以(yi)紅壤(rang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，pH 6.6～7.5，有機(ji)質、堿解氮、速效磷及速效鉀平(ping)均含量分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)23.41g/kg、106.40mg/kg、15.00mg/kg以(yi)及117.90mg/kg，這種無任何污染的(de)(de)(de)紅壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，能滿足界(jie)豆生長(chang)所需的(de)(de)(de)基本土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)養分(fen)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)界(jie)豆特(te)有品質的(de)(de)(de)形成提供(gong)了保障。

（二）水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況江(jiang)(jiang)夏(xia)區(qu)(qu)西(xi)臨(lin)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)，東(dong)北(bei)、西(xi)南(nan)三面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)湖(hu)(hu)，間以水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)塘(tang)堰，形成江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)(hu)環(huan)抱(bao)之勢。由(you)于地勢南(nan)北(bei)狹長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)而(er)東(dong)西(xi)傾斜，境(jing)(jing)內(nei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)呈離(li)心扇形，按自然出江(jiang)(jiang)口劃分：金(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)出金(jin)口入長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)，梁子湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)出樊口閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)，湯(tang)遜湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)出武(wu)泰(tai)(tai)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)。較(jiao)大江(jiang)(jiang)河(he)有長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)和(he)金(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流經區(qu)(qu)境(jing)(jing)段長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)31.5公(gong)里(li)，金(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)的(de)區(qu)(qu)境(jing)(jing)流程42公(gong)里(li)，在(zai)金(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)入長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)。較(jiao)大的(de)湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)有：西(xi)涼(liang)湖(hu)(hu)、斧頭湖(hu)(hu)系(xi)，由(you)5個湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)組成，與金(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)相通;梁子湖(hu)(hu)系(xi)由(you)3個湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)組成，與長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)相連；湯(tang)遜湖(hu)(hu)系(xi)由(you)5個湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)組成，積(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)由(you)海口閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)、陳山頭閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)和(he)武(wu)泰(tai)(tai)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)流入長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)。區(qu)(qu)境(jing)(jing)江(jiang)(jiang)河(he)、湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)、河(he)灘、湖(hu)(hu)灘、水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)等水(shui)(shui)(shui)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)達6.467萬公(gong)頃，占全區(qu)(qu)版圖面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)三分之一(yi)。全區(qu)(qu)可養水(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)3.84萬公(gong)頃，是武(wu)漢市水(shui)(shui)(shui)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)最大的(de)區(qu)(qu)，無污染的(de)清潔(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源，保障了(le)界豆(dou)生長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)所(suo)需的(de)優質灌(guan)溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)。

（三）氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候條件(jian) 江夏區(qu)屬中亞熱帶(dai)向北亞熱帶(dai)過渡的(de)濕(shi)(shi)潤季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候。年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫介于15.9～17.9℃之間，歷年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)值(zhi)為(wei)16.8℃。年總降水(shui)量889.2～1862.6mm，歷年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)降水(shui)量為(wei)1347.7mm。日照時數為(wei)1450～2050h。溫暖(nuan)濕(shi)(shi)潤、四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)明，亞熱帶(dai)大(da)陸季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候特(te)征十分(fen)(fen)明顯。完全符合(he)界豆生長發育所需的(de)溫、光、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)等氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候條件(jian)。但不同(tong)年型的(de)光、熱、水(shui)年季(ji)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)振(zhen)幅(fu)較大(da)，常形(xing)成旱澇災害、低(di)溫、陰雨寡照，對農業(ye)生產造成一定(ding)危害。

生產情況

（一(yi)）產地(di)(di)(di)選擇與特色內容(rong)規(gui)定五里界(jie)(jie)(jie)界(jie)(jie)(jie)豆(dou)(dou)產于(yu)江夏區五里界(jie)(jie)(jie)街孫家店村(cun)、童(tong)周村(cun)等(deng)8個村(cun)。五里界(jie)(jie)(jie)界(jie)(jie)(jie)豆(dou)(dou)產地(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源條件(jian)優越(yue)，光照(zhao)充足(zu)(zu)，降水(shui)(shui)(shui)充沛，湖(hu)(hu)泊縱橫，水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源十(shi)分豐富，具有良好(hao)的自(zi)然環(huan)(huan)(huan)境和生態條件(jian)。產地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)繞梁子湖(hu)(hu)，在其(qi)特有的地(di)(di)(di)理(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境和特殊的土質環(huan)(huan)(huan)境、潔凈的空氣、清澈的灌溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)及耕作制(zhi)度均符合《無(wu)公害食品產地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境評價準(zhun)則》（NY/T 5295）的規(gui)定。產地(di)(di)(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源充足(zu)(zu)、地(di)(di)(di)勢平緩、排(pai)灌便利及保水(shui)(shui)(shui)性好(hao)，種(zhong)植戶(hu)種(zhong)界(jie)(jie)(jie)豆(dou)(dou)經驗豐富。

（二）品種(zhong)(zhong)選擇與特定要(yao)求(qiu) 五里界界豆為五里界主要(yao)農(nong)作物之(zhi)一，其(qi)因歷史的種(zhong)(zhong)植悠久（1000年以上），通過歷代本地農(nong)民的嚴格挑選留(liu)(liu)種(zhong)(zhong)，保留(liu)(liu)下來(lai)“六月爆”這個地方品種(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)產品外(wai)(wai)形(xing)整(zheng)齊美觀，在豐產性、營養性和商品性等(deng)方面(mian)優于(yu)外(wai)(wai)來(lai)品種(zhong)(zhong)。

（三）生產過程管理(li) 1、五(wu)里界(jie)(jie)界(jie)(jie)豆(dou)種(zhong)植(zhi) （1）環境選擇五(wu)里界(jie)(jie)界(jie)(jie)豆(dou)的(de)適應性廣，種(zhong)植(zhi)區(qu)域(yu)全年氣候(hou)溫(wen)和，雨量(liang)充足，四季(ji)分(fen)明，小氣候(hou)優質(zhi)明顯，平均氣溫(wen)16℃，最高(gao)氣溫(wen)38℃，年降(jiang)水量(liang)1200毫(hao)米左右，無霜期260天左右，屬(shu)丘陵亞熱帶氣候(hou)，土壤(rang)有機質(zhi)含量(liang)比(bi)周圍高(gao)1.2倍，速效鉀高(gao)1倍，含鋅高(gao)2.9倍，含鎂高(gao)1.7倍栽培，較適合種(zhong)植(zhi)界(jie)(jie)豆(dou)。當地農戶有豐富的(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)經驗，能(neng)夠根據界(jie)(jie)豆(dou)的(de)生育特點做好田間管理(li)，促進界(jie)(jie)豆(dou)生產。

（2）空(kong)氣(qi)質量五里界界豆基地的環(huan)境空(kong)氣(qi)質量，符合國(guo)家《環(huan)境空(kong)氣(qi)質量標準(zhun)》（GB 3095）中規定(ding)的標準(zhun)要(yao)求。

（3）用水(shui)質量基地灌溉用水(shui)無污染，符合《農田灌溉水(shui)質標(biao)準》（GB 5084）。

（4）土壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質(zhi)量應選用未種過(guo)界(jie)(jie)豆及其他蠶豆類(lei)的地塊。界(jie)(jie)豆適于肥沃土壤(rang)(rang)(rang)栽(zai)培，但以(yi)排水良(liang)好(hao)的疏松(song)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土，pH值(zhi)6.5～7.5中性砂(sha)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土為佳(jia)；界(jie)(jie)豆吸肥力強，在砂(sha)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土中產量最(zui)高，品質(zhi)最(zui)好(hao)；適于間、套作(zuo)，忌(ji)連作(zuo)。可(ke)在旱地玉米、馬鈴薯、西(xi)瓜、芝麻、大豆、花生(sheng)后(hou)茬種或與水稻(dao)輪(lun)(lun)作(zuo)，最(zui)好(hao)每年換(huan)地輪(lun)(lun)作(zuo)。產地農戶(hu)在長(chang)期生(sheng)產實踐中，已形成了輪(lun)(lun)作(zuo)換(huan)茬種植界(jie)(jie)豆的習慣。基(ji)地土壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質(zhi)量符合《土壤(rang)(rang)(rang)環境質(zhi)量農用地土壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染風險(xian)管控標準（試(shi)行）》（GB 15618）。

（5）五(wu)里界(jie)界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植選擇本地(di)(di)春大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：六月(yue)爆。武(wu)昌六月(yue)爆，系江夏(xia)(xia)區（原武(wu)昌縣）春大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)地(di)(di)方(fang)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，適應(ying)強(qiang)，早熟(shu)豐產，品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)好，有限結(jie)莢(jia)(jia)，株高(gao)75㎝左(zuo)右(you)，葉(xie)(xie)橢圓(yuan)形(xing)，紫花(hua)(hua)(hua)，茸毛，黑(hei)色。籽粒(li)呈橢圓(yuan)形(xing)，黃色，百粒(li)重12～13克(ke)，全生(sheng)育期(qi)(qi)100～110天。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)選擇：選擇的(de)(de)是大(da)小(xiao)適中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，符(fu)合(he)本品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特征的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)，應(ying)剔除(chu)病(bing)斑粒(li)、蟲(chong)(chong)食(shi)粒(li)、雜質(zhi)，為品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)保(bao)證提供保(bao)障(zhang)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)處(chu)理(li)(li)：將(jiang)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)置(zhi)于(yu)太陽下暴曬(shai)1～2天，以咬脆裂為適度，之后種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)處(chu)理(li)(li)是用(yong)(yong)鉬肥2克(ke)溶(rong)(rong)入少許熱水，冷卻后與(yu)(yu)(yu)1公(gong)斤(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)充分(fen)拌(ban)勻，提高(gao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)發芽勢和發芽率。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前先深(shen)(shen)耕20～24㎝，土壤疏松，結(jie)構良好，保(bao)肥保(bao)水力強(qiang)，通氣性好，整(zheng)細耙平，深(shen)(shen)翻曬(shai)壟，做到田(tian)平土細，然后按2～3m寬開(kai)廂(xiang)，并開(kai)好三溝(gou)，溝(gou)寬0.3m，廂(xiang)溝(gou)、腰溝(gou)、圍溝(gou)深(shen)(shen)度依次(ci)(ci)(ci)為0.3m、0.4m、0.5m，做到溝(gou)溝(gou)相通，以利排水和抗旱(han)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥原則：界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥應(ying)以農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥為主，化(hua)(hua)肥為輔，多(duo)(duo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)磷鉀(jia)肥。施(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)肥：每667㎡基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥1000公(gong)斤(jin)～1500公(gong)斤(jin)，硫酸鉀(jia)型復合(he)肥20公(gong)斤(jin)。最適宜播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)為3月(yue)下旬至(zhi)(zhi)清(qing)明前。界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)多(duo)(duo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)穴播(bo)(bo)，也有采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)撒播(bo)(bo)、條播(bo)(bo)，播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)深(shen)(shen)度2～5㎝，穴距15～27㎝，每穴3～5粒(li)。2、田(tian)間(jian)(jian)管理(li)(li) 界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后即開(kai)始(shi)田(tian)間(jian)(jian)管理(li)(li)。①查苗(miao)補缺：苗(miao)出齊后對缺苗(miao)進行(xing)補種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或補苗(miao)；②中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕除(chu)草：界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)田(tian)多(duo)(duo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕除(chu)草，主要(yao)三次(ci)(ci)(ci)：第(di)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)剛出真葉(xie)(xie)時(shi)，淺中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕；第(di)二次(ci)(ci)(ci)3～4片葉(xie)(xie)時(shi)，深(shen)(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕；第(di)三次(ci)(ci)(ci)分(fen)枝期(qi)(qi)苗(miao)高(gao)23～27厘米時(shi)，淺中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕，結(jie)合(he)培土；③灌(guan)溉與(yu)(yu)(yu)排漬：界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)耐(nai)旱(han)怕漬，平時(shi)根(gen)據生(sheng)育期(qi)(qi)水份要(yao)求進行(xing)灌(guan)溉；④化(hua)(hua)學(xue)調控：為控制大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)陡長，倒(dao)伏(fu)，減少落花(hua)(hua)(hua)落莢(jia)(jia)，花(hua)(hua)(hua)前每畝(mu)(mu)15%多(duo)(duo)效(xiao)唑60克(ke)兌水50公(gong)斤(jin)噴施(shi)(shi)(shi)。追(zhui)肥：依據苗(miao)情施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)：第(di)一(yi)片復葉(xie)(xie)展開(kai)時(shi)，及(ji)時(shi)追(zhui)適量氮磷肥，每畝(mu)(mu)追(zhui)肥尿素3～5公(gong)斤(jin)，過(guo)磷酸鈣7～15公(gong)斤(jin)；分(fen)枝期(qi)(qi)主意追(zhui)磷鉀(jia)肥；初(chu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)一(yi)般每畝(mu)(mu)硫酸銨和過(guo)磷酸鈣7～10公(gong)斤(jin)；結(jie)莢(jia)(jia)期(qi)(qi)進行(xing)根(gen)噴過(guo)磷酸鈣溶(rong)(rong)液40～70公(gong)斤(jin)。鼓粒(li)期(qi)(qi)進行(xing)葉(xie)(xie)面(mian)噴肥，一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)過(guo)磷酸鈣2%噴施(shi)(shi)(shi)，每次(ci)(ci)(ci)40～50公(gong)斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)，也用(yong)(yong)0.05%鉬酸銨溶(rong)(rong)液噴施(shi)(shi)(shi)。3、病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害防治平時(shi)加強(qiang)田(tian)間(jian)(jian)觀察(cha)，及(ji)時(shi)防治病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害。界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)以蟲(chong)(chong)害主，主要(yao)有地(di)(di)下害蟲(chong)(chong)（蠐螬、地(di)(di)老虎(hu)）、豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)莢(jia)(jia)螟、豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)天蛾等。農(nong)(nong)業防治措施(shi)(shi)(shi):（1）輪作換(huan)(huan)茬：界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)可與(yu)(yu)(yu)水稻、油菜(cai)等作物(wu)(wu)(wu)輪作。（2）重視留(liu)(liu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。（3）防漬防澇，確保(bao)界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)健壯生(sheng)長；合(he)理(li)(li)配方(fang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥，增(zeng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)磷鉀(jia)肥，提高(gao)界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)抗病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)能力；深(shen)(shen)翻整(zheng)地(di)(di)曬(shai)土，及(ji)時(shi)清(qing)除(chu)病(bing)殘(can)(can)植株；撒生(sheng)石灰調節酸堿(jian)度；有條件地(di)(di)方(fang)可灌(guan)水殺蟲(chong)(chong)，減少越夏(xia)(xia)蟲(chong)(chong)源。（4）引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)調種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)嚴格(ge)檢(jian)疫，及(ji)時(shi)處(chu)理(li)(li)。化(hua)(hua)學(xue)防治措施(shi)(shi)(shi): （1）土壤消毒(du)(du)(du)結(jie)合(he)最后一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)撒底肥，每667㎡用(yong)(yong)10%辛硫磷或3%好年冬顆粒(li)劑3～5㎏混施(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)根(gen)周圍。（2）推廣使(shi)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)效(xiao)低(di)(di)毒(du)(du)(du)低(di)(di)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)農(nong)(nong)藥防治病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害，禁止使(shi)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)毒(du)(du)(du)高(gao)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)農(nong)(nong)藥。防治害蟲(chong)(chong)可10%氯蟲(chong)(chong)苯甲酰胺懸浮(fu)劑等藥劑，注(zhu)意輪換(huan)(huan)用(yong)(yong)藥。4、界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)制作工藝(yi) （1）采(cai)(cai)收(shou) 大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)收(shou)獲期(qi)(qi)為黃熟(shu)末期(qi)(qi)至(zhi)(zhi)完(wan)熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)，趁早晨露水未干時(shi)收(shou)割，收(shou)獲后堆放(fang)3--5天，然后帶莢(jia)(jia)暴曬(shai)至(zhi)(zhi)干脫(tuo)粒(li)。（2）包裝產品(pin)(pin)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)后，迅速就(jiu)地(di)(di)按加工標準進行(xing)整(zheng)理(li)(li)，挑選出病(bing)、蟲(chong)(chong)蛀、癟小(xiao)、機械損傷、青頭(tou)等界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)，按品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、規格(ge)分(fen)別(bie)做好標簽、包裝，及(ji)時(shi)送交加工單位。運輸工具要(yao)清(qing)潔、衛生(sheng)、無污染(ran)、無雜物(wu)(wu)(wu)，包裝運輸過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)避免接觸污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。保(bao)證存放(fang)界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)容器(qi)及(ji)環境的(de)(de)衛生(sheng)，觀察(cha)界(jie)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)顏色變化(hua)(hua)，杜絕(jue)出現白酶。

（四(si)）生(sheng)產記錄要(yao)求建立(li)生(sheng)產檔案(an)，對品(pin)種、肥(fei)料(liao)施用、病蟲害防(fang)治(zhi)、采收和其它田間(jian)管理措(cuo)施及產品(pin)去向等進行記載(zai)。生(sheng)產檔案(an)應(ying)有專人專管，保存期不少于3年。